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→Formation and metabolism of mamsa dhatu
==Formation and metabolism of mamsa dhatu==
==Formation and metabolism of mamsa dhatu==
The ''mamsa dhatu'' is formed from [[rakta dhatu]]. The nourishing portion of [[rakta dhatu]] and constituents of ''ahara rasa'' are transformed into ''mamsa dhatu'' by action of ''mamsa dhatvagni'' (metabolic factors of mamsa),[[ vayu]], [[jala]] and [[tejas mahabhuta]]. [Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 15/29]
The ''mamsa dhatu'' is formed from [[rakta dhatu]]. The nourishing portion of [[rakta dhatu]] and constituents of ''ahara rasa'' are transformed into ''mamsa dhatu'' by action of ''mamsa dhatvagni'' (metabolic factors of mamsa),[[ vayu]], [[jala]] and [[tejas mahabhuta]]. [Cha. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/29]
It gets solid fleshy bulk due to [[prithvi mahabhuta]]. During embryogenesis, [[asthi]] and [[mamsa dhatu]] of embryo are developed from [[shukra]]. This ''mamsa dhatu'' is differentiated later into ''snayu'' (ligaments) during fetal development. [ Kas. Sam. Sharira Sthana 2/2]
It gets solid fleshy bulk due to [[prithvi mahabhuta]]. During embryogenesis, [[asthi]] and [[mamsa dhatu]] of embryo are developed from [[shukra]]. This ''mamsa dhatu'' is differentiated later into ''snayu'' (ligaments) during fetal development. [ Kas. Sam. Sharira Sthana 2/2]
The formation of ''mamsa dhatu'' is enhanced by anabolism in the fifth month of gestation.[Cha. Sa. Sharira Sthana 4/21]
The formation of ''mamsa dhatu'' is enhanced by anabolism in the fifth month of gestation.[Cha. Sa. [[Sharira Sthana]] 4/21]
'''Formation of layer during embryogenesis:'''
'''Formation of layer during embryogenesis:'''
Seven layers of skin are formed during embryogenesis. ''Mamsadhara'' is the seventh and innermost layer. It is estimated to have thickness of 1 to 3 mm or two ''vrihi''(grains of paddy). [One vrihi = 0.5 to 1.5 mm]
Seven layers of skin are formed during embryogenesis. ''Mamsadhara'' is the seventh and innermost layer. It is estimated to have thickness of 1 to 3 mm or two ''vrihi''(grains of paddy). [One vrihi = 0.5 to 1.5 mm]
This layer can be observed as deeper reticular layer of dermis.<ref>Kuldeep KumarA Critical Study Of Tvak In The View Of Modern Science Ayurpub.com Mar-Apr 2018 Vol III, Issue 2 available from http://ayurpub.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/844-849.pdf</ref>
This layer can be observed as a deeper reticular layer of dermis.<ref>Kuldeep KumarA Critical Study Of Tvak In The View Of Modern Science Ayurpub.com Mar-Apr 2018 Vol III, Issue 2 available from http://ayurpub.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/844-849.pdf</ref>
This layer is affected in diseases like ''bhagandara''(fistula), ''vidradhi''(abscess) and ''arsha''(hemorrhoids). [Su. Sam. Sharira Sthana 4/8]
This layer is affected in diseases like ''bhagandara''(fistula), ''vidradhi''(abscess) and ''arsha''(hemorrhoids). [Su. Sam. Sharira Sthana 4/8]
'''Upadhatu and mala (metabolic byproducts and waste products):
'''Upadhatu and mala (metabolic byproducts and waste products):
'''
'''
During the process of metabolism and formation of ''mamsa dhatu'', ''vasa'' (muscle fat) and six layers of ''tvacha'' (skin)are formed as the ''upadhatu''(metabolic byproducts). [Cha. Sa. Chikitsa Sthana 15/17]
During the process of metabolism and formation of ''mamsa dhatu'', ''vasa'' (muscle fat) and six layers of ''tvacha'' (skin)are formed as the ''upadhatu''(metabolic byproducts). [Cha. Sa. [[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/17]
Sharangadhara considered ''vasa'' as the ''upadhatu'' of ''mamsa dhatu''.[Sharangadhara Sa. Purva khanda chapter 5]
Sharangadhara considered ''vasa'' as the ''upadhatu'' of ''mamsa dhatu''.[Sharangadhara Sa. Purva khanda chapter 5]
Various secretions accumulated as wastes in external openings of ear and nostrils are waste products of metabolism of ''mamsa dhatu''. [Cha.Sa. Sutra Sthana 15/18]
Various secretions accumulated as wastes in external openings of ear and nostrils are waste products of metabolism of ''mamsa dhatu''. [Cha.Sa. [[Sutra Sthana]] 15/18]
'''Quantity of mamsa dhatu:'''The quantity of ''vasa'' (unctuous part of muscles or muscle fat) is three ''anjali''. [Cha.Sa. Sharira Sthana 7/15]. The structural component of ''mamsa dhatu'' is responsible for compactness of body and covers the skeleton properly with musclesand ligaments. There are 900 ''snayu'' (ligaments) and 400 ''peshi'' (muscles). [Cha.Sa.Sharira Sthana 7/14] Sushruta added 100 more ''peshi'' and thus enumerated them as 500 in male body and 520 in female body.[Su.Sa. Sha.5/37-39]
'''Quantity of mamsa dhatu:'''The quantity of ''vasa'' (unctuous part of muscles or muscle fat) is three ''anjali''. [Cha.Sa. [[Sharira Sthana]] 7/15]. The structural component of ''mamsa dhatu'' is responsible for compactness of the body and covers the skeleton properly with musclesand ligaments. There are 900 ''snayu'' (ligaments) and 400 ''peshi'' (muscles). [Cha.Sa.Sharira Sthana 7/14] Sushruta added 100 more ''peshi'' and thus enumerated them as 500 in male body and 520 in female body.[Su.Sa. Sha.5/37-39]
'''Time span:'''
'''Time span:'''
'''Characteristics of mamsa sara (best quality of muscular tissue):
'''Characteristics of mamsa sara (best quality of muscular tissue):
'''
'''
The persons having essence of ''mamsa'' have their temples (''shankha''), forehead (''lalata''), nape (''krikatika''), eyes (''akshi''), cheek (''ganda''), jaws (''hanu''), neck (''griva''), shoulder (''skandha''), abdomen (''udara''), axillae (''kaksha''), chest (''vaksha''), hands (''pani''), feet (''pada'')and joints (''sandhi'') well developed with firm, heavy and good looking muscles. This essence indicates forbearance, restraint, and lack of greed, wealth, knowledge, happiness, simplicity, health, strength and longevity.[Cha.Sa. Vimana Sthana 8/105]
The persons having essence of ''mamsa'' have their temples (''shankha''), forehead (''lalata''), nape (''krikatika''), eyes (''akshi''), cheek (''ganda''), jaws (''hanu''), neck (''griva''), shoulder (''skandha''), abdomen (''udara''), axillae (''kaksha''), chest (''vaksha''), hands (''pani''), feet (''pada'')and joints (''sandhi'') well developed with firm, heavy and good looking muscles. This essence indicates forbearance, restraint, and lack of greed, wealth, knowledge, happiness, simplicity, health, strength and longevity.[Cha.Sa. [[Vimana Sthana]] 8/105]
==Existence of ''Mamsa dhatu'' in body: ==
==Existence of ''Mamsa dhatu'' in body: ==