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Line 79: − ==== Part- I: ''Abhayamalakiya Rasayana Pada'' ====+ Line 93:
Line 96: − + − ===== Synonyms of ''Bheshaja'' =====+ Line 120:
Line 123: − ===== Types of ''Bheshaja'' =====+ Line 142:
Line 145: − ===== Types of ''Abheshaja'' =====+ Line 155:
Line 158: − ===== Objective of ''Rasayana'' and ''Vajikarana'' =====+ Line 180:
Line 183: − ===== Benefits of ''Rasayana'' =====+ Line 211:
Line 214: − ===== Benefits of ''Vajikarana'' =====+ Line 266:
Line 269: − ===== Two types of ''Aushadha'' (medicine) =====+ Line 297:
Line 300: − ===== ''Abheshaja'' (non-therapeutics) =====+ Line 316:
Line 319: − ===== Modes of Administration of ''Kutipraveshika'' and ''Vatatapika Rasayana'' =====+ Line 438:
Line 441: − ===== Body purification before ''rasayana'' treatment =====+ Line 493:
Line 496: − ===== Properties of ''Haritaki'' and ''Amalaki'' =====+ Line 614:
Line 617: − ===== Qualities of ideal drugs for therapeutic use =====+ Line 657:
Line 660: − ===== ''Brahma Rasayanam'' =====+ Line 955:
Line 958: − ===== ''Chyavanaprasha'' =====+ Line 1,124:
Line 1,127: − ===== ''Amalaka Rasayana'' =====+ Line 1,145:
Line 1,148: − ===== ''Haritaki'' formulation =====+ Line 1,177:
Line 1,180: − ===== Summary =====+ Line 1,263:
Line 1,266: − ==== Part II- ''Pranakamiyam Rasayana pada'' ====+ Line 1,280:
Line 1,283: − + − ===== Benefits of ''Rasayana'' and effects of domestic food and lifestyle =====+ Line 1,299:
Line 1,302: − ===== ''Amalaki'' ghee =====+ Line 1,315:
Line 1,318: + Line 1,332:
Line 1,336: − </div></div>+ + − ==== Part III-''Karaprachitiyam Rasayana Pada''====+ − <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> − अथातः करप्रचितीयं रसायनपादंव्याख्यास्यामः||१|| + − इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||+ − <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> − athātaḥ karapracitīyaṁ rasāyanapādaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1|| + − iti ha smāha bhagavānātrēyaḥ||2||+ − athAtaH karapracitIyaM rasAyanapAdaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH||1|| + + − iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||+ − </div></div> − Now I shall deliberate on the quarter of [[Rasayana]] dealing with the hand- plucked (fruits of ''amalaki''). As propounded by Lord Atreya.[1-2]+ + − ===== ''Amalakayasa Brahma Rasayana'' =====+ − करप्रचितानां यथोक्तगुणानामामलकानामुद्धृतास्थ्नां शुष्कचूर्णितानां पुनर्माघे फाल्गुने वा मासे त्रिःसप्तकृत्वः स्वरसपरिपीतानां पुनः शुष्कचूर्णीकृतानामाढकमेकंग्राहयेत्, अथ जीवनीयानां बृंहणीयानां स्तन्यजननानां शुक्रजननानां वयःस्थापनानां षड्विरेचनशताश्रितीयोक्तानामौषधगणानांचन्दनागुरुधवतिनिशखदिरशिंशपासनसाराणांचाणुशःत्तानामभयाबिभीतकपिप्पलीवचाचव्यचित्रकविडङ्गानां च समस्तानामाढकमेकं दशगुणेनाम्भसा साधयेत्, तस्मिन्नाढकावशेषे रसे सुपूते तान्यामलकचूर्णानि दत्त्वा गोमयाग्निभिर्वंशविदलशरतेजनाग्निभिर्वा साधयेद्यावदपनयाद्रसस्य, तमनुपदग्धमुपहृत्यायसीषु पात्रीष्वास्तीर्य शोषयेत्, सुशुष्कं तत् कृष्णाजिनस्योपरि दृषदि श्लक्ष्णपिष्टमयःस्थाल्यां निधापयेत्सम्यक्, तच्चूर्णमयश्चूर्णाष्टभागसम्प्रयुक्तं मधुसर्पिर्भ्यामग्निबलमभिसमीक्ष्य प्रयोजयेदिति||३||+ − <div class="mw-collapsible-content">+ + + + + + + + − karapracitānāṁ yathōktaguṇānāmāmalakānāmuddhr̥tāsthnāṁ śuṣkacūrṇitānāṁ punarmāghē phālgunē vā māsē triḥsaptakr̥tvaḥ svarasaparipītānāṁ punaḥ śuṣkacūrṇīkr̥tānāmāḍhakamēkaṁ grāhayēt, atha jīvanīyānāṁ br̥ṁhaṇīyānāṁ stanyajananānāṁ śukrajananānāṁ vayaḥsthāpanānāṁ ṣaḍvirēcanaśatāśritīyōktānāmauṣadhagaṇānāṁcandanāgurudhavatiniśakhadiraśiṁśapāsanasārāṇāṁ cāṇuśaḥ kr̥ttānāmabhayābibhītakapippalīvacācavyacitrakaviḍaṅgānāṁ ca samastānāmāḍhakamēkaṁ daśaguṇēnāmbhasā sādhayēt, tasminnāḍhakāvaśēṣē rasē supūtē tānyāmalakacūrṇāni dattvā gōmayāgnibhirvaṁśavidalaśaratējanāgnibhirvā sādhayēdyāvadapanayādrasasya, tamanupadagdhamupahr̥tyāyasīṣu pātrīṣvāstīrya śōṣayēt, suśuṣkaṁ tat kr̥ṣṇājinasyōpari dr̥ṣadi ślakṣṇapiṣṭamayaḥsthālyāṁ nidhāpayēt samyak, taccūrṇamayaścūrṇāṣṭabhāgasamprayuktaṁmadhusarpirbhyāmagnibalamabhisamīkṣya prayōjayēditi||3||+ + + − karapracitAnAM yathoktaguNAnAmAmalakAnAmuddhRutAsthnAM shuShkacUrNitAnAM punarmAghe phAlgune vA mAse triHsaptakRutvaH svarasaparipItAnAMpunaH shuShkacUrNIkRutAnAmADhakamekaM grAhayet, atha jIvanIyAnAM bRuMhaNIyAnAM stanyajananAnAM shukrajananAnAM vayaHsthApanAnAMShaDvirecanashatAshritIyoktAnAmauShadhagaNAnAM [1] candanAgurudhavatinishakhadirashiMshapAsanasArANAM cANushaH [2]kRuttAnAmabhayAbibhItakapippalIvacAcavyacitrakaviDa~ggAnAM ca samastAnAmADhakamekaM dashaguNenAmbhasA sAdhayet, tasminnADhakAvasheShe rasesupUte tAnyAmalakacUrNAni dattvA gomayAgnibhirvaMshavidalasharatejanAgnibhirvA sAdhayedyAvadapanayAdrasasya, tamanupadagdhamupahRutyAyasIShupAtrIShvAstIrya shoShayet, sushuShkaM tat kRuShNAjinasyopari dRuShadi shlakShNapiShTamayaHsthAlyAM nidhApayet samyak,taccUrNamayashcUrNAShTabhAgasamprayuktaM madhusarpirbhyAmagnibalamabhisamIkShya prayojayediti||3||+ − </div></div>+ + − The hand plucked fruits of ''amalaki'' having qualities described should be taken, their seeds are removed and they are dried and powdered. Later in the month of ''Magha'' and ''Phalguna'', this ''amalaki'' powder should be impregnated 21 times with the juice of fresh ''amalaki'' fruits, dried and powdered again. 2 kg 560 gms of this powder should be taken. Then the drugs belonging to the groups vitalizer, bulk promoting, galactogouge, semen promoting and age sustainers mentioned in the chapter on six hundred evacuatives and finely cut heartwood of sandal, ''aguru, dhava, tinisha, khadira, shimshapa, asana'' and also of ''haritaki, bibhitaka, pippali, vacha, chavya, chitraka and vidanga'' – all together should be taken in the quantity of 2 kg 560 gms and boiled in ten times of water. When one tenth of the original volume remains, the decoction should be filtered well and added with the above powder of ''amalaka''. Now this should be heated on cow dung fire or the fire of bamboo chips or reed stalks till the liquid portion is completely evaporated. This uncharred material should be collected and is spread on iron plates for drying. When it is dried well, it should be powdered finely with stone slabs on the deer hide and stored carefully in an iron pot. This powder added with one forth quantity of iron powder (''bhasma'') and mixed with honey and ghee should be used according to one’s digestive capacity. [3]+ − भवन्तिचात्र- + + + + + + − एतद्रसायनं पूर्वं वसिष्ठःकश्यपोऽङ्गिराः|+ − जमदग्निर्भरद्वाजो भृगुरन्ये च तद्विधाः||४|| + − प्रयुज्य प्रयता मुक्ताः श्रमव्याधिजराभयात्|+ + − यावदैच्छंस्तपस्तेपुस्तत्प्रभावान्महाबलाः||५|| + − इदं रसायनं चक्रे ब्रह्मा वार्षसहस्रिकम्| + + − जराव्याधिप्रशमनं बुद्धीन्द्रियबलप्रदम्||६|| + − + − bhavanticātra- + − ētadrasāyanaṁ pūrvaṁ vasiṣṭhaḥ kaśyapō'ṅgirāḥ|+ − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Line 1,450:
Line 1,807: − ===== ''Kevala Amalaka Rasayanam'' =====+ Line 1,535:
Line 1,892: − ===== ''Lauhadi Rasayana'' =====+ Line 1,658:
Line 2,015: − ===== ''Aindra Rasayana'' =====+ Line 1,745:
Line 2,102: − ===== ''Medhya Rasayana'' =====+ Line 1,782:
Line 2,139: − ===== ''Pippali Rasayana'' =====+ Line 1,843:
Line 2,200: − ===== ''Pippali Vardhamana Rasayana'' =====+ Line 1,916:
Line 2,273: − ===== ''Triphala Rasayana'' =====+ Line 1,953:
Line 2,310: − ===== ''Triphala Rasayana'' =====+ Line 1,990:
Line 2,347: − ===== ''Triphala Rasayana'' =====+ Line 2,015:
Line 2,372: − ===== ''Triphala Rasayana'' =====+ Line 2,052:
Line 2,409: − ===== Properties of ''Shilajatu rasayana'' =====+ Line 2,332:
Line 2,689: − ==== Part IV: ''[[Ayurveda]]samutthaniyam Rasayana Pada'' ====+ Line 2,349:
Line 2,706: − + + + Line 2,393:
Line 2,752: − ===== ''Indrokta Rasayana'' =====+ Line 2,723:
Line 3,082: − ===== ''Achara Rasayana'' =====+ Line 3,157:
Line 3,516: − ===== Summary =====+ Line 3,228:
Line 3,587: − ==== The order of sections ====+ − ==== Different levels of treatment ====+ − ==== Various aspects of ''Chikitsa'' (treatment) ====+ − ==== Benefits of ''Rasayana'' ====+ Line 3,246:
Line 3,605: − ==== Benefits of ''Vajikarana'' (verse 9-12) ====+ Line 3,262:
Line 3,621: − ==== Two modes of administration of ''rasayana'' (verse 1.1.16) ====+ Line 3,269:
Line 3,628: − ==== Construction of a ''Kuti'' (hut) (verse 1.1.16-20) ====+ − ===== The place ===== + + − =====Structure and design ===== + − − Structure and design is decided by experts in that field, but the specific requirements are mentioned in this chapter, such as: with proper height ,width, with three concentric courts, having small windows on height, having thick walls, comfortable for all seasons, spacious, with proper lighting, pleasant for stay, protected from sound pollution ,other forms of pollution and unwanted sounds, smells etc., where celibacy can be maintained, equipped with necessary instruments, equipment and amenities, having on duty ''vaidyas'', consulting ''vaidyas'' and consultants in other fields. The following pictures can give an idea regarding this: − [[File:rasayana structure.jpg|500px]] − + + − ==== Entering the ''Kuti'' ====+ − ==== Quality control in selection of medicines (verse 1.1. 38-40) ====+ Line 3,297:
Line 3,655: − ==== ''Abhayamalakeeya Pada'' ====+ − ==== ''Haritaki Rasayana'' (verse 1.1.29-32) ====+ − ==== ''Amalaki Rasayana'' (verse 1.1.36-37) ====+ − ==== ''Rasayana'' in the first ''Pada'' ====+ − ===== ''Brahma Rasayana'' =====+ − ===== ''Chyavanaprasha Rasayana'' =====+ − ==== Diseases from changing lifestyle and importance of ''rasayana'' ====+ Line 3,330:
Line 3,688: − ==== ''Rasayana'' in the second ''pada'' ====+ − ===== ''Nagabala Rasayana'' ===== + − ===== ''Bhallataka Rasayana'' =====+ Line 3,344:
Line 3,702: − ==== ''Rasayana'' in the third ''pada'' ====+ − ===== ''Medhya Rasayana'' =====+ − ===== ''Triphala Rasayana'' =====+ − ===== ''Shilajatu'' =====+ Line 3,362:
Line 3,720: − ==== ''Achara Rasayana'' (rasayana effects of good conduct) ====+ − ==== ''Vaidya'' ====+ Line 3,388:
Line 3,746: − + − + − #Caraka Samhita redaction by Caraka based on Agnivesa Tantra of 700BC .Cikitsa sthana chapter 1,Pada 1-4. Edited by Sharma, PV, Choukhaba Orientalia, Varanasi , India 2002 − #Caraka Samhita redaction by Caraka based on Agnivesa tantra of 700BC, Sutra sthana chapters -1 Edited by Sharma PV, Choukhamba Orientalia, Varanasi,India 2002 Line 3,401:
Line 3,757: − #Madhava Kara 900 AD Mdhava Nidana, edited by Upadhyaya, YN Choukhamba publication, Varanasi/Delhi, India − #Sarangdhara 1300AD Sarandhara samhita Choukhamba publications Varanasi/Delhi, India Line 3,416:
Line 3,770: − #Susruta Samhita redaction by Nagarjun based on Susrut’s Susruta Tantra OF Ssrita of 600 BC. sutra sthana chapters 4,15,21 edited by Singhal et al Choukhamba Surbharati 2nd edition Varanasi/Delhi, India, 2002 − #Susruta Samhita redaction by Nagarjuna Based on Susruta Tantra of 600BC , Cikitsa sthana chapters 27-30 edited by Singhal et al. Pub. Choukhamba surbharati 2nd edition Varanasi/Delhi ,India 2002 − #Vagbhatta 300 AD Astanga Sangraha Choukhamba publications Varanasi/Delhi, India − #Vagbhatta 300AD, Astanga Hridaya Uttara tantra, chapter 39 Rasayana chikitsa Choukhamba publications Varanasi, India − === References ===+
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|title=Rasayana Chikitsa Adhyaya
|title=Rasayana Chikitsa Adhyaya
|titlemode=append
|titlemode=append
|keywords=Rasayana, Ojas , Ojabala, Vyadhikshamatva, Rejuvenation, Geriatrics, longevity, Immunity, Functional foods, nutraceuticals, Immune-enhancers, Amalaki, Abhaya, Triphala, Bhallataka, Shilajatu, Chyavanaprasha, Brahma Rasayana, Medhya Rasayana, Achara Rasayana, Kayakalpa
|keywords=Rasayana, Ojas , Ojabala, Vyadhikshamatva, Rejuvenation, Geriatrics, longevity, Immunity, Functional foods, nutraceuticals, Immune-enhancers, Amalaki, Abhaya, Triphala, Bhallataka, Shilajatu, Chyavanaprasha, Brahma Rasayana, Medhya Rasayana, Achara Rasayana, Kayakalpa, ayurveda, charak samhita, anti ageing
|description=Chikitsa Sthana Chapter 1. The specialization of Rasayana (Rejuvenation therapy)
|description=Chikitsa Sthana Chapter 1. The specialization of Rasayana (Rejuvenation therapy)
|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/mediawiki-1.32.1/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg
|image_alt=charak samhita
|type=article
}}
}}
'''<big>[[Chikitsa Sthana]] Chapter 1. The specialization of [[Rasayana]] (Rejuvenation therapy)</big>'''
'''<big>[[Chikitsa Sthana]] Chapter 1. Rejuvenation therapy </big>'''
<big>'''Abstract'''</big>
<big>'''Abstract'''</big>
== Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation ==
== Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation ==
=== Part- I: ''Abhayamalakiya Rasayana Pada'' ===
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Now I shall deliberate on the first quarter of the chapter on ''rasayana'' i.e. promotive therapy specially dealing with ''Abhaya''(''Haritaki''), ''Amalaki'' etc. Thus said Lord Atreya.[1-2]
Now we shall expound the first quarter of the chapter "Abhayamalakiya Rasayana Pada". Thus said Lord Atreya.[1-2]
==== Synonyms of ''Bheshaja'' ====
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''Chikitsa'' (measures which alleviate disorders), ''vyadhihara'' (destroyer of diseases), ''pathya'' (beneficial for the bodily channels), ''sadhana'' (instrument for therapeutic action), ''aushadha'' (that which is prepared of herbes), ''prayashchitta'' (expiation), ''prashamana'' (pacification), ''prakritisthapana'' (that which helps recovery to normalcy), ''hita'' (wholesome) – these are the synonyms of ''bheshaja'' (therapeutics).[3-4]
''Chikitsa'' (measures which alleviate disorders), ''vyadhihara'' (destroyer of diseases), ''pathya'' (beneficial for the bodily channels), ''sadhana'' (instrument for therapeutic action), ''aushadha'' (that which is prepared of herbes), ''prayashchitta'' (expiation), ''prashamana'' (pacification), ''prakritisthapana'' (that which helps recovery to normalcy), ''hita'' (wholesome) – these are the synonyms of ''bheshaja'' (therapeutics).[3-4]
==== Types of ''Bheshaja'' ====
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#that which alleviates disorders. [4]
#that which alleviates disorders. [4]
==== Types of ''Abheshaja'' ====
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''Abheshaja'' (non-therapeutics) is also of two types – (1) ''badhana'' (acute), (2) ''sanubadhana'' (chronic).[5]
''Abheshaja'' (non-therapeutics) is also of two types – (1) ''badhana'' (acute), (2) ''sanubadhana'' (chronic).[5]
==== Objective of ''Rasayana'' and ''Vajikarana'' ====
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Therapeutics which promotes strength and immunity is categorized in ''vrishya'' (aphrodisiac) and ''rasayana'' (promotives), while the therapy of the second category is mostly applied for alleviation of disorders. The word ''prayah'' specially denotes only particularity because both the groups perform both the above functions namely, promotion of strength including immunity and alleviation of diseases. [5-6]
Therapeutics which promotes strength and immunity is categorized in ''vrishya'' (aphrodisiac) and ''rasayana'' (promotives), while the therapy of the second category is mostly applied for alleviation of disorders. The word ''prayah'' specially denotes only particularity because both the groups perform both the above functions namely, promotion of strength including immunity and alleviation of diseases. [5-6]
==== Benefits of ''Rasayana'' ====
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By promotive treatment, one attains longevity, memory, intelligence, freedom from illness, youthfulness, excellence of lustre, complexion and voice, optimum strength of physique and sense organs, perfection in deliberation, respectability and brilliance. ''Rasayana'' is the means of attaining excellent qualities of ''rasa'' etc. ''dhatus'' i.e. body cells and tissues. [7-8]
By promotive treatment, one attains longevity, memory, intelligence, freedom from illness, youthfulness, excellence of lustre, complexion and voice, optimum strength of physique and sense organs, perfection in deliberation, respectability and brilliance. ''Rasayana'' is the means of attaining excellent qualities of ''rasa'' etc. ''dhatus'' i.e. body cells and tissues. [7-8]
==== Benefits of ''Vajikarana'' ====
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''Vajikarana'' (aphrodisiac treatment) is that which produces lineage of progeny, quick sexual stimulation, enables one to perform sexual act with the women uninterruptedly and vigorously like a horse, makes one charming for the women, promotes corpulence and infallible and indestructible semen even in the old persons, renders one great having a number of off-springs like a sacred tree branched profusely and commanding respect and popularity in the society. By this one attains eternality based on filial tradition here and hereafter along with fame, fortune, strength and corpulence. [9-12]
''Vajikarana'' (aphrodisiac treatment) is that which produces lineage of progeny, quick sexual stimulation, enables one to perform sexual act with the women uninterruptedly and vigorously like a horse, makes one charming for the women, promotes corpulence and infallible and indestructible semen even in the old persons, renders one great having a number of off-springs like a sacred tree branched profusely and commanding respect and popularity in the society. By this one attains eternality based on filial tradition here and hereafter along with fame, fortune, strength and corpulence. [9-12]
==== Two types of ''Aushadha'' (medicine) ====
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Thus, the twofold promotive treatment for the healthy is described here. As regard the measures for alleviating diseases, those will be described in the concerned chapters on therapeutics. The sole purpose of therapeutics is to alleviate diseases. The method of ''rasayana'' has been described first and thereafter the aphrodisiac measures have been described. [13-14]
Thus, the twofold promotive treatment for the healthy is described here. As regard the measures for alleviating diseases, those will be described in the concerned chapters on therapeutics. The sole purpose of therapeutics is to alleviate diseases. The method of ''rasayana'' has been described first and thereafter the aphrodisiac measures have been described. [13-14]
==== ''Abheshaja'' (non-therapeutics) ====
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''Abheshaja'' is that which is contrary to the ''bheshaja'' i.e. therapy. This is to be avoided whereas the ''bheshaja'' therapeutic measures are to be described further to be adopted. [15]
''Abheshaja'' is that which is contrary to the ''bheshaja'' i.e. therapy. This is to be avoided whereas the ''bheshaja'' therapeutic measures are to be described further to be adopted. [15]
==== Modes of Administration of ''Kutipraveshika'' and ''Vatatapika Rasayana'' ====
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Now, in northerly course of the sun, bright fortnight and auspicious date, star, hour and ''karana'', one having clean- shaved, with strong restraint and memory, faith and focused mind, and stress-free state, feeling companionship with all the creatures, having worshipped the gods and ''brahmanas'' first and keeping the gods, cow and ''brahmanas'' to the right side, one should enter the cottage and be cleansed and thereafter when he feels happy and strong, he should use ''rasayana'' treatment. Further I shall talk about the cleansing procedures. [16-24]
Now, in northerly course of the sun, bright fortnight and auspicious date, star, hour and ''karana'', one having clean- shaved, with strong restraint and memory, faith and focused mind, and stress-free state, feeling companionship with all the creatures, having worshipped the gods and ''brahmanas'' first and keeping the gods, cow and ''brahmanas'' to the right side, one should enter the cottage and be cleansed and thereafter when he feels happy and strong, he should use ''rasayana'' treatment. Further I shall talk about the cleansing procedures. [16-24]
==== Body purification before ''rasayana'' treatment ====
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The individual scheduled to undergo ''rasayana'' treatment, adequately oleated and fomented, should take formulations with hot water consisting of the powders of ''haritaki'', rock salt, ''amalaka'', jaggery, ''vacha'', ''vidanga'', ''haridra'', long pepper and dry ginger. When he is evacuated properly by this procedure and has resumed the routine dietetic regimen, he should be given barley preparation added with ghee for three, five or seven days (according to measure of evacuation) till the accumulated feces are eliminated. Thus, when he is considered as having cleansed properly, the physician should administer the appropriately chosen ''rasayana'' (drug) in consideration of his age, constitution and suitability. [25-28]
The individual scheduled to undergo ''rasayana'' treatment, adequately oleated and fomented, should take formulations with hot water consisting of the powders of ''haritaki'', rock salt, ''amalaka'', jaggery, ''vacha'', ''vidanga'', ''haridra'', long pepper and dry ginger. When he is evacuated properly by this procedure and has resumed the routine dietetic regimen, he should be given barley preparation added with ghee for three, five or seven days (according to measure of evacuation) till the accumulated feces are eliminated. Thus, when he is considered as having cleansed properly, the physician should administer the appropriately chosen ''rasayana'' (drug) in consideration of his age, constitution and suitability. [25-28]
==== Properties of ''Haritaki'' and ''Amalaki'' ====
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Thus, looking to these actions, one should regard the fruits of ''haritaki'' as well as ''amlaki'' like nectar. [29-37]
Thus, looking to these actions, one should regard the fruits of ''haritaki'' as well as ''amlaki'' like nectar. [29-37]
==== Qualities of ideal drugs for therapeutic use ====
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Himalaya is excellent among the mountains, which is the best habitat of medicinal plants. Hence one should obtain the fruits grown there in proper time, mature with taste and potency, replenished with the sun, air, shade and water in respective seasons according to need, and which are uneaten, un-purified, uninjured and non toxic. The excellent actions and uses of these fruits will be described now. [38-40]
Himalaya is excellent among the mountains, which is the best habitat of medicinal plants. Hence one should obtain the fruits grown there in proper time, mature with taste and potency, replenished with the sun, air, shade and water in respective seasons according to need, and which are uneaten, un-purified, uninjured and non toxic. The excellent actions and uses of these fruits will be described now. [38-40]
==== ''Brahma Rasayanam'' ====
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On using this ''brahma rasayana'', already used by great sages, the user becomes disease free, long lived and with great strength. He becomes charming to the world, with all mission fulfilled, having splendor like that of the moon and the sun, acquires and retains the knowledge. He is endowed with divine psyche, firmness like that of mountain, valor like that of wind. Even poison is reduced to non poison on coming in contact with his body. [59-61]
On using this ''brahma rasayana'', already used by great sages, the user becomes disease free, long lived and with great strength. He becomes charming to the world, with all mission fulfilled, having splendor like that of the moon and the sun, acquires and retains the knowledge. He is endowed with divine psyche, firmness like that of mountain, valor like that of wind. Even poison is reduced to non poison on coming in contact with his body. [59-61]
==== ''Chyavanaprasha'' ====
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40 Gms of each of ''bilwa, agnimantha, shyonaka, kashmarya, patala, bala,'' four leaved herbs (''shalaparni, prishniparni, mudgaparni, mashaparni''), ''pippali, shvadamshtra, brihati, kantakari, karkatshringi, tamalaki, draksha, jivanti, pushkaramula, aguru, abhaya, amrita, riddhi, jivaka, rishabhaka, shati, musta, punarnava, meda, ela, chandana, utpala, vidari, vasa (roots), kakoli'' and ''kakanasa'' and 500 fruits of ''amalaki''– all these put together should be boiled in water measuring 100 litres 240 ml. when the drugs are extracted completely the decoction should be brought down. The fruits of ''amalaki'' also should be taken out and their seeds are removed. Then the fruit pulp should be fried in ''tila'' oil and ghee (mixed) in quantity of 480 gms. Now it should be cooked in the above decoction adding to it 2 kg of clean sugar candy and prepared into a linctus. When it is self cooked, 240 gms of honey should be added to it. in the end 160 gms ''twak, ela, patra'' and ''nagakeshara'' (combined together) should be added. This is the famous ''chyavanaprasha'', an excellent ''rasayana''. Particularly it alleviates cough and dyspnea, is useful for the wasted, injured and old people and promotes development of children. It alleviates hoarseness of voice, chest disease, heart disease, ''vatarakta'', thirst and disorders of urine and semen. It should be taken in the dose which does not interfere with the food intake and digestion. By consuming this ''rasayana'' preparation, the extremely old sage Chyavana regained youthful age. If this ''rasayana'' is used by the indoor method, even the old attains intellect, memory, luster, freedom from disease, longevity, strength of senses, sexual vigor, adequate ''agni'' function (digestion and metabolism), fairness of complexion and appropriate discharge of flatus. The consumer of this ''rasayana'' gets rid of senility and enjoys youthfulness. [62-74]
40 Gms of each of ''bilwa, agnimantha, shyonaka, kashmarya, patala, bala,'' four leaved herbs (''shalaparni, prishniparni, mudgaparni, mashaparni''), ''pippali, shvadamshtra, brihati, kantakari, karkatshringi, tamalaki, draksha, jivanti, pushkaramula, aguru, abhaya, amrita, riddhi, jivaka, rishabhaka, shati, musta, punarnava, meda, ela, chandana, utpala, vidari, vasa (roots), kakoli'' and ''kakanasa'' and 500 fruits of ''amalaki''– all these put together should be boiled in water measuring 100 litres 240 ml. when the drugs are extracted completely the decoction should be brought down. The fruits of ''amalaki'' also should be taken out and their seeds are removed. Then the fruit pulp should be fried in ''tila'' oil and ghee (mixed) in quantity of 480 gms. Now it should be cooked in the above decoction adding to it 2 kg of clean sugar candy and prepared into a linctus. When it is self cooked, 240 gms of honey should be added to it. in the end 160 gms ''twak, ela, patra'' and ''nagakeshara'' (combined together) should be added. This is the famous ''chyavanaprasha'', an excellent ''rasayana''. Particularly it alleviates cough and dyspnea, is useful for the wasted, injured and old people and promotes development of children. It alleviates hoarseness of voice, chest disease, heart disease, ''vatarakta'', thirst and disorders of urine and semen. It should be taken in the dose which does not interfere with the food intake and digestion. By consuming this ''rasayana'' preparation, the extremely old sage Chyavana regained youthful age. If this ''rasayana'' is used by the indoor method, even the old attains intellect, memory, luster, freedom from disease, longevity, strength of senses, sexual vigor, adequate ''agni'' function (digestion and metabolism), fairness of complexion and appropriate discharge of flatus. The consumer of this ''rasayana'' gets rid of senility and enjoys youthfulness. [62-74]
==== ''Amalaka Rasayana'' ====
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The fruits of ''haritaki'' and ''amalaka'' or ''amalaka'' and ''bibhitaka'' or ''haritaki'' and ''bibhitaka'' or ''haritaki'', ''amalaka'' and ''bibhitaka'' should be wrapped with the bark of ''palasha'' tree and after having been pasted with mud should be cooked on charcoal. (when they are well cooked) their seeds be removed and 40 kg of this material should be pounded in a mortar and added with curd, ghee, honey, sesame paste, ''tila'' oil and sugar. This should be consumed on empty stomach by the above method. After the course of treatment, one should be brought back to its normal state by intake of gruel etc. he should also be massaged and anointed with ghee and barley powder. This is the limit of the use of the ''rasayana''. Keeping in view the power of digestion, he should be given diet consisting of ''swastika'' rice added with ghee along with soup or milk for the period double of the same for treatment. Thereafter he may move and eat according to pleasure. By this treatment, the sages regained youthfulness and attained disease free life of many hundreds of years, and endowed with the strength of physique, intellect and sense practiced penance with utmost devotion. (75)
The fruits of ''haritaki'' and ''amalaka'' or ''amalaka'' and ''bibhitaka'' or ''haritaki'' and ''bibhitaka'' or ''haritaki'', ''amalaka'' and ''bibhitaka'' should be wrapped with the bark of ''palasha'' tree and after having been pasted with mud should be cooked on charcoal. (when they are well cooked) their seeds be removed and 40 kg of this material should be pounded in a mortar and added with curd, ghee, honey, sesame paste, ''tila'' oil and sugar. This should be consumed on empty stomach by the above method. After the course of treatment, one should be brought back to its normal state by intake of gruel etc. he should also be massaged and anointed with ghee and barley powder. This is the limit of the use of the ''rasayana''. Keeping in view the power of digestion, he should be given diet consisting of ''swastika'' rice added with ghee along with soup or milk for the period double of the same for treatment. Thereafter he may move and eat according to pleasure. By this treatment, the sages regained youthfulness and attained disease free life of many hundreds of years, and endowed with the strength of physique, intellect and sense practiced penance with utmost devotion. (75)
==== ''Haritaki'' formulation ====
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Ghee extracted from milk is cooked with ''haritaki, amalaka, bibhitaka, haridra, sthira, bala, vidanga, amritavalli, vishvabheshaja, madhuka,'' ''pippali'' and ''katphala''. This (ghee) along with honey and sugar is mixed with the ''amalaka'' powder impregnated hundred times with the juice of ''amalaka'' fruits and added with iron powder in ¼ quantity. 10 gms of this formulation should be taken in every morning by the above method. In the evening, patient should take diet consisting of ''shali'' and ''shashtika'' rice added with ghee along with the green gram soup or milk. If this formulation is used regularly for three years, the person attains a life span of hundred years free from old age, acquires knowledge, his diseases are alleviated, poison becomes in-effective in his body which is rendered as stone and he becomes invincible for the organisms. [77]
Ghee extracted from milk is cooked with ''haritaki, amalaka, bibhitaka, haridra, sthira, bala, vidanga, amritavalli, vishvabheshaja, madhuka,'' ''pippali'' and ''katphala''. This (ghee) along with honey and sugar is mixed with the ''amalaka'' powder impregnated hundred times with the juice of ''amalaka'' fruits and added with iron powder in ¼ quantity. 10 gms of this formulation should be taken in every morning by the above method. In the evening, patient should take diet consisting of ''shali'' and ''shashtika'' rice added with ghee along with the green gram soup or milk. If this formulation is used regularly for three years, the person attains a life span of hundred years free from old age, acquires knowledge, his diseases are alleviated, poison becomes in-effective in his body which is rendered as stone and he becomes invincible for the organisms. [77]
==== Summary ====
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Thus ends the first quarter of ''haritaki, amalaka'' etc. in the chapter on ''rasayana'' in [[Chikitsa Sthana]] in the treatise composed of Agnivesha and redacted by Charak. [1]
Thus ends the first quarter of ''haritaki, amalaka'' etc. in the chapter on ''rasayana'' in [[Chikitsa Sthana]] in the treatise composed of Agnivesha and redacted by Charak. [1]
=== Part II- ''Pranakamiyam Rasayana pada'' ===
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Now I shall deliberate on the quarter of the chapter on ''Rasayana'' on desire for vital breath etc. As propounded by Lord Atreya. [1-2]
Now we shall expound the quarter of the chapter "Pranakamiyam Rasayana pada". Thus said Lord Atreya. [1-2]
==== Benefits of ''Rasayana'' and effects of domestic food and lifestyle ====
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Oh desirous of vital breath! Listen to me explaining the procedure of ''rasayana'' therapy which is like another nectar, acceptable for the gods, having incomprehensible miraculous effects, prolongs life span, provides health, sustains age, relieves excessive sleep, drowsiness, exertion, exhaustion, lassitude and emaciation, restores ''tridoshika'' balance, brings stability, alleviates laxity of muscles, kindles internal fire and imparts excellent luster, complexion and voice. By using this, the great sages like Chyavana and others. regained youthful age and became charming for the women, they also attained firm, even and well divided muscles, compact and stable physique, blossomed strength, complexion and sense, uninterrupted prowess and endurance. All morbidity arise due to domestic food in those eating sour, saline, pungent, alkaline, dried vegetables, meat, sesame, sesame paste and preparation of (rice) flour, germinated or fresh, awned or leguminous cereals, incompatible, unsuitable, rough, alkaline and channel blocking substances, decomposed, heavy, putrefied, and staled food items, indulging in irregular diet or eating while the previous food is undigested, day sleep, women and wine, performing irregular and excessive physical exercise causing agitation in the body, affected with fear, anger, grief, greed, confusion and exhaustion. Because of this the muscles get laxed, joints get loosened, blood gets burnt, fat becomes abundant and liquefied, marrow does not mature in bones, semen does not manifest and ''ojas'' deteriorates. Thus, the person subdued with malaise, depression, sleep, drowsiness, lassitude, lack of enthusiasm, dyspnea, incapability in physical and mental activities, loss of memory, intellect and luster, becomes resort of illness and thus does not enjoy the normal life span. Hence looking to these defects, one should abstain from all the said unwholesome diet and activities so that he becomes fit for using the ''rasayana'' treatment- saying this Lord Punarvasu Atreya further added. [3]
Oh desirous of vital breath! Listen to me explaining the procedure of ''rasayana'' therapy which is like another nectar, acceptable for the gods, having incomprehensible miraculous effects, prolongs life span, provides health, sustains age, relieves excessive sleep, drowsiness, exertion, exhaustion, lassitude and emaciation, restores ''tridoshika'' balance, brings stability, alleviates laxity of muscles, kindles internal fire and imparts excellent luster, complexion and voice. By using this, the great sages like Chyavana and others. regained youthful age and became charming for the women, they also attained firm, even and well divided muscles, compact and stable physique, blossomed strength, complexion and sense, uninterrupted prowess and endurance. All morbidity arise due to domestic food in those eating sour, saline, pungent, alkaline, dried vegetables, meat, sesame, sesame paste and preparation of (rice) flour, germinated or fresh, awned or leguminous cereals, incompatible, unsuitable, rough, alkaline and channel blocking substances, decomposed, heavy, putrefied, and staled food items, indulging in irregular diet or eating while the previous food is undigested, day sleep, women and wine, performing irregular and excessive physical exercise causing agitation in the body, affected with fear, anger, grief, greed, confusion and exhaustion. Because of this the muscles get laxed, joints get loosened, blood gets burnt, fat becomes abundant and liquefied, marrow does not mature in bones, semen does not manifest and ''ojas'' deteriorates. Thus, the person subdued with malaise, depression, sleep, drowsiness, lassitude, lack of enthusiasm, dyspnea, incapability in physical and mental activities, loss of memory, intellect and luster, becomes resort of illness and thus does not enjoy the normal life span. Hence looking to these defects, one should abstain from all the said unwholesome diet and activities so that he becomes fit for using the ''rasayana'' treatment- saying this Lord Punarvasu Atreya further added. [3]
==== ''Amalaki'' ghee ====
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(इत्यामलकघृतम्)|
(इत्यामलकघृतम्)|
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AmalakAnAM subhUmijAnAM kAlajAnAmanupahatagandhavarNarasAnAmApUrNarasapramANavIryANAM svarasena punarnavAkalkapAdasamprayukte
AmalakAnAM subhUmijAnAM kAlajAnAmanupahatagandhavarNarasAnAmApUrNarasapramANavIryANAM svarasena punarnavAkalkapAdasamprayukte
sarpiShaHsAdhayedADhakam, ataH paraM vidArIsvarasena jIvantIkalkasamprayuktena, ataH paraM caturguNena payasA balAtibalAkaShAyeNa shatAvarIkalkasaMyuktena;anena krameNaikaikaM shatapAkaM sahasrapAkaM vA sharkarAkShaudracaturbhAgasamprayuktaM sauvarNe rAjate mArtike vA shucau dRuDhe ghRutabhAvitekumbhe sthApayet; tadyathoktena vidhinA yathAgni prAtaH prAtaH prayojayet, jIrNe ca kShIrasarpirbhyAM shAliShaShTikamashnIyAt|
asya prayogAdvarShashataM vayo~ajaraM tiShThati, shrutamavatiShThate, sarvAmayAH prashAmyanti, apratihatagatiH strIShu, apatyavAn bhavatIti||4||
bhavatashcAtra-
bRuhaccharIraM girisArasAraM sthirendriyaM cAtibalendriyaM ca|
adhRuShyamanyairatikAntarUpaM prashastipUjAsukhacittabhAk ca||5||
balaM mahadvarNavishuddhiragryA svaro ghanaughastanitAnukArI|
bhavatyapatyaM vipulaM sthiraM ca samashnato yogamimaM narasya||6||
(ityAmalakaghRutam)|
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Two kg 560 gms of ghee should be cooked with juice of ''amalaka'' fruit grown in a good soil and time, possessing unaffected smell, color and taste, which are mature with taste, size and potency, along with one fourth quantity of ''punarnava''. There after the process should be repeated with the juice of ''vidari'', along with the paste of ''jeevanti'', thereafter with the four times the quantity of milk and decoction of ''bala'' and ''atibala'' along with the paste of ''shatavari''. In this way the ghee should be cooked with each method hundred or thousand times. The prepared ghee should be added with one forth quantity of sugar and honey and be kept in a pitcher- golden, silver or earthen- which is clean, strong and lubricated with ghee. This should be used regularly by the said method every morning according to one’s digestive capacity. When the drug is digested, diet of ''shali'' and ''shashtika'' rice along with milk and ghee should be taken. By consumption of this preparation life span stands for hundred years devoid of old age, optimum cognitive ability is retained, all diseases are alleviated, one attains uninterrupted sexual vigor in women and is also blessed with pregnancy and progeny.
Here are the verses-
If the person uses this preparation properly he attains big body, compactness like essence of mountains, firm and strong sense organs, invincibility, charming look, popularity, respect, happiness and intellect. Moreover, by this strength he becomes great, complexion gets excellently purified, voice becomes like imitating the rumbling of dense thunder clouds, and the person is blessed with a large and stable progeny. [4-6]
==== ''Amalaki Avaleha'' ====
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आमलकसहस्रं पिप्पलीसहस्रसम्प्रयुक्तं पलाशतरुणक्षारोदकोत्तरं तिष्ठेत्, तदनुगतक्षारोदकमनातपशुष्कमनस्थि चूर्णीकृतं चतुर्गुणाभ्यां मधुसर्पिर्भ्यां सन्नीय शर्कराचूर्णचतुर्भागसम्प्रयुक्तं घृतभाजनस्थं षण्मासान् स्थापयेदन्तर्भूमेः| तस्योत्तरकालमग्निबलसमां मात्रां खादेत्, पौर्वाह्णिकः प्रयोगो नापराह्णिकः, सात्म्यापेक्षश्चाहारविधिः| अस्य प्रयोगाद्वर्षशतमजरं वयस्तिष्ठतीति समानं पूर्वेण||७||
(इत्यामलकावलेहः)|
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āmalakasahasraṁ pippalīsahasrasamprayuktaṁ palāśataruṇakṣārōdakōttaraṁ
tiṣṭhēt, tadanugatakṣārōdakamanātapaśuṣkamanasthi cūrṇīkr̥taṁ caturguṇābhyāṁ madhusarpirbhyāṁ sannīya śarkarācūrṇacaturbhāgasamprayuktaṁ ghr̥tabhājanasthaṁ ṣaṇmāsān sthāpayēdantarbhūmēḥ| tasyōttarakālamagnibalasamāṁ mātrāṁ khādēt, paurvāhṇikaḥ prayōgō nāparāhṇikaḥ, sātmyāpēkṣaścāhāravidhiḥ| asya prayōgādvarṣaśatamajaraṁ vayastiṣṭhatīti samānaṁ pūrvēṇa||7||
(ityāmalakāvalēhaḥ)|
AmalakasahasraM pippalIsahasrasamprayuktaM palAshataruNakShArodakottaraM tiShThet, tadanugatakShArodakamanAtapashuShkamanasthi cUrNIkRutaMcaturguNAbhyAM madhusarpirbhyAM sannIya sharkarAcUrNacaturbhAgasamprayuktaM ghRutabhAjanasthaM ShaNmAsAn sthApayedantarbhUmeH|
tasyottarakAlamagnibalasamAM mAtrAM khAdet, paurvAhNikaH prayogo nAparAhNikaH, sAtmyApekShashcAhAravidhiH|
asya prayogAdvarShashatamajaraM vayastiShThatIti samAnaM pUrveNa||7||
(ityAmalakAvalehaH)|
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One thousand fruits of ''amalaki'' along with the same numbers of fruits of ''pippali'' should be dipped in to alkaline water prepared from the young ''palasha'' tree. After taking them out they should be dried in shade after removing seeds and powdered. This powder mixed with four times honey and ghee and stored underground for six months. Thereafter one should take its dose according to his digestive capacity only in forenoon and not in afternoon. The diet should be according to suitability. By its use, one attains the stable life span of hundred years without enduring senility. The other beneficial effects are as described earlier. [7]
==== ''Amalaki'' powder ====
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आमलकचूर्णाढकमेकविंशतिरात्रमामलकस्वरसपरिपीतं मधुघृताढकाभ्यां द्वाभ्यामेकीकृतमष्टभागपिप्पलीकं शर्कराचूर्णचतुर्भागसम्प्रयुक्तं घृतभाजनस्थं प्रावृषि भस्मराशौ
निदध्यात्; तद्वर्षान्ते सात्म्यपथ्याशी प्रयोजयेत्; अस्य प्रयोगाद्वर्षशतमजरमायुस्तिष्ठतीति समानं पूर्वेण||८||
(इत्यामलकचूर्णम्)|
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āmalakacūrṇāḍhakamēkaviṁśatirātramāmalakasvarasaparipītaṁmadhughr̥tāḍhakābhyāṁ dvābhyāmēkīkr̥tamaṣṭabhāgapippalīkaṁ śarkarācūrṇacaturbhāgasamprayuktaṁ ghr̥tabhājanasthaṁ prāvr̥ṣi bhasmarāśau nidadhyāt; tadvarṣāntē sātmyapathyāśī prayōjayēt; asya prayōgādvarṣaśatamajaramāyustiṣṭhatīti samānaṁ pūrvēṇa||8||
(ityāmalakacūrṇam)|
AmalakacUrNADhakamekaviMshatirAtramAmalakasvarasaparipItaM madhughRutADhakAbhyAM dvAbhyAmekIkRutamaShTabhAgapippalIkaMsharkarAcUrNacaturbhAgasamprayuktaM ghRutabhAjanasthaM prAvRuShi bhasmarAshau nidadhyAt; tadvarShAnte sAtmyapathyAshI prayojayet; asyaprayogAdvarShashatamajaramAyustiShThatIti samAnaM pUrveNa||8||
(ityAmalakacUrNam)|
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Powder of ''amalaki'' fruits in quantity of 2 kg 560 gms is impregnated with ''amalaki'' fruits juice for twenty-one days and nights. This should be mixed with honey and ghee in the quantity of 5 kg 120 gms and added with ''pippali'' in one eighth quantity and fine sugar in one fourth quantity. This preparation now should be kept in a container lined with ghee and stored in early rains under a heap of ashes. After the rainy season is over, this should be uncovered and be used along with suitable and wholesome diet. This provides a stable life span of one hundred years devoid of senility. Other impacts affordable from this medication are as described earlier. [8]
==== ''Vidanga Avaleha'' ====
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विडङ्गतण्डुलचूर्णानामाढकमाढकं पिप्पलीतण्डुलानामध्यर्धाढकं सितोपलायाः सर्पिस्तैलमध्वाढकैः षड्भिरेकीकृतं घृतभाजनस्थं प्रावृषि भस्मराशाविति सर्वं समानं पूर्वेण यावदाशीः||९||
(इत्यामलकायसं ब्राह्मरसायनम्)|
(इति विडङ्गावलेहः)|
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viḍaṅgataṇḍulacūrṇānāmāḍhakamāḍhakaṁpippalītaṇḍulānāmadhyardhāḍhakaṁ sitōpalāyāḥ sarpistailamadhvāḍhakaiḥ ṣaḍbhirēkīkr̥taṁ ghr̥tabhājanasthaṁ prāvr̥ṣi bhasmarāśāviti sarvaṁ samānaṁ pūrvēṇa yāvadāśīḥ||9||
(iti viḍaṅgāvalēhaḥ)|
jamadagnirbharadvājō bhr̥guranyē ca tadvidhāḥ||4||
viDa~ggataNDulacUrNAnAmADhakamADhakaM pippalItaNDulAnAmadhyardhADhakaM sitopalAyAH sarpistailamadhvADhakaiH ShaDbhirekIkRutaMghRutabhAjanasthaM prAvRuShi bhasmarAshAviti sarvaM samAnaM pUrveNa yAvadAshIH||9||
prayujya prayatā muktāḥ śramavyādhijarābhayāt|
(iti viDa~ggAvalehaH)|
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yāvadaicchaṁstapastēpustatprabhāvānmahābalāḥ||5||
Powder of ''vidanga'' and ''pippali'' fruits each 2 kg 560 gms, sugar-candy 3 kg 840 gms, ghee, oil and honey together 15 kg 360 gms – all are mixed together and kept in a pot lined with ghee and stored in early rains under a heap of ashes. The therapeutic effects are as mentioned earlier. [9]
idaṁ rasāyanaṁ cakrē brahmā vārṣasahasrikam|
==== ''Amalaka Avaleha'' ====
jarāvyādhipraśamanaṁ buddhīndriyabalapradam||6||
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(ityāmalakāyasaṁ brāhmarasāyanam)
यथोक्तगुणानामामलकानां सहस्रमार्द्रपलाशद्रोण्यां सपिधानायां बाष्पमनुद्वमन्त्यामारण्यगोमयाग्निभिरुपस्वेदयेत्, तानि सुस्विन्नशीतान्युद्धृतकुलकान्यापोथ्याढकेन पिप्पलीचूर्णानामाढकेन च विडङ्गतण्डुलचूर्णानामध्यर्धेन चाढकेन शर्कराया द्वाभ्यां द्वाभ्यामाढकाभ्यां तैलस्य मधुनः सर्पिषश्च संयोज्य शुचौ दृढे घृतभाविते कुम्भे स्थापयेदेकविंशतिरात्रम्, अत ऊर्ध्वं प्रयोगः; अस्य
प्रयोगाद्वर्षशतमजरमायुस्तिष्ठतीति समानं पूर्वेण||१०|||
bhavanti cAtra-
(इत्यामलकावलेहोऽपरः)|
etadrasAyanaM pUrvaM vasiShThaH kashyapo~a~ggirAH|
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jamadagnirbharadvAjo bhRuguranye ca tadvidhAH||4||
yathōktaguṇānāmāmalakānāṁ sahasramārdrapalāśadrōṇyāṁ sapidhānāyāṁ
bāṣpamanudvamantyāmāraṇyagōmayāgnibhirupasvēdayēt, tāni susvinnaśītānyuddhr̥takulakānyāpōthyāḍhakēna pippalīcūrṇānāmāḍhakēna caviḍaṅgataṇḍulacūrṇānāmadhyardhēna cāḍhakēna śarkarāyā dvābhyāṁ dvābhyāmāḍhakābhyāṁ tailasya madhunaḥ sarpiṣaśca saṁyōjya śucau dr̥ḍhē ghr̥tabhāvitē kumbhē sthāpayēdēkaviṁśatirātram, ata ūrdhvaṁ prayōgaḥ; asya prayōgādvarṣaśatamajaramāyustiṣṭhatīti samānaṁ pūrvēṇa||10||
prayujya prayatA muktAH shramavyAdhijarAbhayAt|
(ityāmalakāvalēhō'paraḥ)|
yAvadaicchaMstapastepustatprabhAvAnmahAbalAH||5||
yathoktaguNAnAmAmalakAnAM sahasramArdrapalAshadroNyAM sapidhAnAyAM bAShpamanudvamantyAmAraNyagomayAgnibhirupasvedayet, tAnisusvinnashItAnyuddhRutakulakAnyApothyADhakena pippalIcUrNAnAmADhakena ca viDa~ggataNDulacUrNAnAmadhyardhena cADhakena sharkarAyA dvAbhyAMdvAbhyAmADhakAbhyAM tailasya madhunaH sarpiShashca saMyojya shucau dRuDhe ghRutabhAvite kumbhe sthApayedekaviMshatirAtram, ata UrdhvaM prayogaH;asya prayogAdvarShashatamajaramAyustiShThatIti samAnaM pUrveNa||10||
idaM rasAyanaM cakre brahmA vArShasahasrikam|
(ityAmalakAvaleho~aparaH)|
jarAvyAdhiprashamanaM buddhIndriyabalapradam||6||
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(ityAmalakAyasaM brAhmarasAyanam)|
One thousand ''amalaka'' fruits having aforesaid qualities should be heated in a covered tub made of fresh ''palasha'' wood which does not emit vapour with wild cow dung fire. When they are heated properly and when self cooled their seeds should be removed and the remaining material should be crushed. Thereafter ''pippali'' powder 2 kg 560 gms, ''vidanga'' powder 2 kg 560 gms, sugar 3 kg 840 gms, oil, honey and ghee each 5 kg 120 gms should be added to it. The preparation then should be kept in a clean and strong container laced with ghee and stored for twenty one days and nights. Thereafter it should be used. By its use, life span of one hundred years stands devoid of senility, other impacts are as said before. [10]
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==== ''Nagabala Rasayana'' ====
Here are the verses-
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This ''rasayana'' preparation in ancient times was used by Vasishtha, Kashyapa, Angiras, Jamadagni, Bharadwaja, Bhrigu and similar other ''rishis'' who by consumption of this medication became free from exertion, disease, senility and fear and acquired great strength due to its effect and performed penance as desired. This ''rasayana'' preparation was developed by Brahma and it provides a life span of one thousand years, alleviates senility and disease and promotes strength of intellect and senses. [4-6]
धन्वनि कुशास्तीर्णे स्निग्धकृष्णमधुरमृत्तिके सुवर्णवर्णमृत्तिके वा व्यपगतविषश्वापदपवनसलिलाग्निदोषे कर्षणवल्मीकश्मशानचैत्योषरावसथवर्जिते देशे यथर्तुसुखपवनसलिलादित्यसेविते जातान्यनुपहतान्यनध्यारूढान्यबालान्यजीर्णान्यधिगतवीर्याणि शीर्णपुराणपर्णान्यसञ्जातान्यपर्णानि तपसि तपस्ये वा मासे शुचिः प्रयतः कृतदेवार्चनः स्वस्ति वाचयित्वा द्विजातीन् चले सुमुहूर्ते नागबलामूलान्युद्धरेत्, तेषां सुप्रक्षालितानां त्वक्पिण्डमाम्रमात्रमक्षमात्रं वा श्लक्ष्णपिष्टमालोड्य पयसा प्रातः प्रयोजयेत्, चूर्णीकृतानि वा पिबेत् पयसा, मधुसर्पिर्भ्यां वा संयोज्यभक्षयेत्, जीर्णे च क्षीरसर्पिर्भ्यां शालिषष्टिकमश्नीयात्| संवत्सरप्रयोगादस्य वर्षशतमजरं वयस्तिष्ठतीति समानं पूर्वेण||११||
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(इति नागबलारसायनम्)|
तपसा ब्रह्मचर्येण ध्यानेन प्रशमेन च|
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रसायनविधानेन कालयुक्तेन चायुषा||७||
dhanvani kuśāstīrṇē snigdhakr̥ṣṇamadhuramr̥ttikē suvarṇavarṇamr̥ttikē vā vyapagataviṣaśvāpadapavanasalilāgnidōṣēkarṣaṇavalmīkaśmaśānacaityōṣarāvasathavarjitē dēśē yathartusukhapavanasalilādityasēvitē jātānyanupahatānyanadhyārūḍhānyabālānyajīrṇānyadhigatavīryāṇiśīrṇapurāṇaparṇānyasañjātānyaparṇānitapasi tapasyē vā māsē śuciḥ prayataḥ kr̥tadēvārcanaḥ svasti vācayitvā dvijātīn calē sumuhūrtē nāgabalāmūlānyuddharēt, tēṣāṁ suprakṣālitānāṁ tvakpiṇḍamāmramātramakṣamātraṁ vā ślakṣṇapiṣṭamālōḍya payasā prātaḥ prayōjayēt, cūrṇīkr̥tāni vā pibēt payasā, madhusarpirbhyāṁ vā saṁyōjya bhakṣayēt, jīrṇē ca kṣīrasarpirbhyāṁ śāliṣaṣṭikamaśnīyāt| saṁvatsaraprayōgādasya varṣaśatamajaraṁ vayastiṣṭhatīti samānaṁ pūrvēṇa||11||
(iti nāgabalārasāyanam)|
dhanvani kushAstIrNe snigdhakRuShNamadhuramRuttike suvarNavarNamRuttike vA vyapagataviShashvApadapavanasalilAgnidoShekarShaNavalmIkashmashAnacaityoSharAvasathavarjite deshe yathartusukhapavanasalilAdityasevitejAtAnyanupahatAnyanadhyArUDhAnyabAlAnyajIrNAnyadhigatavIryANi shIrNapurANaparNAnyasa~jjAtAnyaparNAni [1] tapasi tapasye vA mAse shuciH prayataHkRutadevArcanaH svasti vAcayitvA dvijAtIn cale [2] sumuhUrte nAgabalAmUlAnyuddharet, teShAM suprakShAlitAnAM tvakpiNDamAmramAtramakShamAtraM vAshlakShNapiShTamAloDya payasA prAtaH prayojayet, cUrNIkRutAni vA pibet payasA, madhusarpirbhyAM vA saMyojya bhakShayet, jIrNe ca kShIrasarpirbhyAM [3]shAliShaShTikamashnIyAt|
saMvatsaraprayogAdasya varShashatamajaraM vayastiShThatIti samAnaM pUrveNa||11||
(iti nAgabalArasAyanam)|
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One should collect the roots of ''nagabala'' in ''chala muhurta'' in the month of ''Magha'' or ''Phalguna'' while being clean and attentive, having worshipped the deities and engaging the ''brahmanas'' to recite auspicious mantras. The plant should have grown in a forest area covered in ''kusha'' grass, having soil unctuous, black and sweet or of golden color, devoid of poison, injurious animals and defect of wind, water and fire, and also of cultivation defects, ant-hill, cremation ground, sacred tree, infertile area and habitation and having proper access to air, water and the sun according to season, the roots should be undamaged, in-encroached, neither immature nor too old, possessed with potency, having shed off the old leaves and with new leaves not appeared. The roots should be washed well and the bark should be taken in the dose of 40 gms, finely pounded and mixed with milk in every morning or as powder with milk or along with honey and ghee. After the medicine is digested, one should take diet of ''shali'' and ''shashtika'' rice along with milk and ghee. If used regularly for a year, it makes the life span for one hundred years without senility. Other outcomes are as described before. [11]
==== Rasayana herbs ====
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बलातिबलाचन्दनागुरुधवतिनिशखदिरशिंशपासनस्वरसाः पुनर्नवान्ताश्चौषधयो दश नागबलया व्याख्याताः| स्वरसानामलाभे त्वयं स्वरसविधिः- चूर्णानामाढकमाढकमुदकस्याहोरात्रस्थितं मृदितपूतं स्वरसवत् प्रयोज्यम्||१२||
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balātibalācandanāgurudhavatiniśakhadiraśiṁśapāsanasvarasāḥpunarnavāntāścauṣadhayō daśa nāgabalayā vyākhyātāḥ| svarasānāmalābhē tvayaṁ svarasavidhiḥ- cūrṇānāmāḍhakamāḍhakamudakasyāhōrātrasthitaṁ mr̥ditapūtaṁ svarasavat prayōjyam||12||
balAtibalAcandanAgurudhavatinishakhadirashiMshapAsanasvarasAH punarnavAntAshcauShadhayo dasha [1] nAgabalayA vyAkhyAtAH|
svarasAnAmalAbhe tvayaM svarasavidhiH- cUrNAnAmADhakamADhakamudakasyAhorAtrasthitaM mRuditapUtaM svarasavat prayojyam||12||
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The juice of ''bala, atibala, chandana, aguru, dhava, tinisha, khadira,'' and ''shimshapa'' and the ten age sustaining drugs are used by the method as in case of ''nagabala''. If the fresh juice is not available this method should be adopted- 2 kg 560 gms drug should be dipped in equal quantity of water for the day and night, then it should be pressed and filtered and used as ''swarasa''. [12]
==== Various preparations of Bhallataka ====
===== ''Bhallataka Ksheeram'' =====
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भल्लातकान्यनुपहतान्यनामयान्यापूर्णरसप्रमाणवीर्याणि पक्वजाम्बवप्रकाशानि शुचौ शुक्रे वा मासेसङ्गृह्य यवपल्ले माषपल्ले वानिधापयेत्, तानि चतुर्मासस्थितानि सहसि सहस्ये वा मासे
प्रयोक्तुमारभेतशीतस्निग्धमधुरोपस्कृतशरीरः|
पूर्वं दशभल्लातकान्यापोथ्याष्टगुणेनाम्भसा साधुसाधयेत्, तेषां रसमष्टभागावशेषं पूतं सपयस्कं पिबेत्सर्पिषाऽन्तर्मुखमभ्यज्य|
तान्येकैकभल्लातकोत्कर्षापकर्षेण दशभल्लातकान्यात्रिंशतः प्रयोज्यानि, नातः परमुत्कर्षः|
प्रयोगविधानेन सहस्रपर एवभल्लातकप्रयोगः|
जीर्णे च ससर्पिषा पयसाशालिषष्टिकाशनमुपचारः, प्रयोगान्ते च द्विस्तावत् पयसैवोपचारः|
तत्प्रयोगाद्वर्षशतमजरं वयस्तिष्ठतीति समानं पूर्वेण||१३||
(इति भल्लातकक्षीरम्)|
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bhallātakānyanupahatānyanāmayānyāpūrṇarasapramāṇavīryāṇipakvajāmbavaprakāśāni śucau śukrē vā māsē saṅgr̥hya yavapallē māṣapallē vā nidhāpayēt, tāni caturmāsasthitāni sahasi sahasyē vā māsē prayōktumārabhēta śītasnigdhamadhurōpaskr̥taśarīraḥ| pūrvaṁ daśabhallātakānyāpōthyāṣṭaguṇēnāmbhasā sādhu sādhayēt, tēṣāṁ rasamaṣṭabhāgāvaśēṣaṁ pūtaṁ sapayaskaṁ pibētsarpiṣā'ntarmukhamabhyajya|
tānyēkaikabhallātakōtkarṣāpakarṣēṇa daśabhallātakānyātriṁśataḥ prayōjyāni,
nātaḥ paramutkarṣaḥ| prayōgavidhānēna sahasrapara ēva bhallātakaprayōgaḥ|
jīrṇē ca sasarpiṣā payasā śāliṣaṣṭikāśanamupacāraḥ, prayōgāntē ca dvistāvat
payasaivōpacāraḥ| tatprayōgādvarṣaśatamajaraṁ vayastiṣṭhatīti samānaṁ pūrvēṇa||13||
(iti bhallātakakṣīram)|
bhallAtakAnyanupahatAnyanAmayAnyApUrNarasapramANavIryANi pakvajAmbavaprakAshAni shucau shukre vA mAse sa~ggRuhya yavapalle mAShapalle vAnidhApayet, tAni caturmAsasthitAni sahasi sahasye vA mAse prayoktumArabheta shItasnigdhamadhuropaskRutasharIraH|
pUrvaM dashabhallAtakAnyApothyAShTaguNenAmbhasA sAdhu sAdhayet, teShAM rasamaShTabhAgAvasheShaM pUtaM sapayaskaM pibetsarpiShA~antarmukhamabhyajya|
tAnyekaikabhallAtakotkarShApakarSheNa dashabhallAtakAnyAtriMshataH prayojyAni, nAtaH paramutkarShaH|
prayogavidhAnena sahasrapara eva bhallAtakaprayogaH|
jIrNe ca sasarpiShA payasA shAliShaShTikAshanamupacAraH, prayogAnte ca dvistAvat payasaivopacAraH|
tatprayogAdvarShashatamajaraM vayastiShThatIti samAnaM pUrveNa||13||
(iti bhallAtakakShIram)|
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The fruits of ''bhallataka'' – undamaged, undiseased, mature in taste, size and potency, looking like ripe ''jamboo'' fruits should be collected in the month of ''jyeshtha'' and ''ashadha'' and be stored within the granary of barley or black gram. After four months, in the month of ''Agrahayana'' or ''Pausha'' they should be taken out for use by one who has made his body fit through the intake of cold, unctuous and sweet substances. At first ten fruits of ''bhallataka'' should be crushed and boiled in ten times of water, when 1/8 extract remains, it should be filtered and taken mixed with milk after smearing the inner part of the mouth with ghee. Gradually increasing the dose by one fruit per day it should be led to thirty which is the maximum dose. In this way the total number of fruits taken comes to one thousand. When the drug is digested, one should take ''shali'' and ''shashtika'' rice with milk added with ghee. After the treatment is over, the patient should live on milk diet for the period double to that of treatment. By this one attains stable life span of one hundred years without senility. Other impacts of the treatment are as mentioned before. [13]
===== ''Bhallataka Kshaudram'' =====
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भल्लातकानां जर्जरीकृतानां पिष्टस्वेदनं पूरयित्वा भूमावाकण्ठं निखातस्य स्नेहभावितस्य दृढस्योपरि कुम्भस्यारोप्योडुपेनापिधाय कृष्णमृत्तिकावलिप्तंगोमयाग्निभिरुपस्वेदयेत्; तेषां यः स्वरसः कुम्भं प्रपद्येत, तमष्टभागमधुसम्प्रयुक्तं द्विगुणघृतमद्यात्; तत्प्रयोगाद्वर्षशतमजरं वयस्तिष्ठतीति समानं पूर्वेण||१४||
(इतिभल्लातकक्षौद्रम्)|
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bhallātakānāṁ jarjarīkr̥tānāṁ piṣṭasvēdanaṁ pūrayitvā bhūmāvākaṇṭhaṁ nikhātasya snēhabhāvitasya dr̥ḍhasyōpari kumbhasyārōpyōḍupēnāpidhāya kr̥ṣṇamr̥ttikāvaliptaṁgōmayāgnibhirupasvēdayēt; tēṣāṁ yaḥ svarasaḥ kumbhaṁ prapadyēta, tamaṣṭabhāgamadhusamprayuktaṁ dviguṇaghr̥tamadyāt; tatprayōgādvarṣaśatamajaraṁ vayastiṣṭhatīti samānaṁ pūrvēṇa||14||
(iti bhallātakakṣaudram)|
bhallAtakAnAM jarjarIkRutAnAM piShTasvedanaM pUrayitvA bhUmAvAkaNThaM nikhAtasya snehabhAvitasya dRuDhasyopari kumbhasyAropyoDupenApidhAyakRuShNamRuttikAvaliptaM gomayAgnibhirupasvedayet; teShAM yaH svarasaH kumbhaM prapadyeta, tamaShTabhAgamadhusamprayuktaM dviguNaghRutamadyAt;tatprayogAdvarShashatamajaraM vayastiShThatIti samAnaM pUrveNa||14||
(iti bhallAtakakShaudram)|
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The fruits of ''bhallataka'' should be crushed and filled in a heating pot which is put on a firm and oiled (with ghee) pitcher already dug underground up to the neck covered with a lid. Then after pushing it with black earth, it should be heated with cow dung fire. The extract which is collected in the lower pitcher should be taken out. It should be taken mixed with 1/8 honey and double the quantity of ghee. Regular use of this makes a person of the stable life span of one hundred years without senility. Other outcomes of this treatment are as described before. [14]
===== ''Bhallataka Tailam'' =====
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भल्लातकतैलपात्रं सपयस्कं मधुकेन कल्केनाक्षमात्रेण शतपाकं कुर्यादिति समानं पूर्वेण||१५||
(इति भल्लातकतैलम्)|
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bhallātakatailapātraṁ sapayaskaṁ madhukēna kalkēnākṣamātrēṇa śatapākaṁ
kuryāditi samānaṁ pūrvēṇa||15||
(iti bhallātakatailam)|
bhallAtakatailapAtraM sapayaskaM madhukena kalkenAkShamAtreNa shatapAkaM kuryAditi samAnaM pUrveNa||15||
(iti bhallAtakatailam)|
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The above ''bhallataka taila'' should be taken in quantity of 2 kg 560 gms and cooked along with milk and paste of ''madhuka'' in 1/8 quantity. This should be repeated hundred times. Other details are as above.
===== Other preparations of ''bhallataka'' =====
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भल्लातकसर्पिः भल्लातकक्षीरं, भल्लातकक्षौद्रं, गुडभल्लातकं, भल्लातकयूषः, भल्लातकतैलं, भल्लातकपललं, भल्लातकसक्तवः, भल्लातकलवणं,भल्लातकतर्पणम्, इति भल्लातकविधानमुक्तं भवति||१६||
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bhallātakasarpiḥ bhallātakakṣīraṁ, bhallātakakṣaudraṁ, guḍabhallātakaṁ, bhallātakayūṣaḥ, bhallātakatailaṁ, bhallātakapalalaṁ, bhallātakasaktavaḥ, bhallātakalavaṇaṁ, bhallātakatarpaṇam, iti bhallātakavidhānamuktaṁ bhavati||16||
bhallAtakasarpiH [1] , bhallAtakakShIraM, bhallAtakakShaudraM, guDabhallAtakaM, bhallAtakayUShaH, bhallAtakatailaM, bhallAtakapalalaM, bhallAtakasaktavaH,bhallAtakalavaNaM, bhallAtakatarpaNam, iti bhallAtakavidhAnamuktaM bhavati||16||
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''Bhallataka'' is used in the following forms - ''Bhallataka ghrita, bhallataka-ksheeram, bhallataka-kshaudra, guda-bhallataka, bhallataka-yusha, bhallataka-taila, bhallataka-palala, bhallataka-saktu, bhallataka-lavana, bhallataka-tarpana.'' [16]
===== Benefits of ''Bhallataka'' =====
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भवन्तिचात्र-
भल्लातकानि तीक्ष्णानि पाकीन्यग्निसमानिच|
भवन्त्यमृतकल्पानि प्रयुक्तानि यथाविधि||१७||
एते दशविधास्त्वेषां प्रयोगाःपरिकीर्तिताः|
रोगप्रकृतिसात्म्यज्ञस्तान् प्रयोगान् प्रकल्पयेत्||१८||
कफजो न स रोगोऽस्ति न विबन्धोऽस्ति कश्चन|
यं न भल्लातकं हन्याच्छीघ्रं मेधाग्निवर्धनम्||१९||
(इति भल्लातकविधिः)|
प्राणकामाः पुरा जीर्णाश्च्यवनाद्या महर्षयः|
रसायनैः शिवैरेतैर्बभूवुरमितायुषः||२०||
ब्राह्मं तपो ब्रह्मचर्यमध्यात्मध्यानमेव च|
दीर्घायुषो यथाकामं सम्भृत्य त्रिदिवं गताः||२१||
तस्मादायुःप्रकर्षार्थं प्राणकामैःसुखार्थिभिः|
रसायनविधिः सेव्यो विधिवत्सुसमाहितैः||२२||
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bhavanticātra-
bhallātakāni tīkṣṇāni pākīnyagnisamānica|
bhavantyamr̥takalpāni prayuktāni yathāvidhi||17||
ētē daśavidhāstvēṣāṁ prayōgāḥparikīrtitāḥ|
rōgaprakr̥tisātmyajñastān prayōgān prakalpayēt||18||
kaphajō na sa rōgō'sti navibandhō'stikaścana|
yaṁ na bhallātakaṁ hanyācchīghraṁ mēdhāgnivardhanam||19||
(iti bhallātakavidhiḥ)|
prāṇakāmāḥ purā jīrṇāścyavanādyāmaharṣayaḥ|
rasāyanaiḥ śivairētairbabhūvuramitāyuṣaḥ||20||
brāhmaṁ tapō brahmacaryamadhyātmadhyānamēva ca|
dīrghāyuṣō yathākāmaṁ sambhr̥tya tridivaṁ gatāḥ||21||
tasmādāyuḥprakarṣārthaṁ prāṇakāmaiḥ sukhārthibhiḥ|
rasāyanavidhiḥ sēvyō vidhivatsusamāhitaiḥ||22||
bhavanti cAtra-
bhallAtakAni tIkShNAni pAkInyagnisamAni ca|
bhavantyamRutakalpAni prayuktAni yathAvidhi||17||
ete dashavidhAstveShAM prayogAH parikIrtitAH|
rogaprakRutisAtmyaj~jastAn prayogAn prakalpayet||18||
kaphajo na sa rogo~asti na vibandho~asti kashcana|
yaM na bhallAtakaM hanyAcchIghraM medhAgnivardhanam||19||
(iti bhallAtakavidhiH)|
prANakAmAH purA jIrNAshcyavanAdyA maharShayaH|
rasAyanaiH shivairetairbabhUvuramitAyuShaH||20||
brAhmaM [1] tapo brahmacaryamadhyAtmadhyAnameva ca|
dIrghAyuSho yathAkAmaM sambhRutya tridivaM gatAH||21||
tasmAdAyuHprakarShArthaM prANakAmaiH sukhArthibhiH|
rasAyanavidhiH sevyo vidhivatsusamAhitaiH||22||
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Here are the verses-
The fruits of ''bhallataka'' are irritant, inflaming and are like fire but they assume nectar like properties if used as prescribed. Their use in the above ten forms is described which should be prescribed considering the disease, constitution, and suitability. There is no disorder of ''kapha'' and obstructive condition which is not ameliorated by ''bhallataka'' quickly. Moreover, it promotes intellect and ''agni''.
In early days, the old great sages like Chyavana etc, who desiring vital strength, attained immeasurable life span by using these beneficial ''rasayana'' formulations. After attaining longevity they performed as desired, spiritual penance, celibacy and self- medications and ascended to the heaven. Hence those who desire longevity, vital strength and happiness should use the ''rasayana'' methodically and carefully. [17-22]
==== Summary ====
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तत्र श्लोकः-
रसायनानां संयोगाः सिद्धाभूतहितैषिणा|
निर्दिष्टाः प्राणकामीये सप्तत्रिंशन्महर्षिणा ||२३||
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tatra ślōkaḥ-
rasāyanānāṁ saṁyōgāḥ siddhā bhūtahitaiṣiṇā|
nirdiṣṭāḥ prāṇakāmīyē saptatriṁśanmaharṣiṇā ||23||
tatra shlokaH-
rasAyanAnAM saMyogAH siddhA bhUtahitaiShiNA|
nirdiShTAH prANakAmIye saptatriMshanmaharShiNA ||23||
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Now the summing up verse -
In this quarter relating to desire for vital strength the great sage, compassionate on creatures, described thirty seven successful formulations of rasayana. [23]
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इत्यग्निवेशकृते तन्त्रे चरकप्रतिसंस्कृते चिकित्सास्थाने रसायनाध्याये प्राणकामीयो नाम रसायनपादो द्वितीयः||२||
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ityagnivēśakr̥tē tantrē carakapratisaṁskr̥tē cikitsāsthānē rasāyanādhyāyē prāṇakāmīyō nāma rasāyanapādō dvitīyaḥ||2||
ityagniveshakRute tantre carakapratisaMskRute cikitsAsthAne rasAyanAdhyAye prANakAmIyo nAma rasAyanapAdo dvitIyaH||2||
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Thus ends the second quarter on desire for vital strength in the chapter on [[Rasayana]] in [[Chikitsa Sthana]] in the treatise composed by Agnivesha and redacted by Charak.[2]
=== Part III-''Karaprachitiyam Rasayana Pada''===
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अथातः करप्रचितीयं रसायनपादंव्याख्यास्यामः||१||
इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||
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athātaḥ karapracitīyaṁ rasāyanapādaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1||
iti ha smāha bhagavānātrēyaḥ||2||
athAtaH karapracitIyaM rasAyanapAdaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH||1||
iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||
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Now we shall expound the third quarter "Karaprachitiyam Rasayana Pada". Thus said Lord Atreya.[1-2]
Note: The section deals with rejuvenation effects of hand- plucked fruits of ''amalaki''.
==== ''Amalakayasa Brahma Rasayana'' ====
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करप्रचितानां यथोक्तगुणानामामलकानामुद्धृतास्थ्नां शुष्कचूर्णितानां पुनर्माघे फाल्गुने वा मासे त्रिःसप्तकृत्वः स्वरसपरिपीतानां पुनः शुष्कचूर्णीकृतानामाढकमेकंग्राहयेत्, अथ जीवनीयानां बृंहणीयानां स्तन्यजननानां शुक्रजननानां वयःस्थापनानां षड्विरेचनशताश्रितीयोक्तानामौषधगणानांचन्दनागुरुधवतिनिशखदिरशिंशपासनसाराणांचाणुशःत्तानामभयाबिभीतकपिप्पलीवचाचव्यचित्रकविडङ्गानां च समस्तानामाढकमेकं दशगुणेनाम्भसा साधयेत्, तस्मिन्नाढकावशेषे रसे सुपूते तान्यामलकचूर्णानि दत्त्वा गोमयाग्निभिर्वंशविदलशरतेजनाग्निभिर्वा साधयेद्यावदपनयाद्रसस्य, तमनुपदग्धमुपहृत्यायसीषु पात्रीष्वास्तीर्य शोषयेत्, सुशुष्कं तत् कृष्णाजिनस्योपरि दृषदि श्लक्ष्णपिष्टमयःस्थाल्यां निधापयेत्सम्यक्, तच्चूर्णमयश्चूर्णाष्टभागसम्प्रयुक्तं मधुसर्पिर्भ्यामग्निबलमभिसमीक्ष्य प्रयोजयेदिति||३||
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karapracitānāṁ yathōktaguṇānāmāmalakānāmuddhr̥tāsthnāṁ śuṣkacūrṇitānāṁ punarmāghē phālgunē vā māsē triḥsaptakr̥tvaḥ svarasaparipītānāṁ punaḥ śuṣkacūrṇīkr̥tānāmāḍhakamēkaṁ grāhayēt, atha jīvanīyānāṁ br̥ṁhaṇīyānāṁ stanyajananānāṁ śukrajananānāṁ vayaḥsthāpanānāṁ ṣaḍvirēcanaśatāśritīyōktānāmauṣadhagaṇānāṁcandanāgurudhavatiniśakhadiraśiṁśapāsanasārāṇāṁ cāṇuśaḥ kr̥ttānāmabhayābibhītakapippalīvacācavyacitrakaviḍaṅgānāṁ ca samastānāmāḍhakamēkaṁ daśaguṇēnāmbhasā sādhayēt, tasminnāḍhakāvaśēṣē rasē supūtē tānyāmalakacūrṇāni dattvā gōmayāgnibhirvaṁśavidalaśaratējanāgnibhirvā sādhayēdyāvadapanayādrasasya, tamanupadagdhamupahr̥tyāyasīṣu pātrīṣvāstīrya śōṣayēt, suśuṣkaṁ tat kr̥ṣṇājinasyōpari dr̥ṣadi ślakṣṇapiṣṭamayaḥsthālyāṁ nidhāpayēt samyak, taccūrṇamayaścūrṇāṣṭabhāgasamprayuktaṁmadhusarpirbhyāmagnibalamabhisamīkṣya prayōjayēditi||3||
karapracitAnAM yathoktaguNAnAmAmalakAnAmuddhRutAsthnAM shuShkacUrNitAnAM punarmAghe phAlgune vA mAse triHsaptakRutvaH svarasaparipItAnAMpunaH shuShkacUrNIkRutAnAmADhakamekaM grAhayet, atha jIvanIyAnAM bRuMhaNIyAnAM stanyajananAnAM shukrajananAnAM vayaHsthApanAnAMShaDvirecanashatAshritIyoktAnAmauShadhagaNAnAM [1] candanAgurudhavatinishakhadirashiMshapAsanasArANAM cANushaH [2]kRuttAnAmabhayAbibhItakapippalIvacAcavyacitrakaviDa~ggAnAM ca samastAnAmADhakamekaM dashaguNenAmbhasA sAdhayet, tasminnADhakAvasheShe rasesupUte tAnyAmalakacUrNAni dattvA gomayAgnibhirvaMshavidalasharatejanAgnibhirvA sAdhayedyAvadapanayAdrasasya, tamanupadagdhamupahRutyAyasIShupAtrIShvAstIrya shoShayet, sushuShkaM tat kRuShNAjinasyopari dRuShadi shlakShNapiShTamayaHsthAlyAM nidhApayet samyak,taccUrNamayashcUrNAShTabhAgasamprayuktaM madhusarpirbhyAmagnibalamabhisamIkShya prayojayediti||3||
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The hand plucked fruits of ''amalaki'' having qualities described should be taken, their seeds are removed and they are dried and powdered. Later in the month of ''Magha'' and ''Phalguna'', this ''amalaki'' powder should be impregnated 21 times with the juice of fresh ''amalaki'' fruits, dried and powdered again. 2 kg 560 gms of this powder should be taken. Then the drugs belonging to the groups vitalizer, bulk promoting, galactogouge, semen promoting and age sustainers mentioned in the chapter on six hundred evacuatives and finely cut heartwood of sandal, ''aguru, dhava, tinisha, khadira, shimshapa, asana'' and also of ''haritaki, bibhitaka, pippali, vacha, chavya, chitraka and vidanga'' – all together should be taken in the quantity of 2 kg 560 gms and boiled in ten times of water. When one tenth of the original volume remains, the decoction should be filtered well and added with the above powder of ''amalaka''. Now this should be heated on cow dung fire or the fire of bamboo chips or reed stalks till the liquid portion is completely evaporated. This uncharred material should be collected and is spread on iron plates for drying. When it is dried well, it should be powdered finely with stone slabs on the deer hide and stored carefully in an iron pot. This powder added with one forth quantity of iron powder (''bhasma'') and mixed with honey and ghee should be used according to one’s digestive capacity. [3]
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भवन्तिचात्र-
एतद्रसायनं पूर्वं वसिष्ठःकश्यपोऽङ्गिराः|
जमदग्निर्भरद्वाजो भृगुरन्ये च तद्विधाः||४||
प्रयुज्य प्रयता मुक्ताः श्रमव्याधिजराभयात्|
यावदैच्छंस्तपस्तेपुस्तत्प्रभावान्महाबलाः||५||
इदं रसायनं चक्रे ब्रह्मा वार्षसहस्रिकम्|
जराव्याधिप्रशमनं बुद्धीन्द्रियबलप्रदम्||६||
(इत्यामलकायसं ब्राह्मरसायनम्)|
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bhavanticātra-
ētadrasāyanaṁ pūrvaṁ vasiṣṭhaḥ kaśyapō'ṅgirāḥ|
jamadagnirbharadvājō bhr̥guranyē ca tadvidhāḥ||4||
prayujya prayatā muktāḥ śramavyādhijarābhayāt|
yāvadaicchaṁstapastēpustatprabhāvānmahābalāḥ||5||
idaṁ rasāyanaṁ cakrē brahmā vārṣasahasrikam|
jarāvyādhipraśamanaṁ buddhīndriyabalapradam||6||
(ityāmalakāyasaṁ brāhmarasāyanam)
bhavanti cAtra-
etadrasAyanaM pUrvaM vasiShThaH kashyapo~a~ggirAH|
jamadagnirbharadvAjo bhRuguranye ca tadvidhAH||4||
prayujya prayatA muktAH shramavyAdhijarAbhayAt|
yAvadaicchaMstapastepustatprabhAvAnmahAbalAH||5||
idaM rasAyanaM cakre brahmA vArShasahasrikam|
jarAvyAdhiprashamanaM buddhIndriyabalapradam||6||
(ityAmalakAyasaM brAhmarasAyanam)|
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Here are the verses-
This ''rasayana'' preparation in ancient times was used by Vasishtha, Kashyapa, Angiras, Jamadagni, Bharadwaja, Bhrigu and similar other ''rishis'' who by consumption of this medication became free from exertion, disease, senility and fear and acquired great strength due to its effect and performed penance as desired. This ''rasayana'' preparation was developed by Brahma and it provides a life span of one thousand years, alleviates senility and disease and promotes strength of intellect and senses. [4-6]
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तपसा ब्रह्मचर्येण ध्यानेन प्रशमेन च|
रसायनविधानेन कालयुक्तेन चायुषा||७||
स्थिता महर्षयः पूर्वं, नहिकिञ्चिद्रसायनम्|
स्थिता महर्षयः पूर्वं, नहिकिञ्चिद्रसायनम्|
In ancient times, the great sages attained stable life span by using the ''rasayana'' treatment properly and timely due to penance, celibacy, meditation and serenity because no ''rasayana'' treatment is successful in individuals who are not attentive, are engaged in divergent activities and live in villages. [7-8]
In ancient times, the great sages attained stable life span by using the ''rasayana'' treatment properly and timely due to penance, celibacy, meditation and serenity because no ''rasayana'' treatment is successful in individuals who are not attentive, are engaged in divergent activities and live in villages. [7-8]
==== ''Kevala Amalaka Rasayanam'' ====
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One should live in amidst cows, remain on milk diet mediate on ''Savitri mantra(Gayatri mantra)'', observing celibacy and controlling his sense organs for a year. At the end of the year, he should fast for three days and then should enter in to a forest of ''amalaki'' trees on full moon day of the month of Pausha, Magha or Phalguna. Then he should climb on one of the ''amalaki'' trees having big fruits, should take the fruit situated on a branch by hand and should wait for some time repeating the Brahman mantras till nectar descends in the fruit. During this period nectar positively resides in ''amalaka'' fruit which, due to presence of nectar, becomes sweet like sugar and honey, unctuous and soft. The person having regained youthfulness lives the number of thousand of years equal to that of fruits eaten. After getting saturated fully with them one becomes like God and Shri, Vedas and personified knowledge enters in to him spontaneously. [9-14]
One should live in amidst cows, remain on milk diet mediate on ''Savitri mantra(Gayatri mantra)'', observing celibacy and controlling his sense organs for a year. At the end of the year, he should fast for three days and then should enter in to a forest of ''amalaki'' trees on full moon day of the month of Pausha, Magha or Phalguna. Then he should climb on one of the ''amalaki'' trees having big fruits, should take the fruit situated on a branch by hand and should wait for some time repeating the Brahman mantras till nectar descends in the fruit. During this period nectar positively resides in ''amalaka'' fruit which, due to presence of nectar, becomes sweet like sugar and honey, unctuous and soft. The person having regained youthfulness lives the number of thousand of years equal to that of fruits eaten. After getting saturated fully with them one becomes like God and Shri, Vedas and personified knowledge enters in to him spontaneously. [9-14]
==== ''Lauhadi Rasayana'' ====
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The person who uses iron ''rasayana'', overcomes injury, disease, senility and death because he has acquired vital strength like that of elephant and strong sense organs. The user of the metallic ''rasayana'' for a year becomes intelligent, renowned orator, scholar and wealthy. So also the use of gold or silver ''rasayana'' also provide longevity and freedom from all ailments. [15-23]
The person who uses iron ''rasayana'', overcomes injury, disease, senility and death because he has acquired vital strength like that of elephant and strong sense organs. The user of the metallic ''rasayana'' for a year becomes intelligent, renowned orator, scholar and wealthy. So also the use of gold or silver ''rasayana'' also provide longevity and freedom from all ailments. [15-23]
==== ''Aindra Rasayana'' ====
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This precious ''aindra rasayana'' alleviates senility and diseases, promotes memory and intellect, enhances life span, and provides nourishment, excellence, clarity of voice, complexion, ''ojas'' and immunity. Magic spells, poison and pains cannot resist its effect. This ''rasayana'' alleviates leucoderma, leprosy, abdominal diseases, ''gulma'', spleenomegaly, chronic intermittent fever and the disease taking away intellect, memory and knowledge and also the severe ''vatika'' disorders. [24-29]
This precious ''aindra rasayana'' alleviates senility and diseases, promotes memory and intellect, enhances life span, and provides nourishment, excellence, clarity of voice, complexion, ''ojas'' and immunity. Magic spells, poison and pains cannot resist its effect. This ''rasayana'' alleviates leucoderma, leprosy, abdominal diseases, ''gulma'', spleenomegaly, chronic intermittent fever and the disease taking away intellect, memory and knowledge and also the severe ''vatika'' disorders. [24-29]
==== ''Medhya Rasayana'' ====
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Consumption of ''mandukaparni'' juice, the powder of ''yashtimadhu'' with milk, the juice of ''guduchi'' along with its roots and flowers and the paste of ''shankhapushpi'' – these ''rasayana'' drugs are life promoting, disease alleviating, promoters of strength, ''agni'', complexion, voice and are intellect promoting. Of them ''shankhapushpi'' is specifically intellect promoting. [30-31]
Consumption of ''mandukaparni'' juice, the powder of ''yashtimadhu'' with milk, the juice of ''guduchi'' along with its roots and flowers and the paste of ''shankhapushpi'' – these ''rasayana'' drugs are life promoting, disease alleviating, promoters of strength, ''agni'', complexion, voice and are intellect promoting. Of them ''shankhapushpi'' is specifically intellect promoting. [30-31]
==== ''Pippali Rasayana'' ====
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The individuals desirous of ''rasayana'' effect should take ''pippali'' in number of five, seven, eight or ten with honey and ghee for a year. Three ''pippali'' fruits should be taken in the morning, after meal and before meal. These fruits should first be impregnated with alkali of ''palasha'' and then fried in ghee. These should be taken with honey by those who want ''rasayana'' effect particularly in order to alleviate cough, wasting, phthisis, dyspnea, hiccup, throat disorders, piles, disorders of ''grahani'', paleness, intermittent fever, disorders of voice, chronic rhinitis, swelling, ''gulma'' and ''vatabalasaka''. [32-35]
The individuals desirous of ''rasayana'' effect should take ''pippali'' in number of five, seven, eight or ten with honey and ghee for a year. Three ''pippali'' fruits should be taken in the morning, after meal and before meal. These fruits should first be impregnated with alkali of ''palasha'' and then fried in ghee. These should be taken with honey by those who want ''rasayana'' effect particularly in order to alleviate cough, wasting, phthisis, dyspnea, hiccup, throat disorders, piles, disorders of ''grahani'', paleness, intermittent fever, disorders of voice, chronic rhinitis, swelling, ''gulma'' and ''vatabalasaka''. [32-35]
==== ''Pippali Vardhamana Rasayana'' ====
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Ten ''pippali'' should be taken with milk on the first day. From the second day onwards up to the tenth day ten fruits should be increased daily. From the eleventh day the number of fruits should be decreased gradually in the same order till it comes to ten. After the medicine is digested the person should take ''shashtika'' rice with ghee extracted from milk. Thus the use of ''pippali'' in total number of one thousand is ''rasayana'' in effect. The ''pippali'' fruits should be taken by the persons with high strength in the form of paste, by those with medium strength in that of decoction and by those with low strength in the form of powder keeping in view the ''doshas'' and diseases. The initial use of ten ''pippali'' fruits is maximum, that of six is medium and that of three is minimum. These numbers are also applicable according to the degree of strength of the patient. The ''rasayana'' use of ''pippali'' is bulk promoting, beneficial for voice and life span, alleviates spleen enlargement, sustains age and promotes intellect. [36-40]
Ten ''pippali'' should be taken with milk on the first day. From the second day onwards up to the tenth day ten fruits should be increased daily. From the eleventh day the number of fruits should be decreased gradually in the same order till it comes to ten. After the medicine is digested the person should take ''shashtika'' rice with ghee extracted from milk. Thus the use of ''pippali'' in total number of one thousand is ''rasayana'' in effect. The ''pippali'' fruits should be taken by the persons with high strength in the form of paste, by those with medium strength in that of decoction and by those with low strength in the form of powder keeping in view the ''doshas'' and diseases. The initial use of ten ''pippali'' fruits is maximum, that of six is medium and that of three is minimum. These numbers are also applicable according to the degree of strength of the patient. The ''rasayana'' use of ''pippali'' is bulk promoting, beneficial for voice and life span, alleviates spleen enlargement, sustains age and promotes intellect. [36-40]
==== ''Triphala Rasayana'' ====
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One ''haritaki'' after digestion, two ''bibhitaka'' before meal and four ''amalaki'' after meal should be taken with honey and ghee for a year. This ''triphala rasayana'' helps a person live for one hundred years free from senility and disease. (41-42)
One ''haritaki'' after digestion, two ''bibhitaka'' before meal and four ''amalaki'' after meal should be taken with honey and ghee for a year. This ''triphala rasayana'' helps a person live for one hundred years free from senility and disease. (41-42)
==== ''Triphala Rasayana'' ====
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A new iron plate should be pasted with the paste of ''triphala''. After twenty-four hours this paste should be collected and dissolved in honey water and consumed. After the medicine is digested one should take a meal with plenty of fat. By observing this procedure for a year one lives one hundred years free from senility and illness. [43-44]
A new iron plate should be pasted with the paste of ''triphala''. After twenty-four hours this paste should be collected and dissolved in honey water and consumed. After the medicine is digested one should take a meal with plenty of fat. By observing this procedure for a year one lives one hundred years free from senility and illness. [43-44]
==== ''Triphala Rasayana'' ====
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''Triphala'' mixed with ''madhuka, tugaksheeri, pippali'' along with honey and ghee or ''triphala'' with sugar is an effective ''rasayana''. [45]
''Triphala'' mixed with ''madhuka, tugaksheeri, pippali'' along with honey and ghee or ''triphala'' with sugar is an effective ''rasayana''. [45]
==== ''Triphala Rasayana'' ====
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''Triphala'' along with all six metals including gold, ''vacha'' or with ''vidanga'' and ''pippali'' or with ''lavana'' taken with honey and ghee for a year promotes intellect, memory and strength, longevity and excellence and relieves senility and diseases. [46-47]
''Triphala'' along with all six metals including gold, ''vacha'' or with ''vidanga'' and ''pippali'' or with ''lavana'' taken with honey and ghee for a year promotes intellect, memory and strength, longevity and excellence and relieves senility and diseases. [46-47]
==== Properties of ''Shilajatu rasayana'' ====
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Thus ends the third quarter on hand plucked (''amalaki'' fruits) in the chapter on ''rasayana'' in [[Chikitsa Sthana]] in the treatise composed by Agnivesha and redacted by Charak. [3]
Thus ends the third quarter on hand plucked (''amalaki'' fruits) in the chapter on ''rasayana'' in [[Chikitsa Sthana]] in the treatise composed by Agnivesha and redacted by Charak. [3]
=== Part IV: ''[[Ayurveda]]samutthaniyam Rasayana Pada'' ===
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Now I shall deliberate upon the fourth quarter (''pada'') in the chapter on ''rasayana'' dealing with the uplift of the science of life. As propounded by Lord Atreya. [1-2]
Now we shall expound the fourth quarter "[[Ayurveda]]samutthaniyam Rasayana Pada". Thus said Lord Atreya. [1-2]
Note: This section deals with uplifting science of life ([[Ayurveda]]).
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After listening to the wisdom of the king of gods, all the rishis praised the precepter with incantations and applauded his statement with great pleasure. [5]
After listening to the wisdom of the king of gods, all the rishis praised the precepter with incantations and applauded his statement with great pleasure. [5]
==== ''Indrokta Rasayana'' ====
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The indoor regimen of ''rasayana'' therapy is prescribed for those who are fit, disease free, wise, self controlled, leisurely and are wealthy otherwise the outdoor method of ''vatatapika rasayana'' therapy is advisable. The former kind of regimen is, no doubt superior but is difficult to operate. If during the treatment some complications arise due to faulty methods, better treatment is planned after discontinuing the initial course of ''rasayana'' therapy. [27-29]
The indoor regimen of ''rasayana'' therapy is prescribed for those who are fit, disease free, wise, self controlled, leisurely and are wealthy otherwise the outdoor method of ''vatatapika rasayana'' therapy is advisable. The former kind of regimen is, no doubt superior but is difficult to operate. If during the treatment some complications arise due to faulty methods, better treatment is planned after discontinuing the initial course of ''rasayana'' therapy. [27-29]
==== ''Achara Rasayana'' ====
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[[Ayurveda]] has been empowered by the great ''rishis'' devoted to piety and wishing immortality for welfare and not for earning or enjoyment. One who takes up the treatment only for human welfare and not for earning or self enjoyment supersedes all and those who sell the regimen of therapy for livelihood and devoted to the heap of dust leaving aside the store of gold. One who provides life to those being dragged to the abode of death by severe diseases while cutting the death nets cannot be simulated with any other donor of virtue and wealth because there is no charity better than providing life. The physician who is compassionate on living being as the highest virtue, proceeds in treatment of patients, achieves all objects and enjoy maximum happiness. [55-62]
[[Ayurveda]] has been empowered by the great ''rishis'' devoted to piety and wishing immortality for welfare and not for earning or enjoyment. One who takes up the treatment only for human welfare and not for earning or self enjoyment supersedes all and those who sell the regimen of therapy for livelihood and devoted to the heap of dust leaving aside the store of gold. One who provides life to those being dragged to the abode of death by severe diseases while cutting the death nets cannot be simulated with any other donor of virtue and wealth because there is no charity better than providing life. The physician who is compassionate on living being as the highest virtue, proceeds in treatment of patients, achieves all objects and enjoy maximum happiness. [55-62]
==== Summary ====
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== Vidhi Vimarsha (Applied Inferences ) ==
== Vidhi Vimarsha (Applied Inferences ) ==
=== The order of sections ===
The order in which various ''sthana'' (sections) of [[Charak Samhita]] are arranged is also significant. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] is placed after [[Indriya Sthana]]. [[Indriya Sthana]] describes the signs and symptoms which indicate certain death of a person. The treatment in such conditions results in failure. Therefore, it must be avoided. The treatment in such conditions should be continued with proper knowledge and also with due consent. After describing limitations of treatment in [[Indriya Sthana]], [[Chikitsa Sthana]] describes successful treatment of rest of conditions.
The order in which various ''sthana'' (sections) of [[Charak Samhita]] are arranged is also significant. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] is placed after [[Indriya Sthana]]. [[Indriya Sthana]] describes the signs and symptoms which indicate certain death of a person. The treatment in such conditions results in failure. Therefore, it must be avoided. The treatment in such conditions should be continued with proper knowledge and also with due consent. After describing limitations of treatment in [[Indriya Sthana]], [[Chikitsa Sthana]] describes successful treatment of rest of conditions.
=== Different levels of treatment ===
According to [[Ayurveda]], the life is conglomeration of four factors namely ''shareera'' (the body made up of five ''mahabhootas''), ''indriya'' (the sensory faculty), ''sattva'' or ''mana'' (mind) and ''atma'' (the soul). On this basis, disease is also studied at different levels. Therefore, the treatment also is performed at different levels. After initial treatment for relief, [[Ayurveda]] describes ''prayoga'' (long term treatment for complete cure) and ''apunarbhava chikitsa'' (treatment which prevents recurrence of the disease) to maintain and promote health, ''rasayana'' is given.
According to [[Ayurveda]], the life is conglomeration of four factors namely ''shareera'' (the body made up of five ''mahabhootas''), ''indriya'' (the sensory faculty), ''sattva'' or ''mana'' (mind) and ''atma'' (the soul). On this basis, disease is also studied at different levels. Therefore, the treatment also is performed at different levels. After initial treatment for relief, [[Ayurveda]] describes ''prayoga'' (long term treatment for complete cure) and ''apunarbhava chikitsa'' (treatment which prevents recurrence of the disease) to maintain and promote health, ''rasayana'' is given.
=== Various aspects of ''Chikitsa'' (treatment) ===
At the beginning of the chapter, various aspects of treatment are explained by using various synonyms. ''Chikitsita'' are means for curing disease. ''Pathya'' means specific wholesome diet and regimens which will help to cure disease, it also means that which maintains normalcy of ''srotas'' (channels for transportation and transformation of nutrients in the destined body constituent). ''Sadhana'' means various instruments and procedures helpful for successful treatment. ''Aushadha'' are medicines obtained from herbs. ''Prayashchitta'' means the redressal for diseases originating from previous deeds of the person. ''Prashamana'' is that which leads to complete cure. ''Prakriti'' (specific constitution of a person) makes him prone for certain diseases. ''Prakritisthapana'' helps to protect a person from them by maintaining balance of all three ''doshas''. ''Hita'' is that which helps to make ''dhatus'' stable and protect them from diseases. (verse 3)
At the beginning of the chapter, various aspects of treatment are explained by using various synonyms. ''Chikitsita'' are means for curing disease. ''Pathya'' means specific wholesome diet and regimens which will help to cure disease, it also means that which maintains normalcy of ''srotas'' (channels for transportation and transformation of nutrients in the destined body constituent). ''Sadhana'' means various instruments and procedures helpful for successful treatment. ''Aushadha'' are medicines obtained from herbs. ''Prayashchitta'' means the redressal for diseases originating from previous deeds of the person. ''Prashamana'' is that which leads to complete cure. ''Prakriti'' (specific constitution of a person) makes him prone for certain diseases. ''Prakritisthapana'' helps to protect a person from them by maintaining balance of all three ''doshas''. ''Hita'' is that which helps to make ''dhatus'' stable and protect them from diseases. (verse 3)
=== Benefits of ''Rasayana'' ===
''Rasayana'' produces best quality of ''dhatus'' (body tissues). Various benefits of using ''rasayana'' include long and healthy life, maintenance of youth and prevention of ageing, great ''bala'' (a broad term, which includes physical, mental strength and immunity) are obtained by ''rasayana''. Excellence of luster, complexion of skin and beauty, excellence of voice, enhanced capacity of senses, power of memory and intelligence are obtained.
''Rasayana'' produces best quality of ''dhatus'' (body tissues). Various benefits of using ''rasayana'' include long and healthy life, maintenance of youth and prevention of ageing, great ''bala'' (a broad term, which includes physical, mental strength and immunity) are obtained by ''rasayana''. Excellence of luster, complexion of skin and beauty, excellence of voice, enhanced capacity of senses, power of memory and intelligence are obtained.
''Vak Siddhi'' is a power by which whatever the person speaks, becomes true. ''Pranati'' is reverence from people. By use of ''rasayana'', the person gets physical strength, mental abilities and power of intellect and memory. So, whatever the person speaks, he has the capacity to practically act accordingly. Also, he speaks only the truth. So, his words come true. Because of such good qualities, he gets reverence from people. (verse 7,8)
''Vak Siddhi'' is a power by which whatever the person speaks, becomes true. ''Pranati'' is reverence from people. By use of ''rasayana'', the person gets physical strength, mental abilities and power of intellect and memory. So, whatever the person speaks, he has the capacity to practically act accordingly. Also, he speaks only the truth. So, his words come true. Because of such good qualities, he gets reverence from people. (verse 7,8)
=== Benefits of ''Vajikarana'' (verse 9-12) ===
#''Apatyasantanakara''- Not only the person using vajeekarana will have progeny, but even his further generations also won’t have infertility, so effects of vajeekarana are capable of making genetic changes
#''Apatyasantanakara''- Not only the person using vajeekarana will have progeny, but even his further generations also won’t have infertility, so effects of vajeekarana are capable of making genetic changes
#Success, wealth and prosperity, strength, robustness
#Success, wealth and prosperity, strength, robustness
=== Two modes of administration of ''rasayana'' (verse 1.1.16) ===
''Rasayana'' can be used by two methods:
''Rasayana'' can be used by two methods:
#''Vatatapika''- The person continues with his routine activities, while using ''rasayana''.
#''Vatatapika''- The person continues with his routine activities, while using ''rasayana''.
=== Construction of a ''Kuti'' (hut) (verse 1.1.16-20) ===
==== The place ====
''Kuti'' is built at a place near city or town, i.e. in civilised place, near the place of king or government officials for legal issues, permissions, near place of ''vaidyas'' (physicians) for advice of other senior ''vaidyas'' whenever required, where advice of experts in other fields of knowledge is available, place of well cultured gentlemen , decent place with social security, with availability of necessary instruments, equipment and amenities, located in east or north, for proper light and ventilation, selected as per the ''bhoomi pareeksha'' ( selection of good land) as described in [[Madanakalpa Adhyaya]].
''Kuti'' is built at a place near city or town, i.e. in civilised place, near the place of king or government officials for legal issues, permissions, near place of ''vaidyas'' (physicians) for advice of other senior ''vaidyas'' whenever required, where advice of experts in other fields of knowledge is available, place of well cultured gentlemen , decent place with social security, with availability of necessary instruments, equipment and amenities, located in east or north, for proper light and ventilation, selected as per the ''bhoomi pareeksha'' ( selection of good land) as described in [[Madanakalpa Adhyaya]].
[[File:rasayana structure.jpg|500px|thumb]]
====Structure and design ====
[[File:rasayana structure 2.png|500px]]
Structure and design is decided by experts in that field, but the specific requirements are mentioned in this chapter, such as: with proper height ,width, with three concentric courts, having small windows on height, having thick walls, comfortable for all seasons, spacious, with proper lighting, pleasant for stay, protected from sound pollution ,other forms of pollution and unwanted sounds, smells etc., where celibacy can be maintained, equipped with necessary instruments, equipment and amenities, having on duty ''vaidyas'', consulting ''vaidyas'' and consultants in other fields. The pictures can give an idea regarding this.
[[File:rasayana structure 2.png|500px|thumb]]
=== Entering the ''Kuti'' ===
The specific way of entering the kuti is described in the text. Not only by using specific purificatory methods, the body pf the person is prepared for the effects of ''rasayana'', but he is also prepared mentally. The person gets extraordinary qualities due to ''rasayana''. But he may use them only for his personal benefits and may harm others in the society. For this he is convinced to use his qualities for the benefit of the whole society. He also resolves to properly complete the procedure, since ceasing of the procedure midway may be harmful for health.
The specific way of entering the kuti is described in the text. Not only by using specific purificatory methods, the body pf the person is prepared for the effects of ''rasayana'', but he is also prepared mentally. The person gets extraordinary qualities due to ''rasayana''. But he may use them only for his personal benefits and may harm others in the society. For this he is convinced to use his qualities for the benefit of the whole society. He also resolves to properly complete the procedure, since ceasing of the procedure midway may be harmful for health.
=== Quality control in selection of medicines (verse 1.1. 38-40) ===
#''Bhoomi pariksha'' (criteria to select good land for collection of medicines) as described in [[Madanakalpa Adhyaya]] verse 9, should be followed.
#''Bhoomi pariksha'' (criteria to select good land for collection of medicines) as described in [[Madanakalpa Adhyaya]] verse 9, should be followed.
#Free from toxicity
#Free from toxicity
=== ''Abhayamalakeeya Pada'' ===
This part of the chapter deals with ''rasayana'' prepared from ''haritaki'' (Terminalia chebula) and ''amalaki'' (Emblica officinalis) as the name suggests. These are the first two ''rasayana'' mentioned in this chapter denoting their importance.
This part of the chapter deals with ''rasayana'' prepared from ''haritaki'' (Terminalia chebula) and ''amalaki'' (Emblica officinalis) as the name suggests. These are the first two ''rasayana'' mentioned in this chapter denoting their importance.
=== ''Haritaki Rasayana'' (verse 1.1.29-32) ===
''Haritaki'' pacifies ''kapha'' and ''pitta''. It performs ''anulomana'' of ''vata'' i.e. helps to maintain normal movements of ''vata''. It moves out the accumulated ''dosha'' and ''mala'', thus helps to maintain patency and proper functions of ''srotas''. It also activates ''dhatvagni''. Although ''haritaki'' is not directly providing nourishment to ''dhatus'' (body tissues), but due to to proper function of ''srotas'', removes obstructions and helps the nutrients to reach to the ''dhatus''. Also by activating ''dhatvagni'', it helps in proper conversion of nutrients into ''dhatus''. Because of these actions, ''haritaki'' is very important ''rasayana''.
''Haritaki'' pacifies ''kapha'' and ''pitta''. It performs ''anulomana'' of ''vata'' i.e. helps to maintain normal movements of ''vata''. It moves out the accumulated ''dosha'' and ''mala'', thus helps to maintain patency and proper functions of ''srotas''. It also activates ''dhatvagni''. Although ''haritaki'' is not directly providing nourishment to ''dhatus'' (body tissues), but due to to proper function of ''srotas'', removes obstructions and helps the nutrients to reach to the ''dhatus''. Also by activating ''dhatvagni'', it helps in proper conversion of nutrients into ''dhatus''. Because of these actions, ''haritaki'' is very important ''rasayana''.
=== ''Amalaki Rasayana'' (verse 1.1.36-37) ===
Most of the qualities and actions of ''amalaki'' are similar to ''haritaki''. But ''amalaki'' is ''sheeta veerya'', whereas ''haritaki'' is ''ushna veerya''.
Most of the qualities and actions of ''amalaki'' are similar to ''haritaki''. But ''amalaki'' is ''sheeta veerya'', whereas ''haritaki'' is ''ushna veerya''.
=== ''Rasayana'' in the first ''Pada'' ===
The first part of this chapter mentions six ''rasayana'', including ''Brahma Rasayana, Chyavanaprasha, Amalaka Rasayana, and Haritaki Rasayana'' (a combination of both ''haritaki'' and ''amalaki''). The contents and procedures for preparation of each of these ''rasayana'' is mentioned in the text. Commentator Gangadhara has given further details about steps in actual preparation. Apart from the commonly described benefits of ''rasayana'', at the beginning of the chapter, each ''rasayana'' has got certain specific benefits. A ''vaidya'' selects a ''rasayana'' for a person considering mode of action of ''rasayana'', based on qualities and actions, and based on specific benefits of that ''rasayana''.
The first part of this chapter mentions six ''rasayana'', including ''Brahma Rasayana, Chyavanaprasha, Amalaka Rasayana, and Haritaki Rasayana'' (a combination of both ''haritaki'' and ''amalaki''). The contents and procedures for preparation of each of these ''rasayana'' is mentioned in the text. Commentator Gangadhara has given further details about steps in actual preparation. Apart from the commonly described benefits of ''rasayana'', at the beginning of the chapter, each ''rasayana'' has got certain specific benefits. A ''vaidya'' selects a ''rasayana'' for a person considering mode of action of ''rasayana'', based on qualities and actions, and based on specific benefits of that ''rasayana''.
==== ''Brahma Rasayana'' ====
This ''rasayana'' is prepared with thousand ''haritaki'' fruits and three thousand ''amalaki'' fruits, with 25 other medicines used for ''kvatha'' (decoction) and 14 other medicines used for ''kalka'' (in the form of paste). Specially this ''rasayana'', apart from general benefits of ''rasayana'', is described as useful for removing ''tandra'' (drowsiness), ''klama'' ( lassitude), ''shvasa'' (dyspnea). It also boosts intelligence and memory. These benefits of this ''rasayana'', are because it ignites ''agni'', performs digestion of ama, therefore improves the quality of rasa. Also since it eliminates accumulated malas from the body and performs pachana of ama, ''srotas'' become clear and patent. Thus, ''tamoguna'' is reduced and ''sattva guna'' increases.
This ''rasayana'' is prepared with thousand ''haritaki'' fruits and three thousand ''amalaki'' fruits, with 25 other medicines used for ''kvatha'' (decoction) and 14 other medicines used for ''kalka'' (in the form of paste). Specially this ''rasayana'', apart from general benefits of ''rasayana'', is described as useful for removing ''tandra'' (drowsiness), ''klama'' ( lassitude), ''shvasa'' (dyspnea). It also boosts intelligence and memory. These benefits of this ''rasayana'', are because it ignites ''agni'', performs digestion of ama, therefore improves the quality of rasa. Also since it eliminates accumulated malas from the body and performs pachana of ama, ''srotas'' become clear and patent. Thus, ''tamoguna'' is reduced and ''sattva guna'' increases.
While the second brahma ''rasayana'' is prepared with a thousand ''amalaki'' fruits triturated in the juice of a thousand ''amalaki'' fruits. With addition of 23 other medicines and ''bhasma'' (specific form which can be absorbed and assimilated in the body) of gold, silver, copper, praval and iron. Because of such ingredients, it specifically provides great physical strength, and also power of ''indriya'' (sensory faculty) is enhanced. Also the body develops the capacity to counteract the effects of poisons.
While the second brahma ''rasayana'' is prepared with a thousand ''amalaki'' fruits triturated in the juice of a thousand ''amalaki'' fruits. With addition of 23 other medicines and ''bhasma'' (specific form which can be absorbed and assimilated in the body) of gold, silver, copper, praval and iron. Because of such ingredients, it specifically provides great physical strength, and also power of ''indriya'' (sensory faculty) is enhanced. Also the body develops the capacity to counteract the effects of poisons.
==== ''Chyavanaprasha Rasayana'' ====
''Chyanaprasha'' is prepared from the pulp of 500 ''amalaki'' fruits, with addition of 36 other medicines used for ''kvatha'' (decoction) and fine powders of four other medicines added at the end. It is specifically useful for maintaining youth and vigor. It helps to build body tissues in children, old and emaciated persons. Ignites ''agni'' and Improves beauty. Also useful in disorders of voice, diseases of chest, heart diseases, and disorders of urinary tract and genital organs.
''Chyanaprasha'' is prepared from the pulp of 500 ''amalaki'' fruits, with addition of 36 other medicines used for ''kvatha'' (decoction) and fine powders of four other medicines added at the end. It is specifically useful for maintaining youth and vigor. It helps to build body tissues in children, old and emaciated persons. Ignites ''agni'' and Improves beauty. Also useful in disorders of voice, diseases of chest, heart diseases, and disorders of urinary tract and genital organs.
=== Diseases from changing lifestyle and importance of ''rasayana'' ===
The second quarter starts with description of changing lifestyle and the resultant disorders. It is described that with their healthy lifestyle the ancient sages were free from diseases. But diseases originated due to urbanization and thereby changing lifestyle.
The second quarter starts with description of changing lifestyle and the resultant disorders. It is described that with their healthy lifestyle the ancient sages were free from diseases. But diseases originated due to urbanization and thereby changing lifestyle.
It is described that by following proper healthy lifestyle and by the use of ''rasayana'', one can get freedom from such diseases. Therefore, thorough study and application of ''rasayana'' is needed in the present era.
It is described that by following proper healthy lifestyle and by the use of ''rasayana'', one can get freedom from such diseases. Therefore, thorough study and application of ''rasayana'' is needed in the present era.
=== ''Rasayana'' in the second ''pada'' ===
In the second quarter 37 ''rasayana'' have been described. The name ''pranakameeya'' suggests desire or quest for living i.e. desire for longevity. For this purpose, ''rasayana'' prepared mainly from ''amalaki'' are described.
In the second quarter 37 ''rasayana'' have been described. The name ''pranakameeya'' suggests desire or quest for living i.e. desire for longevity. For this purpose, ''rasayana'' prepared mainly from ''amalaki'' are described.
==== ''Nagabala Rasayana'' ====
As the name suggests provides strength and stability to body tissues. The same method of using ''nagabala'' as ''rasayana'' described here is applicable for using 10 other ''rasayana'' enlisted from ''bala'' to ''punarnava''.
As the name suggests provides strength and stability to body tissues. The same method of using ''nagabala'' as ''rasayana'' described here is applicable for using 10 other ''rasayana'' enlisted from ''bala'' to ''punarnava''.
==== ''Bhallataka Rasayana'' ====
This is extremely ''ushna-teekshna'' due to which it is used in ''kapha'' dominant conditions, or where ''kapha'' obstructs movements of ''vata''. Also, to remove obstruction in ''srotas'' and facilitate conduction and conversions going on in ''srotas''. ''Bhallataka'' is also excellent ''rasayana'' for igniting functions of ''agni''. It also increases intelligence, as it removes ''tamoguna'' (which is responsible for inhibition). 10 specific formulations of ''bhallataka'' are described, which can be used as ''rasayana'' .
This is extremely ''ushna-teekshna'' due to which it is used in ''kapha'' dominant conditions, or where ''kapha'' obstructs movements of ''vata''. Also, to remove obstruction in ''srotas'' and facilitate conduction and conversions going on in ''srotas''. ''Bhallataka'' is also excellent ''rasayana'' for igniting functions of ''agni''. It also increases intelligence, as it removes ''tamoguna'' (which is responsible for inhibition). 10 specific formulations of ''bhallataka'' are described, which can be used as ''rasayana'' .
Although ''bhallataka'' is very potent, it can result in unwanted effects, when improperly used. Therefore, the precautions to be taken while using it, are mentioned in the text.
Although ''bhallataka'' is very potent, it can result in unwanted effects, when improperly used. Therefore, the precautions to be taken while using it, are mentioned in the text.
=== ''Rasayana'' in the third ''pada'' ===
The third quarter is named as ''Karaprachitiya'' because the first ''rasayana'' mentioned here is prepared from ''amalaki'' fruits plucked by hands. In all 16 ''rasayana'' are described. Apart from ''rasayanas'' prepared from ''amalaki'', there is ''lauhadi rasayana''. Special benefits of this ''rasayana'' include increased physical strength, enhanced capacity of ''indriya'' (senses), body becomes capable of sustaining injuries and wounds heal quickly. This is because ''loha'' (iron) provides ''bala'' (strength) to ''rakta''. Also ''loha'' being dominated by ''Prithvi Mahabhuta'', provides strength to ''parthiva'' body constituents like ''asthi'' ( ~ osseous tissue) .
The third quarter is named as ''Karaprachitiya'' because the first ''rasayana'' mentioned here is prepared from ''amalaki'' fruits plucked by hands. In all 16 ''rasayana'' are described. Apart from ''rasayanas'' prepared from ''amalaki'', there is ''lauhadi rasayana''. Special benefits of this ''rasayana'' include increased physical strength, enhanced capacity of ''indriya'' (senses), body becomes capable of sustaining injuries and wounds heal quickly. This is because ''loha'' (iron) provides ''bala'' (strength) to ''rakta''. Also ''loha'' being dominated by ''Prithvi Mahabhuta'', provides strength to ''parthiva'' body constituents like ''asthi'' ( ~ osseous tissue) .
==== ''Medhya Rasayana'' ====
These four ''rasayana'' enhance intelligence. ''Yashtimadhu'' is ''sheeta'', pacifies ''vata-pitta'' and maintains normal ''kapha''. It controls ''rajoguna'' and increases ''sattva'', resulting in boosting intelligence. ''Yashtimadhu'' also nourishes ''dhatus'' and ultimately increases ''shukra'' and ''oja''. As explained by commentator Chakrapani, effects on ''indriya, mana'' and ''buddhi'' are mediated through ''oja''. ''Mandukaparni'' is ''sheeta'' and it specially pacifies ''pitta''. It also controls ''rajoguna'' and increases ''sattva''. ''Shankhapushpi'' is slightly ''ushna'', specially pacifies ''vata''. ''Shankhapushpi'' also controls ''rajoguna'' and increases ''sattva''. ''Shankhapushpi'' nourishes ''majja''. Whereas ''guduchi'' is also slightly ''ushna'', pacifies all three ''doshas'', controls tama and increases ''sattva''. Keeping in mind such peculiarities, specific ''rasayana'' is chosen for a specific person. Many researches have been conducted on these ''medhya rasayana''.<ref>Ray S, Ray A (2015) Medhya Rasayanas in Brain Function and Disease. Med chem 5:505-511. doi: 10.4172/2161-0444.1000309</ref>
These four ''rasayana'' enhance intelligence. ''Yashtimadhu'' is ''sheeta'', pacifies ''vata-pitta'' and maintains normal ''kapha''. It controls ''rajoguna'' and increases ''sattva'', resulting in boosting intelligence. ''Yashtimadhu'' also nourishes ''dhatus'' and ultimately increases ''shukra'' and ''oja''. As explained by commentator Chakrapani, effects on ''indriya, mana'' and ''buddhi'' are mediated through ''oja''. ''Mandukaparni'' is ''sheeta'' and it specially pacifies ''pitta''. It also controls ''rajoguna'' and increases ''sattva''. ''Shankhapushpi'' is slightly ''ushna'', specially pacifies ''vata''. ''Shankhapushpi'' also controls ''rajoguna'' and increases ''sattva''. ''Shankhapushpi'' nourishes ''majja''. Whereas ''guduchi'' is also slightly ''ushna'', pacifies all three ''doshas'', controls tama and increases ''sattva''. Keeping in mind such peculiarities, specific ''rasayana'' is chosen for a specific person. Many researches have been conducted on these ''medhya rasayana''.<ref>Ray S, Ray A (2015) Medhya Rasayanas in Brain Function and Disease. Med chem 5:505-511. doi: 10.4172/2161-0444.1000309</ref>
==== ''Triphala Rasayana'' ====
''Triphala'' a combination of ''haritaki, amalaki'' and ''bibhitaka'' is one of the most important medicines in [[Ayurveda]]. Its an important ''rasayana'' also. ''Triphala'' mainly pacifies ''kapha'' and ''pitta''. By removing obstruction to its movements, it helps to maintain proper actions of ''vata''. It improves the functions of ''dhatvagni'' to digests ''ama'' and eliminates abnormally accumulated ''mala'' and ''doshas'', therefore makes the ''srotas'' clear and patent to enable nutrients to reach ''dhatus''. It also controls ''meda'' which helps to maintain balance in all the ''dhatus'', because abnormally increased ''meda'' blocks nutrition of other ''dhatus'' and produces imbalance.
''Triphala'' a combination of ''haritaki, amalaki'' and ''bibhitaka'' is one of the most important medicines in [[Ayurveda]]. Its an important ''rasayana'' also. ''Triphala'' mainly pacifies ''kapha'' and ''pitta''. By removing obstruction to its movements, it helps to maintain proper actions of ''vata''. It improves the functions of ''dhatvagni'' to digests ''ama'' and eliminates abnormally accumulated ''mala'' and ''doshas'', therefore makes the ''srotas'' clear and patent to enable nutrients to reach ''dhatus''. It also controls ''meda'' which helps to maintain balance in all the ''dhatus'', because abnormally increased ''meda'' blocks nutrition of other ''dhatus'' and produces imbalance.
==== ''Shilajatu'' ====
Being ''katu-tikta'' and ''ushna'', ''shilajatu'' pacifies ''kapha''. It also helps in digestion of ''ama''. Therefore, removes obstruction and helps normal movements of ''vata''. It controls formation of ''meda''. Abnormal ''meda'' blocks nutrition of other ''dhatus''. ''Shilajatu'', by controlling formation of ''meda'', regulates genesis of all the ''dhatus''. In the conditions originating from ''ati santarpana'', i.e. when ''dhatus'' are provided excessive nourishment, but proper transformation of these nutrients in the ''dhatus'' is not done, ''shilajatu'' is very effective. But in the conditions due to ''ati apatarpana'' i.e. when proper nourishment is not available for the genesis of ''dhatus, shiljatu'' is not the ''rasayana'' of choice.
Being ''katu-tikta'' and ''ushna'', ''shilajatu'' pacifies ''kapha''. It also helps in digestion of ''ama''. Therefore, removes obstruction and helps normal movements of ''vata''. It controls formation of ''meda''. Abnormal ''meda'' blocks nutrition of other ''dhatus''. ''Shilajatu'', by controlling formation of ''meda'', regulates genesis of all the ''dhatus''. In the conditions originating from ''ati santarpana'', i.e. when ''dhatus'' are provided excessive nourishment, but proper transformation of these nutrients in the ''dhatus'' is not done, ''shilajatu'' is very effective. But in the conditions due to ''ati apatarpana'' i.e. when proper nourishment is not available for the genesis of ''dhatus, shiljatu'' is not the ''rasayana'' of choice.
The fourth quarter describes mainly two types of ''rasayana'' told by Indra and about ''soma'' as ''rasayana''.
The fourth quarter describes mainly two types of ''rasayana'' told by Indra and about ''soma'' as ''rasayana''.
=== ''Achara Rasayana'' (rasayana effects of good conduct) ===
Another important aspect of the fourth quarter is ''achara rasayana''. Good conduct like speaking truth, non violence, compassion etc. is considered very much important to obtain benefits of any ''rasayana'' described here.
Another important aspect of the fourth quarter is ''achara rasayana''. Good conduct like speaking truth, non violence, compassion etc. is considered very much important to obtain benefits of any ''rasayana'' described here.
=== ''Vaidya'' ===
For experts of [[Ayurveda]], the term ''vaidya'' is used, which means one having proper knowledge. A ''vaidya'' may be of any cast, race etc. by birth, it doesn’t matter. Because it is said, that when he completes his education in [[Ayurveda]], he is as if reborn. He is like guardian of life. Therefore, deserves respect from the society.
For experts of [[Ayurveda]], the term ''vaidya'' is used, which means one having proper knowledge. A ''vaidya'' may be of any cast, race etc. by birth, it doesn’t matter. Because it is said, that when he completes his education in [[Ayurveda]], he is as if reborn. He is like guardian of life. Therefore, deserves respect from the society.
=== Acknowledgement ===
=== Acknowledgement ===
The English translation presented in this chapter has been abridged from English translation of Caraka Samhita by late Prof. Priyavrata Sharma.
The English translation presented in this chapter has been abridged from English translation of Caraka Samhita by late Prof. Priyavrata Sharma.
=== Research bibliography ===
=== List of researches ===
#Archana, R. and Namshivayam, A. Antistress effect of Withania somnifera Dunal, J.Ethnopharmacology. 64:91-93, 1999
#Archana, R. and Namshivayam, A. Antistress effect of Withania somnifera Dunal, J.Ethnopharmacology. 64:91-93, 1999
#Diana I Lurie, [[Ayurveda]] and Pharmacogenomics, Guest Editorial Annals of Ayurvedic Medicine ¼:126-128. 2012
#Diana I Lurie, [[Ayurveda]] and Pharmacogenomics, Guest Editorial Annals of Ayurvedic Medicine ¼:126-128. 2012
#Dwivedi,KK and Singh,RH. A study on the psychiatric symptomsin in geriatric patients and response of Ayurvedic Rasayana therapy. Ph.D. thesis, Kayacikitsa, BHU1997.
#Dwivedi,KK and Singh,RH. A study on the psychiatric symptomsin in geriatric patients and response of Ayurvedic Rasayana therapy. Ph.D. thesis, Kayacikitsa, BHU1997.
#Jayprakash et al. Neuroprotective role of Withania somnifera root extract in mouse model of Parkinsonism. Neurochem. Res.Feb.27,2013
#Jayprakash et al. Neuroprotective role of Withania somnifera root extract in mouse model of Parkinsonism. Neurochem. Res.Feb.27,2013
#Kobayama,T.et al Neuritic regeneration and synoptic reconstruction induced by Withanolide-A . British J.Pharmacol.144/7:961-971,2005
#Kobayama,T.et al Neuritic regeneration and synoptic reconstruction induced by Withanolide-A . British J.Pharmacol.144/7:961-971,2005
#Mahalle, NP et al Association of constitutional types of [[Ayurveda]] with cardiovascular risk factors, inflammatory markers and Insulin resistance. J. [[Ayurveda]] and Integrative Medicine.2012,3/3.p,157-7
#Mahalle, NP et al Association of constitutional types of [[Ayurveda]] with cardiovascular risk factors, inflammatory markers and Insulin resistance. J. [[Ayurveda]] and Integrative Medicine.2012,3/3.p,157-7
#Rastogi, S, Chiappelli, F. and Singh, RH. Evidence based practice of complementary alternative medicine. Special monograph pp 1-250 Springer publication, Germany 2012
#Rastogi, S, Chiappelli, F. and Singh, RH. Evidence based practice of complementary alternative medicine. Special monograph pp 1-250 Springer publication, Germany 2012
#Rizzo-Sierra, CV. Ayurvedic genomics, constitutional psychology and endocrinology: The missing connection. J. Alternat.Complement.Med.2011, 17(5) :pp 465-8.
#Rizzo-Sierra, CV. Ayurvedic genomics, constitutional psychology and endocrinology: The missing connection. J. Alternat.Complement.Med.2011, 17(5) :pp 465-8.
#Sharma, PV. History of Medicine in India. Published by Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi, India, 1992
#Sharma, PV. History of Medicine in India. Published by Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi, India, 1992
#Singh, RH , Integrative Medicine, Choukhamba surbharati publications Varanasi/Delhi, India 2009
#Singh, RH , Integrative Medicine, Choukhamba surbharati publications Varanasi/Delhi, India 2009
#Singh, RH. Ayurvediya Samsodhana Chikitsa ,the newer dimensions. Journal of Wiswa [[Ayurveda]] Parisad,2015
#Singh, RH. Ayurvediya Samsodhana Chikitsa ,the newer dimensions. Journal of Wiswa [[Ayurveda]] Parisad,2015
#Singh, RH. The holistic principles of Ayurvedic medicine. Choukhamba surbharati prakashan, Varanasi/ Delhi 1995
#Singh, RH. The holistic principles of Ayurvedic medicine. Choukhamba surbharati prakashan, Varanasi/ Delhi 1995
#Udupa, KN and Singh, RH. Science and philosophy of Indian medicine. Baidyanath [[Ayurveda]] bhawan Nagpur, India 1980
#Udupa, KN and Singh, RH. Science and philosophy of Indian medicine. Baidyanath [[Ayurveda]] bhawan Nagpur, India 1980
== References ==
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