Changes

== Etymology and derivation ==

== Etymology and derivation ==

The word [[Vata dosha|vata]] is derived from “ta” suffix to the word “Va”.The word ‘[[Vata dosha|vata]]’ is defined as “vagatigandhanayoh”. [Su.Sa.SutraSthana 21/5]<ref name="multiple3" />  “Va” word is concerned with movement (gati) and intimation(gandhana). The meanings of word ‘gati’ are motion, moving, and going. The meaning of word gandhanaare intimation, information, and perception.

The word [[Vata dosha|vata]] is derived from “ta” suffix to the word “Va”.The word ‘[[Vata dosha|vata]]’ is defined as “vagatigandhanayoh”. [Su.Sa.SutraSthana 21/5]<ref name="multiple3" />  “Va” word is concerned with movement (gati) and intimation(gandhana). The meanings of word ‘gati’ are motion, moving, and going. The meaning of word gandhanaare intimation, information, and perception.</div>

== Synonyms<ref name="multiple7">Shabdakalpadruma, Radhakantdev R, editors. Volume 3, Delhi: Amar Publication; 2018, Available on Mana.</ref><ref name="multiple8">Monier-Williams, Monier William's Sanskrit-English Dictionary, 2nd Ed., Oxford University Press;1899.</ref> ==

== Synonyms<ref name="multiple7">Shabdakalpadruma, Radhakantdev R, editors. Volume 3, Delhi: Amar Publication; 2018, Available on Mana.</ref><ref name="multiple8">Monier-Williams, Monier William's Sanskrit-English Dictionary, 2nd Ed., Oxford University Press;1899.</ref> ==

The god of wind (maruta), movement (chala), wind(anila), present everywhere(samirana), pure (pavana), gives sensation of [[Sparshanam|touch(sparshana)]], full of strength(mahabala), [[Ayu|life(jivana)]], sadagati, help in perception of smell(gandhavaha), self-existent(swayambhu)<ref name="multiple3" />[Su.Sa.NidanaSthana 1/5], air, wind, blown, desired for, wished for, solicited, and god of wind.

The god of wind (maruta), movement (chala), wind(anila), present everywhere(samirana), pure (pavana), gives sensation of [[Sparshanam|touch(sparshana)]], full of strength(mahabala), [[Ayu|life(jivana)]], sadagati, help in perception of smell(gandhavaha), self-existent(swayambhu)<ref name="multiple3" />[Su.Sa.NidanaSthana 1/5], air, wind, blown, desired for, wished for, solicited, and god of wind.

 

== Various aspects ==

== Various aspects ==

Vata is categorized as ‘dosha’primarily because of its capability to vitiate other body components. It is also mentioned as [[Dhatu|‘dhatu’]] because in normal state, it sustainsor maintainsthe body.<ref name="multiple3" /> [Su.Sa.SutraSthana 21/4]It is also called as [[Mala|‘mala’]] as it can make the body unwholesome and produced as waste material during the process of digestion “katuavasthapaka”(last process of digestion). [Cha.Sa.ChikitsaSthana 15/11] Vata is the somatic factor having two prime functions –movements(cheshta) and process of learning or knowledge([[Dnyana|jnana]]). Vata is swayambhu(self-manifested) and it is the root cause of production, preservation, and destruction.[Su.Sa.NidanaSthana 1/7]<ref name="multiple3" />Vata is the controller of body. Vataleads the functions of all [[Dosha|dosha]], and its responsible for many [[Vyadhi|diseases]].[Su.Sa.NidanaSthana 1/8]<ref name="multiple3" />

Vata is categorized as ‘dosha’primarily because of its capability to vitiate other body components. It is also mentioned as [[Dhatu|‘dhatu’]] because in normal state, it sustainsor maintainsthe body.<ref name="multiple3" /> [Su.Sa.SutraSthana 21/4]It is also called as [[Mala|‘mala’]] as it can make the body unwholesome and produced as waste material during the process of digestion “katuavasthapaka”(last process of digestion). [Cha.Sa.ChikitsaSthana 15/11] Vata is the somatic factor having two prime functions –movements(cheshta) and process of learning or knowledge([[Dnyana|jnana]]). Vata is swayambhu(self-manifested) and it is the root cause of production, preservation, and destruction.[Su.Sa.NidanaSthana 1/7]<ref name="multiple3" />Vata is the controller of body. Vataleads the functions of all [[Dosha|dosha]], and its responsible for many [[Vyadhi|diseases]].[Su.Sa.NidanaSthana 1/8]<ref name="multiple3" />

 

== Bhautika composition ==

== Bhautika composition ==

[[Dosha|Dosha]] are descendants of [[Pancha mahabhuta|panchamahabhuta]]. Vatadosha has dominance of [[Vayu mahabhuta|vayu]] and [[Akasha mahabhuta|akashamahabhuta]].<ref name="multiple9">Vagbhata. Ashtanga Samgraha. Edited by Shivprasadsharma. 3rd Ed., Varanasi: Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series Office; 2012.</ref>[A.S. Sutra Sthana20/2]Akasha provides space for movements, and vayuprovides the energy needed for any kind of movements. Chakrapani opines that vatadosha is originated from [[Vayu mahabhuta|vayumahabhuta]] predominantly.[Chakrapani on Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 15/8]Althoughvatadosha is panchabhautika, vatadosha is the representative of the respective [[Pancha mahabhuta|mahabhuta]] in the human body.  

[[Dosha|Dosha]] are descendants of [[Pancha mahabhuta|panchamahabhuta]]. Vatadosha has dominance of [[Vayu mahabhuta|vayu]] and [[Akasha mahabhuta|akashamahabhuta]].<ref name="multiple9">Vagbhata. Ashtanga Samgraha. Edited by Shivprasadsharma. 3rd Ed., Varanasi: Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series Office; 2012.</ref>[A.S. Sutra Sthana20/2]Akasha provides space for movements, and vayuprovides the energy needed for any kind of movements. Chakrapani opines that vatadosha is originated from [[Vayu mahabhuta|vayumahabhuta]] predominantly.[Chakrapani on Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 15/8]Althoughvatadosha is panchabhautika, vatadosha is the representative of the respective [[Pancha mahabhuta|mahabhuta]] in the human body. </div>

<div>

<div>

[[File:Vata dosha.jpg|center|frame|Figure 01: Bhautikacomposition of vata dosha.]]

[[File:Vata dosha.jpg|center|frame|Figure 01: Bhautikacomposition of vata dosha.]]

== Sites of vata ==

== Sites of vata ==

[[Dosha|Dosha]] pervades every part of the body. [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 20/9] Acharya stated the general location of vata, [[Pitta|pitta]] and [[Kapha|kapha]] are the lower, middle, and upper portions of the body, respectively marked by the heart(hridaya) and umbilicus(nabhi).[A.S. Sutra Sthana 1/4]Vata is predominately present in body parts below umbilicus(adhonabhi). [K.S. Sutra Sthana 27/10]<ref name="multiple10">Kashyapa. Kashyapa Samhita. Edited by P. V. Tewari. Reprint. Varanasi: Chaukhambha vishvabharati;2008.</ref>The specific sites of dosha are locations where their functions are primarily observable. Thespecific seats of vata are:

[[Dosha|Dosha]] pervades every part of the body. [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 20/9] Acharya stated the general location of vata, [[Pitta|pitta]] and [[Kapha|kapha]] are the lower, middle, and upper portions of the body, respectively marked by the heart(hridaya) and umbilicus(nabhi).[A.S. Sutra Sthana 1/4]Vata is predominately present in body parts below umbilicus(adhonabhi). [K.S. Sutra Sthana 27/10]<ref name="multiple10">Kashyapa. Kashyapa Samhita. Edited by P. V. Tewari. Reprint. Varanasi: Chaukhambha vishvabharati;2008.</ref>The specific sites of dosha are locations where their functions are primarily observable. Thespecific seats of vata are:

<ul>

<ul>

<li>Bone marrow(majja)[K.S. Sutra Sthana 27/10]<ref name="multiple10" /></li>

<li>Bone marrow(majja)[K.S. Sutra Sthana 27/10]<ref name="multiple10" /></li>

</ul>  

</ul>  

Among all these sites, large intestine(pakvashaya) is the prime site of vata.[Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 20/8][A.Hr. Sutra Sthana 12/1]<ref name="multiple4" />Purishadhana included the portion of the intestine wherein purishdharakala (layer for formation and storage of stools)is located. It includesanus (guda) also. [Su.Sa. NidanaSthana 1/9]<ref name="multiple3" />[Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 21/6]<ref name="multiple3" /> Chakrapani opines that purishadhana is pakvashaya. [Chakrapani on Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 20/8]According to the Atharvaveda, vata is situated in the upper part of the head (mastishka). [Ath.V. 10/2/26]<ref name="multiple11">Atharvaveda Samhita. Edited by Shriram Sharma Acharya. Mathura: YugNirman Yojana: 2005.</ref>

Among all these sites, large intestine(pakvashaya) is the prime site of vata.[Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 20/8][A.Hr. Sutra Sthana 12/1]<ref name="multiple4" />Purishadhana included the portion of the intestine wherein purishdharakala (layer for formation and storage of stools)is located. It includesanus (guda) also. [Su.Sa. NidanaSthana 1/9]<ref name="multiple3" />[Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 21/6]<ref name="multiple3" /> Chakrapani opines that purishadhana is pakvashaya. [Chakrapani on Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 20/8]According to the Atharvaveda, vata is situated in the upper part of the head (mastishka). [Ath.V. 10/2/26]<ref name="multiple11">Atharvaveda Samhita. Edited by Shriram Sharma Acharya. Mathura: YugNirman Yojana: 2005.</ref> </div>

<div>

<div>

[[File:Vatadosha.jpg|center|frame|Figure 1. General(A) and specific sites(B) of vatadosha.]]

[[File:Vatadosha.jpg|center|frame|Figure 1. General(A) and specific sites(B) of vatadosha.]]

==Attributes ==

==Attributes ==

The characteristics of vata are:

The characteristics of vata are:

<ul>

<ul>

</ul>

</ul>

These attributes should be considered while taking diet and lifestyle managementof health. If the food and lifestyle habits having similar characteristics are followed in excess, a person may experience vatadoshavitiation leading to vata disorders.  

These attributes should be considered while taking diet and lifestyle managementof health. If the food and lifestyle habits having similar characteristics are followed in excess, a person may experience vatadoshavitiation leading to vata disorders.  

 

== Functions of vata ==

== Functions of vata ==

Vata dosha governs all bodily functions.The ability to provide other bodily entities, such as other dosha, dhatu, and mala, mobility belongs to the vatadosha in the human body.Vata is responsible for all motion, so this dosha is also known as life in living beings. [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 17/116] The principal functions of vata doshaare to sustain the body:[Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 18/49][Su.Sa. NidanaSthana 1/10]<ref name="multiple3" />[Su.Sa. ShriraSthana 7/8]<ref name="multiple3" />[Sh.Sa.Pratham Khand 5/21] <ref name="multiple6" />:

Vata dosha governs all bodily functions.The ability to provide other bodily entities, such as other dosha, dhatu, and mala, mobility belongs to the vatadosha in the human body.Vata is responsible for all motion, so this dosha is also known as life in living beings. [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 17/116] The principal functions of vata doshaare to sustain the body:[Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 18/49][Su.Sa. NidanaSthana 1/10]<ref name="multiple3" />[Su.Sa. ShriraSthana 7/8]<ref name="multiple3" />[Sh.Sa.Pratham Khand 5/21] <ref name="multiple6" />:

<ul>

<ul>

<li>Retention of waste products till evacuation(dharana)<li>

<li>Retention of waste products till evacuation(dharana)<li>

</ol>

</ol>

 

== Classification ==

== Classification ==

The classification of vataisbased on different functions and locations in human body. [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 12/8]

The classification of vataisbased on different functions and locations in human body. [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 12/8]

=== Five types ===

=== Five types ===

Prana, Udana, Samana, Vyana, and Apana are the five classifications of vatadosha. Five sets of functions by which vatadosha is divided into five types are described with  [Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 15/4]<ref name="multiple3" /> the diseasespecificity of five types of vata.[Su.Sa. NidanaSthana 1/13-19]<ref name="multiple3" />The location and function of five types of vatadosha based on different Ayurvedic texts are as given in table 1. [Cha.Sa. ChikitsaSthana28/5-11]

Prana, Udana, Samana, Vyana, and Apana are the five classifications of vatadosha. Five sets of functions by which vatadosha is divided into five types are described with  [Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 15/4]<ref name="multiple3" /> the diseasespecificity of five types of vata.[Su.Sa. NidanaSthana 1/13-19]<ref name="multiple3" />The location and function of five types of vatadosha based on different Ayurvedic texts are as given in table 1. [Cha.Sa. ChikitsaSthana28/5-11]

 

{| class="wikitable"

{| class="wikitable"

|+ Table 1: Description of five types of Vata dosha

|+ Table 1: Description of five types of Vata dosha

== Two types ==

== Two types ==

Two types of dosha are: Prakrita(inherent state) and vaikritadosha (acquired state). Prakrita dosha are observed at the time of conception and are responsible for the formation of prakriti. They are constant, and any change in them leads to death or trouble. They are responsible for the expression of individuality or phenotype of the person. Vaikritadosha are produced as the waste of food (ahara) and continuously circulate in the body of fetus. They are responsible for health, and any disturbance in their physiological limits, either excess or decline, leads to disease.Prakrita and vaikritadosha always stay in connection with one another, and collectively, they are called sharirikadosha. A person can only control the vaikritadosha through diet and lifestyle. [A.S. ShariraSthana 8/4]<ref name="multiple9" />

Two types of dosha are: Prakrita(inherent state) and vaikritadosha (acquired state). Prakrita dosha are observed at the time of conception and are responsible for the formation of prakriti. They are constant, and any change in them leads to death or trouble. They are responsible for the expression of individuality or phenotype of the person. Vaikritadosha are produced as the waste of food (ahara) and continuously circulate in the body of fetus. They are responsible for health, and any disturbance in their physiological limits, either excess or decline, leads to disease.Prakrita and vaikritadosha always stay in connection with one another, and collectively, they are called sharirikadosha. A person can only control the vaikritadosha through diet and lifestyle. [A.S. ShariraSthana 8/4]<ref name="multiple9" /> </div>

=== Vata dominantconstitution (prakriti) ===

=== Vata dominantconstitution (prakriti) ===

The characteristics of vata dominantconstitution individuals based on properties of vata dosha. [Cha.Sa. Vimana Sthana 8/99]The person having vata dosha in predominance have the following characteristics:

The characteristics of vata dominantconstitution individuals based on properties of vata dosha. [Cha.Sa. Vimana Sthana 8/99]The person having vata dosha in predominance have the following characteristics:

<ul>

<ul>

<li>Intolerance to cold</li>

<li>Intolerance to cold</li>

<li>Prominent tendons, veins and joints.</li></ul>

<li>Prominent tendons, veins and joints.</li></ul>

 

=== Lokapurusha samanya ===

=== Lokapurusha samanya ===

Vayu is responsible for all motions in the cosmos. The vayumahabhuta is represented by the vatadosha in human body. Nourishing (visarga), depleting (adana) and distributing (vikshepa) in the universe are carried by the moon, sun and wind. Similarly, human body haskapha, pitta, and vata performing the same functions, respectively. [Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 29/6]<ref name="multiple3" />

Vayu is responsible for all motions in the cosmos. The vayumahabhuta is represented by the vatadosha in human body. Nourishing (visarga), depleting (adana) and distributing (vikshepa) in the universe are carried by the moon, sun and wind. Similarly, human body haskapha, pitta, and vata performing the same functions, respectively. [Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 29/6]<ref name="multiple3" /> </div>

== Factors responsible for abnormal states of vata ==

== Factors responsible for abnormal states of vata ==

Certain factors cause excess or decline of vata in the human body. These factors are natural or unavoidable and artificial or avoidable.

Certain factors cause excess or decline of vata in the human body. These factors are natural or unavoidable and artificial or avoidable.

<ul>

<ul>

<li>'''Diet(dravya) and particular properties of diet:''' Ayurveda defined three tastes (rasa) that can lead to vitiation of vatadosha. These three rasa are bitter(tikta), pungent(katu) and astringent(kashaya).These three rasa, when taken in excess, cause vata vitiation(prakopa).</li>   

<li>'''Diet(dravya) and particular properties of diet:''' Ayurveda defined three tastes (rasa) that can lead to vitiation of vatadosha. These three rasa are bitter(tikta), pungent(katu) and astringent(kashaya).These three rasa, when taken in excess, cause vata vitiation(prakopa).</li>   

<li>'''Lifestyle or activities:''' Suppression of natural urges(vegavidharana), night awakening(ratrijagrana), loud speech(ucchabhashana), overworking or excessive shodhana(kriya atiyoga), overthinking(chinta), excessive exercise(vyayama), excessive sexual indulgence(atimaithuna), excessive studies(atiadhyanana), swimming(plavana), and lifting of weight(bharaharana) etc.</li>

<li>'''Lifestyle or activities:''' Suppression of natural urges(vegavidharana), night awakening(ratrijagrana), loud speech(ucchabhashana), overworking or excessive shodhana(kriya atiyoga), overthinking(chinta), excessive exercise(vyayama), excessive sexual indulgence(atimaithuna), excessive studies(atiadhyanana), swimming(plavana), and lifting of weight(bharaharana) etc.</li> </div>

== Clinical aspects ==

== Clinical aspects ==

'''Preventive aspect:''' Person having prakriti vatadosha as body constitution should avoid diet and lifestyle which vitiates vata dosha.To prevent the vata dominant diseases, diet and lifestyle opposite to attributes of vata are advised.[A.Hr. ShariraSthana3/85-89]<ref name="multiple4" />

'''Preventive aspect:''' Person having prakriti vatadosha as body constitution should avoid diet and lifestyle which vitiates vata dosha.To prevent the vata dominant diseases, diet and lifestyle opposite to attributes of vata are advised.[A.Hr. ShariraSthana3/85-89]<ref name="multiple4" />

<li>Excess salivation(praseka)</li>

<li>Excess salivation(praseka)</li>

<li>Loss of appetite(aruchi)</li>

<li>Loss of appetite(aruchi)</li>

<li>Nausea(rhallasa)</li></ul>

<li>Nausea(rhallasa)</li></ul> </div>

== Diagnosis ==

== Diagnosis ==

The state of vata dosha can be diagnosed and assessed based on clinical features. The most presented clinical features of vata dosha are pain(shula), numbness(suptata), dryness(rukshta) rigidity(stambhana), wasting (shosha)and harshness(parusha).[Cha.Sa. SutraSthana20/12]

The state of vata dosha can be diagnosed and assessed based on clinical features. The most presented clinical features of vata dosha are pain(shula), numbness(suptata), dryness(rukshta) rigidity(stambhana), wasting (shosha)and harshness(parusha).[Cha.Sa. SutraSthana20/12]

Eighty types of diseases due to an imbalance of vatadosha(vatajananatmajavyadhi) are listed.[Cha.Sa. SutraSthana20/11][table 02]:

Eighty types of diseases due to an imbalance of vatadosha(vatajananatmajavyadhi) are listed.[Cha.Sa. SutraSthana20/11][table 02]: </div>

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto"

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto"

|+ Table 2: Diseases due to vata dosha  

|+ Table 2: Diseases due to vata dosha  

== Treatment ==

== Treatment ==

Disturbance, either excess or decline, leads to disease. To manage and or prevent disease, the clinician must follow the theory of similarity and dissimilarity (samanya- visheshasiddhanta) based on rasa and food, which decline vata (shamaka) and aggaravatevata(prakopa).Controlling the increase of the vatadosha requires avoiding foods and ways of living that increase it,  while indulging in foods that reduce it (vatashamaka).Contrarily, the decline of vatais treated by consuming foods and leading lifestyles that stimulate it, rather than suppressing it.  

Disturbance, either excess or decline, leads to disease. To manage and or prevent disease, the clinician must follow the theory of similarity and dissimilarity (samanya- visheshasiddhanta) based on rasa and food, which decline vata (shamaka) and aggaravatevata(prakopa).Controlling the increase of the vatadosha requires avoiding foods and ways of living that increase it,  while indulging in foods that reduce it (vatashamaka).Contrarily, the decline of vatais treated by consuming foods and leading lifestyles that stimulate it, rather than suppressing it.  

Three tastes (rasa) that helps in controlling the vitiated vata are – sweet(madhura), sour(amla) and salty(lavana).[Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana1/66]Medicated enema (basti) is the best interventionindicated for vitiated vata.[Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana20/13] Oil is best therapeutic drug for the treatment of vata. [Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 25/40]

Three tastes (rasa) that helps in controlling the vitiated vata are – sweet(madhura), sour(amla) and salty(lavana).[Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana1/66]Medicated enema (basti) is the best interventionindicated for vitiated vata.[Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana20/13] Oil is best therapeutic drug for the treatment of vata. [Cha. Sa. Sutra Sthana 25/40]

The herbs having sweet, sour, salty, unctuous and hot qualities used in single or combination along with therapies like oleation, fomentation, asthapana and anuvasana types of enema, inhalation, diet, massage, hot shower etc are helpful in the treatment of vatika disorders.[Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana20/13]

The herbs having sweet, sour, salty, unctuous and hot qualities used in single or combination along with therapies like oleation, fomentation, asthapana and anuvasana types of enema, inhalation, diet, massage, hot shower etc are helpful in the treatment of vatika disorders.[Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana20/13] </div>

=== Diagnostic and assessment tools ===

=== Diagnostic and assessment tools ===

Vatadosha can be assessed by its functionality either normal orabnormalthrough subjective methods like questionnairesand objective methods. There are some objectives methods which may be used to assess the functions of vata. Currently, there are no validated and standardized tools for dosha assessment within the body. Vatavriddhi and kshaya features will be assessed through a subjective questionnaire Ayurvedic physicians assess the normalcy and abnormality through the ayurvedic principles of examination (pariksha).  

Vatadosha can be assessed by its functionality either normal orabnormalthrough subjective methods like questionnairesand objective methods. There are some objectives methods which may be used to assess the functions of vata. Currently, there are no validated and standardized tools for dosha assessment within the body. Vatavriddhi and kshaya features will be assessed through a subjective questionnaire Ayurvedic physicians assess the normalcy and abnormality through the ayurvedic principles of examination (pariksha).  

Some of the objective methods which may be used to assess the normalfunctioning of vata are:

Some of the objective methods which may be used to assess the normalfunctioning of vata are:

<li>Assessment of autonomic function test<ref name="multiple18">Cheshire WP, Freeman R, Gibbons CH, Cortelli P, Wenning GK, Hilz MJ, Spies JM, Lipp A, Sandroni P, Wada N, Mano A, Ah Kim H, Kimpinski K, Iodice V, Idiáquez J, Thaisetthawatkul P, Coon EA, Low PA, Singer W. Electrodiagnostic assessment of the autonomic nervous system: A consensus statement endorsed by the American Autonomic Society, American Academy of Neurology, and the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Clin Neurophysiol. 2021 Feb;132(2):666-682.</ref></li>

<li>Assessment of autonomic function test<ref name="multiple18">Cheshire WP, Freeman R, Gibbons CH, Cortelli P, Wenning GK, Hilz MJ, Spies JM, Lipp A, Sandroni P, Wada N, Mano A, Ah Kim H, Kimpinski K, Iodice V, Idiáquez J, Thaisetthawatkul P, Coon EA, Low PA, Singer W. Electrodiagnostic assessment of the autonomic nervous system: A consensus statement endorsed by the American Autonomic Society, American Academy of Neurology, and the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Clin Neurophysiol. 2021 Feb;132(2):666-682.</ref></li>

<li>Nerve conduction velocity test<ref name="multiple19">Akiguchi I. [Nerve function test--sensory nerve conduction velocity (author's transl)]. RinshoByori. 1978 Nov;26(11):909-15.</ref></li></ul>

<li>Nerve conduction velocity test<ref name="multiple19">Akiguchi I. [Nerve function test--sensory nerve conduction velocity (author's transl)]. RinshoByori. 1978 Nov;26(11):909-15.</ref></li></ul>

Application of all such tests will serve as a powerful analytical tool for assessingvatadosha.

Application of all such tests will serve as a powerful analytical tool for assessingvatadosha. </div>

== Future area of research ==

== Future area of research ==

The critical area of research isthe preparation of a validated and standardization of questionnaires for vatakshaya, vatavriddhi, and normal functioning of vata to assess the state of vata. Guna based assessment of vata and incorporation of objectivity in assessment of vata through biological, immunological parameters is needed. Evaluation of sensory and motor function and hormonal function of the body and its correlation with functioning of various types of vata andmultiple stages of vata. Role of nutritional and lifestyle modification in the maintenance of vata. Assessment of vata state in various physiological changes like the deep sea, high altitude, space physiology, and during sleep.   

The critical area of research isthe preparation of a validated and standardization of questionnaires for vatakshaya, vatavriddhi, and normal functioning of vata to assess the state of vata. Guna based assessment of vata and incorporation of objectivity in assessment of vata through biological, immunological parameters is needed. Evaluation of sensory and motor function and hormonal function of the body and its correlation with functioning of various types of vata andmultiple stages of vata. Role of nutritional and lifestyle modification in the maintenance of vata. Assessment of vata state in various physiological changes like the deep sea, high altitude, space physiology, and during sleep.  </div>

=== Thesis  done ===

=== Thesis  done ===

<ol>

<ol>

   <li>Vaje R.P. (1986): Vatadoshavichara( a comparative study with nervous system), Tilak AyurvedMahavidyalaya, Savitribai Phule, Pune university. This study tried to correlate various parts of nervous system of vata types.</li>

   <li>Vaje R.P. (1986): Vatadoshavichara( a comparative study with nervous system), Tilak AyurvedMahavidyalaya, Savitribai Phule, Pune university. This study tried to correlate various parts of nervous system of vata types.</li>

<li>MankarA.S.(2010): Study of vatasthana with the help of bastiw.s.r. to janusandhigatavata (osteoarthritis of knee joint), Dept. of sharirarachana, Tilak Maharashtra University. This experimental study revalidated the statement of acharya Charakin context of prime sthana of vata.</li>

<li>MankarA.S.(2010): Study of vatasthana with the help of bastiw.s.r. to janusandhigatavata (osteoarthritis of knee joint), Dept. of sharirarachana, Tilak Maharashtra University. This experimental study revalidated the statement of acharya Charakin context of prime sthana of vata.</li>

<li>GuraoR.P.(2016): Development of assessment criteria of laghuguna of vata and its applied aspect in sthaulya w s r to vidangadichurna, Dept. of Kriya Sharir, DSRRAU, Rajasthan.</li>

<li>GuraoR.P.(2016): Development of assessment criteria of laghuguna of vata and its applied aspect in sthaulya w s r to vidangadichurna, Dept. of Kriya Sharir, DSRRAU, Rajasthan.</li>

</ol>

</ol> </div>

=== Current researches ===

=== Current researches ===

 

'''Significance of arterial stiffness in Tridosha analysis: ''' <br/>

'''Significance of arterial stiffness in Tridosha analysis: ''' <br/>

The study assessed the large changes in arterial stiffness among Tridosha locales and quantified arterial stiffness using NadiTarangini, a pulse acquisition method. Significant differences were found between Tridosha locations, which can be applied to Ayurvedic interventional studies.<ref name="multiple20">Kumar PV, Deshpande S, Joshi A, More P, Nagendra HR. Significance of arterial stiffness in Tridosha analysis: A pilot study. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine. 2017 Oct 1;8(4):252-6.</ref>

The study assessed the large changes in arterial stiffness among Tridosha locales and quantified arterial stiffness using NadiTarangini, a pulse acquisition method. Significant differences were found between Tridosha locations, which can be applied to Ayurvedic interventional studies.<ref name="multiple20">Kumar PV, Deshpande S, Joshi A, More P, Nagendra HR. Significance of arterial stiffness in Tridosha analysis: A pilot study. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine. 2017 Oct 1;8(4):252-6.</ref>

'''Vata dynamics and cardiac disorders: ''' <br/>

'''Vata dynamics and cardiac disorders: ''' <br/>

Vata has the distinctive quality of Vega (movements), which moves in a specific direction, so its intensities can be measured with the use of contemporary methods. This review discusses specifics of these natural urges that cause cardiovascular disorders(CVD) alone, as found in traditional Ayurvedic books, western medications, and technology that measures their intensity. Assessment of vata dynamics with modern technological tools help in prevention and management of CVD.<ref name="multiple23">Baikampady SV. Vata dynamics with special reference to cardiac disorders–a cross-disciplinary approach. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine. 2020 Oct 1;11(4):432-9.</ref>

Vata has the distinctive quality of Vega (movements), which moves in a specific direction, so its intensities can be measured with the use of contemporary methods. This review discusses specifics of these natural urges that cause cardiovascular disorders(CVD) alone, as found in traditional Ayurvedic books, western medications, and technology that measures their intensity. Assessment of vata dynamics with modern technological tools help in prevention and management of CVD.<ref name="multiple23">Baikampady SV. Vata dynamics with special reference to cardiac disorders–a cross-disciplinary approach. Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine. 2020 Oct 1;11(4):432-9.</ref> </div>

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