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→Characteristics
! Reference
! Reference
|-
|-
|rowspan="2"| 1.
|rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"| 1.
|rowspan="2"| Charak
|rowspan="2"| Charak
| Considers chintya (explainable) and achintya (unexplainable) veerya.
| Considers chintya (explainable) and achintya (unexplainable) veerya.
| Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana.26/65
| Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana.26/65
|-
|-
| 2.
| style="text-align: center;"| 2.
| Sushruta
| Sushruta
| Denoted veerya as the generator of a drug action
| Denoted veerya as the generator of a drug action
| Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana.40/3
| Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana.40/3
|-
|-
| 3.
| style="text-align: center;"| 3.
| Dalhana
| Dalhana
| Karma (action) that cannot be performed by dravya, rasa, guna, or vipaka is veerya. Veerya is activity potential or karyashakti of dravya.
| Karma (action) that cannot be performed by dravya, rasa, guna, or vipaka is veerya. Veerya is activity potential or karyashakti of dravya.
| Dalhana on Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana.40/3
| Dalhana on Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana.40/3
|-
|-
|rowspan="2"| 4.
|rowspan="2" style="text-align: center;"| 4.
|rowspan="2"| Chakrapani
|rowspan="2"| Chakrapani
| The term veerya is meant for all rasa, guna, vipaka, or prabhava of a dravya
| The term veerya is meant for all rasa, guna, vipaka, or prabhava of a dravya
| Chakrapani on Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana.40/5
| Chakrapani on Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana.40/5
|-
|-
| 5.
| style="text-align: center;"| 5.
| Arundatta
| Arundatta
| The prominence of ushna guna will lead to development of ushna veerya, while sheeta guna prominence results in sheeta veerya.
| The prominence of ushna guna will lead to development of ushna veerya, while sheeta guna prominence results in sheeta veerya.
| Arundatta on A.H. Sutra Sthana.1/17
| Arundatta on A.H. Sutra Sthana.1/17
|-
|-
| 6.
| style="text-align: center;"| 6.
| Hemadri
| Hemadri
| The digestion and metabolism (kayagnipaka) leads to the development of eight guna, amongst which sheeta and ushna are considered the most dominant termed as ushna and sheeta veerya. It is termed as shakti arising from the transformation of guna.
| The digestion and metabolism (kayagnipaka) leads to the development of eight guna, amongst which sheeta and ushna are considered the most dominant termed as ushna and sheeta veerya. It is termed as shakti arising from the transformation of guna.
| Hemadri on A.H. Sutra Sthana.1/17
| Hemadri on A.H. Sutra Sthana.1/17
|-
|-
| 7.
| style="text-align: center;"| 7.
| Shivdas Sen
| Shivdas Sen
| Veerya is the the most supreme and nectar part (atishaya sara bhaga) of the panchamahabhuta, further dividing it into chintya and achintya.
| Veerya is the the most supreme and nectar part (atishaya sara bhaga) of the panchamahabhuta, further dividing it into chintya and achintya.
| Shivadas Sen on Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana.40/5
| Shivadas Sen on Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana.40/5
|-
|-
| 8.
| style="text-align: center;"| 8.
| Bhavamishra
| Bhavamishra
| Bhavamishra has clearly differentiated the veerya from prabhava. He quotes the prabhava as shakti of the drug.
| Bhavamishra has clearly differentiated the veerya from prabhava. He quotes the prabhava as shakti of the drug.
| Bhavamisra, Bhavaprakasha with commentary by Dr Bulusu Sitaram, Mishra-Prakarana, Poorvakhanda, Shloka Number 161, Volume 1, Reprinted 2015, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Varanasi Page No. 117
| Bhavamisra, Bhavaprakasha with commentary by Dr Bulusu Sitaram, Mishra-Prakarana, Poorvakhanda, Shloka Number 161, Volume 1, Reprinted 2015, Chaukhamba Orientalia, Varanasi Page No. 117
|-
|-
| 9.
| style="text-align: center;"| 9.
| Acharya Yadavji Trikamji
| Acharya Yadavji Trikamji
| Interprets veerya as the active principle of the drug.<ref name="ref6">Acharya Yadavaji Trikamji, DravyaGuna Vidnyanam, Poorvardha, Published by Nirnay Sagar Press, Bombay Page no 249-277</ref>
| Interprets veerya as the active principle of the drug.<ref name="ref6">Acharya Yadavaji Trikamji, DravyaGuna Vidnyanam, Poorvardha, Published by Nirnay Sagar Press, Bombay Page no 249-277</ref>
| Acharya Yadavaji Trikamji, DravyaGuna Vidnyanam, Poorvardha,Published by Nirnay Sagar Press, Bombay Page no 249-277
| Acharya Yadavaji Trikamji, DravyaGuna Vidnyanam, Poorvardha,Published by Nirnay Sagar Press, Bombay Page no 249-277
|-
|-
| 10.
| style="text-align: center;"| 10.
| Prof P.V.Sharma
| Prof P.V.Sharma
| The active principle is also a dravya and veerya being a type of guna cannot be equated with active principle
| The active principle is also a dravya and veerya being a type of guna cannot be equated with active principle
| PV Sharma, DravyaGuna vijnana, Vol I, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, Edition year 2013, Page no 263-278
| PV Sharma, DravyaGuna vijnana, Vol I, Chaukhambha Bharti Academy, Varanasi, Edition year 2013, Page no 263-278
|-
|-
| 11. 13.
| style="text-align: center;"| 11. 13.
| Prof. C. Dwarkanath
| Prof. C. Dwarkanath
| The term veerya conveys the idea of energy. The energy of a body is its capacity for doing work and the measure of energy is work. Energy may be potential or kinetic,<sup>2</sup> where the sheeta veerya can be considered as potential energy, while ushna veerya as kinetic energy.
| The term veerya conveys the idea of energy. The energy of a body is its capacity for doing work and the measure of energy is work. Energy may be potential or kinetic,<sup>2</sup> where the sheeta veerya can be considered as potential energy, while ushna veerya as kinetic energy.
[[File:Veerya.jpg|center|forms of veerya]]
[[File:Veerya.jpg|center|forms of veerya]]
</p>
</p>
== Types of veerya ==
== Types of veerya ==
<p style='text-align:justify;'>Charak and Sushruta Samhita mention the eight types (ashtavidha) and two types (dwividha veerya) of veerya. However, emphasis is given on the two types (dwividha veerya) [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 26/64, Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 40/5]. Other types can be considered as chintya-achintya and sahaja-kritama as mentioned in the previous point.</p>
<p style='text-align:justify;'>Charak and Sushruta Samhita mention the eight types (ashtavidha) and two types (dwividha veerya) of veerya. However, emphasis is given on the two types (dwividha veerya) [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 26/64, Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 40/5]. Other types can be considered as chintya-achintya and sahaja-kritama as mentioned in the previous point.</p>