Difference between revisions of "Kha vaigunya"
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| − | + | |title=Kha vaigunya | |
| + | |titlemode=append | ||
| + | |keywords= Kha vaigunya, Kha Vaigunya in Ayurveda, Prevention of disease occurrence and recurrence, charak samhita, caraka samhita, Indian system of medicine, ayurveda, defects in system,disease-producing causes | ||
| + | |description=Prevention of disease occurrence and recurrence | ||
| + | |image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg | ||
| + | |image_alt=carak samhita | ||
| + | |type=article | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | <div style='text-align:justify;'> | ||
| + | Kha vaigunya means defect in channels of transportation and transformation. | ||
| + | Ayurvedic practitioners are trained to identify changes in micro-tissues that predispose to disease and this phenomenon is called Kha vaigunya. These changes are not sufficient to produce the disease, however, they form the essential base for possible diseases in near future. They may be at genetic level, micro cellular level, chronic inflammation in the tissues, defects due to previous treatment, or untreated toxins in the tissues. Kha vaigunya is an important milestone in the six-stage pathogenesis of disease progression ([[shatkriyakala]]). The vitiated [[dosha]] are localized at the defective body system leading to the formation of disease. | ||
| + | Occurrence and recurrence are two terms used in medical systems to understand the basic pathogenesis of the disease. Occurrence is the first occasion when a disease manifests due to the first event of disequilibrium of tissues. Whereas recurrence is a repeated occurrence of disease due to many factors including lack of proper treatment or elimination of the disease. However, the patient is a common sufferer in both processes. The events can be viewed as a ‘defective body system’. | ||
| + | </div> | ||
{{Infobox | {{Infobox | ||
|title = Contributors | |title = Contributors | ||
|label1 = Section/Chapter/topic | |label1 = Section/Chapter/topic | ||
| − | |data1 = [[Nidana]] / [[Vyadhi]] / Kha Vaigunya | + | |data1 = Concepts and Contemporary Practices -[[Nidana]] / [[Vyadhi]] / Kha Vaigunya |
| − | |label2 = | + | |label2 = Author |
| − | |data2 = Khandel S.K.<sup>1</sup>, | + | |data2 = Khandel S.K.<sup>1</sup>,Baghel M.S.<sup>1</sup> |
| − | |label3 = | + | |label3 = Reviewer |
|data3 = Basisht G.<sup>2</sup> | |data3 = Basisht G.<sup>2</sup> | ||
| Line 24: | Line 36: | ||
|data6 = carakasamhita@gmail.com | |data6 = carakasamhita@gmail.com | ||
| − | |label7 = Date of first publication: | + | |label7 = Publisher |
| − | | | + | |data7 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Development Centre]], I.T.R.A., Jamnagar, India |
| + | |||
| + | |label8 = Date of first publication: | ||
| + | |data8 = August 15, 2020 | ||
| + | |label9 = DOI | ||
| + | |data9 = [https://doi.org/10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s09.027 10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s09.027] | ||
}} | }} | ||
| + | == Causes for occurrence and recurrence of diseases == | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
Disease occurrence is a multi-factorial phenomenon. A number of causes play role in it. Disease producing causes (DPC) (utpadak hetu) differ from Disease manifesting causes (DMC) (vyanjak hetu). Kha vaigunya (defective channels of transport and transformation) is one of the most important disease-producing causes (DPC) and is a prerequisite for all diseases. ‘Kha’ literally means ‘empty or vacant space’. In view of Ayurveda's physiology and pathology, it refers to the body channels of transport and transformation. Vaigunya means defect or deformity. It can also be viewed as a factor responsible for the opportunistic process of disease. | Disease occurrence is a multi-factorial phenomenon. A number of causes play role in it. Disease producing causes (DPC) (utpadak hetu) differ from Disease manifesting causes (DMC) (vyanjak hetu). Kha vaigunya (defective channels of transport and transformation) is one of the most important disease-producing causes (DPC) and is a prerequisite for all diseases. ‘Kha’ literally means ‘empty or vacant space’. In view of Ayurveda's physiology and pathology, it refers to the body channels of transport and transformation. Vaigunya means defect or deformity. It can also be viewed as a factor responsible for the opportunistic process of disease. | ||
== Disease producing causes == | == Disease producing causes == | ||
| + | |||
DPC’s are remote and nonspecific or common causes for various diseases. These can be understood by the following points: | DPC’s are remote and nonspecific or common causes for various diseases. These can be understood by the following points: | ||
* May not be detected on laboratory investigations. | * May not be detected on laboratory investigations. | ||
| − | * Act as silent factors destabilizing the | + | * Act as silent factors destabilizing the physiology |
* They are latent, dormant, feeble in nature, but by the time they get the support of trigger factors or DMC’s become cause of the sudden onset of diseases | * They are latent, dormant, feeble in nature, but by the time they get the support of trigger factors or DMC’s become cause of the sudden onset of diseases | ||
| − | * Often unnoticed by patients and doctors both | + | * Often unnoticed by patients and doctors both |
| + | |||
Managing only the disease-specific causes, observed on laboratory evidence, immediate and manifesting causes is not a wise step. It indicates an inefficient use of medical knowledge. | Managing only the disease-specific causes, observed on laboratory evidence, immediate and manifesting causes is not a wise step. It indicates an inefficient use of medical knowledge. | ||
== Physiology of fluid circulation == | == Physiology of fluid circulation == | ||
| + | |||
In order to understand, the deformity in body channels, one shall first understand the normal basic physiology according to Ayurveda. | In order to understand, the deformity in body channels, one shall first understand the normal basic physiology according to Ayurveda. | ||
| − | Good composition of srotas or microchannels is important for the circulation of body constituents. Akasha or space, one of the mahabhuta among 5 primordial components of nature, is an important constituent of microchannels. It allows all body constituents to flow without obstruction (apratighata). It provides space required for all activities of cells, tissues, and organs, with effortless ease and zero resistance. This process is continuous in living being with the least or zeroes consumption of energy in the transportation of biofluids. | + | Good composition of [[srotas]] or microchannels is important for the circulation of body constituents. [[Akasha]] or space, one of the [[mahabhuta]] among 5 primordial components of nature, is an important constituent of microchannels. It allows all body constituents to flow without obstruction (apratighata). It provides space required for all activities of cells, tissues, and organs, with effortless ease and zero resistance. This process is continuous in living being with the least or zeroes consumption of energy in the transportation of biofluids. |
| + | |||
Space is also a basic requirement for uninterrupted movements of biofluids, and functions such as: | Space is also a basic requirement for uninterrupted movements of biofluids, and functions such as: | ||
* '''Sravana''': Permeation, infiltration of duly formed dhatus or tissues | * '''Sravana''': Permeation, infiltration of duly formed dhatus or tissues | ||
| Line 51: | Line 69: | ||
* '''Mokshana''': elimination of non-convertible byproducts of transformation called Excreta – the mala | * '''Mokshana''': elimination of non-convertible byproducts of transformation called Excreta – the mala | ||
| − | == Srotas or Microchannels == | + | == [[Srotas]] or Microchannels == |
| − | Thus, in view of the above functions, the ‘kha’ or | + | |
| + | Thus, in view of the above functions, the ‘kha’ or ‘[[srotas]]’ can be understood as: | ||
* Receivers of the matter from the surrounding environment in the form of food, drinks, and breath | * Receivers of the matter from the surrounding environment in the form of food, drinks, and breath | ||
| − | * Transformers of this mega energy into 7 dhatu or tissues | + | * Transformers of this mega energy into 7 [[dhatu]] or tissues |
| − | * Nature travels and transcends in the form of biofluids in srotas after metabolic transformation of food- drinks and breath. It is converted into physical and mental energy first, and then in knowledge and finally in bliss. | + | * Nature travels and transcends in the form of biofluids in [[srotas]] after metabolic transformation of food- drinks and breath. It is converted into physical and mental energy first, and then in knowledge and finally in bliss. |
* Dispensers of life or vitality to trillions of cells simultaneously and consistently for lifetime | * Dispensers of life or vitality to trillions of cells simultaneously and consistently for lifetime | ||
* Eliminators of the metabolic wastes mainly in the form of urine, stool, and sweat | * Eliminators of the metabolic wastes mainly in the form of urine, stool, and sweat | ||
== Scope of Kha Vaigunya == | == Scope of Kha Vaigunya == | ||
| + | |||
Therefore, the defects in the body channels can be observed as a loss of aforesaid physiological performance due to loss of patency of microchannels. It is a prerequisite for functional deformities. | Therefore, the defects in the body channels can be observed as a loss of aforesaid physiological performance due to loss of patency of microchannels. It is a prerequisite for functional deformities. | ||
| − | However, it is different from the vitiation of body channels (srotodushti), which is an outcome of admixture of dosha and dushya. This process of vitiation takes place at the site where Khavaigunya already exists. | + | |
| + | However, it is different from the vitiation of body channels (srotodushti), which is an outcome of admixture of [[dosha]] and [[dushya]]. This process of vitiation takes place at the site where Khavaigunya already exists. | ||
| + | |||
Kha vaigunya is a silent process with a general cause for abnormalities in the vasculature. It is a gradually progressing chronic phenomenon. The interrupted circulation of fluids causes the physiological arrest of metabolism and the elimination of metabolic wastes. | Kha vaigunya is a silent process with a general cause for abnormalities in the vasculature. It is a gradually progressing chronic phenomenon. The interrupted circulation of fluids causes the physiological arrest of metabolism and the elimination of metabolic wastes. | ||
== Common causes of occurrence and recurrence by Kha Vaigunya == | == Common causes of occurrence and recurrence by Kha Vaigunya == | ||
| − | * Genetic : hereditary factors observed in parents and families | + | |
| − | * Dietetic : Ignoring the rules for conscious eating | + | * Genetic : hereditary factors observed in parents and families [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 6/32]] |
| − | * Malformation of tissues | + | * Dietetic : Ignoring the rules for conscious eating [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/2/3] |
| − | * The debility and remnant toxicity caused by past diseases | + | * Malformation of tissues [Cha.Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 28] |
| − | * Mental emotional and Physical over exertion/ trauma | + | * The debility and remnant toxicity caused by past diseases [Cha.Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30] |
| + | * Mental emotional and Physical over exertion/ trauma [Cha.Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1(2)/4] | ||
* Less physical exercises | * Less physical exercises | ||
* Suppression of natural urges | * Suppression of natural urges | ||
| Line 75: | Line 98: | ||
* Repeated recurrences | * Repeated recurrences | ||
* Non adaptations and allergens (Dushi visha) | * Non adaptations and allergens (Dushi visha) | ||
| − | * Micro channels are vulnerable with remnant | + | * Micro channels are vulnerable with remnant morbidity |
| − | * Air/ water / sound/ smell/ pollen born | + | * Air/ water / sound/ smell/ pollen born pollution |
* Grains/ pulses/ vegetables and fruits allergens | * Grains/ pulses/ vegetables and fruits allergens | ||
* Wrong treatments | * Wrong treatments | ||
| Line 90: | Line 113: | ||
* Decomposed, heavy, putrefied, and stale food items. | * Decomposed, heavy, putrefied, and stale food items. | ||
* Indulging in irregular diet or eating while the previous food is undigested. | * Indulging in irregular diet or eating while the previous food is undigested. | ||
| − | * | + | * Unnecessary daytime sleep. |
* Excessive indulgence in sexual intercourse and alcohol. | * Excessive indulgence in sexual intercourse and alcohol. | ||
* Performing irregular and excessive physical exercise. | * Performing irregular and excessive physical exercise. | ||
| Line 97: | Line 120: | ||
== Tripods of disease prevention and occurrence == | == Tripods of disease prevention and occurrence == | ||
| − | The process of occurrence of disease and factors for its prevention can be understood as | + | [[File:Fig.Khavaigunya.jpg|400px|'''Figure 1: Tripods of disease process'''|thumb]] |
| − | * The red triangle denotes the pyramid of diseases caused by etiological factors which produce morbidity in bio fluids and damage the defense mechanisms of tissues and channels. They are called Nidana, Dosha & Dushya respectively. | + | |
| − | * The blue triangle represents homeostatic maintenance by ingested foods, digestion and elimination of the wastes which are | + | The process of occurrence of disease and factors for its prevention can be understood as shown in figure 1: |
| + | |||
| + | * The red triangle denotes the pyramid of diseases caused by etiological factors which produce morbidity in bio fluids and damage the defense mechanisms of tissues and channels. They are called [[Nidana]], [[Dosha]] & [[Dushya]] respectively. | ||
| + | * The blue triangle represents homeostatic maintenance by ingested foods, digestion and elimination of the wastes which are not convertible into energy. These processes are maintained by Prana, Samana & Apana type of vata [[dosha]] respectively. | ||
* In balance state of all these three defensive physiological elements are capable of turning the pathological process upside down. | * In balance state of all these three defensive physiological elements are capable of turning the pathological process upside down. | ||
| − | * The digestion and metabolism (13 types of agni) help and promotes the defense mechanism. | + | * The digestion and metabolism (13 types of [[agni]]) help and promotes the defense mechanism. |
| − | * Weaker agni produces metabolic toxins (aam) which causes disease. | + | * Weaker [[agni]] produces metabolic toxins (aam) which causes disease. |
| − | * Occurrence & | + | * Occurrence & non-occurrence depends upon these two tripods. |
== Management of disease occurrence and recurrence == | == Management of disease occurrence and recurrence == | ||
=== Guidelines to restrict kha vaigunya === | === Guidelines to restrict kha vaigunya === | ||
| + | |||
* Withdrawal from above said causes (nidana parivarjan) | * Withdrawal from above said causes (nidana parivarjan) | ||
* Timely detoxification of body and mind (ritukalina shodhana) | * Timely detoxification of body and mind (ritukalina shodhana) | ||
| Line 115: | Line 142: | ||
* Good emotions, mental balance, cheerful, enthusiastic living | * Good emotions, mental balance, cheerful, enthusiastic living | ||
* Good daily regimen/ good sleep/ physical activities | * Good daily regimen/ good sleep/ physical activities | ||
| − | * Rejuvenation therapies (rasayana) | + | * Rejuvenation therapies ([[rasayana]]) |
| − | * Aphrodisiacs (vajikarana) as and when needed | + | * Aphrodisiacs ([[vajikarana]]) as and when needed |
=== Factors responsible for the prevention of occurrence of diseases === | === Factors responsible for the prevention of occurrence of diseases === | ||
| + | |||
These factors may also be seen as natural immunity or strong defense mechanism. | These factors may also be seen as natural immunity or strong defense mechanism. | ||
* Birth in a geographical region where people are naturally strong | * Birth in a geographical region where people are naturally strong | ||
| Line 130: | Line 158: | ||
* Excellence of mind qualities | * Excellence of mind qualities | ||
* Natural tendency | * Natural tendency | ||
| − | * Youth | + | * Youth |
* Exercise daily | * Exercise daily | ||
* Cheerful nature | * Cheerful nature | ||
| − | == Requirement for | + | == Requirement for a hundred years of healthy life == |
| − | At last, the essential factors for longevity and health can be summarized. The uninterrupted continuous movement of all bio- psycho-emotional- spiritual energies produced by food –drinks- breath -sensorium & thoughts within the designated channels and sites and for designated functioning is mandated for health (veetaroga iti niroga) | + | |
| + | At last, the essential factors for longevity and health can be summarized. The uninterrupted continuous movement of all bio- psycho-emotional- spiritual energies produced by food –drinks- breath - sensorium & thoughts within the designated channels and sites and for designated functioning is mandated for health (veetaroga iti niroga) [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/4] | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Bibliography == | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Abbreviations === | ||
| + | |||
| + | Cha. = Charak, Su. = Sushruta, Sa. = Samhita | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Related links === | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[shatkriyakala]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Books == | ||
| + | #Charak. Charak Samhita. Edited by Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya. 1st ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy;2000. | ||
| + | #Sushruta. Sushruta Samhita. Edited by Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005. | ||
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Revision as of 11:53, 23 September 2022
Kha vaigunya means defect in channels of transportation and transformation. Ayurvedic practitioners are trained to identify changes in micro-tissues that predispose to disease and this phenomenon is called Kha vaigunya. These changes are not sufficient to produce the disease, however, they form the essential base for possible diseases in near future. They may be at genetic level, micro cellular level, chronic inflammation in the tissues, defects due to previous treatment, or untreated toxins in the tissues. Kha vaigunya is an important milestone in the six-stage pathogenesis of disease progression (shatkriyakala). The vitiated dosha are localized at the defective body system leading to the formation of disease. Occurrence and recurrence are two terms used in medical systems to understand the basic pathogenesis of the disease. Occurrence is the first occasion when a disease manifests due to the first event of disequilibrium of tissues. Whereas recurrence is a repeated occurrence of disease due to many factors including lack of proper treatment or elimination of the disease. However, the patient is a common sufferer in both processes. The events can be viewed as a ‘defective body system’.
| Section/Chapter/topic | Concepts and Contemporary Practices -Nidana / Vyadhi / Kha Vaigunya |
|---|---|
| Author | Khandel S.K.1,Baghel M.S.1 |
| Reviewer | Basisht G.2 |
| Editor | Deole Y.S.2 |
| Affiliations |
1Director, ArogyaLaxmi, Jaipur, India 2Charak Samhita Research, Training and Development Centre, I.P.G.T.& R.A., Jamnagar, Gujarat, India |
| Correspondence email: | carakasamhita@gmail.com |
| Publisher | Charak Samhita Research, Training and Development Centre, I.T.R.A., Jamnagar, India |
| Date of first publication: | August 15, 2020 |
| DOI | 10.47468/CSNE.2020.e01.s09.027 |
Causes for occurrence and recurrence of diseases
Disease occurrence is a multi-factorial phenomenon. A number of causes play role in it. Disease producing causes (DPC) (utpadak hetu) differ from Disease manifesting causes (DMC) (vyanjak hetu). Kha vaigunya (defective channels of transport and transformation) is one of the most important disease-producing causes (DPC) and is a prerequisite for all diseases. ‘Kha’ literally means ‘empty or vacant space’. In view of Ayurveda's physiology and pathology, it refers to the body channels of transport and transformation. Vaigunya means defect or deformity. It can also be viewed as a factor responsible for the opportunistic process of disease.
Disease producing causes
DPC’s are remote and nonspecific or common causes for various diseases. These can be understood by the following points:
- May not be detected on laboratory investigations.
- Act as silent factors destabilizing the physiology
- They are latent, dormant, feeble in nature, but by the time they get the support of trigger factors or DMC’s become cause of the sudden onset of diseases
- Often unnoticed by patients and doctors both
Managing only the disease-specific causes, observed on laboratory evidence, immediate and manifesting causes is not a wise step. It indicates an inefficient use of medical knowledge.
Physiology of fluid circulation
In order to understand, the deformity in body channels, one shall first understand the normal basic physiology according to Ayurveda. Good composition of srotas or microchannels is important for the circulation of body constituents. Akasha or space, one of the mahabhuta among 5 primordial components of nature, is an important constituent of microchannels. It allows all body constituents to flow without obstruction (apratighata). It provides space required for all activities of cells, tissues, and organs, with effortless ease and zero resistance. This process is continuous in living being with the least or zeroes consumption of energy in the transportation of biofluids.
Space is also a basic requirement for uninterrupted movements of biofluids, and functions such as:
- Sravana: Permeation, infiltration of duly formed dhatus or tissues
- Ayana: Transport of transforming nutrients (Rasa) – enforced by vyana vata
- Mokshana: elimination of non-convertible byproducts of transformation called Excreta – the mala
Srotas or Microchannels
Thus, in view of the above functions, the ‘kha’ or ‘srotas’ can be understood as:
- Receivers of the matter from the surrounding environment in the form of food, drinks, and breath
- Transformers of this mega energy into 7 dhatu or tissues
- Nature travels and transcends in the form of biofluids in srotas after metabolic transformation of food- drinks and breath. It is converted into physical and mental energy first, and then in knowledge and finally in bliss.
- Dispensers of life or vitality to trillions of cells simultaneously and consistently for lifetime
- Eliminators of the metabolic wastes mainly in the form of urine, stool, and sweat
Scope of Kha Vaigunya
Therefore, the defects in the body channels can be observed as a loss of aforesaid physiological performance due to loss of patency of microchannels. It is a prerequisite for functional deformities.
However, it is different from the vitiation of body channels (srotodushti), which is an outcome of admixture of dosha and dushya. This process of vitiation takes place at the site where Khavaigunya already exists.
Kha vaigunya is a silent process with a general cause for abnormalities in the vasculature. It is a gradually progressing chronic phenomenon. The interrupted circulation of fluids causes the physiological arrest of metabolism and the elimination of metabolic wastes.
Common causes of occurrence and recurrence by Kha Vaigunya
- Genetic : hereditary factors observed in parents and families [Cha.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 6/32]]
- Dietetic : Ignoring the rules for conscious eating [Cha.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 1/2/3]
- Malformation of tissues [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 28]
- The debility and remnant toxicity caused by past diseases [Cha.Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 30]
- Mental emotional and Physical over exertion/ trauma [Cha.Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 1(2)/4]
- Less physical exercises
- Suppression of natural urges
- Immune compromised diseases
- Repeated recurrences
- Non adaptations and allergens (Dushi visha)
- Micro channels are vulnerable with remnant morbidity
- Air/ water / sound/ smell/ pollen born pollution
- Grains/ pulses/ vegetables and fruits allergens
- Wrong treatments
- Radio activities/ chemical/ pesticides
Specific causes of occurrence of diseases
All morbidity arises due to hastily taken urbanized food such as:
- Eating sour, saline, pungent, alkaline, dried foods vegetables, meat.
- Sesame, sesame paste and preparation of (rice) flour.
- Germinated or fresh, leguminous cereals.
- Incompatible, unsuitable, rough, alkaline & channel blocking substances.
- Decomposed, heavy, putrefied, and stale food items.
- Indulging in irregular diet or eating while the previous food is undigested.
- Unnecessary daytime sleep.
- Excessive indulgence in sexual intercourse and alcohol.
- Performing irregular and excessive physical exercise.
- Affected with fear, anger, grief, greed, confusion and exhaustion.
Tripods of disease prevention and occurrence
The process of occurrence of disease and factors for its prevention can be understood as shown in figure 1:
- The red triangle denotes the pyramid of diseases caused by etiological factors which produce morbidity in bio fluids and damage the defense mechanisms of tissues and channels. They are called Nidana, Dosha & Dushya respectively.
- The blue triangle represents homeostatic maintenance by ingested foods, digestion and elimination of the wastes which are not convertible into energy. These processes are maintained by Prana, Samana & Apana type of vata dosha respectively.
- In balance state of all these three defensive physiological elements are capable of turning the pathological process upside down.
- The digestion and metabolism (13 types of agni) help and promotes the defense mechanism.
- Weaker agni produces metabolic toxins (aam) which causes disease.
- Occurrence & non-occurrence depends upon these two tripods.
Management of disease occurrence and recurrence
Guidelines to restrict kha vaigunya
- Withdrawal from above said causes (nidana parivarjan)
- Timely detoxification of body and mind (ritukalina shodhana)
- Release of natural urges is basic purification method on daily basis
- Good practices/ good company repair the epigenetic mechanism
- Strict observation of dietary guidelines and conscious eating
- Good emotions, mental balance, cheerful, enthusiastic living
- Good daily regimen/ good sleep/ physical activities
- Rejuvenation therapies (rasayana)
- Aphrodisiacs (vajikarana) as and when needed
Factors responsible for the prevention of occurrence of diseases
These factors may also be seen as natural immunity or strong defense mechanism.
- Birth in a geographical region where people are naturally strong
- Birth in a race of strong people
- Birth at a time when people naturally gain strength
- Favorable disposition of time
- Excellence of beeja (sperm / ovum) kshetra (uterus) qualities
- Excellence of ingested food
- Excellence of physique
- Excellence of satmya (adaptability to various factors responsible for the maintenance of the body)
- Excellence of mind qualities
- Natural tendency
- Youth
- Exercise daily
- Cheerful nature
Requirement for a hundred years of healthy life
At last, the essential factors for longevity and health can be summarized. The uninterrupted continuous movement of all bio- psycho-emotional- spiritual energies produced by food –drinks- breath - sensorium & thoughts within the designated channels and sites and for designated functioning is mandated for health (veetaroga iti niroga) [Cha.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 28/4]
Bibliography
Abbreviations
Cha. = Charak, Su. = Sushruta, Sa. = Samhita
Related links
Books
- Charak. Charak Samhita. Edited by Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya. 1st ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy;2000.
- Sushruta. Sushruta Samhita. Edited by Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005.