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== Etymology ==
<p style='text-align:justify;'>The Sanskrit term ‘Kala’ means time, a small part of anything, a symbolic expression for sixteen<ref name="ref1">Vaman ShivramApte. The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary. Bhartiya GranthaNiketan : New Delhi.page 342</ref>, and a black or dark color as mentioned in Panini.<ref name="ref2">Available from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%81la#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDalal2011185-3</ref> <br/>A specific tin coating proceduretermed as‘kalyalepa’or ‘kalai’ is applied on utensils of brass and copper. ‘Kalai’ means white wash or tin.<ref name="ref3">History of Tin-coating of Metallic Utensils in India | INTACH Intangible Cultural Heritage</ref> The main purpose of kalaiis to prevent utensils from rusting and oxidization.It serves as barrier between food and utensils. Similarly, kala is a barrier between body tissues (dhatu) and organs (ashaya) in the human body. </p>
== Definition and development of kala ==
<p style='text-align:justify;'>Kala is the innermost tissue/viscera (dhatu) lining that separates it from the inner cavity (ashaya). It can also be considered as an interface between them. [Su.Sa. ShariraSthanaDalhana 4/4] <br/>The sticky substance (shleshma) between tissue and its lumen (dhatu and ashaya) gets digested by its own dhatwagni and converts into a thin sheath-like structure known as ‘kleda’.[SharangdharaSamhita Purvakhanda 5] The kledaor moisture present in between dhatu and inner cavity(,ashaya)reacting to its heat gets converted into kala. Here, the term ‘kala’ refers to a small quantity of essence of tissue (dhatu) or tissue fluid (dhatu rasa) that oozes from it. It is similar with the liquid that oozes from tree after cutting. It envelops muscular tissue (snayu), mucus (shleshma) and serous layer (jarayu). [Ash. Sa. ShariraSthana 5/34] <br/>For a better understanding of kala, it can be correlated with the section of wood, the thin layer that lies in between the core portion of a trunk and the outer thick bark of a tree. Similarly, the section on the fleshy part of the body reveals the internal structure ofdhatu. [Su.Sa. ShariraSthanaDalhana4/6] The word ‘snayu’ refers to fibrous sheath, shleshmarefers to the mucus membrane, and jarayuas a serous layer. Kala can be correlated with membrane, septum, sheath, layers of the body or cell membrane of each cell. <br/>The topic of kala sharirais elaborated with different examples from the environment to illuminate the ideas and structure of kala. Intellectual visualization and comparative tools can be seen in the kala sharira description.</p>
== Number of kala ==
<p style='text-align:justify;'>In samhitas, the total number of kala mentioned is seven. Only slight variation can be seen in their names. [Su.Sa. ShariraSthanaDalhana 4/4], [Ash. Sa. Sharirasthana 5], [Sharangdhara Sa Purvakhanda 5/6].
It is given in table no.1 :</p>