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=== Introduction ===

=== Introduction ===

The twenty first chapter is named ‘Visarpacikitsitaṁ’ The term visarpa has two parts viz., ‘vi’ and ‘sarpa’, ‘vi’ stands for ‘vividha’ meaning ‘various’ (ways) and ‘sarpa’ stands for ‘sarpan’ means ‘spreading’.  Erythematous, pustular, glandular etc. lesions which spread rapidly in localised or generalised pattern are known as visarpa (Cha.Chi. Chakrapani 21/11). This aliment is also called ‘parisarpa’. The prefix ‘pari’ stands for ‘paritah’ or ‘sarvatah’ meaning all over. The disease which spreads all over the body is called visarpa. (Cha.Chi. Chakrapani 21/11) This indicates that visarpa is an umbrella term used for acute spreading disorders caused due to vitiation of rakta.  

The twenty first chapter is named [[Visarpa Chikitsa]]. The term ''visarpa'' has two parts viz., ''vi'' and ''sarpa''- ''vi'' stands for ''vividha'' meaning ‘various’ (ways) and ''sarpa'' stands for ''sarpan'' means ‘spreading’.  Erythematous, pustular, glandular etc. lesions which spread rapidly in localized or generalized pattern are known as ''visarpa'' (Cha.Chi. Chakrapani 21/11). This aliment is also called ''parisarpa''. The prefix ''pari'' stands for ''paritah'' or ''sarvatah'' meaning all over. The disease which spreads all over the body is called ''visarpa''. (Cha.Chi. Chakrapani 21/11) This indicates that ''visarpa'' is an umbrella term used for acute spreading disorders caused due to vitiation of ''rakta''.  

In this chapter Atreyaḥ answers the queries about visarpa derivation, synonyms, classification, dosha, dushya, aetiology, habitat, gradation, symptoms, complications, prognosis and treatment of curable ones. The chapter follows that of ‘Chhardi chikitsitaṁ’ because suppression of chhardi (vomiting) causes rakta dushti (vitiation of blood) leading to visarpa indicating that rakta (blood) vitiating factors and vitiation of rakta is an important basic underlying phenomenon prior to the visarpa.

 

In this chapter Atreya answers the queries about ''visarpa'' derivation, synonyms, classification, ''dosha, dushya,'' etiology, habitat, gradation, symptoms, complications, prognosis and treatment of curable ones. The chapter follows that of [[Chhardi Chikitsa]] because suppression of ''chhardi'' (vomiting) causes ''rakta dushti'' (vitiation of blood) leading to visarpa indicating that rakta (blood) vitiating factors and vitiation of rakta is an important basic underlying phenomenon prior to the visarpa.

Visarpa is acute, spreading and fatal in nature leading to death if not treated promptly. On location basis this is classified into bahih-śrita (externally situated), antah-śrita (internally situated) and ubhayasṁśrita (all over situated). Bahih-śrita visarpa is fulminant, spreading skin and flesh infection with symptoms and signs of inflammatory edema, blisters, ulcers, fever, pain etc. and is curable. Antah-śrita visarpa involves internal vital organs with mild septicaemia and is curable before complications. Ubhayasaṁśrita visarpa has advanced manifestations of both types spreading all over body with severe septicaemia and is fatal.

Visarpa is acute, spreading and fatal in nature leading to death if not treated promptly. On location basis this is classified into bahih-śrita (externally situated), antah-śrita (internally situated) and ubhayasṁśrita (all over situated). Bahih-śrita visarpa is fulminant, spreading skin and flesh infection with symptoms and signs of inflammatory edema, blisters, ulcers, fever, pain etc. and is curable. Antah-śrita visarpa involves internal vital organs with mild septicaemia and is curable before complications. Ubhayasaṁśrita visarpa has advanced manifestations of both types spreading all over body with severe septicaemia and is fatal.

Visarpa never occurs without association of rakta and pitta, hence general treatment of visarpa is described by considering rakta and pitta vitiation. Specific treatments are described by considering particular dosha involvement.  

Visarpa never occurs without association of rakta and pitta, hence general treatment of visarpa is described by considering rakta and pitta vitiation. Specific treatments are described by considering particular dosha involvement.