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<li style="font-weight:bold">Shukradharakala:<span style="font-weight:normal">The seventh Kala is shukradhara kala, present all over the body of all living beings. Jaggery and ghee are present in the sugarcane juice and milk, respectively, but it is difficult to identify their presence. Similarly, the shukra is present in the entire body,and it can be understood only by its function. Semen is ejaculated through the male urethra during coitus.Shukradhara kala can be correlated with the inner lining of the seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct, vas difference, epididymis and seminiferous tubule in the testis. <br/>It is difficult to quote references to shukradhara kala in females as observed in Ayurveda texts. But it may be correlated with the development of anasthigarbha (boneless embryo) formed by ejaculation in females only. It is mentioned in Shukrashonita Shuddhi ShariraAdhyaya.[Su. Sa. ShariraSthan 2/49]
<li style="font-weight:bold">Shukradharakala:<span style="font-weight:normal">The seventh Kala is shukradhara kala, present all over the body of all living beings. Jaggery and ghee are present in the sugarcane juice and milk, respectively, but it is difficult to identify their presence. Similarly, the shukra is present in the entire body,and it can be understood only by its function. Semen is ejaculated through the male urethra during coitus.Shukradhara kala can be correlated with the inner lining of the seminal vesicle, ejaculatory duct, vas difference, epididymis and seminiferous tubule in the testis. <br/>It is difficult to quote references to shukradhara kala in females as observed in Ayurveda texts. But it may be correlated with the development of anasthigarbha (boneless embryo) formed by ejaculation in females only. It is mentioned in Shukrashonita Shuddhi ShariraAdhyaya.[Su. Sa. ShariraSthan 2/49]
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== Importance of kala in the prevention and preservation of health ==
The primary functions of kala are protection, secretion, and absorption.
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<li style="font-weight:bold">Protection: <span style="font-weight:normal"><br/>The epidermis and dermis layer of skin, superficial and deep facia, and intermuscular septa can be considered mamsadhara kala. These structures protect and envelop the underlining tissues, muscles, vessels, nerves, organs, glands etc. <br/>The omentum, mesentery, and mesocolon are considered medodharakala. In contemporary science, the omentum is the policeman of the abdomen.Similarly, the medodhara kala works as the protective layer of abdominal viscera. And also, the endosteum and periosteum, the protecting layer of bone, can be correlated with medodhara kala. <br/>The synovial membrane and fluid within the movable joint prevent friction during its movement and protect the articulating ends of bones. <br/>The mucus membrane of the gastrointestinal tract protects the submucosal and muscular layer from hydrochloric acids and other digestive enzymes. <br/>Similarly, the meninges, pleura, and pericardium act as shock absorbers and protect the vital organs, brain, lungs, and heart. Also, we may consider the endometrium and hyaloid membrane of the eyeball in this context. </span></li>
<li style="font-weight:bold">Secretion: <span style="font-weight:normal"><br/>The pleural fluid is secreted by the mesothelial cells of the pleura, the pericardial fluid by the serous layer of the pericardium, the peritoneal fluid by its serous layer, digestive juices and enzymes, cerebrospinal fluid secreted by choroid plexus, all these can be considered as secretions of various kala.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight:bold">Absorption: <span style="font-weight:normal"><br/>The arachnoid villi and granulation of arachnoid matter absorb CSF from subarachnoid space. Similarly, the digested food (chyle) is absorbed from the intestinal villi.</span></li>
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