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<br/>The rasayana chikitsa forms the backbone of treatment of janapadodhvansa as it is pivotal in enhancing the immune response to pathogenic external and internal invasion and stress. (Cha. Sa. Vimana Sthana 3/13)Different rasayana acting on pranavaha, rasavaha strotas, annavaha strotas depending on the dosha and site involvement can thus be implemented for management of janapadodhvansavyadhi. Use of various rasayana like Chyavanaprasha rasayana (Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 1/1/62-74), Bramha rasayana (Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 1/1/41-57), Amalaki rasayana (Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 1/2/9-14) etc. are popular in clinical scenario for of maintenance of health during pandemic conditions. <br/>Other non-pharmacological and psychotherapy based approaches like sadvritta palana (following proper code of conduct) and behavioural attributes like satyabhashana (honesty), bhootadaya (compassion), bali (sacrifice), devata archana (devotion), daana (charity), vriddhopaseva (showing care and empathy towards the elderly) are mentioned to facilitate the social and mental health. Providing support and care to people and families affected with pandemics is of vital importance to balance the psychological components of health especially during the pandemic like conditions. (Cha. Sa. Vimana Sthana 3/15-16) <br/>Sadvritta emphasizes on the spread and containment of the sansargajanya vyadhi (infectious diseases) and their mode of transmission. (Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 8/18) The sadvritta focuses on various domains like physical health, social behaviour, psychological state,hygiene, food etiquettes thus providing holistic care. <br/>The treatment and preventive aspects of epidemics in purview of ayurveda can be summarized in the following table-</p>

<br/>The rasayana chikitsa forms the backbone of treatment of janapadodhvansa as it is pivotal in enhancing the immune response to pathogenic external and internal invasion and stress. (Cha. Sa. Vimana Sthana 3/13)Different rasayana acting on pranavaha, rasavaha strotas, annavaha strotas depending on the dosha and site involvement can thus be implemented for management of janapadodhvansavyadhi. Use of various rasayana like Chyavanaprasha rasayana (Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 1/1/62-74), Bramha rasayana (Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 1/1/41-57), Amalaki rasayana (Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 1/2/9-14) etc. are popular in clinical scenario for of maintenance of health during pandemic conditions. <br/>Other non-pharmacological and psychotherapy based approaches like sadvritta palana (following proper code of conduct) and behavioural attributes like satyabhashana (honesty), bhootadaya (compassion), bali (sacrifice), devata archana (devotion), daana (charity), vriddhopaseva (showing care and empathy towards the elderly) are mentioned to facilitate the social and mental health. Providing support and care to people and families affected with pandemics is of vital importance to balance the psychological components of health especially during the pandemic like conditions. (Cha. Sa. Vimana Sthana 3/15-16) <br/>Sadvritta emphasizes on the spread and containment of the sansargajanya vyadhi (infectious diseases) and their mode of transmission. (Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 8/18) The sadvritta focuses on various domains like physical health, social behaviour, psychological state,hygiene, food etiquettes thus providing holistic care. <br/>The treatment and preventive aspects of epidemics in purview of ayurveda can be summarized in the following table-</p>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:justify;"

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:justify;"

! colspan="2"| Other measures to ensure the promotion of health

! Other measures to ensure the promotion of health

! colspan="2"| Promotion of mentalandsocial health

! Promotion of mentalandsocial health

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| Behavioural attributes

| Behavioural attributes

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* All these include the promotion of mental health during epidemic conditions which affect all the strata of the society.

* All these include the promotion of mental health during epidemic conditions which affect all the strata of the society.

* Mental and social health is as important as the physical health as epidemics result in massive disruption of all aspects of health.<ref name="ref29"></ref>   

* Mental and social health is as important as the physical health as epidemics result in massive disruption of all aspects of health.<ref name="ref29">Umberson D, Montez JK. Social relationships and health: a flashpoint for health policy. J Health Soc Behav. 2010;51 Suppl(Suppl):S54-S66. doi:10.1177/0022146510383501</ref>   

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| Practice of sadvritta

| Practice of sadvritta

* Shivanam upasevanam can be understood as the usage of means of protection against the spread of diseases.  

* Shivanam upasevanam can be understood as the usage of means of protection against the spread of diseases.  

* These can include the mechanical, chemical and remedial measures.   

* These can include the mechanical, chemical and remedial measures.   

* For instance, to arrest the spread of novel corona virus, WHO has suggested measures like the usage of protective material like PPE kits which include gloves, surgical face masks, goggles, face shield, and gowns etc. and routine cleansing and disinfection of environmental and other frequently touched surfaces including hand sanitization.<ref name="ref30"></ref>  

* For instance, to arrest the spread of novel corona virus, WHO has suggested measures like the usage of protective material like PPE kits which include gloves, surgical face masks, goggles, face shield, and gowns etc. and routine cleansing and disinfection of environmental and other frequently touched surfaces including hand sanitization.<ref name="ref30">Rational use of personal protective equipment for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and considerations during severe shortages [Internet]. [cited 2020 Apr 10]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications-detail/rational-use-of-personal-protective

equipment-for-coronavirus-disease-(covid-19)-and-considerations-during-severe-shortages</ref>  

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| Bramhacharya palana <br/>(Following safe sexual behaviour)

| Bramhacharya palana <br/>(Following safe sexual behaviour)

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* Sexually transmitting diseases (STD) spread through sexual contact and can affect healthy individuals unaware of the spread of such diseases. These can subject a disastrous impact on the health of women and infant.<ref name="ref31"></ref>

* Sexually transmitting diseases (STD) spread through sexual contact and can affect healthy individuals unaware of the spread of such diseases. These can subject a disastrous impact on the health of women and infant.<ref name="ref31">Sexually Transmitted Diseases - Information from CDC [Internet]. [cited 2022 Jan 23]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/std/default.html</ref>

* Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) being the most prominent example of potential spread of such morbidity inducing diseases in the community.<ref name="ref32"></ref>

* Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) being the most prominent example of potential spread of such morbidity inducing diseases in the community.<ref name="ref32">HIV/AIDS [Internet]. [cited 2022 Jan 23]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids</ref>

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| Dharma shashtranaam katha <br/>(Recreational measures)

| Dharma shashtranaam katha <br/>(Recreational measures)

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* Epidemics result in quarantine and isolation of families thus reducing the social contact and depleting the mental health.<ref name="ref33"></ref>

* Epidemics result in quarantine and isolation of families thus reducing the social contact and depleting the mental health.<ref name="ref33">Hwang TJ, Rabheru K, Peisah C, Reichman W, Ikeda M. Loneliness and social isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int Psychogeriatr. 2020;32(10):1217-1220. doi:10.1017/S1041610220000988</ref>

* Recreational measures are hence important to avoid panic and maintain the mental health during the epidemics. WHO also suggests in the same context as self- care, using coping strategies such as ensuring sufficient rest during work or between shifts,consumption of sufficient and healthy food, regularly performing physical activity, maintaining the social and mental wellbeing by staying in contact with family and friends. <ref name="ref34"></ref>

* Recreational measures are hence important to avoid panic and maintain the mental health during the epidemics. WHO also suggests in the same context as self- care, using coping strategies such as ensuring sufficient rest during work or between shifts,consumption of sufficient and healthy food, regularly performing physical activity, maintaining the social and mental wellbeing by staying in contact with family and friends. <ref name="ref34">Mental health (COVID-19) [Internet]. Public Health Sudbury & Districts. [cited 2020 Apr 10]. Available from: https://www.phsd.ca/health-topics-programs/diseases-infections/coronavirus/mental-health-covid-19</ref>

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! colspan="2"| Measures according to Sushruta Samhita

! colspan="2"| Measures according to Sushruta Samhita

| Japa (meditation), <br/>homa (sacred offering to fire), <br/>Ijya (sacred offerings)

| Japa (meditation), <br/>homa (sacred offering to fire), <br/>Ijya (sacred offerings)

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* This again includes performing the religious deeds and offerings to sacred fire which help to curb the negativity in the atmosphere and mind.<ref name="ref35"></ref>  

* This again includes performing the religious deeds and offerings to sacred fire which help to curb the negativity in the atmosphere and mind.<ref name="ref35"> Nair RR. Agnihotra Yajna: A Prototype of South Asian Traditional Medical Knowledge. Journal of Acupuncture and Meridian Studies [Internet]. 2017 Apr 1 [cited 2023 Apr 23];10(2):143–50. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2005290116301728</ref>  

* Recent researches have proved its positive effects on health  

* Recent researches have proved its positive effects on health  

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