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|title=Dantidravanti Kalpa Adhyaya

|title=Dantidravanti Kalpa Adhyaya

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|keywords=Danti (Baliospermum montanum (Willd.), Dravanti (Croton tiglium L.), therapeutic purgatives, Sneha pakas, Koshtha, various conditions of purification, measurements

|keywords=Danti (Baliospermum montanum (Willd.), Dravanti (Croton tiglium L.), therapeutic purgatives, Sneha pakas, Koshtha, various conditions of purification, measurements, Ayurveda, Indian system of medicine, charak samhita.

|description=Kalpa Sthana Chapter 12. Pharmaceutical preparations of Danti and Dravanti

|description=Kalpa Sthana Chapter 12. Pharmaceutical preparations of Danti and Dravanti

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<big>'''[[Kalpa Sthana]] Chapter 12. Pharmaceutical preparations of  Danti and Dravanti'''</big>

<big>'''[[Kalpa Sthana]] Chapter 12. Pharmaceutical preparations of  Danti and Dravanti'''</big>

{{Infobox

{{Infobox

|title = Dantidravanti Kalpa Adhyaya

|title = Dantidravanti Kalpa Adhyaya

|label5 = Other Sections

|label5 = Other Sections

|data5 = [[Sutra Sthana]], [[Nidana Sthana]],  [[Vimana Sthana]], [[Sharira Sthana]], [[Indriya Sthana]], [[Chikitsa Sthana]], [[Siddhi Sthana]]

|data5 = [[Sutra Sthana]], [[Nidana Sthana]],  [[Vimana Sthana]], [[Sharira Sthana]], [[Indriya Sthana]], [[Chikitsa Sthana]], [[Siddhi Sthana]]

 

|header3 =  

|header3 =  

}}

}}

== Introduction ==

== Introduction ==

The different formulations of ''danti'' and ''dravanti'' for therapeutic purgation are given below:

The different formulations of ''danti'' and ''dravanti'' for therapeutic purgation are given below:

1. ''Dadhi''    -  Curd

1. ''Dadhi''    -  Curd

=== Description of Danti and Dravanti ===

=== Description of Danti and Dravanti ===

Polynyms are used for the identification of the plants, to know their qualities and the therapeutic actions. Chitropachitra, sambari, pratyakshreni, chanda are not available in some of the original texts. These different names of both the plants are mentioned in Bhavaprakash Nighantu (Pg.no 399, Guduchyadi varga) in the names of ''laghudanti'' and ''dravanti'' as ''dantidvaya''. The Baliospermum montanum Muell-Arg. and Croton tigilium L. of Euphorbiaceae family are considered as the botanical source respectively. The seeds of the C. tiglium are also considered as ''jayapala'' in this text.( verse 3)

Polynyms are used for the identification of the plants, to know their qualities and the therapeutic actions. Chitropachitra, sambari, pratyakshreni, chanda are not available in some of the original texts. These different names of both the plants are mentioned in Bhavaprakasha i.e''laghudanti'' and ''dravanti'' as ''dantidvaya'' .<ref>Bhavamishra.Guduchyadi Varga  Bhavaprakasha -Volume II. Translated from Sanskrit by K.R. Srikantha Murthy. Reprint ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas academy;2004.pp.</ref>The Baliospermum montanum Muell-Arg. and Croton tigilium L. of Euphorbiaceae family are considered as the botanical source respectively. The seeds of the C. tiglium are also considered as ''jayapala'' in this text.( verse 3)

The other principle of collection of ''mula'' is discussed in [[Madanakalpa Adhyaya]] and Sushruta Samhita Sutra sthana 37th chapter. (verse 4)

The other principle of collection of ''mula'' is discussed in [[Madanakalpa Adhyaya]] and also by Sushruta.<ref>Sushruta. Sutra Sthana, Cha.37 Mishraka Adhyaya. In: Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya, Editors. Sushruta Samhita. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005. p.1-10.

</ref>(verse 4)

The fresh roots of ''danti'' and ''dravanti'' are used for the purification processing. This process reduces the harmful effect and imparts a safer action to the drug. ''Vikasi'' quality is explained in Sushruta Samhita Sutra sthana 46 / 530 and in Sharangadhara Madhyama Khanda 4/20.

The fresh roots of ''danti'' and ''dravanti'' are used for the purification processing. This process reduces the harmful effect and imparts a safer action to the drug. ''Vikasi'' quality is explained by Sushruta<ref> Sushruta. Sutra Sthana, Cha.46 Annapanavidhi Adhyaya.Verse 530 In: Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya, Editors. Sushruta Samhita. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005. p.1-10. </ref> and Sharangadhara.<ref>Sharangadhara. Sharangadhara Samhita  Madhama Khanda Chapter 4, Verse 20. Translated from Sanskrit by K.R. Srikantha Murthy. Reprint ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha orientalia;2016.pp-- </ref>

The same method of processing is described by Vriddhavaghbhata in Astanga Sangraha Kalpa Sthana 2nd chapter. The procedure of this ''samskara'' is described in Sharangadhara Madhyama Khanda 1/21-24 in the context of ''putapaka swarasa''. (verse 5)

The same method of processing is described by Vriddhavaghbhata in Astanga Sangraha Kalpa Sthana 2nd chapter. The procedure of this ''samskara'' is described in Sharangadhara Madhyama Khanda 1/21-24 in the context of ''putapaka swarasa''. (verse 5)

The similar qualities of ''tikshna, ushna, vikasi'' and ''ashukari'' are mentioned by Vriddhavaghbhata in Astanga Sangraha Kalpasthana 2nd chapter. Some additional qualities and therapeutic actions of the drug are mentioned in Bhavaprakasha Nighantu Guduchyadi Varga/ 199-200. (verse 6)

The similar qualities of ''tikshna, ushna, vikasi'' and ''ashukari'' are mentioned by Vriddhavaghbhata in Astanga Sangraha Kalpasthana 2nd chapter. Some additional qualities and therapeutic actions of the drug are mentioned in Bhavaprakasha..<ref>Bhavamishra.Guduchyadi Varga, Verse 119-200,  Bhavaprakasha -Volume II. Translated from Sanskrit by K.R. Srikantha Murthy. Reprint ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas academy;2004.pp.</ref> (verse 6)

Gangadhara considered ''gorasa'' as ''paya'': specifically one should  consider cows milk and not the soup of cows meat. Vridhha Vagbhata mentioned the same 3 ''yogas'' (Astanga Samgraha, Kalpasthana 2/62). (verse 8)  

Gangadhara considered ''gorasa'' as ''paya'': specifically one should  consider cows milk and not the soup of cows meat. Vridhha Vagbhata mentioned the same 3 ''yogas''.<ref> Indu,vagbhata.Kalpa Sthana 2 Virechana Kalpa Adhyaya,Verse 62, In:Dr Shivaprasad Sharma editor,Astanga Sangraha, ? ed.,Varanasi, Chowkhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, 2006 Pp965. </ref>(verse 8)  

One part of ''kalka'' + 2 parts of ''kashaya'' of ''danti'' and ''dravantimula''  + 2 part of ''dashamula kashaya'' are taken for the preparation of ''sneha''. (Gangadhara) The same three ''sneha'' preparations are mentioned by Vriddhavaghbhata in Ashtanga Sangraha Kalpasthana 2nd  chapter. (verse 9-10)

One part of ''kalka'' + 2 parts of ''kashaya'' of ''danti'' and ''dravantimula''  + 2 part of ''dashamula kashaya'' are taken for the preparation of ''sneha''. (Gangadhara) The same three ''sneha'' preparations are mentioned by Vriddha vaghbhata in Ashtanga Sangraha.<ref> Indu,vagbhata.Kalpa Sthana 2 Virechana Kalpa Adhyaya.In:Dr Shivaprasad Sharma editor,Astanga Sangraha, ? ed.,Varanasi, Chowkhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, 2006 Pp965. </ref>  (verse 9-10)

''Shyamadi'' refers to nine purgative drugs mentioned in [[Madanakalpa Adhyaya]], verse 6. Preparation and description of ''phanita'' is discussed in Bhavaprakasha Nigantu Iksu Varga. The same purgative preparations discussed in Astanga Sangraha Kalpasthana 2/66- 67. ''Ghrita'' or ''taila'' can be selected according to the doshas involved in the disease. (verse 11-15)

''Shyamadi'' refers to nine purgative drugs mentioned in [[Madanakalpa Adhyaya]], verse 6. Preparation and description of ''phanita'' is discussed in Bhavaprakasha Nigantu Iksu Varga. The same purgative preparations discussed in Astanga Sangraha.<ref> Indu,vagbhata.Kalpa Sthana 2 Virechana Kalpa Adhyaya,Verse 66-67, In:Dr Shivaprasad Sharma editor,Astanga Sangraha, ? ed.,Varanasi, Chowkhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, 2006 Pp965. </ref>''Ghrita'' or ''taila'' can be selected according to the doshas involved in the disease. (verse 11-15)

The same preparation as in verse 16 is mentioned in Astanga Sangraha Kalpasthana 2/68. The ''bilwasama'' dose is only for the preparation of medicament and not to be considered as therapeutic dose. ''Asrustavishi'' is nothing but ''baddhapurisha'' (Gangadhara). ''Amla pada'' (sour recipes) are ''kanji, dadima rasa, dadhi manda, madya, sidhu, souvira, tushodaka''. (verse 16)  

The same preparation as in verse 16 is mentioned in Astanga Sangraha.<ref> Indu,vagbhata.Kalpa Sthana 2 Virechana Kalpa Adhyaya,Verse 68, In:Dr Shivaprasad Sharma editor,Astanga Sangraha, ? ed.,Varanasi, Chowkhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, 2006 Pp965. </ref> The ''bilwasama'' dose is only for the preparation of medicament and not to be considered as therapeutic dose. ''Asrustavishi'' is nothing but ''baddhapurisha'' (Gangadhara). ''Amla pada'' (sour recipes) are ''kanji, dadima rasa, dadhi manda, madya, sidhu, souvira, tushodaka''. (verse 16)  

In Astanga Sangraha Kalpasthana 2/9, the same preparationas in verse 17 is mentioned. The sugarcane juice should not be extracted by instrument; it should be cleaned and chewed (Bhavaprakasha Nigantu). (verse 17)  

In Astanga Sangraha <ref>Vagbhata.Kalpa Sthana 2 Virechana Kalpa Adhyaya,Verse 9, In:Dr Shivaprasad Sharma editor,Astanga Sangraha, ? ed.,Varanasi, Chowkhamba Sanskrit Sansthan, 2006 Pp965. </ref>, the same preparations in verse 17 is mentioned. The sugarcane juice should not be extracted by instrument; it should be cleaned and chewed (Bhavaprakasha Nigantu). (verse 17)  

[[Charaka Samhita]] [[Sutra Sthana]] 27/47 the eight birds flesh are mentioned these are boiled with green gram and the root of ''danti'' & ''dravanti'' can also be considered as eight different therapeutic purgative soup preparations. (verse 18)

The eight birds flesh are mentioned these are boiled with green gram and the root of ''danti'' & ''dravanti'' can also be considered as eight different therapeutic purgative soup preparations. [Cha. Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 27/47](verse 18)

   

   

The preparation method of ''yavagu'' is mentioned in Sushruta Sutrasthana  46/344-345 and  yūśa in Sharngadhara Madhyamakhanda 2/154. (verse 19)  

The preparation method of ''yavagu'' is mentioned by Sushruta.<ref>Sushruta. Sutra Sthana, Cha.46 Annapana vidhi Adhyaya verse 334-345. In: Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya, Editors. Sushruta Samhita. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005. p.1 </ref> and  yūśa by Sharngadhara.<ref>Sharangadhara. Sharangadhara Samhita,Madhyama khanda 2/154. Translated from Sanskrit by K.R. Srikantha Murthy. Reprint ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha orientalia;2016.pp--</ref>  (verse 19)  

The ''godhuma churna'' or other flour can be used for the preparation in verse 22. The oil prepared from the decoction & paste of the roots of ''danti'' & ''dravanti'' with sesame oil is suitable for frying than the available croton oil (the seed oil of these plants). ( verse 22)

The ''godhuma churna'' or other flour can be used for the preparation in verse 22. The oil prepared from the decoction & paste of the roots of ''danti'' & ''dravanti'' with sesame oil is suitable for frying than the available croton oil (the seed oil of these plants). ( verse 22)

The fermented formulation is prepared after 1/4 th decoction is mixed with 2 ''palas'' of jaggery. (verse 30)

The fermented formulation is prepared after 1/4 th decoction is mixed with 2 ''palas'' of jaggery. (verse 30)

The method of preparation of these four yogas are mentioned in [[Tilvaka Kalpa Adhyaya]]. Souvira Charaka Samhita Kalpa. 9/7. Sura-  Charaka Samhita Kalpa. 9/8-9. Kampillaka yoga Charaka Samhita Kalpa. 9/10-11. (verse 35)

The method of preparation of these four yogas are mentioned in [[Tilvaka Kalpa Adhyaya]], Souvira [Cha. Sa. [[Kalpa Sthana]] 9/7], Sura [Cha. Sa. [[Kalpa Sthana]] 9/8-9], Kampillaka yoga [Cha. Sa.[[ Kalpa Sthana]] 9/10-11]. (verse 35)

=== Numbers of formulations described in [[Kalpa Sthana]] ===

=== Numbers of formulations described in [[Kalpa Sthana]] ===

In ''mridu paka'', the ''niryasa'' is commented specifically for the ''aragwadha phala majja'' (pulp of Cassia fistula fruit). (verse 102-103)  

In ''mridu paka'', the ''niryasa'' is commented specifically for the ''aragwadha phala majja'' (pulp of Cassia fistula fruit). (verse 102-103)  

The same as in verse 105 is opined by ''Sharangadhara Samhita Purva Khanda'' 1/33-34 ( verse 105)

The same as in verse 105 is opined by Sharangadhara.<ref>Sharangadhara. Sharangadhara Samhita Purva Khanda 1/33-34, Translated from Sanskrit by K.R. Srikantha Murthy. Reprint ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha orientalia;2016.pp--</ref> (verse 105)

 

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