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|title=Sutra Sthana

|title=Sutra Sthana

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|keywords=Sutra Sthana, Preamble of Sutra Sthana, Bheshaja Chatushka, Swastha Chatushka, Nirdesha Chatushka, Kalpana Chatushka, Roga Chatushka, Yojana Chatushka, Annapana Chatushka, Sangraha Adhyaya,  

|keywords=Sutra Sthana, Preamble of Sutra Sthana, Bheshaja Chatushka, Swastha Chatushka, Nirdesha Chatushka, Kalpana Chatushka, Roga Chatushka, Yojana Chatushka, Annapana Chatushka, Sangraha Adhyaya, Ayurveda, fundamental principles of Ayurveda, Indian Systems of medicine, alternative medicine, Charak Samhita, chapters of Sutra Sthana

|description=Sutra Sthana is the first section dealing with fundamental principles of Ayurveda.

|description=Sutra Sthana is the first section dealing with fundamental principles of Ayurveda.

|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg

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{{Infobox

{{Infobox

|title = [[Charak Samhita]] Sutra Sthana-Preamble

|title = [[Charak Samhita]] Sutra Sthana-Preamble

|data5 = Dwivedi R.B.

|data5 = Dwivedi R.B.

|label6 = Reviewer  

|label6 = Reviewer  

|data6  = Basisht G.

|data6  = [[Gopal Basisht|Basisht G.]]

|label7 = Editors  

|label7 = Editors  

|data7  = Deole Y. S.,Basisht G.

|data7  = [[Yogesh Deole|Deole Y. S.]], [[Gopal Basisht|Basisht G.]]

|label8 = Year of publication  

|label8 = Year of publication  

|data8 = 2020

|data8 = 2020

}}

}}

'''<big>Preamble of Sutra Sthana (Section on Fundamental Principles)</big>'''

'''<big>Preamble of Sutra Sthana ([[Section on Fundamental Principles]])</big>'''

<p style="text-align:justify;">Sutra Sthana is the first section dealing with fundamental principles of [[Ayurveda]].The [[Sutra Sthana]] (Section on fundamental principles) deserves the same place as the head deserves in the human body.[Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]30/45] This important section lays the foundation for the whole Samhita by describing the basic principles. The word ''Sutra'' literally means a short sentence which has deep meaning. The name of section suggests that it is a chain of important principles in concise form.  Besides the fundamental principles, this section also establishes various technical terms that are used in subsequent sections of the samhita. This helps in providing a base to not just [[Ayurveda]] practitioners, but also to teachers, researchers, and scholars.  

<div style="text-align:justify;">Sutra Sthana is the first section dealing with fundamental principles of [[Ayurveda]].The [[Sutra Sthana]] (Section on fundamental principles) deserves the same place as the head deserves in the human body.[Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]30/45] This important section lays the foundation for the whole Samhita by describing the basic principles. The word ''Sutra'' literally means a short sentence which has deep meaning. The name of section suggests that it is a chain of important principles in concise form.  Besides the fundamental principles, this section also establishes various technical terms that are used in subsequent sections of the samhita. This helps in providing a base to not just [[Ayurveda]] practitioners, but also to teachers, researchers, and scholars.  

 

From the standpoint of its structure, the Sutra Sthana consists of thirty chapters, grouped into eight logical contexts. The first seven ''Chatushkas'' (or tetrads, i.e., groups of four), while the last one is a a group of two chapters (sangrahadvaya). </p>

From the standpoint of its structure, the Sutra Sthana consists of thirty chapters, grouped into eight logical contexts. The first seven ''Chatushkas'' (or tetrads, i.e., groups of four), while the last one is a a group of two chapters (sangrahadvaya).

===Bheshaja Chatushka (four chapters on medicines)===

===Bheshaja Chatushka (four chapters on medicines)===

The first tetrad is also known as ''Bheshaja'' or the ''Aushadha''(medicine) ''Chatushka''. This tetrad deals with various medicines to be used in various forms either externally or internally.  

The first tetrad is also known as ''Bheshaja'' or the ''Aushadha''(medicine) ''Chatushka''. This tetrad deals with various medicines to be used in various forms either externally or internally.  

* The first chapter [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya]], explains important concepts such as [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya#Three Sharira Dosha and two Manas Dosha|''Tridosha'' (''Vata, Pitta and Kapha'')]], [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya#Rasa (taste sensations)|''Rasa''(taste)]], [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya#Six Basic Principles for direct knowledge|''Shad padartha siddhanta'' (six basic principles)]], etc. which are integral to [[Ayurveda]] and used extensively throughout [[Charak Samhita]]. Besides these technical terms, the first chapter describes various medicines, like ''Phalini Dravya'' (therapeutically useful fruits as drugs), ''Moolini Dravya''(therapeutically useful roots as drugs), ''Mahasneha'' (four kinds of fats), ''Lavana''(salts), various types of ''mutra''(urine) and ''ksheera''(milk). The chapter emphasizes on the rational use of medications, since indiscriminate use of even good medicines can cause more harm than good. The chapter then goes on to explain the important concept of ''Trisutra'' (three principles of [[Ayurveda]]) i.e. ''hetu'' (causes), ''linga''(signs and symptoms) and ''aushadha'' (medicine).  

* The first chapter [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya]], explains important concepts such as [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya#Three Sharira Dosha and two Manas Dosha|''Tridosha'' (''Vata, Pitta and Kapha'')]], [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya#Rasa (taste sensations)|''Rasa''(taste)]], [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya#Six Basic Principles for direct knowledge|''Shad padartha siddhanta'' (six basic principles)]], etc. which are integral to [[Ayurveda]] and used extensively throughout [[Charak Samhita]]. Besides these technical terms, the first chapter describes various medicines, like ''Phalini Dravya'' (therapeutically useful fruits as drugs), ''Moolini Dravya''(therapeutically useful roots as drugs), ''Mahasneha'' (four kinds of fats), ''Lavana''(salts), various types of ''mutra''(urine) and ''ksheera''(milk). The chapter emphasizes on the rational use of medications, since indiscriminate use of even good medicines can cause more harm than good. The chapter then goes on to explain the important concept of ''Trisutra'' (three principles of [[Ayurveda]]) i.e. [[hetu]] (causes), ''linga''(signs and symptoms) and ''aushadha'' (medicine).  

* The second chapter ([[Apamarga Tanduliya Adhyaya]]) deals specifically with herbs and medicines to be used during and after [[Panchakarma]] (five methods of bio-purification). Thus, the first two chapters of this tetrad describe various medicines to be used internally.  

* The second chapter ([[Apamarga Tanduliya Adhyaya]]) deals specifically with herbs and medicines to be used during and after [[Panchakarma]] (five methods of bio-purification). Thus, the first two chapters of this tetrad describe various medicines to be used internally.  

* The third chapter ([[Aragvadhiya Adhyaya]]) advocates the use of topical medications, or medicines to be applied externally, i.e.,''lepa'' etc.  

* The third chapter ([[Aragvadhiya Adhyaya]]) advocates the use of topical medications, or medicines to be applied externally, i.e.,''lepa'' etc.  

===Kalpana Chatushka (four chapters on therapeutic purification procedures)===  

===Kalpana Chatushka (four chapters on therapeutic purification procedures)===  

The next tetrad, ''Kalpanachatushka'', deals with the application of medicines in the form of various therapeutic purification procedures either in healthy or in diseased individuals. ''Shodhana'' (bio-purification procedures) is an important concept of [[Ayurveda]] prescribed for removal of toxic wastes from the body. To prepare the patient for bio-purification, he has to go through specific pre-shodhana procedures, such as ''[[snehana]]''(internal application of ''sneha'' (fat)) and ''[[swedana]]''(sweating), to mobilize toxic wastes within the body and excrete them out of the body.   

The next tetrad, ''Kalpanachatushka'', deals with the application of medicines in the form of various therapeutic purification procedures either in healthy or in diseased individuals. ''Shodhana'' (bio-purification procedures) is an important concept of [[Ayurveda]] prescribed for removal of toxic wastes from the body. To prepare the patient for bio-purification, he has to go through specific pre-shodhana procedures, such as [[snehana]](internal application of ''sneha'' (fat)) and [[swedana]](sweating), to mobilize toxic wastes within the body and excrete them out of the body.   

* The first chapter, [[Snehadhyaya]], provides the guidelines for proper use of ''sneha''(lipids) either for ''shodhana'' or for ''shamana'' (to appease/palliation) purposes. A patient who has successfully completed the ''[[snehana]]'' procedure is now subjected to ''[[swedana]]'' procedure.  

* The first chapter, [[Snehadhyaya]], provides the guidelines for proper use of ''sneha''(lipids) either for ''shodhana'' or for ''shamana'' (to appease/palliation) purposes. A patient who has successfully completed the ''[[snehana]]'' procedure is now subjected to ''[[swedana]]'' procedure.  

* The next chapter, [[Swedadhyaya]], explains the various types of ''[[swedana]]''(fomentation) recommended for various diseases. ''[[Snehana]]'' and ''[[swedana]]'' help the toxins to move towards the gut from where they will be expelled out of the body either through ''[[vamana]]''(therapeutic emesis) or ''[[virechana]]''(therapeutic purgation).  

* The next chapter, [[Swedadhyaya]], explains the various types of [[swedana]](fomentation) recommended for various diseases. [[Snehana]] and [[swedana]] help the toxins to move towards the gut from where they will be expelled out of the body either through [[vamana]](therapeutic emesis) or [[virechana]](therapeutic purgation).  

* The next chapter, [[Upakalpaniya]], emphasizes on how a physician should be well equipped before administering any ''shodhana'' procedure to any of the patients. This chapter provides the outline for a fully equipped hospital and standard ''[[vamana]]'' and ''[[virechana]]'' procedures.  

* The next chapter, [[Upakalpaniya]], emphasizes on how a physician should be well equipped before administering any ''shodhana'' procedure to any of the patients. This chapter provides the outline for a fully equipped hospital and standard [[vamana]] and [[virechana]] procedures.  

* The last chapter of this tetrad, [[Chikitsaprabhritiya]], depicts the importance of ''shodhana'' over ''shamana'' therapy. The details of properly / improperly administered ''shodhana'' procedures are discussed here. Important concepts like ''shuddha chikitsa'' (pure form of treatment)and ''svabhavoparamavada''(theory of natural destruction) etc. have also been described in this chapter.

* The last chapter of this tetrad, [[Chikitsaprabhritiya]], depicts the importance of ''shodhana'' over ''shamana'' therapy. The details of properly / improperly administered ''shodhana'' procedures are discussed here. Important concepts like ''shuddha chikitsa'' (pure form of treatment)and ''svabhavoparamavada''(theory of natural destruction) etc. have also been described in this chapter.

=== All abstracts ===

=== All abstracts ===

The new learners of Sutra sthana can read all abstracts of chapters of this section on [[Abstracts – Sutra Sthana]] page.

The new learners of Sutra sthana can read all abstracts of chapters of this section on [[Abstracts – Sutra Sthana]] page.  

 

    

    

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