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=Contextual and literal meanings=
==Etymology and derivation==
Langhana is derived from the root word ‘langha’ by adding ‘lyut’ suffix to it. It means fasting (upavasa). [Shabdakalpadruma]
==Definition==
The procedures which produce lightness or reduction in the body components are called ‘langhana’. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 22/10]
==Synonym and other meaning==
Apatarpana (restricted nutrition) is often used as synonymous to langhana. [A.Hr. Sutra Sthana 14/2] The word ‘langhana’ also denotes act of jumping, stepping across, leaping, or mounting. [Cha.Sa.[[Nidana Sthana]] 8/11] [Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 6/18]
=Properties=
The lightening therapy can be administered by diet, actions, medicines, procedures having following properties:
*Lightness (laghu): This is the essential property of any eatable substance by which it becomes easily digestible. These are usually low energy dense foods having a low satiety index.
*Hot (ushna): Substances bearing hot potency are suitable for pacifying [[kapha]], [[vata]] and undigested biological waste ([[ama]][[dosha]]).This property stimulates digestion and metabolism.
*Sharpness/ intense (tikshna): With this quality, the therapeutic substances can quickly cross biological barriers and penetrate the subtler body channels to show strong effect.
*Clearing (vishada): This property is applied forremoving the accumulated body waste to cleanse up body channels.
*Dryness(ruksha): By this property, the moisture and unctuousness is absorbed leading to lightness.
*Subtleness (sukshma): This property helps the drugs to reach into the minute body channels.
*Roughness (khara): Roughness promotes movement of obstructed sticky body components to cleanse up channels.
*Unstable/flowing (sara): Sara property improves flow and proper channelization of body waste for excretion.
*Hard (kathina): Substances without water or unctuousness are hard in consistency. These are applied in langhana therapy to reduce fat and moisture components.[Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 22/12-13]