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Line 338: − • Increased state of urine is treated by removing the cause by either cleansing (shodhana) procedures or medicines to facilitate the natural excretion. [Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 15/17] + − • In diseases due to suppression of urge of micturition, the treatment includes fomentation, sitz bath, massage, administration of ghee in large doses in divided form before and after meals (avapeedaka sneha), three types of therapeutic enema (basti) with oil, decoction and instillation of medicine through urinary orifice(uttara basti) [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 7/9]+ + + − • Consumption of substances having the nature of increasing or promoting the formation of sufficient quantity of urine. [Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 15/11]+ − • Sugar cane juice, varuni type of wine, thin gruel (manda), liquid food articles and substances having sweet (madhura), salty (lavana) and sour (amla) tastes and moist in nature are administered. [Cha. Sa. [[Sharira Sthana]] 6/11]+ + + + − + − + − + − + − + − + + + + + + + + + − • Saccharum Officinarum Linn.(ikshu) is considered as the best medicine for promoting the formation of urine.+ − • Tribulus terrestris (gokshura) is considered as the best drug for treating dysuria. [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 25/40]+ − + − + − + − + − + + + + + + + + + + − • Veeratarvadi gana[ Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 38/13]+ − • Bruhatyadi gana[ Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 38/32]+ − • Ushakadi gana [ Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 38/38]+ − • Parushakadi gana [Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 38/44]+ − • Trunapanchamula [Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 38/76]+ + + + + + +
→Management of urinary disorders
==Management of urinary disorders ==
==Management of urinary disorders ==
===Management of increased state===
===Management of increased state===
*Increased state of urine is treated by removing the cause by either cleansing (shodhana) procedures or medicines to facilitate the natural excretion.[Su.Sa.Sutra Sthana 15/17]
*In diseases due to suppression of urge of micturition, the treatment includes fomentation, sitz bath, massage, administration of ghee in large doses in divided form before and after meals (avapeedaka sneha), three types of therapeutic enema (basti) with oil, decoction and instillation of medicine through urinary orifice(uttara basti) [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 7/9]
=== Management of decreased state===
=== Management of decreased state===
*Consumption of substances having the nature of increasing or promoting the formation of sufficient quantity of urine.[Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 15/11]
*Sugar cane juice, varuni type of wine, thin gruel (manda), liquid food articles and substances having sweet (madhura), salty (lavana) and sour (amla) tastes and moist in nature are administered. [Cha.Sa.[[Sharira Sthana]] 6/11]
===Treatment of dysuria (mutra krichra)===
===Treatment of dysuria (mutra krichra)===
In all types of dysuria, [[vata]] pacifying therapies are administered at first and then other dosha are considered. [Cha. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/58]. In case of dysuria caused by calculus, the measures for breaking and flushing out the calculus are administered. Surgical intervention is advised if medical treatment fails. [Cha. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/59-68].
==== Contraindicated diet and lifestyle ===
In all types of dysuria,[[vata]] pacifying therapies are administered at first and then other dosha are considered.[Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]26/58].
Lifestyle:
In case of dysuria caused by calculus, the measures for breaking and flushing out the calculus are administered. Surgical intervention is advised if medical treatment fails. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]]26/59-68].
Avoid exercise, suppression of natural urges, coitus , exposure to strong wind, strong rays of the Sun
Diet:
====Contraindicated diet and lifestyle===
Avoid dry and ununctuous food, pastries, herbs like Phoenix dactylifera (kharjura), Feronia linonia (Linn.) (kapittha), Syzygium cumini(jambu), Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn (bis) and food with astringent taste. [Cha. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/76]
'''Lifestyle:'''
Avoid exercise, suppression of natural urges, coitus , exposure to strong wind, strong rays of the sun
'''Diet:'''
Avoid dry and ununctuous food, pastries, herbs like Phoenix dactylifera (kharjura), Feronia linonia (Linn.) (kapittha), Syzygium cumini(jambu), Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn (bis) and food with astringent taste. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/76]
===Herbs acting on urinary disorders===
===Herbs acting on urinary disorders===
*Saccharum Officinarum Linn.(ikshu) is considered as the best medicine for promoting the formation of urine.
The group of drugs acting on urine as described in Charak Samhita [ Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 4/13-15]
Action Medicines [latin name remaining]
*Tribulus terrestris (gokshura) is considered as the best drug for treating dysuria. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 25/40]
Anti-diuretics (mutra samgrahaniya) Syzygium cumini(jambu), Mangifera indica Linn.(amra), Ficus lacor Buch.(plaksha), Ficus benghalensis Linn.(vata), Albizzia lebbeck(kapitana), Ficus racemosa(udumbara), Ficus religiosa (ashwattha), Semecarpus anacardium (bhallataka), Bauhinia racemosa(ashmantaka), Acacia catechu Willd (somavalka)
Urinary depigmenters (mutra virajaniya) Flowers of different kinds of water lilies and lotus like Nelumbo nucifera (padma), Nymphaea stellata Willd.(utpala), , Nymphaea pubescens (kumuda), White Ginger Lily (saugandhika) etc. Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. (madhuka), Callicarpa macrophylla (priyangu) and Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz.(dhataki)
The group of drugs acting on urine as described in Charak Samhita [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/13-15]
Diuretics (mutrala) Roots of Dendrophthoe falcate Linn(vrukshadani), Tribulus terrestris (shwadanshtra), Indigofera enneaphylla Linn(vasuka), Gynandropis gynandra (vashira), Bergenia lingulata(pashanabheda), Desmostachya bipinnata (darbha & kusha), Saccharum spontaneum Linn(kasha), Saccharum sara(gundra),
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Action !!Medicines
|-
|Anti-diuretics (mutra samgrahaniya) ||Syzygium cumini(jambu), Mangifera indica Linn.(amra), Ficus lacor Buch.(plaksha), Ficus benghalensis Linn.(vata), Albizzia lebbeck(kapitana), Ficus racemosa(udumbara), Ficus religiosa (ashwattha), Semecarpus anacardium (bhallataka), Bauhinia racemosa(ashmantaka), Acacia catechu Willd (somavalka)
|-
|Urinary depigmenters (mutra virajaniya)||Flowers of different kinds of water lilies and lotus like Nelumbo nucifera (padma), Nymphaea stellata Willd.(utpala), , Nymphaea pubescens (kumuda), White Ginger Lily (saugandhika) etc. Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. (madhuka), Callicarpa macrophylla (priyangu) and Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz.(dhataki)
|-
|Diuretics (mutrala)||Roots of Dendrophthoe falcate Linn(vrukshadani), Tribulus terrestris (shwadanshtra), Indigofera enneaphylla Linn(vasuka), Gynandropis gynandra (vashira), Bergenia lingulata(pashanabheda), Desmostachya bipinnata (darbha & kusha), Saccharum spontaneum Linn(kasha), Saccharum sara(gundra)
|}
The following groups of herbs (gana) are also used in treatment.
The following groups of herbs (gana) are also used in treatment.
*Veeratarvadi gana[ Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 38/13]
*Bruhatyadi gana[ Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 38/32]
*Ushakadi gana [ Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 38/38]
*Parushakadi gana [Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 38/44]
*Trunapanchamula [Su. Sa. Sutra Sthana 38/76]
== Therapeutic use of urine ==
== Therapeutic use of urine ==
Urine is a product of animal origin (jangama dravya) used in therapeutics. [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 1/68-69] Eight types of urines are described for medicinal uses such as: urine of ewe, she-goat, cow, she-buffalo, elephant, she-camel, mare and she-donkey. [Cha.Sa.[[ Sutra Sthana]] 1/93] These are used in the preparation of evacuation enema(basti), purgatives(virechana), poultice (upanaha), affusion (parisheka) and in antidote (agada) preparations. It is indicated in afflictions such as retention of faeces, urine and flatulence (anaha), generalized enlargement of abdomen (udara roga), abdominal lumps (gulma), piles, dermatosis (kushtha) and leukoderma. [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 1/95-96] Urines possess activity as digestive stimulants, antidotes to poison and vermicides. These are excellent in the treatment of anemia(pandu). [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 1/97] Oral administration of urine pacifies [[kapha]], regulates peristaltic movement of [[vata ]] and evacuates morbid [[ pitta ]] through lower channels. [Cha. Sa.[[ Sutra Sthana ]] 1/98-99]
Urine is a product of animal origin (jangama dravya) used in therapeutics. [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 1/68-69] Eight types of urines are described for medicinal uses such as: urine of ewe, she-goat, cow, she-buffalo, elephant, she-camel, mare and she-donkey. [Cha.Sa.[[ Sutra Sthana]] 1/93] These are used in the preparation of evacuation enema(basti), purgatives(virechana), poultice (upanaha), affusion (parisheka) and in antidote (agada) preparations. It is indicated in afflictions such as retention of faeces, urine and flatulence (anaha), generalized enlargement of abdomen (udara roga), abdominal lumps (gulma), piles, dermatosis (kushtha) and leukoderma. [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 1/95-96] Urines possess activity as digestive stimulants, antidotes to poison and vermicides. These are excellent in the treatment of anemia(pandu). [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 1/97] Oral administration of urine pacifies [[kapha]], regulates peristaltic movement of [[vata ]] and evacuates morbid [[ pitta ]] through lower channels. [Cha. Sa.[[ Sutra Sthana ]] 1/98-99]