Changes

 

Majja literally means the marrow. Majja dhatu is the body component similar to bone marrow, the soft organic material that fills the cavities of the bones.(SAT-B.443)<ref>Available from http//namstp.ayush.gov.in/#/sat accessed on 05/06/2020</ref>  

<p style="text-align:justify;">Majja literally means the marrow. Majja dhatu is the body component similar to bone marrow, the soft organic material that fills the cavities of the bones.(SAT-B.443)<ref>Available from http//namstp.ayush.gov.in/#/sat accessed on 05/06/2020</ref> </p>

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|data5 = carakasamhita@gmail.com

|data5 = carakasamhita@gmail.com

|label6 = Date of first publication:

|label6 = Publisher

|data6 =June 16, 2020

 

|label7 = Date of first publication:

|data7 =June 16, 2020

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== Metabolic byproducts and waste products(Upadhatu and mala) ==

== Metabolic byproducts and waste products(Upadhatu and mala) ==

Sharangadhara considered hairs (kesha) as metabolic byproduct of majja dhatu. [Sharangadhara Sam. PurvaKhanda chapter 5]  

Sharangadhara considered hairs (kesha) as metabolic byproduct of majja dhatu. [Sha.Sa. Purva Khanda chapter 5]  

Unctuousness in eyes, skin and stools (akshi-twacha-vit sneha) are metabolic waste of majja dhatu. [Cha.Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/20]

Unctuousness in eyes, skin and stools (akshi-twacha-vit sneha) are metabolic waste of majja dhatu. [Cha.Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/20]

The channels of transportation and transformation of majja dhatu are afflicted due to the following causes[Cha. Sa. [[Vimana Sthana]] 5/18]

The channels of transportation and transformation of majja dhatu are afflicted due to the following causes[Cha. Sa. [[Vimana Sthana]] 5/18]

===='''Dietary causes'''====  

====Dietary causes====  

Excess and frequent consumption of incompatible food (viruddha ahara)  

Excess and frequent consumption of incompatible food (viruddha ahara)

===='''Exogenous causes''' ====

====Exogenous causes ====

*crushing injury

*crushing injury

*When the [[vata]] is occluded in the marrow, there will be stretching and stiffening of the trunk and extremities, excess yawning, twisting and colicky pain. The patient gets relief on pressing with the hand (gentle massage). [Cha. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/ 67-68]

*When the [[vata]] is occluded in the marrow, there will be stretching and stiffening of the trunk and extremities, excess yawning, twisting and colicky pain. The patient gets relief on pressing with the hand (gentle massage). [Cha. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/ 67-68]

==='''Prognosis'''===

===Prognosis===

*If the vitiated doshas are located in majja dhatu in the case of jwara, it is difficult to treat.[Cha. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/83]

*If the vitiated doshas are located in majja dhatu in the case of jwara, it is difficult to treat.[Cha. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/83]

*The diseases due to aggravation of [[vata dosha]] are treated with medicated ghee, oil, muscle fat, and bone marrow obtained from animal bones. This is done either by oral administration or by external applications like massage or enema. [Cha. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/317]

*The diseases due to aggravation of [[vata dosha]] are treated with medicated ghee, oil, muscle fat, and bone marrow obtained from animal bones. This is done either by oral administration or by external applications like massage or enema. [Cha. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/317]

==='''Internal administration of animal bone marrow(majja) for therapeutic oleation'''===

===Internal administration of animal bone marrow(majja) for therapeutic oleation===

===='''Indications'''====  

====Indications====  

*Animal bone marrow(majja) is used for therapeutic purposes to improve strength, semen ([[shukra]]),nutrient fluid ([[rasa]]), [[kapha dosha]], adipose tissue ([[meda]]) and bone marrow (majja) itself. It especially strengthens bones and useful for oleation. [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 13/17]

*Animal bone marrow(majja) is used for therapeutic purposes to improve strength, semen ([[shukra]]),nutrient fluid ([[rasa]]), [[kapha dosha]], adipose tissue ([[meda]]) and bone marrow (majja) itself. It especially strengthens bones and useful for oleation. [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 13/17]

*Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have the potential of differentiation and they secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors which make them appropriate for cell therapy. A study conducted to evaluate the healing effect of BM-MSCs transplantation on germinal cells showed that the transplanted BM-MSCs could successfully induce spermatogenesis in seminiferous tubules of azoospermic hamster. Therefore, BM-MSCs can be an attractive candidate in cell transplantation of azoospermia.<ref>Tamadon A et al, Induction of Spermatogenesis by Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Busulfan-induced Azoospermia in Hamster,Int J Stem Cells. 2015 Nov;8(2)134-45. doi 10.15283/ijsc.2015.8.2.134</ref>

*Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have the potential of differentiation and they secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors which make them appropriate for cell therapy. A study conducted to evaluate the healing effect of BM-MSCs transplantation on germinal cells showed that the transplanted BM-MSCs could successfully induce spermatogenesis in seminiferous tubules of azoospermic hamster. Therefore, BM-MSCs can be an attractive candidate in cell transplantation of azoospermia.<ref>Tamadon A et al, Induction of Spermatogenesis by Bone Marrow-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Busulfan-induced Azoospermia in Hamster,Int J Stem Cells. 2015 Nov;8(2)134-45. doi 10.15283/ijsc.2015.8.2.134</ref>

*In a clinical study, it is observed that majja basti (therapeutic enema with bone marrow) along with oral intake of asthi shrinkhala(Cissus quadrangularis) shows encouraging results in the management of osteoporosis (asthi-majjakshaya) and it also improves the general health of the patients.<ref>Ajay K. Gupta et al, Effect of Majja Basti (therapeutic enema) and Asthi Shrinkhala (Cissus quadrangularis) in the management ofOsteoporosis (Asthi-Majjakshaya),AYU , Jan-Mar 2012 , Vol 33 ,Issue 1,pg.110-113</ref>   

*In a clinical study, it is observed that majja [[basti]] (therapeutic enema with bone marrow) along with oral intake of asthi shrinkhala(Cissus quadrangularis) shows encouraging results in the management of osteoporosis (asthi-majjakshaya) and it also improves the general health of the patients.<ref>Ajay K. Gupta et al, Effect of Majja Basti (therapeutic enema) and Asthi Shrinkhala (Cissus quadrangularis) in the management ofOsteoporosis (Asthi-Majjakshaya),AYU , Jan-Mar 2012 , Vol 33 ,Issue 1,pg.110-113</ref>   

=== Further scope of research ===  

=== Further scope of research ===  

#Ajay K Gupta (2010):  Effect of majja basti&asthi shrinkhala in the management of osteoporosis w.s.r. to asthi-majja kshaya-A clinical study, department of panchakarma, IPGT &RA, Jamnagar.

#Ajay K Gupta (2010):  Effect of majja basti&asthi shrinkhala in the management of osteoporosis w.s.r. to asthi-majja kshaya-A clinical study, department of panchakarma, IPGT &RA, Jamnagar.

#Saurabh R Bhuva(2012):  A Comparative Study of Matra Basti and Brimhana Snehana by Asthishrinkhala Ghrita in the management of Asthi-Majja Kshaya w.s.r. to Osteopenia / Osteoporosis, department of panchakarma, IPGT &RA, Jamnagar.

#Saurabh R Bhuva(2012):  A Comparative Study of Matra Basti and Brimhana Snehana by Asthishrinkhala Ghrita in the management of Asthi-Majja Kshaya w.s.r. to Osteopenia / Osteoporosis, department of panchakarma, IPGT &RA, Jamnagar.

=== Related Chapters ===

=== Related Chapters ===

[[ Vividhashitapitiya Adhyaya]], [[ Grahani Chikitsa]]  

[[ Vividhashitapitiya Adhyaya]], [[ Grahani Chikitsa]]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

*[[Shukra dhatu]]

=== Abbreviations ===

=== Abbreviations ===

*SAT = Standard Ayurveda Terminology  

*SAT = Standard Ayurveda Terminology  

*Cha. = Charak  

*Cha. = Charak  

*Su. = Sushruta

*Su. = Sushruta  

*Sha. =Sharangadhara

*Sha. =Sharangadhara

*Sa. = Samhita

*Sa. = Samhita

== References ==

== References ==