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<li>Sushruta mentions that one who knows theory only without practical aspects of science cannot efficiently treat the patients (kevala shastradnya). The one who practices science without understanding the theory or basic [[Dnyana|knowledge]] behind any phenomenon does not get validation from society and authority (kevala karmagnya).[Su.Sa. [[Sutra Sthana|Sutra Sthana]].3/48-49] Both individuals are considered incompetent due to their incomplete practical/theoretical [[Dnyana|knowledge]]. These individuals are termed as “ardhavedadhara” similar to the bird having single wing. (Su.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana|Sutra Sthana]].4/50)  </li>

<li>Sushruta mentions that one who knows theory only without practical aspects of science cannot efficiently treat the patients (kevala shastradnya). The one who practices science without understanding the theory or basic [[Dnyana|knowledge]] behind any phenomenon does not get validation from society and authority (kevala karmagnya).[Su.Sa. [[Sutra Sthana|Sutra Sthana]].3/48-49] Both individuals are considered incompetent due to their incomplete practical/theoretical [[Dnyana|knowledge]]. These individuals are termed as “ardhavedadhara” similar to the bird having single wing. (Su.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana|Sutra Sthana]].4/50)  </li>

<li>Sushruta also mentions that one can only be termed as [[Vaidya|vaidya]] if he has learned the shastra from a Guru in its entirety.  It should be learned directly from the teacher (guru mukhodgeerna), inculcated the principles through self-study and hard work (upasya), and repeatedly listened to or going through the teachings of the Guru (asakruta). Those who have not acquired [[Dnyana|knowledge]] through the above-mentioned means should be termed as taskara (quack). (Su.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana|Sutra Sthana]].4/8) </li>

<li>Sushruta also mentions that one can only be termed as [[Vaidya|vaidya]] if he has learned the shastra from a Guru in its entirety.  It should be learned directly from the teacher (guru mukhodgeerna), inculcated the principles through self-study and hard work (upasya), and repeatedly listened to or going through the teachings of the Guru (asakruta). Those who have not acquired [[Dnyana|knowledge]] through the above-mentioned means should be termed as taskara (quack). (Su.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana|Sutra Sthana]].4/8) </li>

<li>Sushruta also states that aushadhi or medicines are like shastra (weapons), ashani (lightening), visha (poison). Hence it must not be prescribed by unqualified or incompetent individuals. (Su.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana|Sutra Sthana]].3/51) One who is trained in both aspects can efficiently render [[Health|health]] to the patients, similar to a chariot with two wheels on a battle field. (Su.Sa. [[Sutra Sthana|Sutra Sthana]].3/54). The proper practice and practical utility of teachings in the science is encouraged as a science learnt without the application of same leads to mere hard work just as a donkey carrying sandalwood feels only the load and is not aware of the value of the load. An unintelligent and foolish person with theoretical [[Dnyana|knowledge]] of various topics but unaware of actual contents and importance possess them just like a donkey. (Su.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana|Sutra Sthana]].4/4) Thus, [[Dnyana|knowledge]] broadens and widens when one compliments the pratyaksha [[Dnyana|dnyana]] (practical [[Dnyana|knowledge]]) with shastra [[Dnyana|dnyana]] ([[Dnyana|knowledge]] of texts). Hence, one should observe patients' physical and anatomical characteristics to make an accurate diagnosis. (Su.Sa. Shareera Sthana.5/48,51)  </li>

<li>Sushruta also states that [[Aushadhi|aushadhi]] or medicines are like shastra (weapons), ashani (lightening), [[Visha Chikitsa|visha]] (poison). Hence it must not be prescribed by unqualified or incompetent individuals. (Su.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana|Sutra Sthana]].3/51) One who is trained in both aspects can efficiently render [[Health|health]] to the patients, similar to a chariot with two wheels on a battle field. (Su.Sa. [[Sutra Sthana|Sutra Sthana]].3/54). The proper practice and practical utility of teachings in the science is encouraged as a science learnt without the application of same leads to mere hard work just as a donkey carrying sandalwood feels only the load and is not aware of the value of the load. An unintelligent and foolish person with theoretical [[Dnyana|knowledge]] of various topics but unaware of actual contents and importance possess them just like a donkey. (Su.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana|Sutra Sthana]].4/4) Thus, [[Dnyana|knowledge]] broadens and widens when one compliments the pratyaksha [[Dnyana|dnyana]] (practical [[Dnyana|knowledge]]) with shastra [[Dnyana|dnyana]] ([[Dnyana|knowledge]] of texts). Hence, one should observe patients' physical and anatomical characteristics to make an accurate diagnosis. (Su.Sa. Shareera Sthana.5/48,51)  </li>

<li>Charaka has also stated a few examples to underline the disadvantages of incomplete [[Dnyana|knowledge]] of physicians, like a flight of a flock of birds on sensing the signs of danger (Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana|Sutra Sthana]].30/72-73). Hence, eight types of questions should be asked to assess the [[Dnyana|knowledge]] of such individuals. These include the aspects of tantra and tantra-artha related with shastra pariksha. One who is well versed with '[[Dnyana|dnyana]]’ as stated in the text can efficiently treat the patient by understanding the patient's psyche. (Cha.Sa.Vimana Sthana .4/12). Thus those having insufficient [[Dnyana|knowledge]] of shastra should always be avoided by wise persons as they represent the Yama (lord of death) itself. (A.H.Uttara Tantra 40/76)</li>

<li>Charaka has also stated a few examples to underline the disadvantages of incomplete [[Dnyana|knowledge]] of physicians, like a flight of a flock of birds on sensing the signs of danger (Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana|Sutra Sthana]].30/72-73). Hence, eight types of questions should be asked to assess the [[Dnyana|knowledge]] of such individuals. These include the aspects of tantra and tantra-artha related with shastra pariksha. One who is well versed with '[[Dnyana|dnyana]]’ as stated in the text can efficiently treat the patient by understanding the patient's psyche. (Cha.Sa.Vimana Sthana .4/12). Thus those having insufficient [[Dnyana|knowledge]] of shastra should always be avoided by wise persons as they represent the Yama (lord of death) itself. (A.H.Uttara Tantra 40/76)</li>

<li>Tarka (logic) based on shastra is mentioned in best practices. (Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana|Sutra Sthana]].25/40) </li>

<li>Tarka (logic) based on shastra is mentioned in best practices. (Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana|Sutra Sthana]].25/40) </li>