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=== Location of ''gulma'' ===

=== Location of ''gulma'' ===

With respect to the ''adhishthana'' (location) of ''gulma'', five major sites have been mentioned [Cha.Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/8], including the ''hridaya, nabhi, basti,'' and ''parshwadwaya'' (flanks). In the context of this chapter, ''hridaya'' should be taken as the upper part of the abdominal cavity rather than the thoracic cage as described in [[Sharira Sthana]]. ''Vata gulma'' most commonly occurs in ''basti'', while ''pittagulma'' occurs most commonly in the ''nabhi'' region, and ''kaphagulma'' in the ''hridaya'' and ''parshwadwaya'' regions.<ref>Vagbhata. Sutra Sthana, Cha.11 Vidradivriddhigulmanidana verse 41. In: Harishastri Paradkar Vaidya, Editors. Ashtanga Hridayam. 1st ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy;2000. </ref> The ''yakrita gulma'' occurs in the region of ''hridaya, ashtheela gulma'' in the region of ''kukshi'' (hypogastrium), ''pleeha gulma'' in the ''madhya'' (central) region, ''chandravivardhaka gulma'' in the region of ''basti'' , and ''granthi gulma'' afflicts the region of ''nabhi''.<ref> Harita, Harita samhita Gulma nidana</ref>  

With respect to the ''adhishthana'' (location) of ''gulma'', five major sites have been mentioned [Cha.Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/8], including the ''hridaya, nabhi, basti,'' and ''parshwadwaya'' (flanks). In the context of this chapter, ''hridaya'' should be taken as the upper part of the abdominal cavity rather than the thoracic cage as described in [[Sharira Sthana]]. ''Vata gulma'' most commonly occurs in ''basti'', while ''pittagulma'' occurs most commonly in the ''nabhi'' region, and ''kaphagulma'' in the ''hridaya'' and ''parshwadwaya'' regions.<ref>Vagbhata. Sutra Sthana, Cha.11 Vidradivriddhigulmanidana verse 41. In: Harishastri Paradkar Vaidya, Editors. Ashtanga Hridayam. 1st ed. Varanasi: Krishnadas Academy;2000. </ref> The ''yakrita gulma'' occurs in the region of ''hridaya, ashtheela gulma'' in the region of ''kukshi'' (hypogastrium), ''pleeha gulma'' in the ''madhya'' (central) region, ''chandravivardhaka gulma'' in the region of ''basti'' , and ''granthi gulma'' afflicts the region of ''nabhi''.<ref>Harita, Harita Samhita. Tritiya Sthana, Chap 4, Gulma Chikista, Verse 2-4, In: Harihariprasad Tripati, Editor. Harita Samhita. 2nd ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Krishnadas Academy; 2009</ref>  

The pathogenesis of ''pittaja'' and ''kaphaja gulma'' takes place in ''amashaya'' that lies in the region between ''hridaya'' and ''basti'' [Chakrapani on Cha.Sa.[[Nidana Sthana]] 03]. Thus these two variants of ''gulma'' (i.e., ''pittaja'' and ''kaphaja'') cannot occur in ''basti''. The five sites of ''gulma'' can be mapped to the following anatomical sites of the abdomen:

The pathogenesis of ''pittaja'' and ''kaphaja gulma'' takes place in ''amashaya'' that lies in the region between ''hridaya'' and ''basti'' [Chakrapani on Cha.Sa.[[Nidana Sthana]] 03]. Thus these two variants of ''gulma'' (i.e., ''pittaja'' and ''kaphaja'') cannot occur in ''basti''. The five sites of ''gulma'' can be mapped to the following anatomical sites of the abdomen: