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Veerya can lead to the variation in actions (karma) of two dravya having similar rasa or vipaka. It is also observed that in exceptional cases, veerya may not be following rasa.<sup>2</sup> Thus, there are few exceptions to the rules mentioned above, as given in the table below. [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 26/48-49]
Veerya can lead to the variation in actions (karma) of two dravya having similar rasa or vipaka. It is also observed that in exceptional cases, veerya may not be following rasa.<sup>2</sup> Thus, there are few exceptions to the rules mentioned above, as given in the table below. [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 26/48-49]
</p>
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Table: Exceptions to generalized rule for determination of veerya
! Dravya
! Rasa
! Veerya
|-
| Anupa mamsa
| Madhura
| Ushna
|-
| Amalaki (~Emblica officinalis)
| Amla
| Sheeta
|-
| Saindhava lavana (~common salt)
| Lavana
| Anushna
|-
| Guduchi (~ Tinospora cordifolia)
| Tikta
| Ushna
|-
| Maha panchamoola
| Kashaya, Tikta
| Ushna
|-
|}
Thus the dravya whose rasa- vipaka- veerya are following the panchamahabhuta prominence and follow the general rule are termed as ‘Samana pratyayarabdha dravya’. That dravya which have contrasting or opposing rasa vipaka veerya are termed as ‘Vichitra pratyayarabhdha dravya’. [Arundatta on A.H. Sutra Sthana 9/27-28] The peculiar action performed by dravya irrespective of its rasa-vipaka- veerya is termed as prabhava. [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 26/67] This helps differentiate the veerya from prabhava and exceptions to the general action of veerya. </p>
== Superiority of veerya ==
<p style='text-align:justify;'>Principles of drug action in ayurveda can be summarized in case of equality of strength. Vipaka overpowers rasa, veerya overpowers rasa. Vipaka and prabhava are considered to be competitive among all these three. [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana .26/68-72] [A.H. Sutra Sthana 9/25] These factors act by overpowering and defeating one another. For instance, the hot potency (ushna veerya) of buffalo meat (mahisha mamsa) dominates the sweet taste and sweet post-digestive effect leading to the vitiation of pitta dosha. [Arundatta on A.H. Sutra Sthana 9/25] When there is a combination of antagonistic characteristics (viruddha guna), the dominant factor will overpower the weak one (Bhuyasa Alpam Avajiyate) [Cha.Sa.Vimana Sthana 1/14] For instance, the guru, snigdha guna of milk (ksheera) dominates over its sheeta veerya resulting in vata shamana. [Arundatta on A.H. Sutra Sthana 9/24] </p>
== Reasons for superiority of veerya: [Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 40/5] ==
<ol style='text-align:justify;' type="a">
<li style="font-weight:bold">Pharmaco therapeutic actions (aushadhakarma karaka): <br/><span style="font-weight:normal">The actions of drugs are brought about by their potency.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight:bold">Overpowering taste (rasabhibhava): <br/><span style="font-weight:normal">Veerya suppresses the action of rasa and performs its own function owing to its overpowering property. <sup>2</sup> Examples are as below:
<ol><li>Brihat Panchamoola (Bilva- Aegle marmelos , Agnimanth- Premna mucronata var. latifolia, Shyonak- Oroxylum indicum, Kashmari- Gmelina arborea, Patala- Stereospermum suaveolens) of tikta rasa alleviate vata due to their ushna veerya.</li>
<li>Kulaththa (Dolicos biflorus) (kashaya rasa) and palandu (katu rasa) also alleviate vata due to snigdha veerya.</li>
<li>Ikshu (Saccharum officinarum), though has madhura rasa, increases vata due to sheeta veerya.</li>
<li>Kakamachi (Solanum nigrum) (tikta rasa), matsya (madhura) increase pitta due to their ushna veerya.</li>
<li>Moolaka (Raphanus sativus) (katu) increases kapha due to its snigdha veerya.</li>
<li>Kapiththa (Limonia accidissima) (amla rasa) and madhu (madhura) alleviate kapha due to their ruksha veerya.</li>
<li>If vata dosha alleviating rasa (madhura–amla–lavana) possess ruksha–laghu–sheeta guna, they do not pacify vata.</li>
<li>If pitta dosha alleviating rasa (kashaya–tikta–madhura) possess teekshna–ushna laghu gunas, they do not pacify pitta.</li>
<li>If the kapha dosha alleviating rasa (katu–tikta–kashaya) possess snigdha–guru–sheeta guna, they cannot pacify kapha.</li></ol></span></li>
<li style="font-weight:bold">Authenticity or authoritative statement (agama): <br/><span style="font-weight:normal">The Acharya or Aapta consider veerya as the most superior principle of drug action (Rasa Vaisheshika). Hence it should be considered as supreme amongst all according to agama Pramana (authoritative statement).</span></li>
These are the probable reasons given for the superiority of the veerya over rasadi panchaka. We can imply these into clinical practices, for establishment of veerya of an extra-pharmacopeia drug.</ol>
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