Administrators, Editors, Bots, Bureaucrats, Charaksamhita, Moderators (CommentStreams), Interface administrators, Administrators
10,100
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Line 1:
Line 1: − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + + + + + + − + + Line 21:
Line 68: + − + + + − + + + − + − + − + − + − + − + + Line 48:
Line 101: − + − + − + − + − + + − + − + + + Line 79:
Line 135: − + − + − + − + − + + + + Line 95:
Line 154: − + − + − + + + + + Line 106:
Line 169: − + Line 113:
Line 176: − + − + − + + + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + + + + − + − + − + + + − + − + − + − + − + + Line 180:
Line 251: + + + − + + + − + + + Line 207:
Line 285: − + − + + − + − + − + − + + + Line 223:
Line 304: − + + + − + − + − + + − [[KatidhapurushaSharira]] − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
no edit summary
The word panchamahabhuta is made up of three words: ‘pancha’, ‘maha’ and ‘bhuta’. ‘Pancha’ means five, ‘maha’ means great and ‘bhuta’ means that which exists. All the living and non-living objects in the universe are made up of panchamahabhuta.([[Sutra Sthana]] 26/10).Therefore, panchamahabhuta are the five fundamental elements responsible for creation of the universe, including humans. Each individual has a unique panchbhautik constitution. This constitution remains in state of equilibrium in health and any imbalance results in disease. It is crucial for healthcare provider to identify panchbhautik imbalance and should have the capability to restore equilibrium.
{{CiteButton}}
{{#seo:
|title=Pancha mahabhuta
|titlemode=append
|keywords=Pancha mahabhuta,Pancha mahabhuta in ayurveda,Pancha mahabhuta meaning,Five fundamental elements,Importance of panchamahabhuta,Evolution of panchamahabhuta,Properties of panchamahabhuta,Characteristics of panchamahabhuta,Influence of panchamahabhuta in embryogenesis,Role of bhutagni in digestion and metabolism,Fundamental composition of dosha,Classification of marma (vital points) based on panchamahabhuta predominance,Taste (rasa) and its panchamahabhuta predominance,Application of panchamahabhuta in therapeutics,Application of panchamahabhuta in diagnostic views,Application of panchmahabhuta in disease management,Role of panchamahabhuta in creation of universe,Deole Y.S., Basisht G.
|description=The word panchamahabhuta is made up of three words: ‘pancha’, ‘maha’ and ‘bhuta’
|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg
|image_alt=carak samhita
|type=article
}}
<p style="text-align:justify;">The word panchamahabhuta is made up of three words: ‘pancha’, ‘maha’ and ‘bhuta’. ‘Pancha’ means five, ‘maha’ means great and ‘bhuta’ means that which exists. All the living and non-living objects in the universe are made up of panchamahabhuta.[Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 26/10].Therefore, panchamahabhuta are the five fundamental elements responsible for creation of the universe, including humans. Each individual has a unique panchabhautik constitution. This constitution remains in state of equilibrium in health and any imbalance results in disease. It is crucial for healthcare provider to identify panchabhautik imbalance and should have the capability to restore equilibrium. </p>
{{Infobox
|title = Contributors
|label1 = Section/Chapter/topic
|data1 = [[Sharira]] / [[Pachamahabhuta]]
|label2 = Authors
|data2 = Aneesh E.G., Deole Y.S.
|label3 = Reviewed by
|data3 = Basisht G.
|label4 = Affiliations
|data4 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Development Centre]], I.P.G.T.& R.A., Jamnagar
|label5 = Correspondence email:
|data5 = dryogeshdeole@gmail.com, carakasamhita@gmail.com
|label6 = Publisher
|data6 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Development Centre]], I.T.R.A., Jamnagar, India
|label7 = Date of first publication:
|data7 = March 25, 2020
|label8 = DOI
|data8 = [https://doi.org/10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s09.006 10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s09.006]
}}
==Etymology and derivation==
==Etymology and derivation==
<div style='text-align:justify;'>
The word ‘bhuta’ is derived from “Bhu” dhatu(Sanskrit root) and “Kta”pratyaya(suffix). It means existence in the universe.<ref>Dingarilakshmanachary.Acharya’sAyurvedeeyapadarthavigyana. Delhi: Chaukhamba Sanskrit pratisthan;2012.Chapter 12,Pancha mahabhuta;page 66</ref> That which can be perceived through the external sense organs is called Bhuta.<ref>BK Dwivedi.Padarthavijnana. Varanasi: Chowkhambakrishnadas academy;2003.Chapter 2,Dravya vigyana;page49</ref>
The word ‘bhuta’ is derived from “Bhu” dhatu(Sanskrit root) and “Kta”pratyaya(suffix). It means existence in the universe.<ref>Dingarilakshmanachary.Acharya’sAyurvedeeyapadarthavigyana. Delhi: Chaukhamba Sanskrit pratisthan;2012.Chapter 12,Pancha mahabhuta;page 66</ref> That which can be perceived through the external sense organs is called Bhuta.<ref>BK Dwivedi.Padarthavijnana. Varanasi: Chowkhambakrishnadas academy;2003.Chapter 2,Dravya vigyana;page49</ref>
==Five fundamental elements ==
==Five fundamental elements ==
The five fundamental elements are ([[Sharira Sthana]]. 1/27)
# [[Akasha]]
The five fundamental elements are [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 1/27]
# [[Vayu]]
# [[Agni]]
#[[Akasha mahabhuta]]
# [[Jala]]
#[[Vayu mahabhuta]]
# [[Prithvi]]
#[[Agni mahabhuta]]
Each of these elements possesses inherent physical properties.
#[[Jala mahabhuta]]
==Importance of panchamahabhuta==
#[[Prithvi mahabhuta]]
Each of these elements possesses inherent physical properties.
==Importance of panchamahabhuta ==
*Panchamahabhuta are important factors in the creation of the universe. They evolve from the union of tejas (sattva dominant) and bhutadi (tamas dominant) ahamkara. The following diagram shows the evolution and development of the universe.
*Panchamahabhuta are important factors in the creation of the universe. They evolve from the union of tejas (sattva dominant) and bhutadi (tamas dominant) ahamkara. The following diagram shows the evolution and development of the universe.
[[file:Evolution of panchamahbhuta2.jpg|thumb]] '''Image 1:''' '''Evolution process'''
[[file:Evolution of panchamahbhuta2.jpg|'''Image 1:''' '''Evolution process'''|thumb]]
===Evolution of panchamahabhuta===
===Evolution of panchamahabhuta===
The mahabhuta are evolved from dominance of these specific fundamental constituents of universe as below.
The mahabhuta are evolved from dominance of these specific fundamental constituents of universe as below.
*[[Akasha]]: Sattva dominant
*[[Akasha]]: Sattva dominant
*[[Aap]]: Sattva and Tamas dominant
*[[Aap]]: Sattva and Tamas dominant
*[[Prithvi]]: Tamas dominant
*[[Prithvi]]: Tamas dominant
===Relation with human being===
===Relation with human being===
The [[purusha]] holistic human being is formed by unification of panchamahabhuta and chetana (consciousness). ([[Sharira Sthana]].01/16)
The [[purusha]] holistic human being is formed by unification of panchamahabhuta and consciousness (chetana). [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 1/16]
===Properties of panchamahabhuta===
===Properties of panchamahabhuta===
Each mahabhuta has dominant inherent functions related to the sense organs. The mahabhuta can perceive enhanced other senses due to addition of subtle elements of other mahabhuta as given below. ([[Sharira Sthana]]. 01/26-28)
Each mahabhuta has dominant inherent functions related to the sense organs. The mahabhuta can perceive enhanced other senses due to addition of subtle elements of other mahabhuta as given below. [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 1/26-28]
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
! Mahabhuta !! Dominant inherent function !! Additional general functions due to fundamental composition
! Mahabhuta !! Dominant inherent function !! Additional general functions due to fundamental composition
|-
|-
| | [[Akasha]] ||Shabda(sound)||-
| | [[Akasha]] ||Sound(shabda)||-
|-
|-
| |[[Vayu]]||Sparsa (touch)||Shabda
| |[[Vayu]]||Touch (sparsa)||Sound(shabda)
|-
|-
| |[Agni]]||Roopa (vision)||Shabda ,Sparsha
| |[[Agni]]||Vision(rupa)||Sound(shabda),Touch (sparsa)
|-
|-
| |[[Jala]]||Rasa (taste)|| Shabda ,Sparsha, Roopa
| |[[Jala]]||Taste (rasa)||Sound(shabda),Touch (sparsa),Vision(rupa)
|-
|-
| |[[Prithvi]]||Gandha (smell)||Shabda ,Sparsha, Roopa, Rasa
| |[[Prithvi]]||Smell (Gandha)||Sound(shabda),Touch (sparsa),Vision(rupa),Taste (rasa)
|-
|-
|}
|}
The mahabhuta provide abode for corresponding sense organs to perform their sensory functions.([[Sutra Sthana]].08/14). These sense organs are tools to know panchabhautik matter in the universe. <ref>Gokhale B.V. Ayrvedache Shastra Ayurveda Bhaskar.Marathi book.Mama Gokhale Janma mahotsava samilti. 2003. Pg.128-9.</ref>
The mahabhuta provide abode for corresponding sense organs to perform their sensory functions.[Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]].8/14]. These sense organs are tools to know panchabhautik matter in the universe. <ref>Gokhale B.V. Ayurvedache Shastra Ayurveda Bhaskar.Marathi book.Mama Gokhale Janma mahotsava samilti. 2003. Pg.128-9.</ref>
===Characteristics of panchamahabhuta===
===Characteristics of panchamahabhuta===
Each mahabhuta can be assessed by following characteristic feature
Each mahabhuta can be assessed by following characteristic feature
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!Mahabhuta !! Characteristics
!Mahabhuta !! Characteristics
|-
|-
| |[[Akasha]] || Apratighatata (free flow/unobstructability)
| |[[Akasha]] || Free flow/unobstructability (Apratighatata)
|-
|-
| |[[Vayu]] || Chalatva (mobility)
| |[[Vayu]] || Mobility (Chalatva)
|-
|-
| |[[Agni]] || Ushnatva (heat)
| |[[Agni]] || Heat (Ushnatva)
|-
|-
| |[[Jala]] || Dravatva (liquidity)
| |[[Jala]] || Liquidity (Dravatva)
|-
|-
| |[[Prithvi]] || Kharatva (roughness)
| |[[Prithvi]] || Roughness (Kharatva)
|-
|-
|}
|}
Above mentioned criteria are applied to assess fundamental composition of any element. The signs of increase or decrease of these features in body is observed and applied in diagnosis and therapeutics. For example, if the roughness is increased, then increase in [[prithvi]] mahabhuta is known.
Above mentioned criteria are applied to assess fundamental composition of any element. The signs of increase or decrease of these features in body is observed and applied in diagnosis and therapeutics. For example, if the roughness is increased, then increase in [[prithvi]] mahabhuta is known.
===Influence of panchamahabhuta in embryogenesis===
===Influence of panchamahabhuta in embryogenesis===
Mahabhuta play basic functions during embryogenesis. After formation of garbha(foetus), vayu performs function of vibhajana (cell division/multiplication); agni carries function of pachana(metabolism); jala carries function of kledana(moisture or fluid);prithvi carries function of samhanana(compactness or formation of mass); and akasha carries function of vivardhana(enlargement of size). If these functions are carried out in normal proportion, the normal structure of shareera (body) is formed.<ref>Vaidya Yadavji Trikamji Acharya, Narayan Ram Aacaarya, editors. Sus’ruta sam’hita of Sus’ruta with the Nibandhasan,graha Commentry. Varanasi: Chowkhamba Krishnadas Academy, 2008. sharirasthana 05/03; p.363.</ref>
In the third month of pregnancy, following body constituents are formed and relative functions begin from mahabhuta.([[Sharira Sthana]].04/12)
Mahabhuta play basic functions during embryogenesis. After formation of foetus(garbha), vayu performs function of cell division/multiplication (vibhajana); agni carries function of metabolism(pachana); jala carries function of moisture or fluid(kledana); prithvi carries function of compactness or formation of mass(samhanana); and akasha carries function of enlargement of size(vivardhana). If these functions are carried out in normal proportion, the normal structure of body (shareera) is formed [Su.Sa.Sha.5/3].
In the third month of pregnancy, following body constituents are formed and relative functions begin from mahabhuta.[Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]].04/12]
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
|}
|}
===Role of bhutagni in digestion and metabolism===
===Role of [[bhutagni]] in digestion and metabolism===
In the process of digestion and metabolism, the food passes through three levels of action of agni. At first it is acted upon by jatharagni for gross digestion. Then it is acted upon by bhutagni. At this level the agni component of each mahabhuta carries out selective digestion process of their respective component of food. The parthiva agni digests and metabolizes the [[prithvi]] component of ingested food. Further the body constituents are formed by selective process of dhatvagni. ([[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/12-14)
Body is formed of panchamahabhuta and so is food. When food is ingested, the relevant mahabhuta and body component is increased.<ref>Vaidya YadavjiTrikamji Acharya, Narayan Ram Aacaarya, editors. Sus’rutasam’hita of Sus’ruta with the Nibandhasan,grahaCommentry. Varanasi: ChowkhambaKrishnadas Academy, 2008. Sutra Sthana 46/526; p.253.</ref>
In the process of digestion and metabolism, the food passes through three levels of action of [[agni]]. At first it is acted upon by [[jatharagni]] for gross digestion. Then it is acted upon by bhutagni. At this level the [[agni]] component of each [[mahabhuta]] carries out selective digestion process of their respective component of food. The parthiva agni digests and metabolizes the [[prithvi]] component of ingested food. Further the body constituents are formed by selective process of [[dhatvagni]]. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/12-14]
===Fundamental composition of dosha===
Body is formed of panchamahabhuta and so is food. When food is ingested, the relevant [[mahabhuta]] and body component is increased [Su.Sa.Su.46/526].
Doshas are constituted by specific mahabhuta<ref>Shivprasad Sharma, editor. Astaangasamgraha by vridhavaagbata with SasilekhaCommentry. 3rd edition. Varanasi: Chowkhamba Sanskrit series office, 2012. Sootrastaana 20/02; p..</ref> as below:
===Fundamental composition of [[dosha]]===
Doshas are constituted by specific [[mahabhuta]] [AS.Su.20/2] as below:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
|-
|-
|}
|}
Based on this composition, mahabhuta play vital role in determining prakriti (basic constitution) of human being. ([[Vimana Sthana]].08/95) This principle is applied in therapeutics. In case of decrease in vatadosha in body, the regimen which increases [[vayu]] and [[akasha]] mahahuta is prescribed. Accordingly the regimens which increase corresponding doshas are prescribed.
===Classification of marma (vital points) based on panchamahabhuta predominance===
Based on this composition, mahabhuta play vital role in determining basic constitution ([[prakriti]]) of human being. [Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/95] This principle is applied in therapeutics. In case of decrease in [[vata dosha]] in body, the regimen which increases [[vayu]] and [[akasha]] [[mahabhuta]] is prescribed. Accordingly the regimens which increase corresponding [[dosha]] are prescribed.
The marma or vital points/organs in body are classified in five categories on the basis of their harmful effect on body. The harmful effect depends upon their fundamental composition of mahabhuta<ref>Vaidya YadavjiTrikamji Acharya, Narayan Ram Aacaarya, editors. Sus’rutasam’hita of Sus’ruta with the Nibandhasan,grahaCommentry. Varanasi: ChowkhambaKrishnadas Academy, 2008. sharirasthana06/16; p.371.</ref> as below.
===Classification of [[marma]] (vital points) based on panchamahabhuta predominance===
The [[marma]] or vital points/organs in body are classified in five categories on the basis of their harmful effect on body. The harmful effect depends upon their fundamental composition of [[mahabhuta]] [Su.Sa.Sha. 6/16] as below.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
| |Kaalantarapranahara (that which cause death after some time) || [[Jala]], [[agni]]
| |Kaalantarapranahara (that which cause death after some time) || [[Jala]], [[agni]]
|-
|-
| |Vishalyaghna (death is caused after removal of foreign body) || [[Vayu]]
| |Vishalyaghna (that which cause death by removal of foreign body) || [[Vayu]]
|-
|-
| |Vaikalyakara (that which cause disability or deformities) || [[Jala]]
| |Vaikalyakara (that which cause disability or deformities) || [[Jala]]
|-
|-
|}
|}
Thus,mahabhuta have impact on vital force.
Thus, mahabhuta have impact on vital force.
===Rasa (taste) and its panchamahabhuta predominance===
Panchamahabhuta composition determine specific taste of a substance. Accordingly the rasa or tastes perform relevant biological activities and effects.<ref>Vaidya YadavjiTrikamji Acharya, Narayan Ram Aacaarya, editors. Sus’rutasam’hita of Sus’ruta with the Nibandhasan,grahaCommentry. Varanasi: ChowkhambaKrishnadas Academy, 2008. sutrasthana 42/03; p.183.</ref> ([[Sutra Sthana]] 26/40) These are applied for therapeutic purpose.
===Taste (rasa) and its panchamahabhuta predominance===
Panchamahabhuta composition determine specific taste of a substance. Accordingly the rasa or tastes perform relevant biological activities and effects [Su.Sa.Su 42/03], [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 26/40]. These are applied for therapeutic purpose.
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
!Rasa !! Mahabhuta!! Physiological effect on dosha
!Rasa !! Mahabhuta!! Physiological effect on dosha
|-
|-
| |Madhura (sweet)|| [[Prithvi]], [[jala]] || Pacification of Vata, Pitta
| |Sweet (madhura)|| [[Prithvi]], [[jala]] || Pacification of Vata, Pitta
|-
|-
| |Amla (sour)|| [[Prithvi]], [[agni]]|| Pacification of Vata
| |Sour (amla)|| [[Prithvi]], [[agni]]|| Pacification of Vata
|-
|-
| |Lavana (salty)|| [[Jala]], [[agni]]|| Pacification of Vata
| |Salty (lavana)|| [[Jala]], [[agni]]|| Pacification of Vata
|-
|-
| |Katu (spicy)|| [[Vayu]], [[agni]]|| Pacification of Kapha
| |Spicy (katu)|| [[Vayu]], [[agni]]|| Pacification of Kapha
|-
|-
| |Tikta (bitter)|| [[Vayu]], [[akasha]] || Pacification of Kapha,Pitta
| |Bitter (tikta)|| [[Vayu]], [[akasha]] || Pacification of Kapha,Pitta
|-
|-
| |Kashaya (astringent)|| [[Prithvi]], [[vayu]] || Pacification of Kapha,Pitta
| |Astringent (kashaya)|| [[Prithvi]], [[vayu]] || Pacification of Kapha,Pitta
|-
|-
|}
|}
==Application of panchamahabhuta in therapeutics==
==Application of panchamahabhuta in therapeutics==
Apart from the therapeutic uses mentioned above, the medicines having dominance of specific mahabhuta are administered in therapeutic procedures. This corresponds to relevant properties and effect of mahabhuta.<ref>Vaidya YadavjiTrikamji Acharya, Narayan Ram Aacaarya, editors. Sus’rutasam’hita of Sus’ruta with the Nibandhasan,grahaCommentry. Varanasi: ChowkhambaKrishnadas Academy, 2008. sutrasthana 41/6-9; p.182-83.</ref>
===In Shodhana chikitsa(purification therapy)===
Apart from the therapeutic uses mentioned above, the medicines having dominance of specific [[mahabhuta]] are administered in therapeutic procedures. This corresponds to relevant properties and effect of [[mahabhuta]] [Su.Sa.Su.41/6-9].
===In Purification therapy([[shodhana]] [[chikitsa]])===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
!Treatment !! Bhuta predominance
!Treatment !! Bhuta predominance
|-
|-
| |Vamana (emesis)drug || [[Agni]] and [[vayu]]
| |Emesis ([[Vamana]])drug || [[Agni]] and [[vayu]]
|-
|-
| |Virechana (purgation) drug || [[Prithvi]] and [[jala]]
| |Purgation ([[Virechana]])drug || [[Prithvi]] and [[jala]]
|-
|-
|}
|}
===In Shamana chikitsa(pacification therapy)===
===In pacification therapy ([[shamana]] [[chikitsa]])===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
!Treatment !! Bhuta predominance
!Treatment !! Bhuta predominance
|-
|-
| |Shamana (alleviation )drug || [[Akasha]]
| |Alleviation (Shamana)drug || [[Akasha]]
|-
|-
| |Grahi drug || [[Vayu]]
| |Constipative (Grahi) drug || [[Vayu]]
|-
|-
| | Deepana drug || [[Agni]]
| |Digestive stimulant (Deepana) drug || [[Agni]]
|-
|-
| |Lekhana drug || [[Vayu]] and [[agni]]
| |Scarifiying (Lekhana) drug || [[Vayu]] and [[agni]]
|-
|-
| |Brihmana drug || [[Prithvi]] and [[jala]]
| |Nourishing (Brihmana) drug || [[Prithvi]] and [[jala]]
|-
|-
|}
|}
===Application of panchamahabhuta in diagnostic views===
===Application of panchamahabhuta in diagnostic views===
The characteristics of panchamahabhuta are applied in diagnosis as below:
The characteristics of panchamahabhuta are applied in diagnosis as below:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
|}
|}
The abnormalities in physiological functions are observed to assess proportion of mahabhuta.
The abnormalities in physiological functions are observed to assess proportion of mahabhuta.
===Application of panchmahabhuta in disease management===
===Application of panchmahabhuta in disease management===
Panchamahabhuta theory is applied in the management of diseases. The panchabhautik constitution of basic causative factors and pathogenesis of disease is observed. Then the medicines having opposite panchabhautik constitutions are administered to restore equilibrium in the body.
Panchamahabhuta theory is applied in the management of diseases. The panchabhautik constitution of basic causative factors and pathogenesis of disease is observed. Then the medicines having opposite panchabhautik constitutions are administered to restore equilibrium in the body.
For example, in Jwara, Ama (undigested food) leads to vitiation of rasa dhatu (nutrient fluids). The digestion and metabolism are slowed down. Thus, [[prithvi]] and [[jala]] mahabhuta are increased and cause the disease state. The treatment of jwara includes langhana, swedana, pachana and medicines with tikta (bitter taste). The treatment has [[agni]], [[vayu]] and [[akasha]] dominancy. The herbs like musta (cyperus rotundus), shunthi (Zingiber officinale) having dominancy of the same mahabhuta are administered in the management. This can be applied in various other diseases too.<ref>Bhardwaj Vikas, Sharma Pankaj, and C. Sahana. Panchamahabhuta Siddhanta and Chikitsa-A Bird’s Eye View. Ejbps, 2016; 3(11), 154-159.</ref> Thus panchamahabhuta theory is important in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
For example, in [[Jwara]], undigested food ([[ama]]) leads to vitiation of nutrient fluids (rasa dhatu). The digestion and metabolism are slowed down. Thus, [[prithvi]] and [[jala]] mahabhuta are increased and cause the disease state. The treatment of jwara includes langhana, swedana, pachana and medicines with bitter taste (tikta). The treatment has [[agni]], [[vayu]] and [[akasha]] dominancy. The herbs like Cyperus rotundus(musta), Zingiber officinale(shunthi) having dominancy of the same mahabhuta are administered in the management. This can be applied in various other diseases too.<ref>Bhardwaj Vikas, Sharma Pankaj, and C. Sahana. Panchamahabhuta Siddhanta and Chikitsa-A Bird’s Eye View. Ejbps, 2016; 3(11), 154-159.</ref> Thus panchamahabhuta theory is important in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
==Current researches==
==Current researches==
The current understanding of panchamahabhuta can be categorized under two parts:
The current understanding of panchamahabhuta can be categorized under two parts:
#Panchamahabhuta as important factors for biological processes
#Panchamahabhuta as important factors for biological processes
#Panchamahabhuta involved in the creation of universe i.e. subtle forms of tanmatra
#Panchamahabhuta involved in the creation of universe i.e. subtle forms of tanmatra
===Panchamahabhuta, quantum mechanics and biological processes===
===Panchamahabhuta, [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanics quantum mechanics] and biological processes===
Modern physicist, Dr.John Hagelin pointed out that quantum physics derives everything in creation from basic ‘force’ and matter fields. These fields belong to one of five fundamental spin types-most basic concept in particle physics. He correlated the panchamahabhuta with five spin types of modern physics. Extending further, the corroboration of possibility of relation of dosha with corresponding superfield is as shown in table below:
Modern physicist, Dr.John Hagelin pointed out that quantum physics derives everything in creation from basic ‘force’ and matter fields. These fields belong to one of five fundamental spin types-most basic concept in particle physics. He correlated the panchamahabhuta with five spin types of modern physics. Extending further, the corroboration of possibility of relation of dosha with corresponding superfield is as shown in table below:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
|-
|-
|}
|}
This analogy is helpful in current understanding of health. The mahabhutas are further present in body constituents like [[akasha]] (space in body, channels); [[vayu]] (air in the body gaseous exchange, Oxygen, carbon di oxide etc., breathing); [[agni]] (chemical reactions, enzymatic activity, digestion);[[jala]](water, fluids, ionic constituents); and [[prithvi]](earth, solid structures).<ref>Sharma Hari,Christopher Clark. Contemporary Ayurveda: Medicine and Research in Maharishi Ayur-Veda.Churchill Livingstone; 1 edition;1997,36-37.</ref> Body constituents like dosha, dhatu, mala, agni etc. are nothing but biological derivatives of panchamahabhuta and nothing is different than that.<ref>Singh R.H.Exploring Quantum Logic in Ayurveda with special reference to Srotovijnana of Ayurveda.2009;30(4).360-8</ref> Therefore the panchamahabhuta are highly important causal factors that influence biological processes.
This analogy is helpful in current understanding of health. The mahabhutas are further present in body constituents like [[akasha]] (space in body, channels); [[vayu]] (air in the body gaseous exchange, Oxygen, carbon di oxide etc., breathing); [[agni]] (chemical reactions, enzymatic activity, digestion);[[jala]](water, fluids, ionic constituents); and [[prithvi]](earth, solid structures).<ref>Sharma Hari,Christopher Clark. Contemporary Ayurveda: Medicine and Research in Maharishi Ayur-Veda.Churchill Livingstone; 1 edition;1997,36-37.</ref> Body constituents like dosha, dhatu, mala, agni etc. are nothing but biological derivatives of panchamahabhuta and nothing is different than that.<ref>Singh R.H.Exploring Quantum Logic in Ayurveda with special reference to Srotovijnana of Ayurveda.2009;30(4).360-8</ref> Therefore the panchamahabhuta are highly important causal factors that influence biological processes.
===Role of panchamahabhuta in creation of universe===
===Role of panchamahabhuta in creation of universe===
In addition to the correlation with five spins in quantum mechanics as mentioned above, the panchamahabhuta are important links in creation of universe. As per the science, the universe is evolved from avyakta(unmanifest) through mahat(cosmic inltelligence) and ahamkara(ego). Then the panchatanmatra (subtle forms of panchamahabhuta) are evolved from rajas dominant taijas and tamas dominant bhutadi ahamkara. The panchatanmatras are important links for knowledge that allows scientists a more detailed and quantifiable understanding of how consciousness gives rise to matter.<ref>Wallace Kieth, The Structure of Matter. Available from https://doshaguru.com/the-fundamental-structure-of-matter/ accessed on March 24, 2020.</ref>
In addition to the correlation with five spins in quantum mechanics as mentioned above, the panchamahabhuta are important links in creation of universe. As per the science, the universe is evolved from [[Avyakta|unmanifest(avyakta)]] through cosmic intelligence ([[mahat]]) and ego([[ahamkara]]). Then the [[panchatanmatra]] (subtle forms of panchamahabhuta) are evolved from rajas dominant taijas and tamas dominant bhutadi ahamkara. The [[panchatanmatras]] are important links for knowledge that allows scientists a more detailed and quantifiable understanding of how consciousness gives rise to matter.<ref>Wallace Kieth, The Structure of Matter. Available from https://doshaguru.com/the-fundamental-structure-of-matter/ accessed on March 24, 2020.</ref>
In this regard, the transformation process in the universe becomes a flow of energy.
In this regard, the transformation process in the universe becomes a flow of energy.
==List of thesis works done==
== List of theses ==
I.P.G.T. &R.A. Jamnagar:
#Rao T. Srinivas(1970). Panchbhuticguna (A study w.s.r. to guru &laghu) .
'''I.P.G.T. &R.A. Jamnagar:'''
#Upendra D. Dixit (1995). Concept of Panchmahabhuta& it’s utility in Chikitsa .
#Rao T. Srinivas(1970). Panchbhutik guna (A study w.s.r. to guru & laghu).
#Upendra D. Dixit (1995). Concept of Panchmahabhuta & it’s utility in Chikitsa .
#Dr. Bishnupriya Mohanty (2004 Ph.D.) Biotransformation of Panchmahabhuta& it’s interpretation in terms of cell injury.
#Dr. Bishnupriya Mohanty (2004 Ph.D.) Biotransformation of Panchmahabhuta& it’s interpretation in terms of cell injury.
#NalageDilip H (2004).A study of Samskara & its role in alteration of Panch-bhutic composition of Dravya .
#NalageDilip H (2004).A study of Samskara & its role in alteration of Panch-bhutic composition of Dravya .
#Harshal S Sabale (2013). Applied concept of Panchavidhavata in relation to their Panchabhautika conjugation and configuration .
#Harshal S Sabale (2013). Applied concept of Panchavidhavata in relation to their Panchabhautika conjugation and configuration .
#KamlaMoond(2018). A study on PanchamahabhutaSiddhanta to develop objective parameters for assessment of Prithvi Mahabhuta
#KamlaMoond(2018). A study on PanchamahabhutaSiddhanta to develop objective parameters for assessment of Prithvi Mahabhuta
Banaras Hindu University – Varanasi:
'''Faculty of Ayurveda, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi:'''
#Dwivedi L.D. (1969-M.D. and 1975-PhD).A study of concept of Panchmahabhutas
#Dwivedi L.D. (1969-M.D. and 1975-PhD).A study of concept of Panchmahabhutas
#Srivastav L. P. (1988).Concept of Panchmahabhutas in the light of Samkhya, Yoga & Ayurveda.
#Srivastav L. P. (1988).Concept of Panchmahabhutas in the light of Samkhya, Yoga & Ayurveda.
Government Ayurved college Nagpur:
#Bawisakar Geeta (1989). SharirmeinPanchmahabhutonkivyapakata.
'''Government Ayurved college Nagpur:'''
#Mana S. (2000) VibhinnaPanchmahabhutasanghatanatmakadravyon ka pranishreeravriddhi par tulanatmakaadhyayana
#Bawisakar Geeta (1989). Sharir mein Panchmahabhuton ki vyapakata.
#Mana S. (2000) Vibhinna Panchmahabhuta sanghatanatmaka dravyon ka prani shareera vriddhi par tulanatmaka adhyayana
== More information ==
== More information ==
[[Indriyopakramaniyaadhyaya]]
*[[Katidhapurusha Sharira]]
*[[Indriyopakramaniya Adhyaya]]
=== Related articles ===
*[[Akasha mahabhuta]]
*[[Vayu mahabhuta]]
*[[Agni mahabhuta]]
*[[Jala mahabhuta]]
*[[Prithvi mahabhuta]]
*[[Tanmatra]]
=== List of references ===
The list of references for Panchamahabhuta in [[Charak Samhita]] can be seen here [[Media:References_for_panchamahabhuta.pdf|References_for_panchamahabhuta.pdf]]
<big>'''[[Special:ContactMe|Send us your suggestions and feedback on this page.]]'''</big>
==References==
==References==
[[Category:Pancha mahabhuta]]
<div id="BackToTop" class="noprint" style="background-color:#DDEFDD; position:fixed;
bottom:32px; left:2%; z-index:9999; padding:0; margin:0;"><span style="color:blue;
font-size:8pt; font-face:verdana,sans-serif; border:0.2em outset #ceebf7;
padding:0.1em; font-weight:bolder; -moz-border-radius:8px; ">
[[#top| Back to the Top ]]</span></div>