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Vyana vayu helps in the excretion of sweat from the body. Conduction of sweat from the root of the hair, opening of the skin pores and help in the excretion of sweat, all these functions belong to vyana vayu. [A.Sa.Sutra Sthana 20/6]<ref name= Sangraha> Vridha Vagbhata, Ashtanga Sangraha. Edited by Shivaprasad Sharma. 3rd ed. Varanasi: Chaukhamba sanskrit series office;2012.</ref>
Vyana vayu helps in the excretion of sweat from the body. Conduction of sweat from the root of the hair, opening of the skin pores and help in the excretion of sweat, all these functions belong to vyana vayu. [A.Sa.Sutra Sthana 20/6]<ref name= Sangraha> Vridha Vagbhata, Ashtanga Sangraha. Edited by Shivaprasad Sharma. 3rd ed. Varanasi: Chaukhamba sanskrit series office;2012.</ref>
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==Functions of sweda==
Sweda controls body temperature by way of expelling excess water and toxins, cools the body, moistens skin & hair and carries excess fat from the body and purification of the blood. Maintaining moisture (kledavidhruti) is the main function. [A.Hr.Sutra Sthana 11/4]<ref name=Hridaya/> Proper functioning of hair follicles (kesha vidhruti or roma-avlambana) is added. [Arunadatta on A.Hr.Sutra Sthana 11/4)<ref name=Hridaya/>. Moistness of skin ([[kleda]] or kledana) and softness of skin (twak saukumarya) are the main functions of sweda. [Su.Sa.Sutra Sthana 15/4]<ref name=Susruta/>
*It keeps the skin and hair moist, delicate, smooth & maintain the integrity of skin.
*It helps to maintain water balance in the body.
*It helps in maintenance of body temperature
*It prevents different vatika disorders
*It also excretes the various kind of toxins from the body
==Swedavaha srotas==
The sites of origin of channels carrying sweda (swedavaha strotas) are adipose tissue ([[meda dhatu]]) and hair follicles (romakoopa). This is reflected in the characteristics of vitiation of medavaha srotasa like absence of perspiration, excessive perspiration, roughness or excessive smoothness of the body, generalized burning sensation, and horripilation.[Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 5/8] Sweda is carried and excreted through eight obliquely spread vessels (tiryakadhamani).[Su.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 9/8]<ref name=Susruta/>
'''Causes of vitiation''' (swedavahasrotodushtinidana):
These channels get vitiated due to excessive exercise, exposure to excess heat, indulgence in heat and cold things without following the prescribed order, anger, grief and fear.[Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 5/22]
'''Symptoms of excessive sweating (swedavriddhilakshana/atiswedalakshana):'''
#Foul smell or excessive body odour (daurgandhya)
#Itching (kandu)
#Excess sweating (atisweda)
[Su.Sa.Sutra Sthana.15/15]<ref name=Susruta/> [A.Hr.Sutra Sthana 11/14]<ref name=Hridaya/>
'''Symptoms of reduced sweating (swedakshayalakshana):'''
#Contracted sweat gland and ducts, stiffness and obstruction of hair follicles (stabdharomakoopta)
#Dryness of skin, cracking of skin (twak paripatana) and skin disorders (twak dosha)
#Altered tactile sensation (sparshavaigunya)
#Lack of sweat or absent sweat (swedanasha)
#Scaling of skin (twaksphootana)
#Falling of body hair (romachyuti)
[A.Hr.Sutra Sthana 11/22]<ref name=Hridaya/>, [Su.Sa.Sutra Sthana 15/15]<ref name=Susruta/>, [A.Sa.Sutra Sthana 19/11]<ref name=Sangraha/>
'''Treatment:'''
In the above conditions, oil bath and oil massage ([[abhyanga]]) and fomentation ([[swedana]]) are the methods of treatment.
'''Sweda and pitta prakriti:'''
Excess sweating (swedaadhikya)is a characteristic of [[pitta]] [[prakriti]] individual. [Su.Sa.Sharira Sthana 4/68]
'''Sweda and [[pitta dosha]] relationship:'''
There is a close or concomitant relation between [[pitta dosha]] and sweda. [A.Hr.Sutra Sthana 11/26-29]<ref name=Hridaya/> This indicates the anatomical and physiological relation between two components. These possess similar causes of vitiation, similar line of management, similar pattern of disease affliction. Thus, the line of management of [[pitta]] ailments is in concordance with the management of sweda related disorders. As both the entities i.e. sweda and [[pitta]] are related with the component of heat in the body (ushma), these are related closely like [[pitta dosha]] takes abode of sweda (ashraya- ashrayisambandha).
==Physiology of sweat==
Sweat is a clear, watery and salty liquid produced by the sweat glands present in the skin. Sweat is mainly produced in noticeable amounts under the arm, feet and palms. When it comes in contact with the bacteria on skin, it can cause a smell. Regular bathing and use of antiperspirants or deodorant can help to control odor. In extreme conditions or during heavy exercise, large quantities of sweat is produced. It proves to be a great method of thermoregulation as long as humidity in surrounding atmosphere is relatively low. Stimulation of anterior hypothalamus-preoptic area is responsible for the action of sweating. The impulses from this area are transmitted in the autonomic pathways to the cord and then through the sympathetic outflow to the skin and elsewhere in the body. The volume of sweat produced and expelled every day is generally about 100ml/day and may vary from person to person. The water loss through sweat may increase upto 1-2 L/hour in case of exercise or extremely hot weather.<ref>Baker LB. Physiology of sweat gland function: The roles of sweating and sweat composition in human health. Temperature (Austin). 2019 Jul 17;6(3):211–59.</ref>
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