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Sutra Sthana is the first section dealing with fundamental principles of [[Ayurveda]].
{{Infobox
{{Infobox
|title = [[Charak Samhita]] Sutra Sthana
|title = [[Charak Samhita]] Sutra Sthana
|label6 = ''Bheshaja Chatushka''
|label6 = ''Bheshaja Chatushka''
|data6 = [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya]], [[Apamarga Tanduliya Adhyaya]], [[Aragvadhiya Adhyaya]], [[Shadvirechanashatashritiya Adhyaya]]
|data6 = 1. [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya]], 2.[[Apamarga Tanduliya Adhyaya]], 3. [[Aragvadhiya Adhyaya]], 4. [[Shadvirechanashatashritiya Adhyaya]]
|label7 = ''Swastha Chatushka''
|label7 = ''Swastha Chatushka''
|data7 = [[Matrashiteeya]], [[Tasyashiteeya]], [[Naveganadharaniya]], [[Indriyopakramaniya]]
|data7 = 5. [[Matrashiteeya Adhyaya]], 6. [[Tasyashiteeya Adhyaya]], 7. [[Naveganadharaniya Adhyaya]], 8. [[Indriyopakramaniya Adhyaya]]
|label8 = ''Nirdesha Chatushka''
|label8 = ''Nirdesha Chatushka''
|data8 = [[Khuddakachatushpada]], [[Mahachatushpada]], [[Tistraishaniya]], [[Vatakalakaliya]]
|data8 = 9. [[Khuddakachatushpada Adhyaya]], 10. [[Mahachatushpada Adhyaya]], 11. [[Tistraishaniya Adhyaya]], 12. [[Vatakalakaliya Adhyaya]]
|label9 = ''Kalpana Chatushka''
|label9 = ''Kalpana Chatushka''
|data9 = [[Snehadhyaya]], [[Swedadhyaya]], [[Upakalpaniya]], [[Chikitsaprabhritiya]]
|data9 = 13. [[Snehadhyaya]], 14. [[Swedadhyaya]], 15. [[Upakalpaniya Adhyaya]], 16. [[Chikitsaprabhritiya Adhyaya]]
|label10 = ''Roga Chatushka''
|label10 = ''Roga Chatushka''
|data10 = [[Kiyanta Shiraseeya]], [[Trishothiya]], [[Ashtodariya]], [[Maharoga]]
|data10 = 17. [[Kiyanta Shiraseeya Adhyaya]], 18. [[Trishothiya Adhyaya]], 19. [[Ashtodariya Adhyaya]], 20. [[Maharoga Adhyaya]]
|label11 = ''Yojana Chatushka''
|label11 = ''Yojana Chatushka''
|data11 = [[Ashtauninditiya]], [[Langhanabrimhaniya]], [[Santarpaniya]], [[Vidhishonitiya]]
|data11 = 21. [[Ashtauninditiya Adhyaya]], 22. [[Langhanabrimhaniya Adhyaya]], 23. [[Santarpaniya Adhyaya]], 24. [[Vidhishonitiya Adhyaya]]
|label12 = ''Annapana Chatushka''
|label12 = ''Annapana Chatushka''
|data12 = [[Yajjah Purushiya]], [[Atreyabhadrakapyiya]], [[Annapanavidhi Adhyaya]], [[Vividhashitapitiya]]
|data12 = 25. [[Yajjah Purushiya Adhyaya]], 26. [[Atreyabhadrakapyiya Adhyaya]], 27. [[Annapanavidhi Adhyaya]], 28. [[Vividhashitapitiya Adhyaya]]
|label13 = ''Sangrahadvaya''
|label13 = ''Sangrahadvaya''
|data13 = [[Dashapranayataneeya]], [[Arthedashmahamooliya]]
|data13 = 29. [[Dashapranayataneeya Adhyaya]], 30. [[Arthedashmahamooliya Adhyaya]]
}}
}}
The first tetrad is also known as ''Bheshaja'' or the ''Aushadha''(medicine) ''Chatushka''. This tetrad deals with various medicines to be used in various forms either externally or internally.
The first tetrad is also known as ''Bheshaja'' or the ''Aushadha''(medicine) ''Chatushka''. This tetrad deals with various medicines to be used in various forms either externally or internally.
* The first chapter [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya]], explains important concepts such as [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya#Three Sharira Dosha and two Manas Dosha|''Tridosha'' (''Vata, Pitta and Kapha'')]], [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya#Rasa (taste sensations)|''Rasa''(taste)]], [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya#Six Basic Principles for direct knowledge|''Shat siddhanta'' (six basic principles)]], etc. which are integral to Ayurveda and used extensively throughout [[Charak Samhita]]. Besides these technical terms, the first chapter describes various medicines, like ''Phalini Dravya'' (therapeutically useful fruits as drugs), ''Moolini Dravya''(therapeutically useful roots as drugs), ''Mahasneha'' (four kinds of fats), ''Lavana''(salts), various types of ''mutra''(urine) and ''ksheera''(milk). The chapter emphasizes on the rational use of medications, since indiscriminate use of even good medicines can cause more harm than good. The chapter then goes on to explain the important concept of ''Trisutra'' (three principles of Ayurveda) i.e. ''hetu'' (causes), ''linga''(signs and symptoms) and ''aushadha'' (medicine).
* The first chapter [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya]], explains important concepts such as [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya#Three Sharira Dosha and two Manas Dosha|''Tridosha'' (''Vata, Pitta and Kapha'')]], [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya#Rasa (taste sensations)|''Rasa''(taste)]], [[Deerghanjiviteeya Adhyaya#Six Basic Principles for direct knowledge|''Shat siddhanta'' (six basic principles)]], etc. which are integral to Ayurveda and used extensively throughout [[Charak Samhita]]. Besides these technical terms, the first chapter describes various medicines, like ''Phalini Dravya'' (therapeutically useful fruits as drugs), ''Moolini Dravya''(therapeutically useful roots as drugs), ''Mahasneha'' (four kinds of fats), ''Lavana''(salts), various types of ''mutra''(urine) and ''ksheera''(milk). The chapter emphasizes on the rational use of medications, since indiscriminate use of even good medicines can cause more harm than good. The chapter then goes on to explain the important concept of ''Trisutra'' (three principles of Ayurveda) i.e. ''hetu'' (causes), ''linga''(signs and symptoms) and ''aushadha'' (medicine).
* The second chapter ([[Apamarga Tanduliya Adhyaya]]) deals specifically with herbs and medicines to be used during and after Panchakarma (five methods of bio-purification). Thus, the first two chapters of this tetrad describe various medicines to be used internally.
* The second chapter ([[Apamarga Tanduliya Adhyaya]]) deals specifically with herbs and medicines to be used during and after [[Panchakarma]] (five methods of bio-purification). Thus, the first two chapters of this tetrad describe various medicines to be used internally.
* The third chapter ([[Aragvadhiya Adhyaya]]) advocates the use of topical medications, or medicines to be applied externally, i.e.,''lepa'' etc.
* The third chapter ([[Aragvadhiya Adhyaya]]) advocates the use of topical medications, or medicines to be applied externally, i.e.,''lepa'' etc.
* The fourth chapter ([[Shadvirechanashatashritiya Adhyaya]]) provides details of fifty ''Mahakashaya''(or five classes of groups of ten medicines, and six hundred evacuatives) to be used in various diseases. Overall, this ''Chatushka'' provides a list of drugs to be used in various forms in a variety of diseases.
* The fourth chapter ([[Shadvirechanashatashritiya Adhyaya]]) provides details of fifty ''Mahakashaya''(or five classes of groups of ten medicines, and six hundred evacuatives) to be used in various diseases. Overall, this ''Chatushka'' provides a list of drugs to be used in various forms in a variety of diseases.
Like in most sections, the [[Sutra Sthana]] also reads as a free-flow text, with each chapter linked logically with the preceding and succeeding chapters in some way.
Like in most sections, the [[Sutra Sthana]] also reads as a free-flow text, with each chapter linked logically with the preceding and succeeding chapters in some way.
===Researches===
Following research theses are conducted on Sutra Sthana in general and other topics in particular.
'''Researches on Chatushka in Sutra Sthana:'''
#Madhymati Dhamale, The study of Yojana Catuska of Caraka and Yojana for the management of Raktasrita Vyadhi (Hypertension). 2001. M.D. Thesis. I.P.G.T.R.A., Jamnagar
#Dandavate B.D., A comparative study of the sutrasthanam of Caraka Samhita. Ph.D. Thesis. Pune
#Mallika K.J. Critical study of Svastha-Chatushka of Charaka w.s.r. to biophysical and biochemical changes in Ritu Sandhi. 2002. M.D. Thesis. I.P.G.T.R.A., Jamnagar
#Hiten Vaja. Study of Roga-Chatushka of Charaka w.s.r. to “Trividha Bodhya Sangraha”.2002. M.D. Thesis. I.P.G.T.R.A., Jamnagar
#Meera Bhojani. Study of Nirdesha-Chatushka of Charaka and applied aspect of Trayo-Roga Marga. 2003. M.D. Thesis. I.P.G.T.R.A., Jamnagar
#Anuradha Agarwal. Study of Kalpana-Chatushka and its applied aspect of Aushadha Matra in relation to Aturabala. 2004. M.D. Thesis. I.P.G.T.R.A., Jamnagar
#Sangeeta More.Conceptual and critical study of Bheshaja Catushka w.s.r. to Agnidipana. 2009. M.D. Thesis. I.P.G.T.R.A., Jamnagar
# Santosh Mane.Study on Sangraha Dwaya of Charaka and assessment of the effect of Hridya Aushadhi on Oja-Kshaya.2004. M.D. Thesis. I.P.G.T.R.A., Jamnagar
'''Researches on Specific concepts in Sutra Sthana:'''
# Mayur Kulkarni. Concept of Dhatu-Pradoshaja Vikaras in Brihattrayee with the principle of management in Rakta-Pradoshaja Vikaras.2003. M.D. Thesis. I.P.G.T.R.A., Jamnagar
# Parvani Indrakumar.A conceptual and applied study of Viruddha Ahara with particular reference to Eka-Kushtha. 2003. M.D. Thesis. I.P.G.T.R.A., Jamnagar
# Bhavna Pandya.Charaka Samhita Ke Ashtau Ninditiya Adhyay Ka Saidhantika Va Samikshanatmak Adhyayan Evam Atikrisha Mein Brimhanopaya. 2003. M.D. Thesis. I.P.G.T.R.A., Jamnagar
# Ami Rajani.Critical study of “Vividhasitapitiya Adhyaya” w.s.r. to principle of Management in Rasapradosaja Vikar. 2009. M.D. Thesis. I.P.G.T.R.A., Jamnagar
#S.M. Angadi. Rogamarga Ka Nidana Cikitsatmaka Adhyayana (Madhyama Roga Marga Vimarsa).1967.M.D. Thesis. I.P.G.T.R.A., Jamnagar
#B.S. Venkataram. Rogamarga Tatha Sodhana Purve Snehana. 1968.M.D. Thesis. I.P.G.T.R.A., Jamnagar
#Patel T.C. Bahya Rogamarga Vimarsa. 1969.M.D. Thesis. I.P.G.T.R.A., Jamnagar
#D.N. Shukla. Madhyama Rogamarga Me Basti Cikitsa. 1971. M.D. Thesis. I.P.G.T.R.A., Jamnagar
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