Shunthi

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Zingiber officinale Roscoe.

Shunthi
Section/Chapter Herb database/Shunthi
Botanical name(s) Zingiber officinale Roscoe
Contributors --
Year of publication 2021
Publisher Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre
DOI Awaited

English name

Ginger

Synonyms in Charak Samhita

Shunthi, Nagara, Shrungavera, Vishwa-bheshajam, Mahaushadha, Ardraka, Vishwa.

Reference in Charak Samhita and its actions

Herbs and their activities
Sr.no. Reference in Charak Samhita Activity
1 Sutra sthana 2/5 Sirovirechana (Errhine therapy)
2 Sutra sthana 2/18 Deepaniya and Shulaghni yavagu
3 Sutra sthana 2/21 Raktatisara yavagu
4 Sutra sthana 2/22 Amatisara yavagu
5 Sutra sthana 2/24 Pipasaghni yavagu
6 Sutra sthana 4/9(6) Deepaniya mahakashay
7 Sutra sthana 4/9(11) Truptighna mahakashay
8 Sutra sthana 4/9(12) Arshoghna mahakashay
9 Sutra sthana 4/9(18) Stanyashodhana mahakashay
10 Sutra sthana 4/9(29) Trishna nigrahana mahakashay
11 Sutra sthana 4/9(42) Sheetaprashamana mahakashaya
12 Sutra sthana 4/9(45) Shoolaprashamana mahakashaya
13 Ch Su 24/49 Sanyas Chikitsa
14 Ch Su 25/38 Hitatam ahardravya
15 Ch Su 27/4 Natural qualities.
16 Ch Su 27/166 Harita Varga
17 Ch Su 27/166 Harita Varga
18 Ch Su 27/256 Krutanna Varga
19 Ch Su 27/296 Krutanna Varga
20 Ch Su 26/51 Rasapvad
21 Ch Vi 6/17 Abhyantar Krimi Chikitsa
22 Ch Vi 6/18 Abhyantar Krimi Chikitsa
23 Ch.Vi.8/135 Vaman dravyani
24 Vimana Sthana 8/142 Katuskandha
25 Ch.Sha.8/56 Kshira vishodhan dravya
26 Ch.Sha.8/34 Garbhasya pratimasik karma
27 Ch.Sha.8/41 Prajata stree paricharya
28 Ch.Sha.8/48 Nadi kalpana
29 Kalpa Sthana 1/22 Vamanartha
30 Kalpa Sthana 7/16 Preparation of Trivrut
31 Kalpa Sthana 7/29 Preparation of Trivrit Avaleha
32 Kalpa Sthana 7/54 Varshakalin Trivrrita Yoga
33 Kalpa Sthana 12/23 Churna Yoga
34 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 1/1/25 Body purification before rasayana treatment
35 Cha.Sa.Chi.3/145 When patient is suffering with Pipasa in jwara as an ingredient of Shadangapaniya.

Used as shrutasheetajala as it is Pipasajwarshantaye.

36 Cha.sa.Chi.3/179 Used as lajapeya with Pippali where agnimandya but kshudha is present.
37 Cha.sa.Chi.3/180 Who has desire to eat sour given with Dadima.
38 Cha.sa.Chi.3/183 Used as peya with amla in Jwaraatisara.
39 Cha.sa.Chi.3/186 Used as peya where jwara is associated with Constipation & Kostha shoola.
40 Cha.sa.Chi.3/188 Used as peya with Ghrita and Sarkara where jwara is associated with Anindra, Trushna & asweda.
41 Cha.sa.Chi.3/198 Used as kwath or sheeta kashaya for  trushna, deepana, doshapachana, jwar,aruchi  and mukhavairasya.
42 Cha.sa.Chi.3/202 Used in Trutiyaka jwara.
43 Cha.sa.Chi.3/210 Used in Sannipata jwara.
44 Cha.sa.Chi.3/211 As an ingredient of shatyadi varga used in kasa, svasa, tandra,parshvashoola, hrdgraha and sannipata jwara.
45 Cha.sa.Chi.3/223 As an ingredient of Vasadi Ghrita.
46 Cha.sa.Chi.3/236 Used as ksheerpaka in varch-mutra vibandha and sopha.
47 Cha.sa.Chi.3/237 Used as ksheerapaka in pipasa ans jwara.
48 Cha.sa.Chi.3/250 As an ingredient of Jivantyadi anuvasana basti.
49 Cha.sa.Chi.3/267 As an ingredient of Agurvadi taila.
50 Cha.sa.Chi.5/65               Ingredient in Trayushanaadi ghrit
51 Cha.sa.Chi.5/69 Ingredient of Hingusauvarchaladya ghrit
52 Cha.sa.Chi.5/71 Ingredient of Hapushadya ghrit
53 Cha.sa.Chi.5/74 Ingredient of Pippalyadya ghrit
54 Cha.sa.Chi.5/79 Ingredient of Hingvadi churna
55 Cha.sa.Chi.5/91 Ingredient of Nagaradi Yoga
56 Cha.sa.Chi.5/142 Ingredient of Dashamuli Ghrit
57 Cha.sa.Chi.5/144 Ingredient in Bhallatakadya Ghrit for Kaphaj Gulma
58 Cha.sa.Chi.5/147 Ingredient in Kshir Shatpal Ghrit
59 Cha.sa.Chi.5/156 Ingredient of Danti- Haritaki
60 Cha.sa.Chi.5/164 Pathya Diet in Gulma
61 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/61 Ingredient in Kushthaghna Yog
62 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/62 Ingredient in Patoladi Kwath
63 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/65 Ingredient in Mustadi Churna
64 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/77 Ingredient in Kanakabindurisht
65 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/85 Bahyaprayogarth lepa in mandal Kushth 
66 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/109 Ingredient in Tiktekshvadi Taila for Abhyang in Vata-Kaphaj Kushth
67 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 7/113 Ingredient in Kanakakshiri Tail
68 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 9/34 Ingredient in Hingvadi Ghrit
69 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 9/49 Ingredient in Lasunadya Ghrit
70 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 9/53 Ingredient in Apara lasunadya Ghrit
71 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 9/54 Ingredient in Apara lasunadya Ghrit
72 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 9/65 Used as Nashya and Anjan prayogarth
73 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 9/70 Ingredient in Siddharthakadi Agad
74 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 10/20 Ingredient in Mahapanchagavya Ghrit
75 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 10/43 As a Nasya dravya
76 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 10/46 Ingredient in Kayasthadi varti
77 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 10/48 Ingredient in Mustadi varti
78 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 11/35 Ingredient in Amrutprash Ghrit
79 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 11/67 Ingredient in Chaturtha Sarpigud
80 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 11/85 Ingredient in Saindhavadi Churna
81 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 11/89 Ingredient in Shadav
82 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 11/92 As a Vardhaman Rasayan Prayog
83 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/21 In treatment of Kaphaj Svayathu
84 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/22 In treatment of Kaphaj Svayathu
85 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/23 In treatment of Vataj Svayathu
86 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/23 In treatment of Vataj Svayathu
87 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/24 In treatment of Vataj Svayathu
88 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/25 In treatment of Vataj Svayathu
89 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/25 In treatment of Vataj Svayathu
90 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/27 For bhinna varch in treatment of Vataj Svayathu
91 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/27 For vibaddha varch in treatment of Vataj Svayathu
92 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/29 Ingredient in Gandiradhyarisht
93 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/41 Ingredient in Krishnadi Churna
94 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/42 Ingredient in Krishnadi Churna
95 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/42 Ingredient in Krishnadi Churna
96 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/43 Ingredient in Kshar Gudika
97 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/47 Ingredient in Gudadrak prayog
98 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/47 Ingredient in Gudadrak prayog
99 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/50 Ingredient in Kansaharitaki Avaleh
100 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/55 Ingredient in Chitrakadi Ghrit
101 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/62 As a Pathya Diet In treatment of Shvayathu
102 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/70 As a Snan dravya in Kaphaj Shvayathu
103 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 12/73 As an Unmardan dravya in Kaphaj Shvayathu
104 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthan

13/79, 13/80

In treatment of plihodara



105 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa sthan

13/84

In formulation of rohitaka ghrit
106 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana 13/102

In treatment of sannipatodara
107 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana 13/103

In treatment of kaphodara(takraprayoga)
108 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana13/104

In treatment of pleehodara(takraprayoga)
109 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana13/105

In treatment of dakodara (takraprayoga)
110 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana13/110

In treatment of udararoga (for parisheka)
111 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana13/112

In formulation of panchkola ghrit
112 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana13/115

As an ingredient of nagaradi ghrit
113 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana 13/122

After virechana (balvruddhi arthe) mixed with dugdha.
114 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana13/126

As an ingredient of narayan churna
115 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana13/137

As an ingredient of nilinadya churna
116 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana13/142

Used in sunthi sadhita jala after virechana by snuhisadhit ghrit
117 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana13/148

Kalka  used in udara roga with ksheer
118 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana13/163

As an ingredient of kshara vatika
119 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana13/153

Aadraka swarasa with godugdha
120 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana14/62

As an ingredient of traushnadi churna
121 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana14/68

Sunthi churna with sidhu used in arsha roga
122 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana 14/70

Sunthi and bilva churna are given with yavani and chitraka kashaya
123 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana14/71

Palncakola churna is given with takra
124 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana14/89

Used in peya, khada yusha, ghrit, siddhant jala
125 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana14/92

Used in yavagu
126 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana 14/97

It removes constipation with matsyandika or amlaphala rasa or guda
127 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana14/99

Used for Anuloman
128 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana 14/103

Use with phanita and goghrit
129 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana 14/104

As an ingredient of pippalyadi ghrit
130 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana 14/107

As an ingredient of cavyadighrit
131 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana 14/110

As an ingredient of nagaradya ghrit
132 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana14/129

Used as anupan in arsha
133 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana14/153

As an ingredient of dvitiya phalarista
134 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana14/186

Mixed with kutajtwak kwath it stops bleeding from arsha
135 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana 14/195

Used in rakta arsha shoola
136 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana 14/231

As an ingredient of hriberadi ghrit
137 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa

Sthana 14/234

As an ingredient of sunishanak changeri ghrit
138

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/76

Panchakola sadhit peya and Anna is given in Amaja grahani roga




139

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/82

As an ingredient of dashmuladya ghrit
140

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/87

As an ingredient of traushnaadi ghrit
141

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/88

As an ingredient of pancamuladhya ghrit evum churna
142

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/96

As an ingredient of citrakadhya gutika
143

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/98

Kalka and churna is used for aam pachana(with usnodaka)
144

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/99

Churna of this drug with combination of vaca,musta, etc. is given in aam and shoola yukta mala
145

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/103

Used in condition of shoola in kaphapittaja grahani
146

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/105

Used in kaphapittaja grahani
147

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/106

Agnivruddhiartha and for alleviating kostha gaya kayu in grahaniroga
148

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/112

Used as an
149

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/129

ingredient of yavagu
150

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/132

As an ingredient of Nagaradhya churna
151

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/137

This drug is used in treatment of pittajagrahani as an ingredient of Bhunimbadhya churna
152

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/142

As an ingredient of Kiratadhya churna (Pittaja Grahani chiktsa)
153

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/168

Used as peya padartha in Kaphaja grahani
154

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/171

Used in treatment of Kaphaja grahani
155

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/177

As an ingredient of Pipallimuladhya Kshara
156

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/189

As an ingredient of Bhallataka Kshara
157

Cha. Sa. Chi.15/89

As an ingredient of pancamuladhya ghrit evum churna
158 Cha.Sa. Chi. 16/44 As an ingredient of Dadimadi Ghrit
159 Cha.Sa. Chi. 16/66 Used in Swarnakshiradi yoga
160 Cha.Sa. Chi. 16/72 As in ingredient of mandur bhasma prayoga
161 Cha.Sa. Chi. 16/87 As in ingredient of Shilajatu Vataka
162 Cha.Sa. Chi. 16/100 As in ingredient of Dhatryavleha
163 Cha.Sa. Chi. 16/129 Used as Pathya in Shakhashrit Kamla 
164 Cha.Sa. Chi. 16/44 As an ingredient of Dadimadi Ghrit
165 Cha.Sa. Chi. 16/66 Used in Swarnakshiradi yoga
166 Cha.Sa. Chi. 16/72 As in ingredient of mandur bhasma prayoga
167 Cha.Sa. Chi. 16/87 As in ingredient of Shilajatu Vataka
168 Cha.Sa. Chi. 16/100 As in ingredient of Dhatryavleha
169 Cha.Sa. Chi. 16/129 Used as Pathya in Shakhashrit Kamla 
170 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana

17/97

Used in yusha preparation for hikka svasa
171 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana

17/100

Used in yusha preparation for hikka svasa
172 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana

17/102

Used in yavagu preparation for hikka svasa
173 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana

17/104

Used as annapana for hikka svasa
174 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana

17/109

As an ingredient of sauvarchaladi churna
175 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana

17/110

Kalka is used in hikka svasa
176 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana

17/111

Used in preparation of Utkarika.
177 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana

17/123

As an ingredient of satyadi churna.
178 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana

17/130

Churna mixed with guda is used for prashana and nasya
179 Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana

17/136

Used as lehya.
180 Cha.sa.chi.18/112 Use as an ingredient of kataphaladi kwath.
181 Cha.sa.chi.18/114 Use as an ingredient of pathadi kalka.
182 Cha.sa.chi.18/36 As a ghrita dravya
183 Cha.sa.chi.18/47 As a yoga dravya
184

Cha.sa.chi.18/49

As a yoga dravya

185

Cha.sa.chi.18/63

As a yoga dravya
186

Cha.sa.chi.18/74  

As an ingredient of dhumapan yoga.
187 Cha.sa.chi.18/77 As an ingredient of peya yoga.
188 Cha.sa.chi.18/99 Use in treatment of pittaj kasa.
189 Cha.sa.chi.18/106 As an ingredient of sarkaradi yoga.
190 Cha.sa.chi.18/115 As an ingredient of nagaradi yoga.
191 Cha.sa.chi.18/118 As an ingredient of yoga which use in vataanubandhi kapha.
192 Cha.sa.chi.18/122 Use in vataj and kaphaj kasa.
193 Cha.sa.chi.18/146 As an ingredient of manahsiladi dhoom.
194 Cha.sa.chi.18/159 As an ingredient of dwipanchamuladi ghrita.
195 Cha.sa.chi.18/161 As an ingredient of guduchyadi ghrita.
196 Cha.sa.chi.18/163 As an ingredient of kasamaryadi ghrita.
197 Cha.sa.chi.18/87 As a yoga dravya in treatmen of pittaj kasa
198 Cha.sa.chi.18/120 As a yoga dravya.
199

Cha.sa.chi.19/20

As a pramthya dravya

200 Cha.sa.chi.19/26 As a Ingridient of dipaniya and sangrahi gana
201 Cha.sa.chi.19/37 As a prakshep dravya
202 Cha.sa.chi.19/40 As a yoga dravya in treatment of purisha kshaya.
203 Cha.sa.chi.19/43 As an ingredient of changeri ghrita
204 Cha.sa.chi.19/53 As a yoga dravya in pittaj atisara.
205 Cha.sa.chi.19/54 As a yoga dravya in pittaj atisara.
206 Cha.sa.chi.19/107 As a yoga dravya in ajajyadi churna.
207 Cha.sa.chi.19/108 As a yoga dravya in rasanjanadi churna.
208 Cha.sa.chi.19/109 As a yoga dravya.
209 Cha.sa.chi.19/110 As a yoga dravya.
210 Cha.sa.chi.19/111 As a yoga dravya
211 Cha.chi.19/54 As a yoga dravya in treatment of pittaj atisara
212 Cha.sa.chi.19/22 As a amapachak dravya
213 Cha.chi.19/80 As a ingredient of darvyadi ghrita .
214 Cha.chi.19/104 As a kwath dravya
215

Cha.chi.19/114

As a yoga dravya

216 Cha.Sa.Chi.21/58 For kashaya pana.
217 Cha.Sa.Chi.23/189 Used in the treatment of Kapha pradhana visha, as a pratisarana prayoga.
218 Cha.Sa.Chi.23/205 Used in the treatment of Mushika visha.
219 Cha.Sa.Chi.23/209 Used in the treatment of vrushchika visha.
220 Cha.sa.Chi.26/13 Used to make Udavarta varti.
221 Cha.sa.Chi.26/22 As an ingredient of 2nd Dviruttarahingvadi churna.
222 Cha.sa.Chi.26/55 As an ingredient of Vyoshadi churn used in Kaphaja mutrakruchhra.
223 Cha.sa.Chi.26/60 As an ingredient of Pashanbhedadi  churna.
224 Cha.sa.Chi.26/83 As an ingredient of Haritakyadi Ghrita.
225 Cha.sa.Chi.26/84 Used in Vataja Hrudroga.
226 Cha.sa.Chi.26/85 As an ingredient of Pushkarmuladi yoga.
227 Cha.sa.Chi.26/87 As an ingredient of Trushanadi Ghrita.
228 Cha.sa.Chi.26/94 As an ingredient of Kasherukadi Ghrita.
229 Cha.sa.Chi.26/97 As an ingredient of Katphaladi kashaya used in kaphaja hrudroga.
230 Cha.sa.Chi.26/97 Used in kaphaja hrudroga.
231 Cha.sa.Chi.26/98 As an ingredient of Udumbaravleha.
232 Cha.sa.Chi.26/144 Used as shruta paya in kaphaja pratishyaya.
233 Cha.sa.Chi.26/150 Used in Kaphaja Pratishyaya.
234 Cha.sa.Chi.26/152 Used in Kaphaja Pratishyaya for pradhamana.
235 Cha.sa.Chi.26/156 Pathya anna in kaphaja pratishyaya.
236 Cha.sa.Chi.26/186 Used in Kaphaja Siroroga for Avapeeda nasya.
237 Cha.sa.Chi.26/192 As an ingredient of Kshara gutika.
238 Cha.sa.Chi.26/194 As an ingredient of Kalak churna.
239 Cha.sa.Chi.26/198 As an ingredient of Mrudvikadi churna.
240 Cha.sa.Chi.26/217 Used in Kavala in Arochaka.
241 Cha.sa.Chi.26/222 Used in Hingvadi taila in Karnapoorana.
242 Cha.sa.Chi.26/223 Used in Devadarvyadi taila in Karnashoola.
243 Cha.sa.Chi.26/226 As an ingredient of Kshara taila.
244 Cha.sa.Chi.26/232 Used in Vataja netra roga.
245 Cha.sa.Chi.26/239 Used in Kaphaja netra roga for Aaschotana karma.
246 Cha.sa.Chi.26/242 As an ingredient of Saindhavadi varti.
247 Cha.sa.Chi.26/252 As an ingredient of Sukhavati varti.
248 Cha.sa.Chi.26/287 Used in Kaphaja swarbheda.
249 Cha.Sa.Chi.22/45 As an ingredient of Saindhavadi Taila
250 Cha.Sa.Chi.22/47 As an ingredient of Ashtakatvar Taila
251 Ca.Sa.Chi.27/52 As an ingredient of Tarkaryadi Parisechana
252 Cha.Sa.Chi.28/122 As an ingredient of Chitrakadi ghrita.
253 Cha.Sa.Chi.28/137 As an ingredient of Mulaka taila.
254 Cha.Sa.Chi.28/168 As an ingredient of Mulakadhya taila.
255 Cha.Sa.Chi.28/172 As an ingredient of Mulaka taila.
256 Cha.Sa.Chi.28/147 As an ingredient of Shvdamstra taila.
257 Cha.Sa.Chi.30/89 Used in the treatment of Vataja Asrigdara.
258 Cha.Sa.Chi.30/261 As a paniya yoga, in the treatment of Stanya dosha.
259 Cha.Sa.Chi.30/266 Used in the treatment of Phena sanghat.
260 Cha.Sa.Chi.30/266 Used in the treatment of Phena sanghat, As an ingredient of Anjanadi lepa.
261 Cha.Sa.Chi.30/277 Used in the treatment of Pichhila stanya.
262 Cha.Sa.Chi.30/280 Used in the treatment of Gaurava stanya dosha, as an ingredient of Pippalyadi kwatha.
263 Cha.Sa.Chi.30/92 As an ingredient of Pushyanuga churna.
264 Cha.Sa.Chi.30/267 Used in the treatment of Phena sanghat, As an ingredient of Kiratatiktadi kwatha.

Ayurvedic pharmacological properties

Properties
Sr.no. Pharmacological criteria Properties
1 Taste (rasa) Pungent (katu)
2 Potency (veerya) Hot (ushna)
3 Post digestion effect (vipaka) Sweet (madhura)
4 Qualities (guna) Heavy (guru), Rough (ruksha), Sharp (tikshna)
5 Actions (karma) Pacify Vata and Kapha

Current availability

Available

Current researches

This article is under development ..