Changes

The physician has to touch the patient by his hand and do examination of normal and abnormal touches. Care should be taken, however, to ensure that the physician’s hand should not be too warm or cold. Also, palpation should be performed very gently. The examination done by this method helps in assessing rise of body temperature, palpation of pulse, any tenderness, guarding, rigidity, swelling, lump or growth, lymphadenopathy, palpation of organs to reveal organomegally, size of organ palpable, surface, borders, consistency, bruits etc.

The physician has to touch the patient by his hand and do examination of normal and abnormal touches. Care should be taken, however, to ensure that the physician’s hand should not be too warm or cold. Also, palpation should be performed very gently. The examination done by this method helps in assessing rise of body temperature, palpation of pulse, any tenderness, guarding, rigidity, swelling, lump or growth, lymphadenopathy, palpation of organs to reveal organomegally, size of organ palpable, surface, borders, consistency, bruits etc.

==== Anumana (estimation, or analysis) ====

==== ''Anumana'' (estimation, or analysis) ====

The scope of perception has limitations and there are many ailments that cannot be perceived using sensory organs. Such imperceptible ailments can be diagnosed using agama (texts), anumana (inference) & yukti (reasoning). [Ch. Su 11/7]

The scope of perception has limitations and there are many ailments that cannot be perceived using sensory organs. Such imperceptible ailments can be diagnosed using ''agama'' (texts), ''anumana'' (inference) and ''yukti'' (reasoning). [Ch. Su 11/7]

Anumana depends on prior knowledge acquired through pratyaksha (direct observation) and yukti (logical reasoning) and is applicable when the patient is aware of ailments suffered in the past (medical history) that can aid in drawing inferences about his current afflictions. It can also be defined as new information or inference drawn on the basis of applying one’s intelligence on information drawn through pratyaksha. It can be of three types-

''Anumana'' depends on prior knowledge acquired through ''pratyaksha'' (direct observation) and ''yukti'' (logical reasoning) and is applicable when the patient is aware of ailments suffered in the past (medical history) that can aid in drawing inferences about his current afflictions. It can also be defined as new information or inference drawn on the basis of applying one’s intelligence on information drawn through ''pratyaksha''. It can be of three types:

# Inferring the effect from cause (future knowledge): For example, by observing the seed one can have knowledge of the fruit it will bear.

# Inferring the effect from cause (future knowledge): For example, by observing the seed one can have knowledge of the fruit it will bear.