Changes

''Vipaka'' is expressed in the form of either two ''gunas'' (''guru'' and ''laghu''), or three ''rasas'' (''madhura, amla,''and ''katu'').

''Vipaka'' is expressed in the form of either two ''gunas'' (''guru'' and ''laghu''), or three ''rasas'' (''madhura, amla,''and ''katu'').

===Sanskrit text, transliteration and english translation===

===Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation===

   

   

अथात   आत्रेयभद्रकाप्यीयमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः||१|| इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||

अथात आत्रेयभद्रकाप्यीयमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः||१||  

athāta ātrēyabhadrakāpyīyamadhyāyaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1|| iti ha smāha bhagavānātrēyaḥ||2||  

 

इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||

 

athāta ātrēyabhadrakāpyīyamadhyāyaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1||  

 

iti ha smāha bhagavānātrēyaḥ||2||  

 

athAta AtreyabhadrakApyIyamadhyAyaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH||1||  

athAta AtreyabhadrakApyIyamadhyAyaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH||1||  

iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||

iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||

Now (I) shall expound the chapter entitled Atreyabhadrakapyiyam. Thus said Lord Atreya. [1-2]

 

Participants in the conference:

Now (I) shall expound the chapter entitled [[Atreyabhadrakapyiya]]. Thus said Lord Atreya. [1-2]

 

==== Participants in the conference ====

 

आत्रेयो भद्रकाप्यश्च शाकुन्तेयस्तथैव च|  

आत्रेयो भद्रकाप्यश्च शाकुन्तेयस्तथैव च|  

पूर्णाक्षश्चैव मौद्गल्यो हिरण्याक्षश्च कौशिकः||३||  

पूर्णाक्षश्चैव मौद्गल्यो हिरण्याक्षश्च कौशिकः||३||  

यः कुमारशिरा नाम भरद्वाजः स चानघः|  

यः कुमारशिरा नाम भरद्वाजः स चानघः|  

श्रीमान् वार्योविदश्चैव राजा मतिमतां वरः||४||

श्रीमान् वार्योविदश्चैव राजा मतिमतां वरः||४||

निमिश्च राजा वैदेहो बडिशश्च महामतिः|  

निमिश्च राजा वैदेहो बडिशश्च महामतिः|  

काङ्कायनश्च बाह्लीको बाह्लीकभिषजां वरः||५||  

काङ्कायनश्च बाह्लीको बाह्लीकभिषजां वरः||५||  

एते श्रुतवयोवृद्धा जितात्मानो महर्षयः|  

एते श्रुतवयोवृद्धा जितात्मानो महर्षयः|  

वने चैत्ररथे रम्ये समीयुर्विजिहीर्षवः||६||  

वने चैत्ररथे रम्ये समीयुर्विजिहीर्षवः||६||  

तेषां तत्रोपविष्टानामियमर्थवती कथा|  

तेषां तत्रोपविष्टानामियमर्थवती कथा|  

बभूवार्थविदां सम्यग्रसाहारविनिश्चये||७||

बभूवार्थविदां सम्यग्रसाहारविनिश्चये||७||

ātrēyō bhadrakāpyaśca śākuntēyastathaiva ca|  

ātrēyō bhadrakāpyaśca śākuntēyastathaiva ca|  

pūrṇākṣaścaiva maudgalyō hiraṇyākṣaśca kauśikaḥ||3||  

pūrṇākṣaścaiva maudgalyō hiraṇyākṣaśca kauśikaḥ||3||  

yaḥ kumāraśirā nāma bharadvājaḥ sa cānaghaḥ|  

yaḥ kumāraśirā nāma bharadvājaḥ sa cānaghaḥ|  

śrīmān vāryōvidaścaiva rājā matimatāṁ varaḥ||4||  

śrīmān vāryōvidaścaiva rājā matimatāṁ varaḥ||4||  

nimiśca rājā vaidēhō baḍiśaśca mahāmatiḥ|  

nimiśca rājā vaidēhō baḍiśaśca mahāmatiḥ|  

kāṅkāyanaśca bāhlīkō bāhlīkabhiṣajāṁ varaḥ||5||  

kāṅkāyanaśca bāhlīkō bāhlīkabhiṣajāṁ varaḥ||5||  

ētē śrutavayōvr̥ddhā jitātmānō maharṣayaḥ|  

ētē śrutavayōvr̥ddhā jitātmānō maharṣayaḥ|  

vanē caitrarathē ramyē samīyurvijihīrṣavaḥ||6||  

vanē caitrarathē ramyē samīyurvijihīrṣavaḥ||6||  

tēṣāṁ tatrōpaviṣṭānāmiyamarthavatī kathā|  

tēṣāṁ tatrōpaviṣṭānāmiyamarthavatī kathā|  

babhūvārthavidāṁ samyagrasāhāraviniścayē||7||  

babhūvārthavidāṁ samyagrasāhāraviniścayē||7||  

Atreyo bhadrakApyashca shAkunteyastathaiva ca|  

Atreyo bhadrakApyashca shAkunteyastathaiva ca|  

pUrNAkShashcaiva maudgalyo hiraNyAkShashca kaushikaH||3||  

pUrNAkShashcaiva maudgalyo hiraNyAkShashca kaushikaH||3||  

yaH kumArashirA nAma bharadvAjaH sa cAnaghaH|  

yaH kumArashirA nAma bharadvAjaH sa cAnaghaH|  

shrImAn vAryovidashcaiva rAjA matimatAM varaH||4||  

shrImAn vAryovidashcaiva rAjA matimatAM varaH||4||  

nimishca rAjA vaideho baDishashca mahAmatiH|  

nimishca rAjA vaideho baDishashca mahAmatiH|  

kA~gkAyanashca bAhlIko bAhlIkabhiShajAM varaH||5||  

kA~gkAyanashca bAhlIko bAhlIkabhiShajAM varaH||5||  

ete shrutavayovRuddhA jitAtmAno maharShayaH|  

ete shrutavayovRuddhA jitAtmAno maharShayaH|  

vane caitrarathe ramye samIyurvijihIrShavaH||6||  

vane caitrarathe ramye samIyurvijihIrShavaH||6||  

teShAM tatropaviShTAnAmiyamarthavatI kathA|  

teShAM tatropaviShTAnAmiyamarthavatI kathA|  

babhUvArthavidAM samyagrasAhAravinishcaye||7||  

babhUvArthavidAM samyagrasAhAravinishcaye||7||  

Once Atreya, Bhadrakapya (descendant of Shakunta), Purnakshasha (descendant of Mudgala), Hiranyaksha (the descendant of kushika), Kumarashira, Bharadwaja, the pious one, Varyovida, the king and the excellent among the wise, Nimi, the king of Videha; Badisha, the great scholar; Kankayana Bahlika, the excellent among the physicians of Bahlika – these great sages, advanced in scholarship, age and self-control- went to the beautiful forest of Chaitraratha on a pleasure trip. While sitting there, they engaged in a historic dialogue on the correlation between rasa and diet. [3-7]

Once Atreya, Bhadrakapya (descendant of Shakunta), Purnakshasha (descendant of Mudgala), Hiranyaksha (the descendant of kushika), Kumarashira, Bharadwaja, the pious one, Varyovida, the king and the excellent among the wise, Nimi, the king of Videha; Badisha, the great scholar; Kankayana Bahlika, the excellent among the physicians of Bahlika – these great sages, advanced in scholarship, age and self-control- went to the beautiful forest of Chaitraratha on a pleasure trip. While sitting there, they engaged in a historic dialogue on the correlation between rasa and diet. [3-7]

Discussion on rasa:

 

==== Discussion on ''rasa'' ====

 

एक एव रस इत्युवाच भद्रकाप्यः, यं पञ्चानामिन्द्रियार्थानामन्यतमं  

एक एव रस इत्युवाच भद्रकाप्यः, यं पञ्चानामिन्द्रियार्थानामन्यतमं  

जिह्वावैषयिकं भावमाचक्षते  

जिह्वावैषयिकं भावमाचक्षते  

अपरिसङ्ख्येया रसा  इति काङ्कायनो बाह्लीकभिषक्,  

अपरिसङ्ख्येया रसा  इति काङ्कायनो बाह्लीकभिषक्,  

आश्रयगुणकर्मसंस्वादविशेषाणामपरिसङ्ख्येयत्वात्||८||

आश्रयगुणकर्मसंस्वादविशेषाणामपरिसङ्ख्येयत्वात्||८||

ēka ēva rasa ityuvāca bhadrakāpyaḥ, yaṁ pañcānāmindriyārthānāmanyatamaṁ  

ēka ēva rasa ityuvāca bhadrakāpyaḥ, yaṁ pañcānāmindriyārthānāmanyatamaṁ  

jihvāvaiṣayikaṁ bhāvamācakṣatē kuśalāḥ, sa punarudakādananya iti|  

jihvāvaiṣayikaṁ bhāvamācakṣatē kuśalāḥ, sa punarudakādananya iti|  

aparisaṅkhyēyā rasā iti kāṅkāyanō bāhlīkabhiṣak,  

aparisaṅkhyēyā rasā iti kāṅkāyanō bāhlīkabhiṣak,  

āśrayaguṇakarmasaṁsvādaviśēṣāṇāmaparisaṅkhyēyatvāt||8||  

āśrayaguṇakarmasaṁsvādaviśēṣāṇāmaparisaṅkhyēyatvāt||8||  

eka eva rasa ityuvAca bhadrakApyaH, yaM pa~jcAnAmindriyArthAnAmanyatamaM jihvAvaiShayikaM bhAvamAcakShate kushalAH, sa punarudakAdananya iti|  

eka eva rasa ityuvAca bhadrakApyaH, yaM pa~jcAnAmindriyArthAnAmanyatamaM jihvAvaiShayikaM bhAvamAcakShate kushalAH, sa punarudakAdananya iti|  

dvau rasAviti shAkunteyo brAhmaNaH, chedanIya upashamanIyashceti|  

dvau rasAviti shAkunteyo brAhmaNaH, chedanIya upashamanIyashceti|  

aShTau rasA iti baDisho dhAmArgavaH, madhurAmlalavaNakaTutiktakaShAyakShArAvyaktAH|  

aShTau rasA iti baDisho dhAmArgavaH, madhurAmlalavaNakaTutiktakaShAyakShArAvyaktAH|  

aparisa~gkhyeyA rasA iti kA~gkAyano bAhlIkabhiShak, AshrayaguNakarmasaMsvAdavisheShANAmaparisa~gkhyeyatvAt||8||  

aparisa~gkhyeyA rasA iti kA~gkAyano bAhlIkabhiShak, AshrayaguNakarmasaMsvAdavisheShANAmaparisa~gkhyeyatvAt||8||  

“There is only one rasa”, said Bhadrakapya, “which is one of the five sense objects, being the object of gustatory organ, and not different from water". “Two rasas”, said the brahmana descendant of Shakunta, “and these are eliminating and pacifying”. "Three rasas”, said Purnakaksha, the descendant of Mudgala, “such as eliminating, pacifying and general (having both properties)". "Four rasas” said Hiranyaksha, the descendant of Kushika, “such as palatable wholesome, palatable unwholesome, impalatable wholesome and impalatable unwholesome." “Five rasas”, said Kumarashira Bharadwaja, “such as derived from the five basic elements- bhumi, udaka, agni, vayu and ankasha". “Six rasas”, said Vayorvida, the king sage, “such as heavy, light, cold, hot, unctuous and rough”. “Seven rasas”, said Nimi, (the king) of Videha, “such as sweet, sour, saline, pungent, bitter, astringent and alkaline”. "Eight rasas, said Badisha, belonging to the clan of Dhamargava, “such as sweet, sour, saline, pungent bitter, astringent, alkaline and unmanifested". “Rasas are innumerable”, said Kankayana, the physician of Bahlika, “because factors like substratum (substance), property, action and taste are innumerable". [8]

“There is only one rasa”, said Bhadrakapya, “which is one of the five sense objects, being the object of gustatory organ, and not different from water". “Two rasas”, said the brahmana descendant of Shakunta, “and these are eliminating and pacifying”. "Three rasas”, said Purnakaksha, the descendant of Mudgala, “such as eliminating, pacifying and general (having both properties)". "Four rasas” said Hiranyaksha, the descendant of Kushika, “such as palatable wholesome, palatable unwholesome, impalatable wholesome and impalatable unwholesome." “Five rasas”, said Kumarashira Bharadwaja, “such as derived from the five basic elements- bhumi, udaka, agni, vayu and ankasha". “Six rasas”, said Vayorvida, the king sage, “such as heavy, light, cold, hot, unctuous and rough”. “Seven rasas”, said Nimi, (the king) of Videha, “such as sweet, sour, saline, pungent, bitter, astringent and alkaline”. "Eight rasas, said Badisha, belonging to the clan of Dhamargava, “such as sweet, sour, saline, pungent bitter, astringent, alkaline and unmanifested". “Rasas are innumerable”, said Kankayana, the physician of Bahlika, “because factors like substratum (substance), property, action and taste are innumerable". [8]

षडेव रसा इत्युवाच भगवानात्रेयः पुनर्वसुः,  

षडेव रसा इत्युवाच भगवानात्रेयः पुनर्वसुः,