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Kiyanta Shiraseeya Adhyaya (view source)
Revision as of 09:30, 28 November 2018
, 09:30, 28 November 2018→Samsarga and sannipata
Description of ''krimija hridroga'' indicates a very serious condition. As mentioned earlier, infestation starts with one chamber of the heart and then spreads and consumes (''bhakshyanti'') tissues across the entire heart.The patient of ''krimija hridroga'' feels severe pain in the precordial region, as if heart is being pricked/pierced by needles or cut by weapons and is a very grave heart condition that may lead to immediate death. Therefore it is a severe condition and should be promptly diagnosed and managed. It may manifest as chest pain, arrhythmia, heart failure, acute myocardial infarction-like syndrome with normal coronary arteries, ventricular arrhythmia, and loss of right ventricular function leading to sudden death. (Verse 36-40).
Description of ''krimija hridroga'' indicates a very serious condition. As mentioned earlier, infestation starts with one chamber of the heart and then spreads and consumes (''bhakshyanti'') tissues across the entire heart.The patient of ''krimija hridroga'' feels severe pain in the precordial region, as if heart is being pricked/pierced by needles or cut by weapons and is a very grave heart condition that may lead to immediate death. Therefore it is a severe condition and should be promptly diagnosed and managed. It may manifest as chest pain, arrhythmia, heart failure, acute myocardial infarction-like syndrome with normal coronary arteries, ventricular arrhythmia, and loss of right ventricular function leading to sudden death. (Verse 36-40).
==== ''Samsarga'' and ''sannipata'' ====
==== ''Samsarga'' and ''Sannipata'' ====
Combination of two provoked ''doshas'' leading to a disease is known as ''samsarga'' and when all the three provoked ''doshas'' combine then it is known as ''sannipata''. In the combinations , some ''doshas'' may be in their normal state, while others may be slightly, moderately or excessively increased or in decrease state. Similarly they may be slightly, moderately or significantly decreased. In this way, on the basis of quantum of increase, decrease etc of the ''dosha'', they can be classified into 62 types (verses from 41 to 62) as follows:
Combination of two provoked ''doshas'' leading to a disease is known as ''samsarga'' and when all the three provoked ''doshas'' combine then it is known as ''sannipata''. In the combinations , some ''doshas'' may be in their normal state, while others may be slightly, moderately or excessively increased or in decrease state. Similarly they may be slightly, moderately or significantly decreased. In this way, on the basis of quantum of increase, decrease etc of the ''dosha'', they can be classified into 62 types (verses from 41 to 62) as follows:
On the other hand, ''vikriti-vishama-samveta'' a combination of provoked ''doshas'' wherein new symptoms are produced that are neither of any of the ''doshas'' involved. For example, red colour appears on mixing of white lime and yellow turmeric, and in such a case the specific symptoms produced by the combination are described. Here in 17th chapter, specific symptoms of 12 types of ''vikriti-vishama-samveta'' ''sannipata'' are given in detail, but symptoms of ''sama sannipata'' are not given as it is ''prakriti-sama-samveta'' (Verses 41-72).
On the other hand, ''vikriti-vishama-samveta'' a combination of provoked ''doshas'' wherein new symptoms are produced that are neither of any of the ''doshas'' involved. For example, red colour appears on mixing of white lime and yellow turmeric, and in such a case the specific symptoms produced by the combination are described. Here in 17th chapter, specific symptoms of 12 types of ''vikriti-vishama-samveta'' ''sannipata'' are given in detail, but symptoms of ''sama sannipata'' are not given as it is ''prakriti-sama-samveta'' (Verses 41-72).
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</div>
'''Table 1: Clinical features of different states of ''dosha'' and ''Sannipata'':'''
'''Table 1: Clinical features of different states of ''dosha'' and ''sannipata'':'''
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Sr.No. !! ''Vata'' !! ''Pitta'' !! ''Kapha '' !! Signs
! Sr.No. !! ''Vata'' !! ''Pitta'' !! ''Kapha '' !! Signs
|}
|}
'''''Ojas''''': Ojas is well known and defined in Ayurveda in terms of its functions, its importance, its types and its sites of functions within the body. It has been described in this text as a clear and slightly red-yellowish fluid situated in the heart is known as ''ojas'', the destruction of which leads to death. Its colour resembles to that of ''ghee'', taste is like honey and its smell is like that of roasted paddy (Verses 73-75). But its interpretation in modern physiological terms is confusing. In this chapter a hint has been given in this regard that ''ojas'' is a first thing created in the body of all living creatures. The symptoms of diminished ''ojas'' include timidity, debility, constant worry, discomfort of the senses, loss of lustre, neurasthenia, dryness and emaciation.
'''''Ojas''''':
Ojas is well known and defined in Ayurveda in terms of its functions, its importance, its types and its sites of functions within the body. It has been described in this text as a clear and slightly red-yellowish fluid situated in the heart is known as ''ojas'', the destruction of which leads to death. Its colour resembles to that of ''ghee'', taste is like honey and its smell is like that of roasted paddy (Verses 73-75). But its interpretation in modern physiological terms is confusing. In this chapter a hint has been given in this regard that ''ojas'' is a first thing created in the body of all living creatures. The symptoms of diminished ''ojas'' include timidity, debility, constant worry, discomfort of the senses, loss of lustre, neurasthenia, dryness and emaciation.
'''''Āvarita madhumeha (type 1 Diabetes mellitus)''''': Two scenarios that cause provocation of ''vata'' have been mentioned: decrease of ''dhatu'' (''dhatu kshaya'') and ''avarana''(cover)[Cha. Chi. 28/59]. The description of ''madhumeha'', provided earlier in this chapter, provides a good example of ''avarana''.That a provoked or vitiated ''vata'' causes ''madhumeha'' has also been reiterated in the [[Nidana Sthana]]. All the factors that cause decrease of body tissues lead to provocation of ''vāta''. But even though ''madhumeha'' is caused by a vitiated ''vata'', its etiological factors also cause an increase in ''kapha'' and ''pitta''. The comparison of ''nidana'' of ''madhumeha'' mentioned in these two different references is tabulated here:
'''''Āvarita madhumeha (type 1 Diabetes mellitus)''''':
Two scenarios that cause provocation of ''vata'' have been mentioned: decrease of ''dhatu'' (''dhatu kshaya'') and ''avarana''(cover)[Cha. Chi. 28/59]. The description of ''madhumeha'', provided earlier in this chapter, provides a good example of ''avarana''.That a provoked or vitiated ''vata'' causes ''madhumeha'' has also been reiterated in the [[Nidana Sthana]]. All the factors that cause decrease of body tissues lead to provocation of ''vāta''. But even though ''madhumeha'' is caused by a vitiated ''vata'', its etiological factors also cause an increase in ''kapha'' and ''pitta''. The comparison of ''nidana'' of ''madhumeha'' mentioned in these two different references is tabulated here:
'''Table 2: Difference between two contexts of ''Madhumeha'':'''
'''Table 2: Difference between two contexts of ''Madhumeha'':'''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Shodhana''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Shodhana''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | Excessive ''shodhana''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | Excessive ''shodhana''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''aśhodhana''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''ashodhana''
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | Mental factors
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | Mental factors
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 1
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 1
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Śarāvikā''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Sharavika''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 2
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 2
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Kacchapikā''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Kacchapika''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Kurmīka''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Kurmika''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 3
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 3
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''jālinī ''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''jalini ''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 4
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 4
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''sarṣapī''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''sarṣhapi''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''sarṣapīkā''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''sarṣapikā''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''sarṣapīkā''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''sarṣapikā''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''sarṣapīkā''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''sarṣapikā''
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 5
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 5
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Alajī''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Alaji''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 6
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 6
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Vinatā''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Vinata''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 7
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 7
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Vidradhī''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Vidradhi''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 8
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 8
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Masurikā''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Masurika''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | -
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | -
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Kullathikā''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Kullathika''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Arunshīkā''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Arunshīka''
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 9
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 9
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Putrinī''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Putrini''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | -
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | -
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Putrikā''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Putrika''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | -
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | -
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 10
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | 10
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Vidārīkā''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Vidarīka''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | -
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | -
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | +
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Vidradi sthana''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Vidradhi sthana''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | Symptom
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | Symptom
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Pradhānamarma (hr̥daya)''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Pradhanamarma (hr̥daya)''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''hr̥ddhaṭṭana'' (Palpitation)<br><hr>''Tamak'' (dyspnoea)<br><hr>''Pramōha''<br><hr>''Kāsa'' (cough)<br><hr>''Śvāsā'' (breathlessness)
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''hriddhaṭṭana'' (Palpitation)<br><hr>''Tamak'' (dyspnoea)<br><hr>''Pramoha''<br><hr>''Kasa'' (cough)<br><hr>''Shvasa'' (breathlessness)
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Klōma''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Kloma''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Pipāsā'' (dipsia)<br><hr>''mukhaśōṣa'' (dryness of mouth)<br><hr>''Galagraha''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Pipasa'' (dipsia)<br><hr>''mukhashosha'' (dryness of mouth)<br><hr>''Galagraha''
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''yakr̥t''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''yakrit''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Śvāsa'' (Breathlessness)
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Shvasa'' (Breathlessness)
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Plīha''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Pliha''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Ucchvāsōparōdha'' (Impediment of breathing)
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Ucchvasoparodha'' (Impediment of breathing)
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''kukṣi''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''kukshi''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''kukṣi pārśvāntarāṁ sa śūlaṁ'' (Pain referred to the region between side of abdomen extending up to flanks)
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''kukṣhi parshvantaram sa shulam'' (Pain referred to the region between side of abdomen extending up to flanks)
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''vr̥kka''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''vrukka''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''pr̥ṣṭha kaṭi graham'' (stiffness of back and waist)
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''prishtha kaṭi graham'' (stiffness of back and waist)
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Nābhi''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Nabhi''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Hikkā'' (hiccups)
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Hikka'' (hiccups)
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''vaṅkṣaṇa''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''vankshana''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Sakthisāda'' (Weakness of the thigh)
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Sakthisada'' (Weakness of the thigh)
|-
|-
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Basti''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''Basti''
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''kr̥cchra pūti mūtra varcasatvaṁ'' (Painful micturition and defecation and putrid urine and faeces)
| rowspan="1" style="text-align: left;" | ''kricchra puti mutra varchasatvam'' (Painful micturition and defecation and putrid urine and faeces)
|-
|-
|} (Verse 101)
|} (Verse 101)