Changes

The signs of proper administration of ''Langhana'' include thorough elimination of flatus, urine, and feces, feeling of lightness in body, cleansing in heart, eructation, throat and mouth, the disappearance of drowsiness and exhaustion, the appearance of perspiration and reappearance of taste, hunger and thirst along with a feeling of well-being.

The signs of proper administration of ''Langhana'' include thorough elimination of flatus, urine, and feces, feeling of lightness in body, cleansing in heart, eructation, throat and mouth, the disappearance of drowsiness and exhaustion, the appearance of perspiration and reappearance of taste, hunger and thirst along with a feeling of well-being.

The signs of excessive administration of Langhana include pain in the joints, body aches, cough, dryness of the mouth, complete loss of hunger, anorexia, thirst, weakness of hearing and vision, confusion of mind, frequent eructation, fainting, frequent upward movement of vata, feeling of darkness in the heart (tamo hrudi), loss of body weight, loss of digestive power and strength. [34-37]

 

Signs of adequate and excess Brimhana (nourishing) therapy:

The signs of excessive administration of ''Langhana'' include pain in the joints, body aches, cough, dryness of the mouth, complete loss of hunger, anorexia, thirst, weakness of hearing and vision, confusion of mind, frequent eructation, fainting, frequent upward movement of vata, feeling of darkness in the heart (''tamo hridi''), loss of body weight, loss of digestive power and strength. [34-37]

 

==== Signs of adequate and excess ''Brimhana'' (nourishing) therapy ====

 

बलं पुष्ट्युपलम्भश्च कार्श्यदोषविवर्जनम्|  

बलं पुष्ट्युपलम्भश्च कार्श्यदोषविवर्जनम्|  

लक्षणं बृंहिते स्थौल्यमति चात्यर्थबृंहिते||३८||  

लक्षणं बृंहिते स्थौल्यमति चात्यर्थबृंहिते||३८||  

कृतातिकृतलिङ्गं यल्लङ्घिते तद्धि रूक्षिते |३९|

कृतातिकृतलिङ्गं यल्लङ्घिते तद्धि रूक्षिते |३९|

balaṁ puṣṭyupalambhaśca kārśyadōṣavivarjanam|  

balaṁ puṣṭyupalambhaśca kārśyadōṣavivarjanam|  

lakṣaṇaṁ br̥ṁhitē sthaulyamati cātyarthabr̥ṁhitē||38||  

lakṣaṇaṁ br̥ṁhitē sthaulyamati cātyarthabr̥ṁhitē||38||  

kr̥tātikr̥taliṅgaṁ yallaṅghitē taddhi rūkṣitē |39|

kr̥tātikr̥taliṅgaṁ yallaṅghitē taddhi rūkṣitē |39|

balaM puShTyupalambhashca kArshyadoShavivarjanam|  

balaM puShTyupalambhashca kArshyadoShavivarjanam|  

lakShaNaM bRuMhite sthaulyamati cAtyarthabRuMhite||38||  

lakShaNaM bRuMhite sthaulyamati cAtyarthabRuMhite||38||  

kRutAtikRutali~ggaM yalla~gghite taddhi rUkShite  |39|  

kRutAtikRutali~ggaM yalla~gghite taddhi rUkShite  |39|  

Through the proper administration of Brimhana, one gets strength, robustness, and freedom from the diseases of emaciation. On excessive application of Brimhana, one suffers from corpulence (obesity). The symptoms of proper and excessive administration of Rukshana are the same as those of Langhana. [38-38½]

Through the proper administration of ''Brimhana'', one gets strength, robustness, and freedom from the diseases of emaciation. On excessive application of ''Brimhana'', one suffers from corpulence (obesity). The symptoms of proper and excessive administration of ''Rukshana'' are the same as those of ''Langhana''. [38-38½]

Signs of adequate and excess Stambhana (astringent/styptic) therapy:

Signs of adequate and excess ''Stambhana'' (astringent/styptic) therapy:

स्तम्भितः स्याद्बले लब्धे यथोक्तैश्चामयैर्जितैः||३९||  

स्तम्भितः स्याद्बले लब्धे यथोक्तैश्चामयैर्जितैः||३९||  

श्यावता स्तब्धगात्रत्वमुद्वेगो हनुसङ्ग्रहः|  

श्यावता स्तब्धगात्रत्वमुद्वेगो हनुसङ्ग्रहः|  

हृद्वर्चोनिग्रहश्च स्यादतिस्तम्भितलक्षणम्||४०||  

हृद्वर्चोनिग्रहश्च स्यादतिस्तम्भितलक्षणम्||४०||  

stambhitaḥ syādbalē labdhē yathōktaiścāmayairjitaiḥ||39||  

stambhitaḥ syādbalē labdhē yathōktaiścāmayairjitaiḥ||39||  

śyāvatā stabdhagātratvamudvēgō hanusaṅgrahaḥ|  

śyāvatā stabdhagātratvamudvēgō hanusaṅgrahaḥ|  

hr̥dvarcōnigrahaśca syādatistambhitalakṣaṇam||40||  

hr̥dvarcōnigrahaśca syādatistambhitalakṣaṇam||40||  

stambhitaH syAdbale labdhe yathoktaishcAmayairjitaiH||39||  

stambhitaH syAdbale labdhe yathoktaishcAmayairjitaiH||39||  

shyAvatA stabdhagAtratvamudvego hanusa~ggrahaH|  

shyAvatA stabdhagAtratvamudvego hanusa~ggrahaH|  

hRudvarconigrahashca syAdatistambhitalakShaNam||40||  

hRudvarconigrahashca syAdatistambhitalakShaNam||40||  

Properly administered stambhana helps the patient to regain his strength and get rid of afflicted diseases as told earlier.  

Properly administered ''stambhana'' helps the patient to regain his strength and get rid of afflicted diseases as told earlier.  

Excessive administration of stambhana causes blackish discoloration, stiffness in body parts, uneasiness, the stiffness of jaw, feeling of constriction in cardiac region, and constipation. [39-40]

Excessive administration of ''stambhana'' causes blackish discoloration, stiffness in body parts, uneasiness, the stiffness of jaw, feeling of constriction in cardiac region, and constipation. [39-40]

लक्षणं चाकृतानां स्यात् षण्णामेषां समासतः|  

लक्षणं चाकृतानां स्यात् षण्णामेषां समासतः|  

तदौषधानां धातूनामशमो  वृद्धिरेव च||४१||  

तदौषधानां धातूनामशमो  वृद्धिरेव च||४१||  

इति षट् सर्वरोगाणां प्रोक्ताः सम्यगुपक्रमाः|  

इति षट् सर्वरोगाणां प्रोक्ताः सम्यगुपक्रमाः|  

साध्यानां साधने सिद्धा मात्राकालानुरोधिनः||४२||  

साध्यानां साधने सिद्धा मात्राकालानुरोधिनः||४२||  

lakṣaṇaṁ cākr̥tānāṁ syāt ṣaṇṇāmēṣāṁ samāsataḥ|  

lakṣaṇaṁ cākr̥tānāṁ syāt ṣaṇṇāmēṣāṁ samāsataḥ|  

tadauṣadhānāṁ dhātūnāmaśamō  vr̥ddhirēva ca||41||  

tadauṣadhānāṁ dhātūnāmaśamō  vr̥ddhirēva ca||41||  

iti ṣaṭ sarvarōgāṇāṁ prōktāḥ samyagupakramāḥ|  

iti ṣaṭ sarvarōgāṇāṁ prōktāḥ samyagupakramāḥ|  

sādhyānāṁ sādhanē siddhā mātrākālānurōdhinaḥ||42||  

sādhyānāṁ sādhanē siddhā mātrākālānurōdhinaḥ||42||  

lakShaNaM cAkRutAnAM syAt ShaNNAmeShAM samAsataH|  

lakShaNaM cAkRutAnAM syAt ShaNNAmeShAM samAsataH|  

tadauShadhAnAM dhAtUnAmashamo  vRuddhireva ca||41||  

tadauShadhAnAM dhAtUnAmashamo  vRuddhireva ca||41||  

iti ShaT sarvarogANAM proktAH samyagupakramAH|  

iti ShaT sarvarogANAM proktAH samyagupakramAH|  

sAdhyAnAM sAdhane siddhA mAtrAkAlAnurodhinaH||42||  

sAdhyAnAM sAdhane siddhA mAtrAkAlAnurodhinaH||42||  

Thus, these six most useful therapies, if administrated properly in all diseases which have been described, with due consideration of time and dosage, are sure to accomplish the cure of all curable disorders.  [41-42]

Thus, these six most useful therapies, if administrated properly in all diseases which have been described, with due consideration of time and dosage, are sure to accomplish the cure of all curable disorders.  [41-42]

Summary:

==== Summary ====

 

भवति चात्र-  

भवति चात्र-  

दोषाणां बहुसंसर्गात् सङ्कीर्यन्ते ह्युपक्रमाः|  

दोषाणां बहुसंसर्गात् सङ्कीर्यन्ते ह्युपक्रमाः|  

षट्त्वं तु नातिवर्तन्ते त्रित्वं वातादयो यथा||४३||  

षट्त्वं तु नातिवर्तन्ते त्रित्वं वातादयो यथा||४३||  

bhavati cātra-  

bhavati cātra-  

dōṣāṇāṁ bahusaṁsargāt saṅkīryantē hyupakramāḥ|  

dōṣāṇāṁ bahusaṁsargāt saṅkīryantē hyupakramāḥ|  

ṣaṭtvaṁ tu nātivartantē tritvaṁ vātādayō yathā||43||  

ṣaṭtvaṁ tu nātivartantē tritvaṁ vātādayō yathā||43||  

bhavati cAtra-  

bhavati cAtra-  

doShANAM bahusaMsargAt sa~gkIryante hyupakramAH|  

doShANAM bahusaMsargAt sa~gkIryante hyupakramAH|  

ShaTtvaM tu nAtivartante tritvaM vAtAdayo yathA||43||  

ShaTtvaM tu nAtivartante tritvaM vAtAdayo yathA||43||  

As there are many combinations of dosha, these therapies also have multiple variations. However, the number of these therapies do not exceed than six, just like doshas are three in number. [43]

 

As there are many combinations of ''dosha'', these therapies also have multiple variations. However, the number of these therapies do not exceed than six, just like ''doshas'' are three in number. [43]

 

तत्र श्लोकाः-  

तत्र श्लोकाः-  

इत्यस्मिँलङ्घनाध्याये व्याख्याताः षडुपक्रमाः|  

इत्यस्मिँलङ्घनाध्याये व्याख्याताः षडुपक्रमाः|  

यथाप्रश्नं भगवता चिकित्सा यैः प्रवर्तते||४४||  

यथाप्रश्नं भगवता चिकित्सा यैः प्रवर्तते||४४||  

tatra ślōkāḥ-  

tatra ślōkāḥ-  

ityasmimँlaṅghanādhyāyē vyākhyātāḥ ṣaḍupakramāḥ|  

ityasmimँlaṅghanādhyāyē vyākhyātāḥ ṣaḍupakramāḥ|  

yathāpraśnaṁ bhagavatā cikitsā yaiḥ pravartatē||44||

yathāpraśnaṁ bhagavatā cikitsā yaiḥ pravartatē||44||

tatra shlokAH-  

tatra shlokAH-  

ityasmi@mla~gghanAdhyAye vyAkhyAtAH ShaDupakramAH|  

ityasmi@mla~gghanAdhyAye vyAkhyAtAH ShaDupakramAH|  

Now the (re-capitulatory) verse –

Now the (re-capitulatory) verse –

Thus in the chapter titled “Reducing and nourishing therapies," the six therapies which comprise the entire field of therapeutics have been expounded by the Lord Atreya (teacher) as per the inquiries of the disciples. [44]

Thus in the chapter titled “Reducing and nourishing therapies," the six therapies which comprise the entire field of therapeutics have been expounded by the Lord Atreya (teacher) as per the inquiries of the disciples. [44]

Tattva Vimarsha:

=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===

• Langhana (reducing) therapy is indicated in obese persons and those diseases with obstructive pathology due to excessively vitiated doshas.

 

• Brimhana (nourishing) therapy is indicated in emaciated persons and those diseases with degenerative pathology.  

*''Langhana'' (reducing) therapy is indicated in obese persons and those diseases with obstructive pathology due to excessively vitiated ''doshas''.

• The group of six treatments (shadupakramas) includes Langhana, Rukshana, Swedana, Brimhana, Snehana, and Stambhana. The first three of these are reducing in nature, while the latter three are nourishing.  

*''Brimhana'' (nourishing) therapy is indicated in emaciated persons and those diseases with degenerative pathology.  

Vidhi Vimarsha:

*The group of six treatments (''shadupakramas'') includes ''Langhana, Rukshana, Swedana, Brimhana, Snehana,'' and ''Stambhana''. The first three of these are reducing in nature, while the latter three are nourishing.  

 

=== ''Vidhi Vimarsha'' ===

 

Above described six therapies are grouped into Apatarpana (Langhana, or reducing) and Santarpana (Brimhana, or nourishing). In Apatarpana – lightening, dryness, and sudation therapies, and in Santarpana – nourishing, unctuousness, and astringent therapies have been mentioned. (3-8)

Above described six therapies are grouped into Apatarpana (Langhana, or reducing) and Santarpana (Brimhana, or nourishing). In Apatarpana – lightening, dryness, and sudation therapies, and in Santarpana – nourishing, unctuousness, and astringent therapies have been mentioned. (3-8)

The Rukshana (dryness) therapy produces dryness, roughness, and coarseness. In unctuous therapy, fluidity is due to liquefaction or melting or dissolution of dosha, dhatu, and mala. The mode of action of sudation therapy is due to warmth or internal heat produced by therapy. The mode of action of astringent therapy is due to inhibition of mobility and flow of dosha, dhatu, and mala. Here the meaning to be understood is that the materials - dosha, dhatu, and mala, which are flowing by slow or fast in rate by nature, to be checked or stopped. This condition refers only to the effects of atisara (diarrhea), raktasrava (bleeding), visha (poisoning), daha (burning), and vedana (pain). The drugs described here for each therapy are understood to possess such qualities as associated with them. There are, however, exceptional cases. For example, pippali and bhallataka have ushna guna (heat), but their action is Brimhana. Priyangu is sheeta guna (cool) but has Langhana effect.

The Rukshana (dryness) therapy produces dryness, roughness, and coarseness. In unctuous therapy, fluidity is due to liquefaction or melting or dissolution of dosha, dhatu, and mala. The mode of action of sudation therapy is due to warmth or internal heat produced by therapy. The mode of action of astringent therapy is due to inhibition of mobility and flow of dosha, dhatu, and mala. Here the meaning to be understood is that the materials - dosha, dhatu, and mala, which are flowing by slow or fast in rate by nature, to be checked or stopped. This condition refers only to the effects of atisara (diarrhea), raktasrava (bleeding), visha (poisoning), daha (burning), and vedana (pain). The drugs described here for each therapy are understood to possess such qualities as associated with them. There are, however, exceptional cases. For example, pippali and bhallataka have ushna guna (heat), but their action is Brimhana. Priyangu is sheeta guna (cool) but has Langhana effect.

The three categories of Langhana according to the intensity of disease and dosha aggravation are described in detail in the third chapter of Vimana sthana.  

The three categories of Langhana according to the intensity of disease and dosha aggravation are described in detail in the third chapter of Vimana sthana.  

Glossary of technical terms

=== Glossary ===

 

Sanskrit term in English meaning

Sanskrit term in English meaning

Diacritical Phonetic Sanskrit

Diacritical Phonetic Sanskrit