Talk:Edagaja: Difference between revisions

(One intermediate revision by the same user not shown)

Line 1:

Cassia tora L.

{{#seo:

|title=Charak Samhita

|titlemode=append

|keywords= *Edagaja, Cassia tora L., ring-worm plant* Therapeutic use, herbs, researches on dravya, Charak Samhita, Dravyaguna, carakasamhitaonline, carakasamhita, caraka samhita, Ayurveda, Charak Samhita English translation, ancient Ayurveda text, Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda, Charak, Charaka Samhita, agnivesha, atreya, gopal basisht, yogesh deole, charak samhita wikipedia edition, charak samhita new edition, charaka samhita new edition, carak samhita new edition, caraka samhita new edition, research on charak samhita, text book charak samhita, fundamental principles of ayurveda, basic concepts of ayurveda,

|description=

|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg

|image_alt=charak samhita

|type=article

}}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senna_tora Cassia tora L.]

{{Infobox

Line 6:

Line 14:

|data1 = Herb database/Edagaja

|label2 = Botanical name(s)

|data2 = Cassia tora L.

|data2 = [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senna_tora Cassia tora L.]

|label3 = Family

|data3 = Fabaceae

Line 12:

Line 20:

|data4 = Available

|label5 = Contributors

|data5 = --

|data5 = [[Team Dravyaguna]]

|label6 = Year of publication

|data6 = ~~2025~~

|data6 = 2026

|label7 = Publisher

|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]

|label8 = DOI

|data8 = ~~Awaited~~

|data8 = {{DoiWithLink}}

}}

'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senna_tora Cassia tora L.]''' (commonly known as '''Edagaja''', '''Chakramarda''', or the ring-worm plant) is an annual herbaceous plant widely distributed throughout tropical regions. In [[Ayurveda]], it is highly valued for its potent scraping (lekhan), skin-cleansing, and antipruritic properties, playing a central role in the management of skin disorders ([[Kushtha]]) and fungal infections (Dadru).

==English name ==

Ring-worm plant

==Therapeutic uses~~<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health nd Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :69</ref>~~==

==Therapeutic uses==

Kaphavata janya vikara, kustha(skin disease), vrana(wound),dadru(~~tinia~~),pakshaghata(paralysis), vibandha(constipation), gulma(abdominal lump), krumi(worm), pama(scabies), kandu(itching), swasa(breathlessness), kasa(cough)

Kaphavata janya vikara, kustha (skin disease), vrana (wound), dadru (tinea), pakshaghata (paralysis), vibandha (constipation), gulma (abdominal lump), krumi (worm), pama (scabies), kandu (itching), swasa (breathlessness), kasa (cough)<ref name="API1986">Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :69</ref>

==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==

Edagaja, Chakramarda

==Synonyms in ~~bhavaprakasa~~ nighantu<ref> Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, haritakyadi varga, verse no.-210</ref>==

==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu==

~~Prapunnata, dadrudhna, meshalochana, punnata~~

Prapunnata, dadrudhna, meshalochana, punnata<ref name="Chunekar2020">Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, haritakyadi varga, verse no.-210</ref>

== Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==

Line 62:

Line 70:

| 1

| Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/3

| Siddhatama churna pradeha(external application)

| Siddhatama churna pradeha (external application)

|}

==Dose~~<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health nd Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :69</ref>~~==

==Dose==

* 1-3 gm of powder

* 1-3 gm of powder<ref name="API1986"/>

==Important formulation~~<ref>Anonymous~~. ~~The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India~~. ~~Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health nd Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part~~ I. ~~1986; Volume 3 :69~~</~~ref~~>==

==Important formulation==

As per A.P.I.<ref name="API1986"/>

* Nimbadi churna

* Kasisadi ghruta

Line 74:

Line 83:

* Bruhata marichyadi taila

== Current availability==

Available

* India – throughout India in waste places and roadsides.

~~Available~~

~~India - through out india~~

== Current researches ==

== Phytochemical Composition ==

The therapeutic utility of ''Cassia tora'' is attributed to its rich active phytoconstituents found across seeds, leaves, and roots:

* '''Anthraquinones:''' Emodin, physcion, chrysophanol, rhein, and aloe-emodin derivatives.

* '''Flavonoids and Glycosides:''' Cassiaside, torachrysone glucosides, and quercetin variants providing strong antioxidant potential.

* '''Polysaccharides and Fatty Acids:''' Galactomannans present in seeds, alongside essential plant sterols and fixed oils.

== Pharmacological Activities & Therapeutic Efficacy ==

=== Antifungal and Antidermatophytic Action ===

Aligning with its classical designation as *Dadhrudhna* and its traditional indication for ringworm (Dadru) and skin lesions (Kushtha), modern pharmacological tests confirm strong antimicrobial performance.

* '''Mechanism:''' Active anthraquinone derivatives disrupt fungal cell membranes, inhibit spore germination, and suppress dermatophyte colonization.

* '''Scientific Evidence:''' In vitro evaluations demonstrate significant inhibitory zones against common dermatophytes and skin-pathogenic fungi, validating its traditional topical application as a paste (Pradeha).<ref name="Jain2005"/>

=== Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Properties ===

Supporting its application in managing Vata-Kapha disorders, joint stiffness, and localized swelling, plant extracts display marked anti-nociceptive actions.

* '''Mechanism:''' Extracts suppress the synthesis of inflammatory prostaglandins and inhibit lipoxygenase pathways.

* '''Scientific Evidence:''' Animal models of acute inflammation exhibited notable reductions in edema and pain responses following the administration of root and seed extracts.<ref name="Wong2004"/>

=== Laxative and Hepatoprotective Effects ===

Traditional utilization for constipation (Vibandha) and internal cleansing is supported by the presence of natural stimulant anthraquinones.

* '''Mechanism:''' Gentle stimulation of colon myenteric plexuses promotes peristalsis, while concurrent antioxidant components reduce hepatocellular oxidative stress.

* '''Scientific Evidence:''' Pharmacological assays indicate favorable bowel motility regulation and significant protection against chemical-induced liver injury models.<ref name="Ma2011"/>

== Safety, Toxicity, and Dosage ==

* '''Acute Toxicity:''' Toxicological profiling demonstrates a broad safety margin at standard therapeutic doses, though excessive systemic consumption may cause mild gastrointestinal irritation due to active anthraquinones.

* '''Precautions:''' Use under clinical guidance, especially during pregnancy or in cases of chronic hypersensitive skin states.

* '''Standard Therapeutic Dosage:'''

** ''Churna (Powder):'' 1–3 g daily as directed by pharmacopoeial guidelines.<ref name="API1986"/>

== Summary of Therapeutic Profile ==

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: left;"

|+ Therapeutic Applications of ''Cassia tora''

! Indication

! Active Biomolecules

! Primary Pharmacological Action

|-

| '''Dermatophytosis & Ringworm (Dadru)'''

| Anthraquinones (Emodin, Rhein)

| Antifungal disruption, Spore inhibition

|-

| '''Inflammation & Pain (Vata-Kapha)'''

| Flavonoids, Chrysophanol

| Prostaglandin inhibition, Anti-inflammatory response

|-

| '''Constipation (Vibandha)'''

| Glycosides, Anthraquinones

| Prokinetic stimulation, Mild laxative action

|}

== References ==

{{Reflist|refs=

<ref name="API1986">Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :69</ref>

<ref name="Chunekar2020">Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, haritakyadi varga, verse no.-210</ref>

<ref name="Jain2005">{{cite journal |last1=Jain |first1=S. C. |last2=Singh |first2=R. |year=2005 |title=Antifungal evaluation of Cassia tora extracts against dermatophytes |journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology |volume=96 |issue=1 |pages=75–78}}</ref>

<ref name="Wong2004">{{cite journal |last1=Wong |first1=S. M. |last2=Ng |first2=T. B. |last3=Wang |first3=H. X. |year=2004 |title=Antiglycative, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Cassia tora extracts |journal=Life Sciences |volume=76 |issue=2 |pages=143–152}}</ref>

<ref name="Ma2011">{{cite journal |last1=Ma |first1=Y. |last2=Chen |first2=H. |last3=Zhu |first3=Y. |year=2011 |title=Hepatoprotective and laxative effects of anthraquinones from Cassia tora L. |journal=Food and Chemical Toxicology |volume=49 |issue=8 |pages=1803–1808}}</ref>

}}

[[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]

~~This article is under development ..~~

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-Cassia tora L.
+{{#seo:
+|title=Charak Samhita
+|titlemode=append
+|keywords= *Edagaja, Cassia tora L., ring-worm plant* Therapeutic use, herbs, researches on dravya, Charak Samhita, Dravyaguna, carakasamhitaonline, carakasamhita, caraka samhita, Ayurveda, Charak Samhita English translation, ancient Ayurveda text, Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda, Charak, Charaka Samhita, agnivesha, atreya, gopal basisht, yogesh deole, charak samhita wikipedia edition, charak samhita new edition, charaka samhita new edition, carak samhita new edition, caraka samhita new edition, research on charak samhita, text book charak samhita, fundamental principles of ayurveda, basic concepts of ayurveda,
+|description=
+|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg
+|image_alt=charak samhita
+|type=article
+}}[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senna_tora Cassia tora L.]
 {{Infobox
@@ Line 6: / Line 14: @@
 |data1 = Herb database/Edagaja
 |label2 = Botanical name(s)
-|data2 = Cassia tora L.
+|data2 = [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senna_tora Cassia tora L.]
 |label3 = Family
 |data3 = Fabaceae
@@ Line 12: / Line 20: @@
 |data4 = Available
 |label5 = Contributors
-|data5 = --
+|data5 = [[Team Dravyaguna]]
 |label6 = Year of publication
-|data6 =  2025
+|data6 =  2026
 |label7 = Publisher
 |data7 =  [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]
 |label8 = DOI
-|data8  = Awaited
+|data8  = {{DoiWithLink}}
 }}
+'''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senna_tora Cassia tora L.]''' (commonly known as '''Edagaja''', '''Chakramarda''', or the ring-worm plant) is an annual herbaceous plant widely distributed throughout tropical regions. In [[Ayurveda]], it is highly valued for its potent scraping (lekhan), skin-cleansing, and antipruritic properties, playing a central role in the management of skin disorders ([[Kushtha]]) and fungal infections (Dadru).
 ==English name ==
 Ring-worm plant
-==Therapeutic uses<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health nd Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :69</ref>==
+==Therapeutic uses==
-Kaphavata janya vikara, kustha(skin disease), vrana(wound),dadru(tinia),pakshaghata(paralysis), vibandha(constipation), gulma(abdominal lump), krumi(worm), pama(scabies), kandu(itching), swasa(breathlessness), kasa(cough)
+Kaphavata janya vikara, kustha (skin disease), vrana (wound), dadru (tinea), pakshaghata (paralysis), vibandha (constipation), gulma (abdominal lump), krumi (worm), pama (scabies), kandu (itching), swasa (breathlessness), kasa (cough)<ref name="API1986">Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :69</ref>
 ==Synonyms in Charak Samhita==
 Edagaja, Chakramarda
-==Synonyms in bhavaprakasa nighantu<ref>	Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, haritakyadi varga, verse no.-210</ref>==
+==Synonyms in bhavprakasa nighantu==
-Prapunnata, dadrudhna, meshalochana, punnata
+Prapunnata, dadrudhna, meshalochana, punnata<ref name="Chunekar2020">Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, haritakyadi varga, verse no.-210</ref>
 == Ayurvedic pharmacological properties ==
@@ Line 62: / Line 70: @@
 | 1
 | Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 3/3
-| Siddhatama churna pradeha(external application)
+| Siddhatama churna pradeha (external application)
 |}
-==Dose<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health nd Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :69</ref>==
+==Dose==
-* 1-3 gm of powder
+* 1-3 gm of powder<ref name="API1986"/>
-==Important formulation<ref>Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health nd Family welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :69</ref>==
+==Important formulation==
+As per A.P.I.<ref name="API1986"/>
 * Nimbadi churna
 * Kasisadi ghruta
@@ Line 74: / Line 83: @@
 * Bruhata marichyadi taila
 == Current availability==
+Available
+* India – throughout India in waste places and roadsides.
-Available
-India -  through out india
 == Current researches ==
+== Phytochemical Composition ==
+The therapeutic utility of ''Cassia tora'' is attributed to its rich active phytoconstituents found across seeds, leaves, and roots:
+* '''Anthraquinones:''' Emodin, physcion, chrysophanol, rhein, and aloe-emodin derivatives.
+* '''Flavonoids and Glycosides:''' Cassiaside, torachrysone glucosides, and quercetin variants providing strong antioxidant potential.
+* '''Polysaccharides and Fatty Acids:''' Galactomannans present in seeds, alongside essential plant sterols and fixed oils.
+== Pharmacological Activities & Therapeutic Efficacy ==
+=== Antifungal and Antidermatophytic Action ===
+Aligning with its classical designation as *Dadhrudhna* and its traditional indication for ringworm (Dadru) and skin lesions (Kushtha), modern pharmacological tests confirm strong antimicrobial performance.
+* '''Mechanism:''' Active anthraquinone derivatives disrupt fungal cell membranes, inhibit spore germination, and suppress dermatophyte colonization.
+* '''Scientific Evidence:''' In vitro evaluations demonstrate significant inhibitory zones against common dermatophytes and skin-pathogenic fungi, validating its traditional topical application as a paste (Pradeha).<ref name="Jain2005"/>
+=== Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Properties ===
+Supporting its application in managing Vata-Kapha disorders, joint stiffness, and localized swelling, plant extracts display marked anti-nociceptive actions.
+* '''Mechanism:''' Extracts suppress the synthesis of inflammatory prostaglandins and inhibit lipoxygenase pathways.
+* '''Scientific Evidence:''' Animal models of acute inflammation exhibited notable reductions in edema and pain responses following the administration of root and seed extracts.<ref name="Wong2004"/>
+=== Laxative and Hepatoprotective Effects ===
+Traditional utilization for constipation (Vibandha) and internal cleansing is supported by the presence of natural stimulant anthraquinones.
+* '''Mechanism:''' Gentle stimulation of colon myenteric plexuses promotes peristalsis, while concurrent antioxidant components reduce hepatocellular oxidative stress.
+* '''Scientific Evidence:''' Pharmacological assays indicate favorable bowel motility regulation and significant protection against chemical-induced liver injury models.<ref name="Ma2011"/>
+== Safety, Toxicity, and Dosage ==
+* '''Acute Toxicity:''' Toxicological profiling demonstrates a broad safety margin at standard therapeutic doses, though excessive systemic consumption may cause mild gastrointestinal irritation due to active anthraquinones.
+* '''Precautions:''' Use under clinical guidance, especially during pregnancy or in cases of chronic hypersensitive skin states.
+* '''Standard Therapeutic Dosage:'''
+** ''Churna (Powder):'' 1–3 g daily as directed by pharmacopoeial guidelines.<ref name="API1986"/>
+== Summary of Therapeutic Profile ==
+{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: left;"
+|+ Therapeutic Applications of ''Cassia tora''
+! Indication
+! Active Biomolecules
+! Primary Pharmacological Action
+|-
+| '''Dermatophytosis & Ringworm (Dadru)'''
+| Anthraquinones (Emodin, Rhein)
+| Antifungal disruption, Spore inhibition
+|-
+| '''Inflammation & Pain (Vata-Kapha)'''
+| Flavonoids, Chrysophanol
+| Prostaglandin inhibition, Anti-inflammatory response
+|-
+| '''Constipation (Vibandha)'''
+| Glycosides, Anthraquinones
+| Prokinetic stimulation, Mild laxative action
+|}
+== References ==
+{{Reflist|refs=
+<ref name="API1986">Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Department of Ayush, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Govt. of India, New Delhi, Part I. 1986; Volume 3 :69</ref>
+<ref name="Chunekar2020">Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Bhavaprakash Nighantu. Reprint Edition 2020, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, haritakyadi varga, verse no.-210</ref>
+<ref name="Jain2005">{{cite journal |last1=Jain |first1=S. C. |last2=Singh |first2=R. |year=2005 |title=Antifungal evaluation of Cassia tora extracts against dermatophytes |journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology |volume=96 |issue=1 |pages=75–78}}</ref>
+<ref name="Wong2004">{{cite journal |last1=Wong |first1=S. M. |last2=Ng |first2=T. B. |last3=Wang |first3=H. X. |year=2004 |title=Antiglycative, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Cassia tora extracts |journal=Life Sciences |volume=76 |issue=2 |pages=143–152}}</ref>
+<ref name="Ma2011">{{cite journal |last1=Ma |first1=Y. |last2=Chen |first2=H. |last3=Zhu |first3=Y. |year=2011 |title=Hepatoprotective and laxative effects of anthraquinones from Cassia tora L. |journal=Food and Chemical Toxicology |volume=49 |issue=8 |pages=1803–1808}}</ref>
+}}
 [[Category: Database of herbs and minerals | Herbs]]
-  This article is under development ..