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kaPapittaharaM tiktaM SItaM kaTu vipacyate|

kaPapittaharaM tiktaM SItaM kaTu vipacyate|

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Now begins the class of vegetables. ''Patha'' (Cissampelos pareira Linn.), negro coffee (Cassia occidentalis Linn.), ''shatishaka'', and marsilea (or ''sunishannaka'') are considered as astringents and effective agents for alleviating three ''doshas''. ''Vastuka'' is also laxative. [88]

Now begins the class of vegetables. ''Patha'' (Cissampelos pareira Linn.), negro coffee (Cassia occidentalis Linn.), ''shatishaka'', and marsilea (or ''sunishannaka'') are considered as astringents and effective agents for alleviating three ''doshas''. ''Vastuka'' is also laxative. [88]

Indian pennywort (Centella asiatica Linn.), country willow (Calamus tenuis Roxb.), ''raj-patha'' ''/kuchela'', ''vanatiktaka'' (Mollugo spergula Linn.), sponge gourd (''karkotaka'', Momordica dioca Roxb), avalgujaka-bakuchi seeds (Psoralea corylifolia Linn.), patolam-pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.) and ''shakuladani''- kurroa (Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth), the flowers of ''vasaka'' (Adhatoda vasika Nees), ''sharngeshtha'' (Dregia volubilis (Linn.f) Benth), ''kebuka'' (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk), hog’s weed (''kathillaka'', Boerhavia diffusa Linn.), wild tossa jute (''nadi shaka'', Corchorus olitarious Linn.), chickling vetch (''kalaya'', Lathyrus sativus Linn.), elephant’s foot (''gojihva'', Launaea asplenifolia Hook.f.), brinjal (''vartaka'', Solanum melongena Linn.) and dog mustard (''tilaparnika'', Cleome icosandra Linn.), carilla (''kaulakam'', Momordia charantia Linn.), ''karkasa'' (Momordica sp.), neem leaves (''nimbashakam'', Azadirachta indica A.Juss) and trailing rungia (''parpatakam'', Fumaria vaillantti Loisel): these are regulators of ''kapha'' and ''pitta'', bitter in taste, cold in potency and pungent on digestion. [95-97]

Indian pennywort (Centella asiatica Linn.), country willow (Calamus tenuis Roxb.), ''raj-patha'' ''/kuchela'', ''vanatiktaka'' (Mollugo spergula Linn.), sponge gourd (''karkotaka'', Momordica dioca Roxb), avalgujaka-bakuchi seeds (Psoralea corylifolia Linn.), patolam-pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.) and ''shakuladani''- kurroa (Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth), the flowers of ''vasaka'' (Adhatoda vasika Nees), ''sharngeshtha'' (Dregia volubilis (Linn.f) Benth), ''kebuka'' (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk), hog’s weed (''kathillaka'', Boerhavia diffusa Linn.), wild tossa jute (''nadi shaka'', Corchorus olitarious Linn.), chickling vetch (''kalaya'', Lathyrus sativus Linn.), elephant’s foot (''gojihva'', Launaea asplenifolia Hook.f.), brinjal (''vartaka'', Solanum melongena Linn.) and dog mustard (''tilaparnika'', Cleome icosandra Linn.), carilla (''kaulakam'', Momordia charantia Linn.), ''karkasa'' (Momordica sp.), neem leaves (''nimbashakam'', Azadirachta indica A.Juss) and trailing rungia (''parpatakam'', Fumaria vaillantti Loisel): these are regulators of ''kapha'' and ''pitta'', bitter in taste, cold in potency and pungent on digestion. [95-97]

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सर्वाणिसूप्यशाकानिफञ्जीचिल्लीकुतुम्बकः॥९८॥

सर्वाणिसूप्यशाकानिफञ्जीचिल्लीकुतुम्बकः॥९८॥

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All pot-herbs: bind weed (''phanji'', Rivea ornata (Roxb.) chois), chilli/white goose foot (Chenopodium album Linn.), white dead nettle shrub (''kutumbaka'', Lamium album L.), all tubers of ''aluka'' (Dioscoria species) variety with their leaves, ''kutinjara patra'' (Digeria muricate (Linn.) Mart), Bengal hemp plant (''shana'', Chotalaria verrucosa Linn.), flowers of silk cotton (''shalmalipushpa'', Salmalia malabarica Schott), white mountain ebony (''karbudara'', Bauhinia variegata Linn.), heliotrope (''suvarchala'', Malva rotundifolia Linn.), lablab (''nishpava'', Dolichos lablab Linn.),variegated mountain ebony ( ''kovidara'', Bauhinia purpurea Linn), coxcomb (''pattura'', Alternanthra sessilis (Linn.) R.Br.ex DC), multa jute (''chunchuparnika'', Corchorus Sp.), ''kumarajiva'' (Amaranthus paniculatus Linn.), ''lottaka'' (Amaranthus tricolor Linn.), spinach (''palankya'', Spinacia oleracea Linn.), ''marisha- amaranth'' (Amaranthus blitus Linn. var. oleracea Duthie), ''kalambanalika'' (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk), mustard (''asuryah'', Brassica juncea (Linn.) Czern & Coss), safflower (''kusumbha'', Carthamus tinctorius Linn.), vrikdhumak- young shirish, lakshmana, prapunnada- fetid cassia (Cassia tora Linn.), nalini- lotus stalk (tuber of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.), ''kutherakah''- shrubby basil (Ocimum sp.), ''lonika''- common Indian purslane (Portulaca quadrifida Linn.), ''yavashakam''- (Chenopodium purpurascens), ''kushmanda''- white gourd (Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn.), ''avalgujam''- babchi leaves (Psoralea corylifolia Linn.), ''yatuka'' (Desmodium sp.), ''shalkalyani'' (Alternanthera sp.), ''triparni''- maidenhair (Adiantum lunulatum Burm.), ''peeluparnika''- trilobed virgin’s bower (Maerua arenaria Hook.F & Th.)- are heavy, dry, delayed in digestion, sweet, cold in potency and loosen the feces. After being boiled and drained of the juice, and mixed with plenty of unctuous substance, they are good for eating. [98-103]

All pot-herbs: bind weed (''phanji'', Rivea ornata (Roxb.) chois), chilli/white goose foot (Chenopodium album Linn.), white dead nettle shrub (''kutumbaka'', Lamium album L.), all tubers of ''aluka'' (Dioscoria species) variety with their leaves, ''kutinjara patra'' (Digeria muricate (Linn.) Mart), Bengal hemp plant (''shana'', Chotalaria verrucosa Linn.), flowers of silk cotton (''shalmalipushpa'', Salmalia malabarica Schott), white mountain ebony (''karbudara'', Bauhinia variegata Linn.), heliotrope (''suvarchala'', Malva rotundifolia Linn.), lablab (''nishpava'', Dolichos lablab Linn.),variegated mountain ebony ( ''kovidara'', Bauhinia purpurea Linn), coxcomb (''pattura'', Alternanthra sessilis (Linn.) R.Br.ex DC), multa jute (''chunchuparnika'', Corchorus Sp.), ''kumarajiva'' (Amaranthus paniculatus Linn.), ''lottaka'' (Amaranthus tricolor Linn.), spinach (''palankya'', Spinacia oleracea Linn.), ''marisha- amaranth'' (Amaranthus blitus Linn. var. oleracea Duthie), ''kalambanalika'' (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk), mustard (''asuryah'', Brassica juncea (Linn.) Czern & Coss), safflower (''kusumbha'', Carthamus tinctorius Linn.), vrikdhumak- young shirish, lakshmana, prapunnada- fetid cassia (Cassia tora Linn.), nalini- lotus stalk (tuber of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.), ''kutherakah''- shrubby basil (Ocimum sp.), ''lonika''- common Indian purslane (Portulaca quadrifida Linn.), ''yavashakam''- (Chenopodium purpurascens), ''kushmanda''- white gourd (Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn.), ''avalgujam''- babchi leaves (Psoralea corylifolia Linn.), ''yatuka'' (Desmodium sp.), ''shalkalyani'' (Alternanthera sp.), ''triparni''- maidenhair (Adiantum lunulatum Burm.), ''peeluparnika''- trilobed virgin’s bower (Maerua arenaria Hook.F & Th.)- are heavy, dry, delayed in digestion, sweet, cold in potency and loosen the feces. After being boiled and drained of the juice, and mixed with plenty of unctuous substance, they are good for eating. [98-103]

''Vatsadani'', or ''guduchi'' (Tinospora cordifolia Willd Miers) pacify ''vata'' while ''gandira'' and ''chitraka''- white flowered leadwort (Plumbago zeylanica Linn.) pacify ''kapha''. ''Sheyasi''- elephant pepper (Pluchea lanceolata C.B. Clarke), ''bilvaparni'' (Limonia crenulata Roxb.) and ''bilvapatram- bael'' (Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa ex Roxb.) leaves pacify ''vata''. [106]

''Vatsadani'', or ''guduchi'' (Tinospora cordifolia Willd Miers) pacify ''vata'' while ''gandira'' and ''chitraka''- white flowered leadwort (Plumbago zeylanica Linn.) pacify ''kapha''. ''Sheyasi''- elephant pepper (Pluchea lanceolata C.B. Clarke), ''bilvaparni'' (Limonia crenulata Roxb.) and ''bilvapatram- bael'' (Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa ex Roxb.) leaves pacify ''vata''. [106]

''Bhandi''- (Albizia lebbeck (Linn.) Willd), shatavari shaka- climbing asparagus (Asparagus racemosus Willd), bala- heart-leaved sida (Sida cordifolia Linn.), jivanti shaka-cork swallow wort (Leptadenia reticulata W.& A.) and parvanyah- the leaves of scutch grass (Polygonum sp.), and parvapushpi (Polygonum sp.) are said to are effective in curing vata and pitta [107-108]

''Bhandi''- (Albizia lebbeck (Linn.) Willd), ''shatavari shaka''- climbing asparagus (Asparagus racemosus Willd), ''bala''- heart-leaved sida (Sida cordifolia Linn.), ''jivanti shaka''-cork swallow wort (Leptadenia reticulata W.& A.) and ''parvanyah''- the leaves of scutch grass (Polygonum sp.), and ''parvapushpi'' (Polygonum sp.) are said to are effective in curing ''vata'' and ''pitta'' [107-108]

Tiktam Langali- The glory lily (Gloriosa superba Linn.) and urubukayoh patrashakam- red flowered castor oil plant (Ricinus communis Linn.) are light, laxative and bitter. Tila shaka- (Sesamum indicum Linn.), vetasa-goat willow (Salix caprea Linn.), and panchangulasyashakam- castor oil plant (Ricinus sp.) are vata promoters, pungent, bitter, sour in taste, and stimulate the downward movement of bowels. Kusumbha- the safflower (Carthamus tinctorius Linn.) vegetable is dry, acid, hot, is effective in treating kapha and promotes pitta. [109]

''Tiktam Langali''- The glory lily (Gloriosa superba Linn.) and ''urubukayoh patrashakam''- red flowered castor oil plant (Ricinus communis Linn.) are light, laxative and bitter. ''Tila shaka''- (Sesamum indicum Linn.), ''vetasa''-goat willow (Salix caprea Linn.), and ''panchangulasyashakam''- castor oil plant (Ricinus sp.) are ''vata'' promoters, pungent, bitter, sour in taste, and stimulate the downward movement of bowels. ''Kusumbha''- the safflower (Carthamus tinctorius Linn.) vegetable is dry, acid, hot, is effective in treating ''kapha'' and promotes ''pitta''. [109]

Trapusha- Common cucumber (Cucumis sativus Linn.) and ervaruka- phut cucumber (Cucumis utilissimus Roxb.) are sweet, heavy, slow to digest, and cold in potency. The common cucumber is palatable, dry and a powerful diuretic. The phut cucumber, if fully ripe, allays burning, thirst, exhaustion and pain. [110]

Alabu- the bottle-gourd (Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.) is a laxative, dry, cold in potency and heavy. [111]

''Trapusha''- Common cucumber (Cucumis sativus Linn.) and ''ervaruka''- phut cucumber (Cucumis utilissimus Roxb.) are sweet, heavy, slow to digest, and cold in potency. The common cucumber is palatable, dry and a powerful diuretic. The phut cucumber, if fully ripe, allays burning, thirst, exhaustion and pain. [110]

Chirbhata- Sweet melon (Cucumis momordica Duth and Full) and phut cucumber are similar to alabu- the bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.) except that they are wholesome in loose motions. The ripe white gourd- kushmanda (Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn.) is slightly alkaline, sour-sweet, light, reduces urination and defecation, and alleviates tri-dosha. [112-113]

 

''Chirbhata''- Sweet melon (Cucumis momordica Duth and Full) and phut cucumber are similar to ''alabu''- the bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.) except that they are wholesome in loose motions. The ripe white gourd- ''kushmanda'' (Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn.) is slightly alkaline, sour-sweet, light, reduces urination and defecation, and alleviates tri-''dosha''. [112-113]

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केलूटंचकदम्बंचनदीमाषकमैन्दुकम्।

केलूटंचकदम्बंचनदीमाषकमैन्दुकम्।

विशदंगुरुशीतंचसमभिष्यन्दिचोच्यते॥११४॥

विशदंगुरुशीतंचसमभिष्यन्दिचोच्यते॥११४॥

The qualities of the keluta etc.:

The qualities of the keluta etc.:

The ''keluta, kadamba'' (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq), ''nadi-mashaka'' and ''ainduka''- common mountain ebony are non-slim, heavy, cold in potency and are said to increase discharges in body. [114]

The ''keluta, kadamba'' (Anthocephalus cadamba Miq), ''nadi-mashaka'' and ''ainduka''- common mountain ebony are non-slim, heavy, cold in potency and are said to increase discharges in body. [114]