9,091
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Line 419:
Line 419: + + − + − + + + + − + + + + + + + + + − + − + + + + + + + + + + + + − In this chapter on major diseases, the enlightened sage has fully dealt with the following: classification of diseases, their nature, sites of manifestation, primary and secondary causative factors, interchangeability and specific identity of disease, sites of doshas, enumeration of specific diseases due to doshas, invariable signs and non changeable actions of dosha and specific treatment of each dosha. (23-25)+ − + − 1. Mind and body are the sites of manifestation of diseases and get afflicted with exogenous and endogenous diseases. + − 2. Mental diseases (as diseases related to passion, worries etc. psychological factors) are exogenous diseases. + − 3. By permutation and combination, the three doshas and seven dhatus may form innumerable varieties of diseases, but only those diseases which most commonly manifest have been described in the texts. + − 4. Endogenous diseases of the general type (samanyaja) are caused by the combination of two or more doshas.+ − 5. Endogenous diseases of the specific type (Nanatmaja=Na+Anatmaja=Atmaja) are on the other hand, caused by only one of the doshas + − 6. Even if some of the vataja types of diseases are caused by other doshas besides vata, it is the vata which is actually responsible for the transmission of the vitiated doshas to a specific organ of the body as it has been said ‘kapha, pitta and dhatus, left to themselves are immobile in nature. Wherever, they are carried by the vata, they cause disease just as the wind causes rain in a particular area. + − 7. Phases in the natural history and clinical course of a disease to successive stages of prevention are described under kriyakala.+ − 8. Each dosha has its specific site of action. Various disorders are caused due to involvement of one or more qualities of dosha.+ − + + + + + +
→Management of kapha disorders
तं कटुकतिक्तकषायतीक्ष्णोष्णरूक्षैरुपक्रमैरुपक्रमेत स्वेदवमनशिरोविरेचनव्यायामादिभिः श्लेष्महरैर्मात्रां कालं चप्रमाणीकृत्य; वमनं तु सर्वोपक्रमेभ्यः श्लेष्मणि प्रधानतमं मन्यन्ते भिषजः, तद्ध्यादित एवामाशयमनुप्रविश्योरोगतं केवलंवैकारिकं श्लेष्ममूलमूर्ध्वमुत्क्षिपति, तत्रावजिते श्लेष्मण्यपि शरीरान्तर्गताः श्लेष्मविकाराः प्रशान्तिमापद्यन्ते, यथा भिन्नेकेदारसेतौ शालियवषष्टिकादीन्यनभिष्यन्द्यमानान्यम्भसा प्रशोषमापद्यन्ते तद्वदिति|१९||
तं कटुकतिक्तकषायतीक्ष्णोष्णरूक्षैरुपक्रमैरुपक्रमेत स्वेदवमनशिरोविरेचनव्यायामादिभिः श्लेष्महरैर्मात्रां कालं चप्रमाणीकृत्य; वमनं तु सर्वोपक्रमेभ्यः श्लेष्मणि प्रधानतमं मन्यन्ते भिषजः, तद्ध्यादित एवामाशयमनुप्रविश्योरोगतं केवलंवैकारिकं श्लेष्ममूलमूर्ध्वमुत्क्षिपति, तत्रावजिते श्लेष्मण्यपि शरीरान्तर्गताः श्लेष्मविकाराः प्रशान्तिमापद्यन्ते, यथा भिन्नेकेदारसेतौ शालियवषष्टिकादीन्यनभिष्यन्द्यमानान्यम्भसा प्रशोषमापद्यन्ते तद्वदिति|१९||
taṁ kaṭukatiktakaṣāyatīkṣṇōṣṇarūkṣairupakramairupakramēta svēdavamanaśirōvirēcanavyāyāmādibhiḥślēṣmaharairmātrāṁ kālaṁ ca pramāṇīkr̥tya; vamanaṁ tu sarvōpakramēbhyaḥ ślēṣmaṇi pradhānatamaṁmanyantē bhiṣajaḥ, taddhyādita ēvāmāśayamanupraviśyōrōgataṁ kēvalaṁ vaikārikaṁślēṣmamūlamūrdhvamutkṣipati, tatrāvajitē ślēṣmaṇyapi śarīrāntargatāḥ ślēṣmavikārāḥpraśāntimāpadyantē, yathā bhinnē kēdārasētau śāliyavaṣaṣṭikādīnyanabhiṣyandyamānānyambhasāpraśōṣamāpadyantē tadvaditi||19||
taṁ kaṭukatiktakaṣāyatīkṣṇōṣṇarūkṣairupakramairupakramēta svēdavamanaśirōvirēcanavyāyāmādibhiḥślēṣmaharairmātrāṁ kālaṁ ca pramāṇīkr̥tya; vamanaṁ tu sarvōpakramēbhyaḥ ślēṣmaṇi pradhānatamaṁmanyantē bhiṣajaḥ, taddhyādita ēvāmāśayamanupraviśyōrōgataṁ kēvalaṁ vaikārikaṁślēṣmamūlamūrdhvamutkṣipati, tatrāvajitē ślēṣmaṇyapi śarīrāntargatāḥ ślēṣmavikārāḥpraśāntimāpadyantē, yathā bhinnē kēdārasētau śāliyavaṣaṣṭikādīnyanabhiṣyandyamānānyambhasāpraśōṣamāpadyantē tadvaditi||19||
taM kaTukatiktakaShAyatIkShNoShNarUkShairupakramairupakrametasvedavamanashirovirecanavyAyAmAdibhiH shleShmaharairmAtrAM kAlaM ca pramANIkRutya; vamanaM tusarvopakramebhyaH shleShmaNi pradhAnatamaM manyante bhiShajaH, taddhyAditaevAmAshayamanupravishyorogataM kevalaM vaikArikaM shleShmamUlamUrdhvamutkShipati, tatrAvajiteshleShmaNyapi sharIrAntargatAH shleShmavikArAH prashAntimApadyante, yathA bhinne kedArasetaushAliyavaShaShTikAdInyanabhiShyandyamAnAnyambhasA prashoShamApadyante tadvaditi||19||
taM kaTukatiktakaShAyatIkShNoShNarUkShairupakramairupakrametasvedavamanashirovirecanavyAyAmAdibhiH shleShmaharairmAtrAM kAlaM ca pramANIkRutya; vamanaM tusarvopakramebhyaH shleShmaNi pradhAnatamaM manyante bhiShajaH, taddhyAditaevAmAshayamanupravishyorogataM kevalaM vaikArikaM shleShmamUlamUrdhvamutkShipati, tatrAvajiteshleShmaNyapi sharIrAntargatAH shleShmavikArAH prashAntimApadyante, yathA bhinne kedArasetaushAliyavaShaShTikAdInyanabhiShyandyamAnAnyambhasA prashoShamApadyante tadvaditi||19||
Abnormal kapha should be managed using drugs having pungent, bitter, astringent, sharp, hot and dry qualities. Other therapeutic modalities such as fomentation, emesis, evacuation of doshas from head, exercise etc. should have anti-kaphaja properties and these must be administered in appropriate dose and time. Amongst all the above mentioned procedures emesis is regarded the most effective form of treatment for the management of kaphaja diseases because immediately after entering the stomach, it strikes at the very root cause of the vitiation of kapha. Thus, when kapha is overcome in the stomach, any kapha-related affliction in any other part of the body gets pacified automatically quite like the drying up of crops of rice in the absence of moisture when the obstructing ridge of the field is broken.(19)
Importance of diagnosis before planning treatment:
Abnormal ''kapha'' should be managed using drugs having pungent, bitter, astringent, sharp, hot and dry qualities, and by means of other therapeutic modalities such as fomentation, emesis, evacuation of ''doshas'' from head, exercise etc. that have anti-''kaphaja'' properties and these must be administered in appropriate dose and time. Amongst all the above mentioned procedures emesis is regarded the most effective form of treatment for the management of ''kaphaja'' diseases because immediately after entering the stomach, it strikes at the very root cause of the vitiation of ''kapha''. Thus, when ''kapha'' is overcome in the stomach, any ''kapha''-related affliction in any other part of the body gets pacified automatically quite like the drying up of crops of rice in the absence of moisture when the obstructing ridge of the field is broken.[19]
==== Importance of diagnosis before planning treatment ====
भवन्ति चात्र-
भवन्ति चात्र-
रोगमादौ परीक्षेत ततोऽनन्तरमौषधम्|
रोगमादौ परीक्षेत ततोऽनन्तरमौषधम्|
ततः कर्म भिषक् पश्चाज्ज्ञानपूर्वं समाचरेत्||२०||
ततः कर्म भिषक् पश्चाज्ज्ञानपूर्वं समाचरेत्||२०||
यस्तु रोगमविज्ञाय कर्माण्यारभते भिषक्|
यस्तु रोगमविज्ञाय कर्माण्यारभते भिषक्|
अप्यौषधविधानज्ञस्तस्य सिद्धिर्यदृच्छया||२१||
अप्यौषधविधानज्ञस्तस्य सिद्धिर्यदृच्छया||२१||
यस्तु रोगविशेषज्ञः सर्वभैषज्यकोविदः|
यस्तु रोगविशेषज्ञः सर्वभैषज्यकोविदः|
देशकालप्रमाणज्ञस्तस्य सिद्धिरसंशयम्||२२||
देशकालप्रमाणज्ञस्तस्य सिद्धिरसंशयम्||२२||
bhavanti cātra-
bhavanti cātra-
rōgamādau parīkṣēta tatō'nantaramauṣadham|
rōgamādau parīkṣēta tatō'nantaramauṣadham|
tataḥ karma bhiṣak paścājjñānapūrvaṁ samācarēt||20||
tataḥ karma bhiṣak paścājjñānapūrvaṁ samācarēt||20||
yastu rōgamavijñāya karmāṇyārabhatē bhiṣak|
yastu rōgamavijñāya karmāṇyārabhatē bhiṣak|
apyauṣadhavidhānajñastasya siddhiryadr̥cchayā||21||
apyauṣadhavidhānajñastasya siddhiryadr̥cchayā||21||
yastu rōgaviśēṣajñaḥ sarvabhaiṣajyakōvidaḥ|
yastu rōgaviśēṣajñaḥ sarvabhaiṣajyakōvidaḥ|
dēśakālapramāṇajñastasya siddhirasaṁśayam||22||
dēśakālapramāṇajñastasya siddhirasaṁśayam||22||
bhavanti cAtra-
bhavanti cAtra-
rogamAdau parIkSheta tato~anantaramauShadham|
rogamAdau parIkSheta tato~anantaramauShadham|
tataH karma bhiShak pashcAjj~jAnapUrvaM samAcaret||20||
tataH karma bhiShak pashcAjj~jAnapUrvaM samAcaret||20||
yastu rogamavij~jAya karmANyArabhate bhiShak|
yastu rogamavij~jAya karmANyArabhate bhiShak|
apyauShadhavidhAnaj~jastasya siddhiryadRucchayA||21||
apyauShadhavidhAnaj~jastasya siddhiryadRucchayA||21||
yastu rogavisheShaj~jaH sarvabhaiShajyakovidaH|
yastu rogavisheShaj~jaH sarvabhaiShajyakovidaH|
deshakAlapramANaj~jastasya siddhirasaMshayam||22||
deshakAlapramANaj~jastasya siddhirasaMshayam||22||
A physician should first diagnose the disease and then select the proper medicine. Thereafter, he should administer the therapy applying the knowledge of the science of medicine (he had already gained). A physician who initiates treatment without proper diagnosis of the disease can accomplish the desired object only by chance (that is to say he cannot be sure of his success). The fact that he is well-acquainted with the knowledge of application of medicine does not necessarily guarantee his success. On the other hand, the physician who is well-versed in diagnosing disease, who is proficient in the administration of medicines and who knows about modalities to be used in a therapy (that varies from place to place and season to season) is sure to accomplish the desired outcome without any doubt.(20-22)
Summary:
A physician should first diagnose the disease and then select the proper medicine. Thereafter, he should administer the therapy applying the knowledge of the science of medicine (he had already gained). A physician who initiates treatment without proper diagnosis of the disease can accomplish the desired object only by chance (that is to say he cannot be sure of his success). The fact that he is well-acquainted with the knowledge of application of medicine does not necessarily guarantee his success. On the other hand, the physician who is well-versed in diagnosing disease, who is proficient in the administration of medicines and who knows about modalities to be used in a therapy (that varies from place to place and season to season) is sure to accomplish the desired outcome without any doubt.[20-22]
==== Summary ====
तत्र श्लोकाः-
तत्र श्लोकाः-
सङ्ग्रहः प्रकृतिर्देशो विकारमुखमीरणम् |
सङ्ग्रहः प्रकृतिर्देशो विकारमुखमीरणम् |
असन्देहोऽनुबन्धश्च रोगाणां सम्प्रकाशितः||२३||
असन्देहोऽनुबन्धश्च रोगाणां सम्प्रकाशितः||२३||
दोषस्थानानि रोगाणां गणा नानात्मजाश्च ये|
दोषस्थानानि रोगाणां गणा नानात्मजाश्च ये|
रूपं पृथक् च दोषाणां कर्म चापरिणामि यत्||२४||
रूपं पृथक् च दोषाणां कर्म चापरिणामि यत्||२४||
पृथक्त्वेन च दोषाणां निर्दिष्टाः समुपक्रमाः|
पृथक्त्वेन च दोषाणां निर्दिष्टाः समुपक्रमाः|
सम्यङ्महति रोगाणामध्याये तत्त्वदर्शिना||२५||
सम्यङ्महति रोगाणामध्याये तत्त्वदर्शिना||२५||
tatra ślōkāḥ-
tatra ślōkāḥ-
saṅgrahaḥ prakr̥tirdēśō vikāramukhamīraṇam |
saṅgrahaḥ prakr̥tirdēśō vikāramukhamīraṇam |
asandēhō'nubandhaśca rōgāṇāṁ samprakāśitaḥ||23||
asandēhō'nubandhaśca rōgāṇāṁ samprakāśitaḥ||23||
dōṣasthānāni rōgāṇāṁ gaṇā nānātmajāśca yē|
dōṣasthānāni rōgāṇāṁ gaṇā nānātmajāśca yē|
rūpaṁ pr̥thak ca dōṣāṇāṁ karma cāpariṇāmi yat||24||
rūpaṁ pr̥thak ca dōṣāṇāṁ karma cāpariṇāmi yat||24||
pr̥thaktvēna ca dōṣāṇāṁ nirdiṣṭāḥ samupakramāḥ|
pr̥thaktvēna ca dōṣāṇāṁ nirdiṣṭāḥ samupakramāḥ|
samyaṅmahati rōgāṇāmadhyāyē tattvadarśinā||25||
samyaṅmahati rōgāṇāmadhyāyē tattvadarśinā||25||
tatra shlokAH-
tatra shlokAH-
sa~ggrahaH prakRutirdesho vikAramukhamIraNam |
sa~ggrahaH prakRutirdesho vikAramukhamIraNam |
asandeho~anubandhashca rogANAM samprakAshitaH||23||
asandeho~anubandhashca rogANAM samprakAshitaH||23||
DoshasthAnAni rogANAM gaNA nAnAtmajAshca ye|
DoshasthAnAni rogANAM gaNA nAnAtmajAshca ye|
rUpaM pRuthak ca doShANAM karma cApariNAmi yat||24||
rUpaM pRuthak ca doShANAM karma cApariNAmi yat||24||
pRuthaktvena ca doShANAM nirdiShTAH samupakramAH|
pRuthaktvena ca doShANAM nirdiShTAH samupakramAH|
samya~gmahati rogANAmadhyAye tattvadarshinA||25||
samya~gmahati rogANAmadhyAye tattvadarshinA||25||
Tattva vimarsha:
In this chapter on major diseases, the enlightened sage has fully dealt with the following: classification of diseases, their nature, sites of manifestation, primary and secondary causative factors, interchangeability and specific identity of disease, sites of ''doshas'', enumeration of specific diseases due to ''doshas'', invariable signs and non changeable actions of ''dosha'' and specific treatment of each ''dosha''. [23-25]
=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===
#Mind and body are the sites of manifestation of diseases and get afflicted with exogenous and endogenous diseases.
#Mental diseases (as diseases related to passion, worries etc. psychological factors) are exogenous diseases.
#By permutation and combination, the three doshas and seven dhatus may form innumerable varieties of diseases, but only those diseases which most commonly manifest have been described in the texts.
#Endogenous diseases of the general type (samanyaja) are caused by the combination of two or more doshas.
#Endogenous diseases of the specific type (Nanatmaja=Na+Anatmaja=Atmaja) are on the other hand, caused by only one of the doshas
Vidhi vimarsha:
#Even if some of the vataja types of diseases are caused by other doshas besides vata, it is the vata which is actually responsible for the transmission of the vitiated doshas to a specific organ of the body as it has been said ‘kapha, pitta and dhatus, left to themselves are immobile in nature. Wherever, they are carried by the vata, they cause disease just as the wind causes rain in a particular area.
#Phases in the natural history and clinical course of a disease to successive stages of prevention are described under kriyakala.
#Each dosha has its specific site of action. Various disorders are caused due to involvement of one or more qualities of dosha.
=== ''Vidhi Vimarsha'' ===
Following table compares disorders enlisted in various texts.
Following table compares disorders enlisted in various texts.
S.N. Charak 1 Chakrapani1 A.S2 SH3 SudantaSen4 Vatavyadhi
S.N. Charak 1 Chakrapani1 A.S2 SH3 SudantaSen4 Vatavyadhi