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{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Upamana pramana
|title=Upamana pramana
|titlemode=append
|titlemode=append
|keywords=carakasamhitaonline, charak samhita, caraka samhita, ayurved, Upamana pramana, Upamana pramana in ayurveda, Upamana pramana meaning, Trividha Roga Vishesha Vijnaniya Vimana, evidence, proof in ayurveda, first hand experience, analogy, learning by examples, ancient system of education, Ayurveda, Indian systems of medicine
|keywords=carakasamhitaonline, charak samhita, caraka samhita, ayurved, Upamana pramana, Upamana pramana in ayurveda, Upamana pramana meaning, Trividha Roga Vishesha Vijnaniya Vimana, evidence, proof in ayurveda, first hand experience, analogy, learning by examples, ancient system of education, Ayurveda, Indian systems of medicine, Bhojani M. K., Joglekar A. A., Deole Y.S., Basisht Gopal
|description= Upamana pramana is acquiring knowledge with some analogous examples or similar known descriptions.
|description= Upamana pramana is acquiring knowledge with some analogous examples or similar known descriptions.
|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg
|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg
|type=article
|type=article
}}
}}
<p style="text-align:justify;">Upamana pramana is acquiring knowledge with some analogous examples or similar known descriptions. It is the source of our knowledge regarding the relationship between names and things to be named. Upamana is assimilative knowledge. The base of knowledge is the resemblance or similarities and dissimilarities between two objects and their comparison to obtaining knowledge about unknown phenomena. Sushruta explained this as a separate tool for learning. [Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana. 1/16]<ref name= Susruta> Sushruta. Sushruta Samhita. Edited by Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005.</ref> Other ancient scholars like Vaisheshika, Sankhya, Yoga, Jain, Bauddha included this [[pramana]] under [[anumana pramana]]. It has immense utility in the field of medicine. The present article describes applications of analogy in nomenclature, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases.
Upamana pramana is acquiring knowledge with some analogous examples or similar known descriptions. It is the source of our knowledge regarding the relationship between names and things to be named. Upamana is assimilative knowledge. The base of knowledge is the resemblance or similarities and dissimilarities between two objects and their comparison to obtaining knowledge about unknown phenomena. Sushruta explained this as a separate tool for learning. [Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana. 1/16]<ref name= Susruta> Sushruta. Sushruta Samhita. Edited by Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005.</ref> Other ancient scholars like Vaisheshika, Sankhya, Yoga, Jain, Bauddha included this [[pramana]] under [[anumana pramana]]. It has immense utility in the field of medicine. The present article describes applications of analogy in nomenclature, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases.
</p>
{{Infobox
{{Infobox
|label3 = Reviewer
|label3 = Reviewer
|data3 = Basisht G.<sup>3</sup>
|data3 = [[Gopal Basisht|Basisht G.]]<sup>3</sup>
|label4 = Editors
|label4 = Editor
|data4 = Deole Y.S.<sup>4</sup>, Basisht G.<sup>3</sup>
|data4 = [[Yogesh Deole|Deole Y.S.]]<sup>4</sup>
|label5 = Affiliations
|label5 = Affiliations
<sup>2</sup>Department of Samhita Siddhant, All India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi
<sup>2</sup>Department of Samhita Siddhant, All India Institute of Ayurveda, New Delhi
<sup>3</sup> [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Development Centre]], I.T.R.A., Jamnagar, India
<sup>3</sup> Rheumatologist, Orlando, Florida, U.S.A.
<sup>4</sup> Department of Kayachikitsa, G.J.Patel Institute of Ayurvedic Studies and Research, New Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
<sup>4</sup> Department of Kayachikitsa, G.J.Patel Institute of Ayurvedic Studies and Research, New Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
carakasamhita@gmail.com
carakasamhita@gmail.com
|label7 = Date of first publication:
|label7 = Publisher
|data7 = April 28, 2022
|data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Development Centre]], I.T.R.A., Jamnagar, India
|label8 = DOI
|label8 = Date of first publication:
|data8 = under process
|data8 = April 28, 2022
|label9 = DOI
|data9 = 10.47468/CSNE.2022.e01.s09.094
}}
}}
| | Embryo (garbha) as a resultant of multiple factors || house (kutagara), chariot ||Just as many objects are involved in the construction of houses and chariots, embryo (garbha) is the resultant of multiple factors || [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 3/14]
| | Embryo (garbha) as a resultant of multiple factors || house (kutagara), chariot ||Just as many objects are involved in the construction of houses and chariots, embryo (garbha) is the resultant of multiple factors || [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 3/14]
|-
|-
| | Description of mental constitution (manas prakriti) || Brahma sattva, sarpasattva, vanaspatya sattva ||The determinants of manas prakriti are based on the examples like snake (sarpa) , tree (vanaspatya) || [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 4/36]
| | Description of mental constitution ([[manas prakriti]]) || Brahma sattva, sarpasattva, vanaspatya sattva ||The determinants of [[manas prakriti]] are based on the examples like snake (sarpa) , tree (vanaspatya) || [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 4/36]
|-
|-
| | Appearance of organs of foetus (garbhaavayaya)|| palms of new-born similar to shape of tortoise (kurmakara hasta) ||In a healthy infant, the palms of the new-born should be shaped like a turtle. || [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/51]
| | Appearance of organs of foetus (garbhaavayaya)|| palms of new-born similar to shape of tortoise (kurmakara hasta) ||In a healthy infant, the palms of the new-born should be shaped like a turtle. || [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 8/51]
#Trupti Arun Jadhav and Rajendra K. Patil mentioned the inputs of upamanapramana in understanding Sandhi Shareera.<ref>Jadhav DTA, Patil DRK. A Critical Review on Sandhi Sharir with special reference to Upamana Pramana. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences. 2020 Oct 31;5(05):386–95.</ref>
#Trupti Arun Jadhav and Rajendra K. Patil mentioned the inputs of upamanapramana in understanding Sandhi Shareera.<ref>Jadhav DTA, Patil DRK. A Critical Review on Sandhi Sharir with special reference to Upamana Pramana. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences. 2020 Oct 31;5(05):386–95.</ref>
#Bhaskar Jha elaborated the philosophical aspects of upamana pramana in obtaining appropriate knowledge considering the nyaya philosophy.<ref>Jha DB. A critical study about the Nyaya theory of prama and pramanas. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) , Volume 20, Issue 11, Ver. I (Nov. 2015) PP 30-32</ref>
#Bhaskar Jha elaborated the philosophical aspects of upamana pramana in obtaining appropriate knowledge considering the nyaya philosophy.<ref>Jha DB. A critical study about the Nyaya theory of prama and pramanas. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-JHSS) , Volume 20, Issue 11, Ver. I (Nov. 2015) PP 30-32</ref>
#Phule S. et. al. explains the importance of upamana pramana in understanding physiological concepts like [[prakriti]] and saarata according to [[Ayurveda]].<ref>Phule SP, Ghate US, Patil GB. Application of Upamana Pramana (Analogy) to interpret concept of Prakriti and Dhatu Sarata: a Review. Int J Res Ayurveda Pharm. 2020 Oct 30;11(5):165–70.</ref>
#Phule S. et. al. explains the importance of upamana pramana in understanding physiological concepts like [[prakriti]] and saarata according to [[Ayurveda]].<ref>Phule SP, Ghate US, Patil GB. Application of Upamana Pramana (Analogy) to interpret concept of [[Prakriti]] and [[Dhatu]] [[Sara]]ta: a Review. Int J Res Ayurveda Pharm. 2020 Oct 30;11(5):165–70.</ref>
#Sharma C, Bharadwaj S. explained the role of upamanapramana as an essential component in comprehension, application, and synthesis of knowledge of the learning of Ayurveda sciences and its application in the postgraduate competitive examinations in the letter to the editor.<ref>Sharma C, Bhardwaj S. “All India AYUSH post graduation entrance exam - Right method to choose the right minds for Ayurveda?” J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2020;11(2):197–8.</ref>
#Sharma C, Bharadwaj S. explained the role of upamanapramana as an essential component in comprehension, application, and synthesis of knowledge of the learning of Ayurveda sciences and its application in the postgraduate competitive examinations in the letter to the editor.<ref>Sharma C, Bhardwaj S. “All India AYUSH post graduation entrance exam - Right method to choose the right minds for Ayurveda?” J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2020;11(2):197–8.</ref>
#Jha C et. al. explored the utility of upamana in the development of gadgets concerning biological mechanisms using the basis of upamana pramana.<ref>Bhattacharya B, Jha C. Ayurveda as Experiential Science: The Concept of Bio-Electronic Gadgets. International Journal of Research in Marketing. 2016 Jul 1;2:124.</ref>
#Jha C et. al. explored the utility of upamana in the development of gadgets concerning biological mechanisms using the basis of upamana pramana.<ref>Bhattacharya B, Jha C. Ayurveda as Experiential Science: The Concept of Bio-Electronic Gadgets. International Journal of Research in Marketing. 2016 Jul 1;2:124.</ref>
==Related chapters==
==Related chapters==
[[Tistraishaniya Adhyaya]], [[Rogabhishagjitiya Vimana]], [[Pramana]], [[Pratyaksha pramana]], [[Anumana pramana]],[[Aaptopadesha pramana]],[[Yukti pramana]]
[[Tistraishaniya Adhyaya]], [[Rogabhishagjitiya Vimana]], [[Trividha Roga Vishesha Vijnaniya Vimana Adhyaya]], [[Pramana]], [[Pratyaksha pramana]], [[Anumana pramana]],[[Aaptopadesha pramana]], [[Yukti pramana]], [[Apamarga Tanduliya Adhyaya]], [[Concepts and Contemporary Practices]], [[Naveganadharaniya Adhyaya]]
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