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{{#seo:
|title=Visha Chikitsa
|titlemode=append
|keywords=Agada, visha, toxins, poisons, dushi visha, slow poisons, snake bite, snake venoms, mosquito bite, antidotes, shanka visha (pseudo poison), gara visha (slow poisons)
|description=Chikitsa Sthana Chapter 23. Management of Visha (various types of poisoning)
}}
<big>'''[[Chikitsa Sthana]] Chapter 23. Management of Visha (various types of poisoning) </big>'''
<big>'''[[Chikitsa Sthana]] Chapter 23. Management of Visha (various types of poisoning) </big>'''
=== Sanskrit Text, Transliteration and English Translation ===
=== Sanskrit Text, Transliteration and English Translation ===
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
अथातो विषचिकित्सितं व्याख्यास्यामः ||१||
अथातो विषचिकित्सितं व्याख्यास्यामः ||१||
विषस्य ब्रुवतः सम्यगग्निवेश निबोध मे ||३||
विषस्य ब्रुवतः सम्यगग्निवेश निबोध मे ||३||
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athātō viṣacikitsitaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1||
athātō viṣacikitsitaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1||
viShasya bruvataH samyagagnivesha nibodha me ||3||
viShasya bruvataH samyagagnivesha nibodha me ||3||
</div></div>
Now we shall expound the chapter on management of ''visha'' (poisoning). Thus said Lord Atreya.
Now we shall expound the chapter on management of ''visha'' (poisoning). Thus said Lord Atreya.
==== History of origin of ''visha'' ====
==== History of origin of ''visha'' ====
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अमृतार्थं समुद्रे तु मथ्यमाने सुरासुरैः |
अमृतार्थं समुद्रे तु मथ्यमाने सुरासुरैः |
जगद्विषण्णं तं दृष्ट्वा तेनासौ विषसञ्ज्ञितः ||५||
जगद्विषण्णं तं दृष्ट्वा तेनासौ विषसञ्ज्ञितः ||५||
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amr̥tārthaṁ samudrē tu mathyamānē surāsuraiḥ|
amr̥tārthaṁ samudrē tu mathyamānē surāsuraiḥ|
jagadviShaNNaM taM dRuShTvA tenAsau viShasa~jj~jitaH ||5||
jagadviShaNNaM taM dRuShTvA tenAsau viShasa~jj~jitaH ||5||
</div></div>
While the ocean was being churned by ''devas'' and ''asuras'' for obtaining ''amrita'' (nectar of life), before the formation of ''amrita'' a ferocious looking person with fiery eyes, four fangs and greenish locks emerged. After seeing him the whole world became desperate and from that desperation, ''visha'' originated. [4-5]
While the ocean was being churned by ''devas'' and ''asuras'' for obtaining ''amrita'' (nectar of life), before the formation of ''amrita'' a ferocious looking person with fiery eyes, four fangs and greenish locks emerged. After seeing him the whole world became desperate and from that desperation, ''visha'' originated. [4-5]
==== Sources of poison ====
==== Sources of poison ====
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जङ्गमस्थावरायां तद्योनौ ब्रह्मा न्ययोजयत् |
जङ्गमस्थावरायां तद्योनौ ब्रह्मा न्ययोजयत् |
अष्टवेगं दशगुणं चतुर्विंशत्युपक्रमम् |७|
अष्टवेगं दशगुणं चतुर्विंशत्युपक्रमम् |७|
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jaṅgamasthāvarāyāṁ tadyōnau brahmā nyayōjayat|
jaṅgamasthāvarāyāṁ tadyōnau brahmā nyayōjayat|
aShTavegaM dashaguNaM caturviMshatyupakramam |7|
aShTavegaM dashaguNaM caturviMshatyupakramam |7|
</div></div>
Lord Brahma deposited these ''visha'' in ''jangama''(animal origin) and ''sthavara'' (earthen and plant origin) categories. Hence in general ''visha'', originated from water; it is (hot) like fire and is of two types. Its action is manifested in 8 stages; it has 10 properties and can be treated with 24 therapeutic measures.[6-7]
Lord Brahma deposited these ''visha'' in ''jangama''(animal origin) and ''sthavara'' (earthen and plant origin) categories. Hence in general ''visha'', originated from water; it is (hot) like fire and is of two types. Its action is manifested in 8 stages; it has 10 properties and can be treated with 24 therapeutic measures.[6-7]
==== Aggravation and pacification of potency ====
==== Aggravation and pacification of potency ====
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तद्वर्षास्वम्बुयोनित्वात् सङ्क्लेदं गुडवद्गतम् ||७||
तद्वर्षास्वम्बुयोनित्वात् सङ्क्लेदं गुडवद्गतम् ||७||
प्रयाति मन्दवीर्यत्वं विषं तस्माद्धनात्यये ||८|
प्रयाति मन्दवीर्यत्वं विषं तस्माद्धनात्यये ||८|
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tadvarṣāsvambuyōnitvāt saṅklēdaṁ guḍavadgatam||7||
tadvarṣāsvambuyōnitvāt saṅklēdaṁ guḍavadgatam||7||
prayAti mandavIryatvaM viShaM tasmAddhanAtyaye ||8||
prayAti mandavIryatvaM viShaM tasmAddhanAtyaye ||8||
</div></div>
During rainy season, due to its origin from water, when it comes in contact; it becomes moist similar to ''gud'' (jaggery) due to its ''kleda guna'' and after that it spreads. However the star Agastya at the end of rainy season, counteracts the effects of ''visha'' thereby getting milder in potency.[7-8]
During rainy season, due to its origin from water, when it comes in contact; it becomes moist similar to ''gud'' (jaggery) due to its ''kleda guna'' and after that it spreads. However the star Agastya at the end of rainy season, counteracts the effects of ''visha'' thereby getting milder in potency.[7-8]
==== Animal origin ====
==== Animal origin ====
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सर्पाः कीटोन्दुरा लूता वृश्चिका गृहगोधिकाः |
सर्पाः कीटोन्दुरा लूता वृश्चिका गृहगोधिकाः |
दंष्ट्रिणो ये विषं तेषां दंष्ट्रोत्थं जङ्गमं मतम् ||१०||
दंष्ट्रिणो ये विषं तेषां दंष्ट्रोत्थं जङ्गमं मतम् ||१०||
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sarpāḥ kīṭōndurā lūtā vr̥ścikā gr̥hagōdhikāḥ|
sarpāḥ kīṭōndurā lūtā vr̥ścikā gr̥hagōdhikāḥ|
daMShTriNo ye viShaM teShAM daMShTrotthaM ja~ggamaM matam ||10||
daMShTriNo ye viShaM teShAM daMShTrotthaM ja~ggamaM matam ||10||
</div></div>
''Sarpa'' (snakes), ''kita'' (insects), ''loota'' (spiders), ''vrishchika'' (scorpions), ''griha godhika'' (house lizards), ''jalauka'' (leeches), ''matsya'' (fish), ''manduka'' (frogs), ''kanabha'' or ''salabha'' (locusts), ''krkantaka'' (chameleon), ''shwa'' (dogs), ''simha'' (lion), ''vyaghra'' (tiger), ''gomayu'' (jackal), ''taraksu'' (hyena), ''nakula'' (mongoose), etc., are the fanged animals through whose fangs the poison is transmitted. The poisons of these creatures constitute animal poisons (poisons of mobile origin).[9-10]
''Sarpa'' (snakes), ''kita'' (insects), ''loota'' (spiders), ''vrishchika'' (scorpions), ''griha godhika'' (house lizards), ''jalauka'' (leeches), ''matsya'' (fish), ''manduka'' (frogs), ''kanabha'' or ''salabha'' (locusts), ''krkantaka'' (chameleon), ''shwa'' (dogs), ''simha'' (lion), ''vyaghra'' (tiger), ''gomayu'' (jackal), ''taraksu'' (hyena), ''nakula'' (mongoose), etc., are the fanged animals through whose fangs the poison is transmitted. The poisons of these creatures constitute animal poisons (poisons of mobile origin).[9-10]
==== Earthen and plant origin ====
==== Earthen and plant origin ====
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मुस्तकं पौष्करं क्रौञ्चं वत्सनाभं बलाहकम् |
मुस्तकं पौष्करं क्रौञ्चं वत्सनाभं बलाहकम् |
एवमादीनि चान्यानि मूलजानि स्थिराणि च ||१३||
एवमादीनि चान्यानि मूलजानि स्थिराणि च ||१३||
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mustakaṁ pauṣkaraṁ krauñcaṁ vatsanābhaṁ balāhakam|
mustakaṁ pauṣkaraṁ krauñcaṁ vatsanābhaṁ balāhakam|
evamAdIni cAnyAni mUlajAni sthirANi ca ||13||
evamAdIni cAnyAni mUlajAni sthirANi ca ||13||
</div></div>
The poisons of the immobile (earthen and plant) origin are: the roots (including rhizomes) of ''mustaka, puskara, kraunca, vatsanabha'' (Aconitum ferox), ''balahaka, karkata, kalakuta, karavira'' (Nerium indicum / Cerbera thevetia), ''palaka, indrayudha taila, meghaka, kusa-puspaka, rohisa, pundarika, langalaki'' (Gloriosa superb), ''anjanabhaka, sankoca, markata, sringi-visa, halahala,'' and such other poisonous roots.[11-13]
The poisons of the immobile (earthen and plant) origin are: the roots (including rhizomes) of ''mustaka, puskara, kraunca, vatsanabha'' (Aconitum ferox), ''balahaka, karkata, kalakuta, karavira'' (Nerium indicum / Cerbera thevetia), ''palaka, indrayudha taila, meghaka, kusa-puspaka, rohisa, pundarika, langalaki'' (Gloriosa superb), ''anjanabhaka, sankoca, markata, sringi-visa, halahala,'' and such other poisonous roots.[11-13]
==== ''Gara visha'' ( artificial poison) ====
==== ''Gara visha'' ( artificial poison) ====
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गरसंयोगजं चान्यद्गरसञ्ज्ञं गदप्रदम् |
गरसंयोगजं चान्यद्गरसञ्ज्ञं गदप्रदम् |
कालान्तरविपाकित्वान्न तदाशु हरत्यसून् ||१४||
कालान्तरविपाकित्वान्न तदाशु हरत्यसून् ||१४||
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garasaṁyōgajaṁ [1] cānyadgarasañjñaṁ gadapradam|
garasaṁyōgajaṁ [1] cānyadgarasañjñaṁ gadapradam|
kAlAntaravipAkitvAnna tadAshu haratyasUn ||14||
kAlAntaravipAkitvAnna tadAshu haratyasUn ||14||
</div></div>
There is another variety of poison called ''gara-visha'' which is prepared artificially by the combination of various substances. It produces various diseases. Since it takes time to get metabolized and to produce its toxic effects, it does not cause instantaneous death of a person.[14]
There is another variety of poison called ''gara-visha'' which is prepared artificially by the combination of various substances. It produces various diseases. Since it takes time to get metabolized and to produce its toxic effects, it does not cause instantaneous death of a person.[14]
==== Clinical features of poisoning ====
==== Clinical features of poisoning ====
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निद्रां तन्द्रां क्लमं दाहं सपाकं लोमहर्षणम् |
निद्रां तन्द्रां क्लमं दाहं सपाकं लोमहर्षणम् |
तस्माद्दंष्ट्राविषं मौलं हन्ति मौलं च दंष्ट्रजम् ||१७||
तस्माद्दंष्ट्राविषं मौलं हन्ति मौलं च दंष्ट्रजम् ||१७||
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nidrāṁ tandrāṁ klamaṁ dāhaṁ sapākaṁ [1] lōmaharṣaṇam|
nidrāṁ tandrāṁ klamaṁ dāhaṁ sapākaṁ [1] lōmaharṣaṇam|
tasmAddaMShTrAviShaM maulaM hanti maulaM ca daMShTrajam ||17||
tasmAddaMShTrAviShaM maulaM hanti maulaM ca daMShTrajam ||17||
</div></div>
''Jangama-visha'' (poison of mobile origin or animal poison) produces ''nidra'' (excessive sleep), ''tandra'' (drowsiness), ''klama'' (mental fatigue), ''daha'' (burning sensation), ''sapakam'' (suppuration), ''lomaharshanam'' (excessive horripilation), ''shopha'' (inflammation), ''atisaram'' (diarrhoea).
''Jangama-visha'' (poison of mobile origin or animal poison) produces ''nidra'' (excessive sleep), ''tandra'' (drowsiness), ''klama'' (mental fatigue), ''daha'' (burning sensation), ''sapakam'' (suppuration), ''lomaharshanam'' (excessive horripilation), ''shopha'' (inflammation), ''atisaram'' (diarrhoea).
==== Stage wise clinical features in humans ====
==== Stage wise clinical features in humans ====
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तृण्मोहदन्तहर्षप्रसेकवमथक्लमा भवन्त्याद्ये |
तृण्मोहदन्तहर्षप्रसेकवमथक्लमा भवन्त्याद्ये |
षष्ठे हिक्का, भङ्गः स्कन्धस्य तु सप्तमेऽष्टमे मरणम् | नॄणां,
षष्ठे हिक्का, भङ्गः स्कन्धस्य तु सप्तमेऽष्टमे मरणम् | नॄणां,
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tr̥ṇmōhadantaharṣaprasēkavamathaklamā bhavantyādyē|
tr̥ṇmōhadantaharṣaprasēkavamathaklamā bhavantyādyē|
ShaShThe hikkA, bha~ggaH skandhasya tu saptame~aShTame maraNam | nRUNAM,
ShaShThe hikkA, bha~ggaH skandhasya tu saptame~aShTame maraNam | nRUNAM,
</div></div>
In human beings, the effects of poisons are manifested in eight different stages as follows:
In human beings, the effects of poisons are manifested in eight different stages as follows:
==== Stage wise features in animals and birds ====
==== Stage wise features in animals and birds ====
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चतुष्पदां स्याच्चतुर्विधः, पक्षिणां त्रिविधः ||२१||
चतुष्पदां स्याच्चतुर्विधः, पक्षिणां त्रिविधः ||२१||
स्रस्ताङ्गश्च तृतीये विषवेगे याति पञ्चत्वम् ||२३||
स्रस्ताङ्गश्च तृतीये विषवेगे याति पञ्चत्वम् ||२३||
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catuṣpadāṁ syāccaturvidhaḥ, pakṣiṇāṁ trividhaḥ||21||
catuṣpadāṁ syāccaturvidhaḥ, pakṣiṇāṁ trividhaḥ||21||
srastA~ggashca tRutIye viShavege yAti pa~jcatvam ||23||
srastA~ggashca tRutIye viShavege yAti pa~jcatvam ||23||
</div></div>
In quadruped animals, the effects of poisoning are manifested in four different stages; and in birds, it is manifested in three stages.
In quadruped animals, the effects of poisoning are manifested in four different stages; and in birds, it is manifested in three stages.
==== Properties of ''visha'' and its effect on body ====
==== Properties of ''visha'' and its effect on body ====
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लघु रूक्षमाशु विशदं व्यवायि तीक्ष्णं विकासि सूक्ष्मं च |
लघु रूक्षमाशु विशदं व्यवायि तीक्ष्णं विकासि सूक्ष्मं च |
दोषस्थानप्रकृतीः प्राप्यान्यतमं ह्युदीरयति ||२७||
दोषस्थानप्रकृतीः प्राप्यान्यतमं ह्युदीरयति ||२७||
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laghu rūkṣamāśu viśadaṁ vyavāyi tīkṣṇaṁ vikāsi sūkṣmaṁ ca|
laghu rūkṣamāśu viśadaṁ vyavāyi tīkṣṇaṁ vikāsi sūkṣmaṁ ca|
doShasthAnaprakRutIH prApyAnyatamaM hyudIrayati ||27||
doShasthAnaprakRutIH prApyAnyatamaM hyudIrayati ||27||
</div></div>
''Laghu'' (lightness for digestion), ''ruksha'' (dryness), ''ashu'' (rapid), ''vishada'' (non sliminess), ''vyavayi'' (which pervades whole body before getting digested), ''tikshna'' (sharply acting), ''vikashi'' (causing looseness of joints by diminution of ''dhatus'')'', sukshma'' (subtleness), ''ushna'' (hot), and ''anirdeshya rasa'' (indistinct taste)- these are the ten properties of poison according to the expert ''vaidyas''.
''Laghu'' (lightness for digestion), ''ruksha'' (dryness), ''ashu'' (rapid), ''vishada'' (non sliminess), ''vyavayi'' (which pervades whole body before getting digested), ''tikshna'' (sharply acting), ''vikashi'' (causing looseness of joints by diminution of ''dhatus'')'', sukshma'' (subtleness), ''ushna'' (hot), and ''anirdeshya rasa'' (indistinct taste)- these are the ten properties of poison according to the expert ''vaidyas''.
==== Clinical features as per site of ''dosha'' ====
==== Clinical features as per site of ''dosha'' ====
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स्याद्वातिकस्य वातस्थाने कफपित्तलिङ्गमीषत्तु |
स्याद्वातिकस्य वातस्थाने कफपित्तलिङ्गमीषत्तु |
लिङ्गं श्वासगलग्रहकण्डूलालावमथ्वादि ||३०||
लिङ्गं श्वासगलग्रहकण्डूलालावमथ्वादि ||३०||
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syādvātikasya vātasthānē kaphapittaliṅgamīṣattu|
syādvātikasya vātasthānē kaphapittaliṅgamīṣattu|
li~ggaM shvAsagalagrahakaNDUlAlAvamathvAdi ||30||
li~ggaM shvAsagalagrahakaNDUlAlAvamathvAdi ||30||
</div></div>
If ''visha'' is situated at ''vata sthana'' in a person having ''vatika prakriti'', then he suffers from ''trit'' (excessive thirst), ''moha'' (loss of consciousness), ''arati'' (dislikness for everything), ''moorchha'' (fainting), ''galagraha'' (obstruction in the throat), ''phena chhardi'' (vomitus containing froth). There will be less manifestation of signs and symptoms of ''kapha'' and ''pitta''.
If ''visha'' is situated at ''vata sthana'' in a person having ''vatika prakriti'', then he suffers from ''trit'' (excessive thirst), ''moha'' (loss of consciousness), ''arati'' (dislikness for everything), ''moorchha'' (fainting), ''galagraha'' (obstruction in the throat), ''phena chhardi'' (vomitus containing froth). There will be less manifestation of signs and symptoms of ''kapha'' and ''pitta''.
If the poison gets lodged in ''kapha sthana'' in a person having ''kapha prakriri'' then he will be suffering from ''shwasa'' (dyspnea), ''galagraha'' (obstruction of throat), ''kandu'' (itching), ''laala vamana'' (excessive salivation). There will be less manifestation of signs and symptoms of ''vayu'' and ''pitta''.[28-30]
If the poison gets lodged in ''kapha sthana'' in a person having ''kapha prakriri'' then he will be suffering from ''shwasa'' (dyspnea), ''galagraha'' (obstruction of throat), ''kandu'' (itching), ''laala vamana'' (excessive salivation). There will be less manifestation of signs and symptoms of ''vayu'' and ''pitta''.[28-30]
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दूषीविषं तु शोणितदुष्ट्यारुःकिटिमकोठलिङ्गं च |
दूषीविषं तु शोणितदुष्ट्यारुःकिटिमकोठलिङ्गं च |
विषमेकैकं दोषं सन्दूष्य हरत्यसूनेवम् ||३१||
विषमेकैकं दोषं सन्दूष्य हरत्यसूनेवम् ||३१||
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dūṣīviṣaṁ tu śōṇitaduṣṭyāruḥkiṭimakōṭhaliṅgaṁ ca|
dūṣīviṣaṁ tu śōṇitaduṣṭyāruḥkiṭimakōṭhaliṅgaṁ ca|
viShamekaikaM doShaM sandUShya haratyasUnevam ||31||
viShamekaikaM doShaM sandUShya haratyasUnevam ||31||
</div></div>
''Dushi-visha'' (a type of artificial poison) vitiates blood and produces symptoms like ''aru'' (eczema in the head), ''kitibha'' (psoriasis) and ''kotha'' (urticaria). This type of poison afflicts each one of the ''doshas'' and causes death of the patient.[31]
''Dushi-visha'' (a type of artificial poison) vitiates blood and produces symptoms like ''aru'' (eczema in the head), ''kitibha'' (psoriasis) and ''kotha'' (urticaria). This type of poison afflicts each one of the ''doshas'' and causes death of the patient.[31]
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क्षरति विषतेजसाऽसृक् तत् खानि निरुध्य मारयति जन्तुम् |
क्षरति विषतेजसाऽसृक् तत् खानि निरुध्य मारयति जन्तुम् |
पीतं मृतस्य हृदि तिष्ठति दष्टविद्धयोर्दंशदेशे स्यात् ||३२||
पीतं मृतस्य हृदि तिष्ठति दष्टविद्धयोर्दंशदेशे स्यात् ||३२||
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kṣarati viṣatējasā'sr̥k tat khāni nirudhya mārayati jantum|
kṣarati viṣatējasā'sr̥k tat khāni nirudhya mārayati jantum|
pItaM mRutasya hRudi tiShThati daShTaviddhayordaMshadeshe syAt ||32||
pItaM mRutasya hRudi tiShThati daShTaviddhayordaMshadeshe syAt ||32||
</div></div>
Due to ''visha tejus'' (power of poison) vitiated blood transudes to obstruct ''srotas'' (channels) leading to death of the patient.
Due to ''visha tejus'' (power of poison) vitiated blood transudes to obstruct ''srotas'' (channels) leading to death of the patient.
==== Fatal signs ====
==== Fatal signs ====
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नीलौष्ठदन्तशैथिल्यकेशपतनाङ्गभङ्गविक्षेपाः |
नीलौष्ठदन्तशैथिल्यकेशपतनाङ्गभङ्गविक्षेपाः |
एभ्योऽन्यथा चिकित्स्यास्तेषां चोपक्रमाञ्छृणु मे ||३४||
एभ्योऽन्यथा चिकित्स्यास्तेषां चोपक्रमाञ्छृणु मे ||३४||
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nīlauṣṭhadantaśaithilyakēśapatanāṅgabhaṅgavikṣēpāḥ|
nīlauṣṭhadantaśaithilyakēśapatanāṅgabhaṅgavikṣēpāḥ|
ebhyo~anyathA cikitsyAsteShAM copakramA~jchRuNu me ||34||
ebhyo~anyathA cikitsyAsteShAM copakramA~jchRuNu me ||34||
</div></div>
Bluish lips, loose teeth, ''kesha pathana'' (hair fall), ''anga bhanga'' (cutting type of pain in all over body), ''vikshepa'' (convulsions), absence of horripilation even if touched by cold things, non-formation of contusion marks when hit by stick, absence of bleeding from ulcers- these are the signs of imminent death of a poisoned patient. Patients without such signs should be treated with the following therapeutic measures.[33-34]
Bluish lips, loose teeth, ''kesha pathana'' (hair fall), ''anga bhanga'' (cutting type of pain in all over body), ''vikshepa'' (convulsions), absence of horripilation even if touched by cold things, non-formation of contusion marks when hit by stick, absence of bleeding from ulcers- these are the signs of imminent death of a poisoned patient. Patients without such signs should be treated with the following therapeutic measures.[33-34]
==== Twenty four treatment modalities ====
==== Twenty four treatment modalities ====
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मन्त्रारिष्टोत्कर्तननिष्पीडनचूषणाग्निपरिषेकाः |
मन्त्रारिष्टोत्कर्तननिष्पीडनचूषणाग्निपरिषेकाः |
स्युरुपक्रमा यथा ये यत्र योज्याः शृणु तथा तान् ||३७||
स्युरुपक्रमा यथा ये यत्र योज्याः शृणु तथा तान् ||३७||
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mantrāriṣṭōtkartananiṣpīḍanacūṣaṇāgnipariṣēkāḥ|
mantrāriṣṭōtkartananiṣpīḍanacūṣaṇāgnipariṣēkāḥ|
syurupakramA yathA ye yatra yojyAH shRuNu tathA tAn ||37||
syurupakramA yathA ye yatra yojyAH shRuNu tathA tAn ||37||
</div></div>
In order to cure the patient afflicted with poison, the twenty four therapeutic measures to be adopted are as follows:
In order to cure the patient afflicted with poison, the twenty four therapeutic measures to be adopted are as follows:
==== First aid treatment ====
==== First aid treatment ====
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दंशात्तु विषं दष्टस्याविसृतं वेणिकां भिषग्बद्ध्वा |
दंशात्तु विषं दष्टस्याविसृतं वेणिकां भिषग्बद्ध्वा |
तं दंशं वा चूषेन्मुखेन यवचूर्णपांशुपूर्णेन |३९|
तं दंशं वा चूषेन्मुखेन यवचूर्णपांशुपूर्णेन |३९|
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daṁśāttu viṣaṁ daṣṭasyāvisr̥taṁ vēṇikāṁ bhiṣagbaddhvā|
daṁśāttu viṣaṁ daṣṭasyāvisr̥taṁ vēṇikāṁ bhiṣagbaddhvā|
taM daMshaM vA cUShenmukhena yavacUrNapAMshupUrNena |39|
taM daMshaM vA cUShenmukhena yavacUrNapAMshupUrNena |39|
</div></div>
Immediately after bite, before the spreading of the poison from the place of the bite, the ''venika'' (string or rope or torniquet) should be tied (at the proximal part of the bite), the site of the bite should be squeezed frequently and forcefully; the place of bite should be excised unless it is a vital part (''arma''); and the poison should be sucked out with the help of mouth filled with the flour of barley or dust.[38-39]
Immediately after bite, before the spreading of the poison from the place of the bite, the ''venika'' (string or rope or torniquet) should be tied (at the proximal part of the bite), the site of the bite should be squeezed frequently and forcefully; the place of bite should be excised unless it is a vital part (''arma''); and the poison should be sucked out with the help of mouth filled with the flour of barley or dust.[38-39]
==== Blood letting ====
==== Blood letting ====
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प्रच्छनशृङ्गजलौकाव्यधनैः स्राव्यं ततो रक्तम् ||३९||
प्रच्छनशृङ्गजलौकाव्यधनैः स्राव्यं ततो रक्तम् ||३९||
शीतैर्निवर्तयेत्तान् वीज्यश्चालोमहर्षात् स्यात् ||४३||
शीतैर्निवर्तयेत्तान् वीज्यश्चालोमहर्षात् स्यात् ||४३||
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pracchanaśr̥ṅgajalaukāvyadhanaiḥ srāvyaṁ tatō raktam||39||
pracchanaśr̥ṅgajalaukāvyadhanaiḥ srāvyaṁ tatō raktam||39||
shItairnivartayettAn vIjyashcAlomaharShAt syAt ||43||
shItairnivartayettAn vIjyashcAlomaharShAt syAt ||43||
</div></div>
Thereafter bloodletting should be done with ''prachhana'' (scratching with the help of rough instruments), ''shringa'' (horn), ''jalauka'' (leech), or ''siravyadhana'' (venesection).
Thereafter bloodletting should be done with ''prachhana'' (scratching with the help of rough instruments), ''shringa'' (horn), ''jalauka'' (leech), or ''siravyadhana'' (venesection).
==== Benefits of first aid treatments ====
==== Benefits of first aid treatments ====
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तरुरिव मूलच्छेदाद्दंशच्छेदान्न वृद्धिमेति विषम् |
तरुरिव मूलच्छेदाद्दंशच्छेदान्न वृद्धिमेति विषम् |
आचूषणमानयनं जलस्य सेतुर्यथा तथाऽरिष्टाः ||४४||
आचूषणमानयनं जलस्य सेतुर्यथा तथाऽरिष्टाः ||४४||
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taruriva mūlacchēdāddaṁśacchēdānna vr̥ddhimēti viṣam|
taruriva mūlacchēdāddaṁśacchēdānna vr̥ddhimēti viṣam|
AcUShaNamAnayanaM jalasya seturyathA tathA~ariShTAH ||44||
AcUShaNamAnayanaM jalasya seturyathA tathA~ariShTAH ||44||
</div></div>
As a tree stops growing up as soon as the root is cut, similarly the action of poison does not spread further when the bite site is excised.
As a tree stops growing up as soon as the root is cut, similarly the action of poison does not spread further when the bite site is excised.
==== Treatment of first stage ====
==== Treatment of first stage ====
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त्वङ्मांसगतं दाहो दहति विषं स्रावणं हरति रक्तात् |
त्वङ्मांसगतं दाहो दहति विषं स्रावणं हरति रक्तात् |
पीतं वमनैः सद्यो हरेद्विरेकैर्द्वितीये तु ||४५||
पीतं वमनैः सद्यो हरेद्विरेकैर्द्वितीये तु ||४५||
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tvaṅmāṁsagataṁ dāhō dahati viṣaṁ srāvaṇaṁ harati raktāt|
tvaṅmāṁsagataṁ dāhō dahati viṣaṁ srāvaṇaṁ harati raktāt|
pItaM vamanaiH sadyo haredvirekairdvitIye tu ||45||
pItaM vamanaiH sadyo haredvirekairdvitIye tu ||45||
</div></div>
''Agnikarma'' (cauterization) causes burning of poison located in skin and flesh. ''Sravana'' (drugs used to cause exudation of liquid) helps in flowing out of poison from the blood.
''Agnikarma'' (cauterization) causes burning of poison located in skin and flesh. ''Sravana'' (drugs used to cause exudation of liquid) helps in flowing out of poison from the blood.
==== Treatment of second stage ====
==== Treatment of second stage ====
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आदौ हृदयं रक्ष्यं तस्यावरणं पिबेद्यथालाभम् |
आदौ हृदयं रक्ष्यं तस्यावरणं पिबेद्यथालाभम् |
छागादीनां वाऽसृग्भस्म मृदं वा पिबेदाशु ||४७||
छागादीनां वाऽसृग्भस्म मृदं वा पिबेदाशु ||४७||
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ādau hr̥dayaṁ rakṣyaṁ tasyāvaraṇaṁ pibēdyathālābham|
ādau hr̥dayaṁ rakṣyaṁ tasyāvaraṇaṁ pibēdyathālābham|
chAgAdInAM vA~asRugbhasma mRudaM vA pibedAshu ||47||
chAgAdInAM vA~asRugbhasma mRudaM vA pibedAshu ||47||
</div></div>
In the second stage, ''hridaya'' (heart) should be protected and an ''avarana'' (covering) should be made according to the availability of drugs. ''Madhu'' (honey), ghee (clarified butter), ''majja'' (bone marrow), ''payas'' (milk), ''gairikam'' (red ochre), ''gomaya rasa'' (juice of cow dung), well boiled sugar cane juice or the juice squeezed out of meat of crow should be given to the patient for protecting the heart. Patient can be treated immediately with blood of goat etc, ashes or mud diluted with water to drink. [46-47]
In the second stage, ''hridaya'' (heart) should be protected and an ''avarana'' (covering) should be made according to the availability of drugs. ''Madhu'' (honey), ghee (clarified butter), ''majja'' (bone marrow), ''payas'' (milk), ''gairikam'' (red ochre), ''gomaya rasa'' (juice of cow dung), well boiled sugar cane juice or the juice squeezed out of meat of crow should be given to the patient for protecting the heart. Patient can be treated immediately with blood of goat etc, ashes or mud diluted with water to drink. [46-47]
==== Treatment of third to eighth stage ====
==== Treatment of third to eighth stage ====
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क्षारागदस्तृतीये शोफहरैर्लेखनं समध्वम्बु |
क्षारागदस्तृतीये शोफहरैर्लेखनं समध्वम्बु |
विषपानं दष्टानां विषपीते दंशनं चान्ते ||५०||
विषपानं दष्टानां विषपीते दंशनं चान्ते ||५०||
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kṣārāgadastr̥tīyē śōphaharairlēkhanaṁ [3] samadhvambu|
kṣārāgadastr̥tīyē śōphaharairlēkhanaṁ [3] samadhvambu|
viShapAnaM daShTAnAM viShapIte daMshanaM cAnte ||50||
viShapAnaM daShTAnAM viShapIte daMshanaM cAnte ||50||
</div></div>
In the 3rd stage, patient can be treated with ''ksharagada'' along with honey and water which can reduces ''shopha'' (edema) and is having the property of ''lekhana'' (which scrapes out unwanted waste products from the body).
In the 3rd stage, patient can be treated with ''ksharagada'' along with honey and water which can reduces ''shopha'' (edema) and is having the property of ''lekhana'' (which scrapes out unwanted waste products from the body).
==== Treatment in eighth stage ====
==== Treatment in eighth stage ====
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शिखिपित्तार्धयुतं स्यात् पलाशबीजमगदो मृतेषु वरः |
शिखिपित्तार्धयुतं स्यात् पलाशबीजमगदो मृतेषु वरः |
शस्ताऽमृतेन तुल्या शिरीषपुष्पकाकाण्डकरसैर्वा ||५२||
शस्ताऽमृतेन तुल्या शिरीषपुष्पकाकाण्डकरसैर्वा ||५२||
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śikhipittārdhayutaṁ syāt palāśabījamagadō mr̥tēṣu varaḥ|
śikhipittārdhayutaṁ syāt palāśabījamagadō mr̥tēṣu varaḥ|
gopittayutairguTikAH surasAgranthidvirajanImadhukakuShThaiH |
gopittayutairguTikAH surasAgranthidvirajanImadhukakuShThaiH |
shastA~amRutena tulyA shirIShapuShpakAkANDakarasairvA ||52||
shastA~amRutena tulyA shirIShapuShpakAkANDakarasairvA ||52||
</div></div>
If the patient appears to be dead due to poisoning, then he should be given the powder of the seed of ''palasha'' (Butea monosperma) mixed with half the quantity of the bile of peacock.
If the patient appears to be dead due to poisoning, then he should be given the powder of the seed of ''palasha'' (Butea monosperma) mixed with half the quantity of the bile of peacock.
==== Treatment in case of hanging and drowning ====
==== Treatment in case of hanging and drowning ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
काकाण्डसुरसगवाक्षीपुनर्नवावायसीशिरीषफलैः |
काकाण्डसुरसगवाक्षीपुनर्नवावायसीशिरीषफलैः |
उद्बन्धविषजलमृते लेपौपधिनस्यपानानि ||५३||
उद्बन्धविषजलमृते लेपौपधिनस्यपानानि ||५३||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
kākāṇḍasurasagavākṣīpunarnavāvāyasīśirīṣaphalaiḥ|
kākāṇḍasurasagavākṣīpunarnavāvāyasīśirīṣaphalaiḥ|
udbandhaviShajalamRute lepaupadhinasyapAnAni ||53||
udbandhaviShajalamRute lepaupadhinasyapAnAni ||53||
</div></div>
If the patient appears to be dead because of ''udbandhana'' (hanging), poisoning or drowning in water (''jalamrita''), then the potion comprising ''kakanda'' (Canavalia ensiformis), ''surasa'' (Ocimum sanctum), ''gavakshi'' (Citrullus colocynthis), ''punarnava'' (Boerhavia diffusa), ''vayasi'' (Solanum nigrum) and fruits of ''shirisha'' (Albizzia lebbeck) should be administered in the form of ''lepa'' (ointment) along with ''aupadhi'' (application of the paste over the head after making incisions in the form of ''kaakapaada'' or the paw of a crow, ''nasya'' and ''pana'' for his revival. [53]
If the patient appears to be dead because of ''udbandhana'' (hanging), poisoning or drowning in water (''jalamrita''), then the potion comprising ''kakanda'' (Canavalia ensiformis), ''surasa'' (Ocimum sanctum), ''gavakshi'' (Citrullus colocynthis), ''punarnava'' (Boerhavia diffusa), ''vayasi'' (Solanum nigrum) and fruits of ''shirisha'' (Albizzia lebbeck) should be administered in the form of ''lepa'' (ointment) along with ''aupadhi'' (application of the paste over the head after making incisions in the form of ''kaakapaada'' or the paw of a crow, ''nasya'' and ''pana'' for his revival. [53]
==== ''Mritasanjivana agada'' ====
==== ''Mritasanjivana agada'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
स्पृक्काप्लवस्थौणेयकाङ्क्षीशैलेयरोचनातगरम् |
स्पृक्काप्लवस्थौणेयकाङ्क्षीशैलेयरोचनातगरम् |
इति मृतसञ्जीवनोऽगदः |
इति मृतसञ्जीवनोऽगदः |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
spr̥kkāplavasthauṇēyakāṅkṣīśailēyarōcanātagaram|
spr̥kkāplavasthauṇēyakāṅkṣīśailēyarōcanātagaram|
iti mRutasa~jjIvano~agadaH |
iti mRutasa~jjIvano~agadaH |
</div></div>
''Sprikka'' (Delphinium zalil), ''plava'' (Cyperus rotundus), ''sthauneyaka'' (Taxus baccata), ''kanksi'' (Saurashtrika), ''shaileya'' (Parmelia perlata), ''rochana'' (bile of cow), ''tagara'' (Valeriana wallichii), ''dhyamaka'' (Cymbopogon martini), ''kunkuma'' (Crocus sativua), ''mamsi'' (Nardostachys jatamansi), ''agra'' (inflorescence) of ''surasa'' (Ocimum sanctum), ''ela'' (Elettaria cardamomum), ''ala'' (''Haritala'' – Purified Arsenic trisulphide), ''kushtaghna'' (''Khadira'' – Acacia catechu)), ''brhati'' (Solanum indicum), flower of ''sirisha'' (Albizzia lebbeck), ''sriveshtaka'' (resinous exudation obtained from the trunk of Pinus roxburghii), ''padmacharati'' (Clerodendrum indicum), ''visala'' (Trichosanthes bracteata), ''suradaru'' (Cedrus deodara), ''padmakesara'' (Prunus cerasoides), ''savaraka'' (a type of ''Lodhra'' –Symplocos racemosa), ''manahshila'' (Arsenic disulphide), ''kaunti'' (''Renuka'' – Vitex negundo), juice of the flowers of ''jati'' (Jasminum grandiglorum) and ''arka'' (Calotropis procera), (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata), ''hingu'' (Ferula foetida), ''pippati'' (Piper lingum), ''laksha'' (Laccifer lacca) , ''jala'' (''Hribera'' – Valeriana wallichii), ''mudgaparni'' (Phaseolus trilobus), ''chandana'' (Santalum album), ''madhuka'' (Glycyrrhiza glabra), ''madana'' (Randia dumentorum), ''sindhuvara'' (Vitex negundo), ''shampaka'' (Cassia fistula), ''lodhra'' (Symplocos racemosa), ''mayuraka'' (''apamarga'' – Achyranthes aspera), ''gandha-phala'' (''privahgu'' – Setaria italic), ''nakuli'' (''Rasna'' – Pluchea lanceolata) and ''vidanga'' (Embelia ribes) should be collected in ''pusya nakshatra''. Taken in equal quantities, these drugs are to be triturated, made to a paste, and pills should be made out of this paste.
''Sprikka'' (Delphinium zalil), ''plava'' (Cyperus rotundus), ''sthauneyaka'' (Taxus baccata), ''kanksi'' (Saurashtrika), ''shaileya'' (Parmelia perlata), ''rochana'' (bile of cow), ''tagara'' (Valeriana wallichii), ''dhyamaka'' (Cymbopogon martini), ''kunkuma'' (Crocus sativua), ''mamsi'' (Nardostachys jatamansi), ''agra'' (inflorescence) of ''surasa'' (Ocimum sanctum), ''ela'' (Elettaria cardamomum), ''ala'' (''Haritala'' – Purified Arsenic trisulphide), ''kushtaghna'' (''Khadira'' – Acacia catechu)), ''brhati'' (Solanum indicum), flower of ''sirisha'' (Albizzia lebbeck), ''sriveshtaka'' (resinous exudation obtained from the trunk of Pinus roxburghii), ''padmacharati'' (Clerodendrum indicum), ''visala'' (Trichosanthes bracteata), ''suradaru'' (Cedrus deodara), ''padmakesara'' (Prunus cerasoides), ''savaraka'' (a type of ''Lodhra'' –Symplocos racemosa), ''manahshila'' (Arsenic disulphide), ''kaunti'' (''Renuka'' – Vitex negundo), juice of the flowers of ''jati'' (Jasminum grandiglorum) and ''arka'' (Calotropis procera), (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata), ''hingu'' (Ferula foetida), ''pippati'' (Piper lingum), ''laksha'' (Laccifer lacca) , ''jala'' (''Hribera'' – Valeriana wallichii), ''mudgaparni'' (Phaseolus trilobus), ''chandana'' (Santalum album), ''madhuka'' (Glycyrrhiza glabra), ''madana'' (Randia dumentorum), ''sindhuvara'' (Vitex negundo), ''shampaka'' (Cassia fistula), ''lodhra'' (Symplocos racemosa), ''mayuraka'' (''apamarga'' – Achyranthes aspera), ''gandha-phala'' (''privahgu'' – Setaria italic), ''nakuli'' (''Rasna'' – Pluchea lanceolata) and ''vidanga'' (Embelia ribes) should be collected in ''pusya nakshatra''. Taken in equal quantities, these drugs are to be triturated, made to a paste, and pills should be made out of this paste.
==== Principle of treatment as per site of ''dosha'' ====
==== Principle of treatment as per site of ''dosha'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
मन्त्रैर्धमनीबन्धोऽवमार्जनं कार्यमात्मरक्षा च |
मन्त्रैर्धमनीबन्धोऽवमार्जनं कार्यमात्मरक्षा च |
स्थानं जयेद्धि पूर्वं स्थानस्थस्याविरुद्धं च ||६४||
स्थानं जयेद्धि पूर्वं स्थानस्थस्याविरुद्धं च ||६४||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
mantrairdhamanībandhō'vamārjanaṁ kāryamātmarakṣā ca|
mantrairdhamanībandhō'vamārjanaṁ kāryamātmarakṣā ca|
sthAnaM jayeddhi pUrvaM sthAnasthasyAviruddhaM ca ||64||
sthAnaM jayeddhi pUrvaM sthAnasthasyAviruddhaM ca ||64||
</div></div>
''Dhamani bandha'' (application of tourniquet), ''avamarjana'' (eliminating the poison), and ''atmaraksha'' (protecting ourselves from the attack of evil spirits) should be done with the help of ''mantras''.
''Dhamani bandha'' (application of tourniquet), ''avamarjana'' (eliminating the poison), and ''atmaraksha'' (protecting ourselves from the attack of evil spirits) should be done with the help of ''mantras''.
==== Treatment of obstruction by ''kapha'' and ''kakapada'' (incision in the shape of paw of crow) ====
==== Treatment of obstruction by ''kapha'' and ''kakapada'' (incision in the shape of paw of crow) ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
विषदूषितकफमार्गः स्रोतःसंरोधरुद्धवायुस्तु |
विषदूषितकफमार्गः स्रोतःसंरोधरुद्धवायुस्तु |
दद्यात् काकपदे तस्मिंस्ततः सङ्क्रमते विषम् ||६७||
दद्यात् काकपदे तस्मिंस्ततः सङ्क्रमते विषम् ||६७||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
viṣadūṣitakaphamārgaḥ srōtaḥsaṁrōdharuddhavāyustu|
viṣadūṣitakaphamārgaḥ srōtaḥsaṁrōdharuddhavāyustu|
dadyAt kAkapade tasmiMstataH sa~gkramate viSham ||67||
dadyAt kAkapade tasmiMstataH sa~gkramate viSham ||67||
</div></div>
When the channel of circulation of ''kapha'' gets vitiated by poison, then this causes obstruction in the channel because of which the movement of ''vayu'' gets obstructed. As a result of this, the patient breaths as if he is going to die very soon. If he is free from signs and symptoms of incurability, then incisions should be made on his scalp resembling the paw of the crow (''kakapada''), and one bilva (nearly 40 grams) of the paste of ''charmakasha'' (''saptala'' – Acacia concinna) should be applied over it. He may also be given ''pradhamana'' (a type of inhalation therapy in which the recipe in powder form is blown into the nostrils) with ''katabhi'' (Albizzia procera), ''katu'' (''shunti'' – Zingiber officinale, ''pippali'' – Piper longum and ''maricha'' – Piper nigrum) and ''katphala'' (Luffa cylindrica).
When the channel of circulation of ''kapha'' gets vitiated by poison, then this causes obstruction in the channel because of which the movement of ''vayu'' gets obstructed. As a result of this, the patient breaths as if he is going to die very soon. If he is free from signs and symptoms of incurability, then incisions should be made on his scalp resembling the paw of the crow (''kakapada''), and one bilva (nearly 40 grams) of the paste of ''charmakasha'' (''saptala'' – Acacia concinna) should be applied over it. He may also be given ''pradhamana'' (a type of inhalation therapy in which the recipe in powder form is blown into the nostrils) with ''katabhi'' (Albizzia procera), ''katu'' (''shunti'' – Zingiber officinale, ''pippali'' – Piper longum and ''maricha'' – Piper nigrum) and ''katphala'' (Luffa cylindrica).
==== ''Nasya'' and ''anjana'' administration ====
==== ''Nasya'' and ''anjana'' administration ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
नासाक्षिकर्णजिह्वाकण्ठनिरोधेषु कर्म नस्तः स्यात् |
नासाक्षिकर्णजिह्वाकण्ठनिरोधेषु कर्म नस्तः स्यात् |
दारुव्योषहरिद्राकरवीरकरञ्जनिम्बसुरसैस्तु ||६९||
दारुव्योषहरिद्राकरवीरकरञ्जनिम्बसुरसैस्तु ||६९||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
nāsākṣikarṇajihvākaṇṭhanirōdhēṣu karma nastaḥ syāt|
nāsākṣikarṇajihvākaṇṭhanirōdhēṣu karma nastaḥ syāt|
dAruvyoShaharidrAkaravIrakara~jjanimbasurasaistu ||69||
dAruvyoShaharidrAkaravIrakara~jjanimbasurasaistu ||69||
</div></div>
If there is obstruction to the nose, eyes (vision), ears, tongue and throat, then the patient should be given ''nasya'' (inhalation therapy) with the help of the paste of ''vartaku'' (Solanum melongena), ''bijapura'' (Citrus medica), ''jyotishmati'' (Celastrus paniculatus), etc.
If there is obstruction to the nose, eyes (vision), ears, tongue and throat, then the patient should be given ''nasya'' (inhalation therapy) with the help of the paste of ''vartaku'' (Solanum melongena), ''bijapura'' (Citrus medica), ''jyotishmati'' (Celastrus paniculatus), etc.
==== ''Gandhahasti agada'' ====
==== ''Gandhahasti agada'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
श्वेता वचाऽश्वगन्धा हिङ्ग्वमृता कुष्ठसैन्धवे लशुनम् |
श्वेता वचाऽश्वगन्धा हिङ्ग्वमृता कुष्ठसैन्धवे लशुनम् |
इति गन्धहस्तीनामाऽगदः |
इति गन्धहस्तीनामाऽगदः |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
śvētā vacā'śvagandhā [2] hiṅgvamr̥tā kuṣṭhasaindhavē laśunam|
śvētā vacā'śvagandhā [2] hiṅgvamr̥tā kuṣṭhasaindhavē laśunam|
iti gandhahastInAmA~agadaH |
iti gandhahastInAmA~agadaH |
</div></div>
''Shveta'' (''Katabhi'' -Albizzia procera), ''vacha'' (Acorus calamus), ''ashvagandha'' (Withania somnifera), ''hingu'' (Ferula foetida), ''amrita'' (Tinospora cordifolia), ''kushtha'' (Saussurea lappa), ''saindhava'' (rock salt), ''lashuna'' (Allium sativum), ''sarshapa'' (Brassica campestris), pulp of ''kapittha'' (Feronia limonia), ''tuntuka'' (Oroxylum indicum), seeds of ''karanja'' (Pongamia pinnata), ''shunti'' (Zingiber officinale), ''pippali'' (Piper longum), ''maricha'' (Piper nigrum), flower of ''shirisha'' (Albizzia labbec), ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata) and ''vamshalochana'' (Bambusa arundinacea) should be taken in equal quantities, and impregnated as well as triturated with goat’s urine, cow’s bile and horse bile alternatively for seven days each.
''Shveta'' (''Katabhi'' -Albizzia procera), ''vacha'' (Acorus calamus), ''ashvagandha'' (Withania somnifera), ''hingu'' (Ferula foetida), ''amrita'' (Tinospora cordifolia), ''kushtha'' (Saussurea lappa), ''saindhava'' (rock salt), ''lashuna'' (Allium sativum), ''sarshapa'' (Brassica campestris), pulp of ''kapittha'' (Feronia limonia), ''tuntuka'' (Oroxylum indicum), seeds of ''karanja'' (Pongamia pinnata), ''shunti'' (Zingiber officinale), ''pippali'' (Piper longum), ''maricha'' (Piper nigrum), flower of ''shirisha'' (Albizzia labbec), ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata) and ''vamshalochana'' (Bambusa arundinacea) should be taken in equal quantities, and impregnated as well as triturated with goat’s urine, cow’s bile and horse bile alternatively for seven days each.
==== ''Mahagandhahastinama agada'' ====
==== ''Mahagandhahastinama agada'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
पत्रागुरुमुस्तैला निर्यासाः पञ्च चन्दनं स्पृक्का |
पत्रागुरुमुस्तैला निर्यासाः पञ्च चन्दनं स्पृक्का |
इति महागन्धहस्तीनामाऽगदः |
इति महागन्धहस्तीनामाऽगदः |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
patrāgurumustailā niryāsāḥ pañca candanaṁ spr̥kkā|
patrāgurumustailā niryāsāḥ pañca candanaṁ spr̥kkā|
iti mahAgandhahastInAmA~agadaH |
iti mahAgandhahastInAmA~agadaH |
</div></div>
The recipe called ''mahagandhahasti'' comprises sixty ingredients, viz.,
The recipe called ''mahagandhahasti'' comprises sixty ingredients, viz.,
==== ''Rushabhakadi agada'' ====
==== ''Rushabhakadi agada'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
ऋषभकजीवकभार्गीमधुकोत्पलधान्यकेशराजाज्यः |
ऋषभकजीवकभार्गीमधुकोत्पलधान्यकेशराजाज्यः |
ससितगिरिकोलमध्याः पेयाः श्वासज्वरादिहराः ||९५||
ससितगिरिकोलमध्याः पेयाः श्वासज्वरादिहराः ||९५||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
r̥ṣabhakajīvakabhārgīmadhukōtpaladhānyakēśarājājyaḥ|
r̥ṣabhakajīvakabhārgīmadhukōtpaladhānyakēśarājājyaḥ|
sasitagirikolamadhyAH peyAH shvAsajvarAdiharAH ||95||
sasitagirikolamadhyAH peyAH shvAsajvarAdiharAH ||95||
</div></div>
Intake of ''rishabhaka'' (Microstylis wallichii), ''jeevaka'' (Microstylis musifera), ''bharngi'' (Clerodendrum serratum), ''madhuka'' (Glycerrhiza glabra), ''utpala'' (Nymphaea stellata), ''dhanya'' (Coriandrum sativum), ''kesara''(Mesua ferrea), ''ajaji'' (Cuminum cyminum), ''sitagiri'' (Clitoria ternatea) and the pulp of ''kola'' (Zizyphus jujube) in the form of a ''peya'' (thin gruel made up of rice) cures ''shwasa'', fever etc., caused by poisoning.[95]
Intake of ''rishabhaka'' (Microstylis wallichii), ''jeevaka'' (Microstylis musifera), ''bharngi'' (Clerodendrum serratum), ''madhuka'' (Glycerrhiza glabra), ''utpala'' (Nymphaea stellata), ''dhanya'' (Coriandrum sativum), ''kesara''(Mesua ferrea), ''ajaji'' (Cuminum cyminum), ''sitagiri'' (Clitoria ternatea) and the pulp of ''kola'' (Zizyphus jujube) in the form of a ''peya'' (thin gruel made up of rice) cures ''shwasa'', fever etc., caused by poisoning.[95]
==== ''Hingvadi yoga'' ====
==== ''Hingvadi yoga'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
हिङ्गु च कृष्णायुक्तं कपित्थरसयुक्तमग्र्यलवणं च |
हिङ्गु च कृष्णायुक्तं कपित्थरसयुक्तमग्र्यलवणं च |
समधुसितौ पातव्यौ ज्वरहिक्काश्वासकासघ्नौ ||९६||
समधुसितौ पातव्यौ ज्वरहिक्काश्वासकासघ्नौ ||९६||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
hiṅgu ca kr̥ṣṇāyuktaṁ kapittharasayuktamagryalavaṇaṁ ca|
hiṅgu ca kr̥ṣṇāyuktaṁ kapittharasayuktamagryalavaṇaṁ ca|
samadhusitau pAtavyau jvarahikkAshvAsakAsaghnau ||96||
samadhusitau pAtavyau jvarahikkAshvAsakAsaghnau ||96||
</div></div>
Intake of ''hingu'' (Ferula foetida) and ''krishna'' (Piper longum) along with honey and sugar, or the juice of ''kapittha'' (Feronia limonia) and ''saindhava'' (rock salt) along with honey and sugar cures fever, hiccup, dyspnea and cough caused by poisoning. [96]
Intake of ''hingu'' (Ferula foetida) and ''krishna'' (Piper longum) along with honey and sugar, or the juice of ''kapittha'' (Feronia limonia) and ''saindhava'' (rock salt) along with honey and sugar cures fever, hiccup, dyspnea and cough caused by poisoning. [96]
==== Treatment of vomiting and hiccups ====
==== Treatment of vomiting and hiccups ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
लेहः कोलास्थ्यञ्जनलाजोत्पलमधुघृतैर्वम्याम् |
लेहः कोलास्थ्यञ्जनलाजोत्पलमधुघृतैर्वम्याम् |
बृहतीद्वयाढकीपत्रधूमवर्तिस्तु हिक्काघ्नी ||९७||
बृहतीद्वयाढकीपत्रधूमवर्तिस्तु हिक्काघ्नी ||९७||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
lēhaḥ kōlāsthyañjanalājōtpalamadhughr̥tairvamyām|
lēhaḥ kōlāsthyañjanalājōtpalamadhughr̥tairvamyām|
bRuhatIdvayADhakIpatradhUmavartistu hikkAghnI ||97||
bRuhatIdvayADhakIpatradhUmavartistu hikkAghnI ||97||
</div></div>
Intake of the seed-pulp of ''kola'' (Zizyphus jujube), ''anjana'' (rasanjana), ''laja'' (roasted rice grain), ''utpala'' (Nymphaea stellata), honey and ghee (clarified butter) in the form of a linctus cures vomiting caused by poisoning.
Intake of the seed-pulp of ''kola'' (Zizyphus jujube), ''anjana'' (rasanjana), ''laja'' (roasted rice grain), ''utpala'' (Nymphaea stellata), honey and ghee (clarified butter) in the form of a linctus cures vomiting caused by poisoning.
==== Fumigation ====
==== Fumigation ====
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शिखिबर्हिबलाकास्थीनि सर्षपाश्चन्दनं च घृतयुक्तम् |
शिखिबर्हिबलाकास्थीनि सर्षपाश्चन्दनं च घृतयुक्तम् |
धूमो गृहशयनासनवस्त्रादिषु शस्यते विषनुत् ||९८||
धूमो गृहशयनासनवस्त्रादिषु शस्यते विषनुत् ||९८||
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śikhibarhibalākāsthīni sarṣapāścandanaṁ ca ghr̥tayuktam|
śikhibarhibalākāsthīni sarṣapāścandanaṁ ca ghr̥tayuktam|
dhUmo gRuhashayanAsanavastrAdiShu shasyate viShanut ||98||
dhUmo gRuhashayanAsanavastrAdiShu shasyate viShanut ||98||
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The fumigation with peacock’s feather, crane’s bone, ''sarshapa'' (Brassica campestris) and ''chandana'' (Santalam album) added with ghee (clarified butter) removes the toxicities in the home, beds, seats and clothes. [98]
The fumigation with peacock’s feather, crane’s bone, ''sarshapa'' (Brassica campestris) and ''chandana'' (Santalam album) added with ghee (clarified butter) removes the toxicities in the home, beds, seats and clothes. [98]
==== Medicated fumigation for swelling ====
==== Medicated fumigation for swelling ====
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घृतयुक्ते नतकुष्ठे भुजगपतिशिरः शिरीषपुष्पं च |
घृतयुक्ते नतकुष्ठे भुजगपतिशिरः शिरीषपुष्पं च |
धूमागदः स्मृतोऽयं सर्वविषघ्नः श्वयथुहृच्च ||९९||
धूमागदः स्मृतोऽयं सर्वविषघ्नः श्वयथुहृच्च ||९९||
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ghr̥tayuktē natakuṣṭhē bhujagapatiśiraḥ śirīṣapuṣpaṁ ca|
ghr̥tayuktē natakuṣṭhē bhujagapatiśiraḥ śirīṣapuṣpaṁ ca|
dhUmAgadaH smRuto~ayaM sarvaviShaghnaH shvayathuhRucca ||99||
dhUmAgadaH smRuto~ayaM sarvaviShaghnaH shvayathuhRucca ||99||
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Fumigation with ''nata'' (Valeriana wallichii), ''kushta'' (Saussurea lappa), head of ''bhujagapati'' (snake having two heads or fangs) and flower of ''shirisha'' (Albizzia labbec) by adding ghee is called ''dhumagada'', and it cures all types of poison and edema.[99]
Fumigation with ''nata'' (Valeriana wallichii), ''kushta'' (Saussurea lappa), head of ''bhujagapati'' (snake having two heads or fangs) and flower of ''shirisha'' (Albizzia labbec) by adding ghee is called ''dhumagada'', and it cures all types of poison and edema.[99]
==== ''Jatwadi'' medicated fumigation ====
==== ''Jatwadi'' medicated fumigation ====
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जतुसेव्यपत्रगुग्गुलुभल्लातकककुभपुष्पसर्जरसाः |
जतुसेव्यपत्रगुग्गुलुभल्लातकककुभपुष्पसर्जरसाः |
श्वेता च धूम उरगाखुकीटवस्त्रक्रिमिनुदग्र्यः ||१००||
श्वेता च धूम उरगाखुकीटवस्त्रक्रिमिनुदग्र्यः ||१००||
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jatusēvyapatraguggulubhallātakakakubhapuṣpasarjarasāḥ|
jatusēvyapatraguggulubhallātakakakubhapuṣpasarjarasāḥ|
shvetA ca dhUma uragAkhukITavastrakriminudagryaH ||100||
shvetA ca dhUma uragAkhukITavastrakriminudagryaH ||100||
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The fumigation with ''jatu'' (lac), ''sevya'' (Vetiveria zizanoides), ''patra'' (Cinnamomum tamala), ''guggulu'' (Commiphora mukul), ''bhallataka'' (Semecarpus anacardium), flower of ''kakubha'' (Terminalia arjuna), ''sarjarasa'' (Vateria indica) and ''shveta'' (Clitoria ternatea) is an excellent remedy for curing poisoning by snake and rat bite. It also helps in destroying the insects (counteracting their poison) and ''vastrakrimi'' (''yuka'' or lice). [100]
The fumigation with ''jatu'' (lac), ''sevya'' (Vetiveria zizanoides), ''patra'' (Cinnamomum tamala), ''guggulu'' (Commiphora mukul), ''bhallataka'' (Semecarpus anacardium), flower of ''kakubha'' (Terminalia arjuna), ''sarjarasa'' (Vateria indica) and ''shveta'' (Clitoria ternatea) is an excellent remedy for curing poisoning by snake and rat bite. It also helps in destroying the insects (counteracting their poison) and ''vastrakrimi'' (''yuka'' or lice). [100]
==== ''Ksharagada'' ====
==== ''Ksharagada'' ====
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तरुणपलाशक्षारं स्रुतं पचेच्चूर्णितैः सह समांशैः |
तरुणपलाशक्षारं स्रुतं पचेच्चूर्णितैः सह समांशैः |
इति क्षारागदः |
इति क्षारागदः |
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taruṇapalāśakṣāraṁ srutaṁ pacēccūrṇitaiḥ saha samāṁśaiḥ|
taruṇapalāśakṣāraṁ srutaṁ pacēccūrṇitaiḥ saha samāṁśaiḥ|
iti kShArAgadaH |
iti kShArAgadaH |
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''Kshara'' derived by decanting the ashes of a tender tree, of ''palasha'' (Butea monosperma) should be added with equal quantities of ''lohitamrita'' (''Gairika'' – red ocre), ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata), ''manjari'' (inflorescence) of the white variety of ''surasa'' (Ocimum sanctum), ''madhuka'' (Glycerrhiza glabra), ''laksha''), ''saindhava'' (rock salt), ''jatamamsi'' (Nordostachys jatamansi), ''harenu'' (Vitex negundo), ''hingu'' (Ferula foetida), ''sariva'' (Hemidesmus indicus), ''kushta'' (Saussurea lappa), ''shunti'' (Zingiber officinale), ''pippali'' (Piper longum), ''maricha'' (Piper nigrum) and ''bahlika'' (''kunkuma''-''kesara''-Crocus sativua). This recipe should then be stirred while being cooked till the paste sticks to the spoon. Then pills of the size of ''kola'' (Zizyphus jujube) should be made out of this paste and dried in shade. Intake of this cures inflammation caused by all types of poisoning, ''gulma'' (abdominal lumps), skin diseases, piles, fistula-in-ano, splenic disorders, edema, epilepsy, parasitic infestation, affliction by evil spirits, hoarseness of voice, anemia, suppression of the power of digestion, cough and insanity. The combination is known as ''kshara agada''.[101-104]
''Kshara'' derived by decanting the ashes of a tender tree, of ''palasha'' (Butea monosperma) should be added with equal quantities of ''lohitamrita'' (''Gairika'' – red ocre), ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata), ''manjari'' (inflorescence) of the white variety of ''surasa'' (Ocimum sanctum), ''madhuka'' (Glycerrhiza glabra), ''laksha''), ''saindhava'' (rock salt), ''jatamamsi'' (Nordostachys jatamansi), ''harenu'' (Vitex negundo), ''hingu'' (Ferula foetida), ''sariva'' (Hemidesmus indicus), ''kushta'' (Saussurea lappa), ''shunti'' (Zingiber officinale), ''pippali'' (Piper longum), ''maricha'' (Piper nigrum) and ''bahlika'' (''kunkuma''-''kesara''-Crocus sativua). This recipe should then be stirred while being cooked till the paste sticks to the spoon. Then pills of the size of ''kola'' (Zizyphus jujube) should be made out of this paste and dried in shade. Intake of this cures inflammation caused by all types of poisoning, ''gulma'' (abdominal lumps), skin diseases, piles, fistula-in-ano, splenic disorders, edema, epilepsy, parasitic infestation, affliction by evil spirits, hoarseness of voice, anemia, suppression of the power of digestion, cough and insanity. The combination is known as ''kshara agada''.[101-104]
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विषपीतदष्टविद्धेष्वेतद्दिग्धे च वाच्यमुद्दिष्टम् |
विषपीतदष्टविद्धेष्वेतद्दिग्धे च वाच्यमुद्दिष्टम् |
आहारविहारगतं तस्मात् प्रेष्यान् परीक्षेत ||१०६||
आहारविहारगतं तस्मात् प्रेष्यान् परीक्षेत ||१०६||
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viṣapītadaṣṭaviddhēṣvētaddigdhē ca vācyamuddiṣṭam|
viṣapītadaṣṭaviddhēṣvētaddigdhē ca vācyamuddiṣṭam|
AhAravihAragataM tasmAt preShyAn parIkSheta ||106||
AhAravihAragataM tasmAt preShyAn parIkSheta ||106||
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The details regarding the ''lakshanas'' and ''chikitsa'' of those who has consumed ''sthavara visha'' or who has been bitten by poisonous animals or who has been injured by the weapons smeared in poisons or whose cloths have been afflicted by poisons are explained so far in this chapter. Now, hear carefully about the treatment of different types of poison which are to be elaborated separately.[105-106]
The details regarding the ''lakshanas'' and ''chikitsa'' of those who has consumed ''sthavara visha'' or who has been bitten by poisonous animals or who has been injured by the weapons smeared in poisons or whose cloths have been afflicted by poisons are explained so far in this chapter. Now, hear carefully about the treatment of different types of poison which are to be elaborated separately.[105-106]
==== Characteristics of poison giver and intoxicated poisonous food ====
==== Characteristics of poison giver and intoxicated poisonous food ====
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अत्यर्थशङ्कितः स्याद्बहुवागथवाऽल्पवाग्विगतलक्ष्मीः |
अत्यर्थशङ्कितः स्याद्बहुवागथवाऽल्पवाग्विगतलक्ष्मीः |
स्फुटति च सशब्दमेकावर्तो विहतार्चिरपि च स्यात् ||१०९||
स्फुटति च सशब्दमेकावर्तो विहतार्चिरपि च स्यात् ||१०९||
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atyarthaśaṅkitaḥ syādbahuvāgathavā'lpavāgvigatalakṣmīḥ|
atyarthaśaṅkitaḥ syādbahuvāgathavā'lpavāgvigatalakṣmīḥ|
sphuTati ca sashabdamekAvarto vihatArcirapi ca syAt ||109||
sphuTati ca sashabdamekAvarto vihatArcirapi ca syAt ||109||
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A person who behaves in an extremely suspicious manner, who is garrulous or who speaks very little, who has lost luster of his face and who exhibits changes in his characteristic features should be considered as a poison-giver.
A person who behaves in an extremely suspicious manner, who is garrulous or who speaks very little, who has lost luster of his face and who exhibits changes in his characteristic features should be considered as a poison-giver.
When a person shows the characteristic features of a poison-giver, then the food, etc., served by him should not be taken. A part of it should be thrown over fire. If the food is poisoned, then the flame of the fire appears like color of peacock feather. The smoke which comes out of such fire is sharp, intolerable and dry, and it smells like a corpse. The flame which comes out makes a cracking noise; it moves spirally or it gets extinguished.[107-109]
When a person shows the characteristic features of a poison-giver, then the food, etc., served by him should not be taken. A part of it should be thrown over fire. If the food is poisoned, then the flame of the fire appears like color of peacock feather. The smoke which comes out of such fire is sharp, intolerable and dry, and it smells like a corpse. The flame which comes out makes a cracking noise; it moves spirally or it gets extinguished.[107-109]
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पात्रस्थं च विवर्णं भोज्यं स्यान्मक्षिकांश्च मारयति |
पात्रस्थं च विवर्णं भोज्यं स्यान्मक्षिकांश्च मारयति |
पश्यति विकृतामथवा लवणाक्ते फेनमाला स्यात् ||१११||
पश्यति विकृतामथवा लवणाक्ते फेनमाला स्यात् ||१११||
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pātrasthaṁ ca vivarṇaṁ bhōjyaṁ syānmakṣikāṁśca mārayati|
pātrasthaṁ ca vivarṇaṁ bhōjyaṁ syānmakṣikāṁśca mārayati|
pashyati vikRutAmathavA lavaNAkte phenamAlA syAt ||111||
pashyati vikRutAmathavA lavaNAkte phenamAlA syAt ||111||
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The poisoned food when kept in a pot gets discolored, and flies sitting on it die. When this poisoned food is seen by crows, their voice becomes feeble, and when the ''chakor'' bird sees it, its eyes become discolored from the normal red colored.
The poisoned food when kept in a pot gets discolored, and flies sitting on it die. When this poisoned food is seen by crows, their voice becomes feeble, and when the ''chakor'' bird sees it, its eyes become discolored from the normal red colored.
==== Effects of food poisoning ====
==== Effects of food poisoning ====
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पानान्नयोःसविषयोर्गन्धेन शिरोरुग्घृति च मूर्च्छा च |
पानान्नयोःसविषयोर्गन्धेन शिरोरुग्घृति च मूर्च्छा च |
केशच्युतिः शिरोरुग्ग्रन्थयश्च सविषेऽथ शिरोभ्यङ्गे ||११६||
केशच्युतिः शिरोरुग्ग्रन्थयश्च सविषेऽथ शिरोभ्यङ्गे ||११६||
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pānānnayōḥsaviṣayōrgandhēna śirōrugghr̥di ca mūrcchā ca|
pānānnayōḥsaviṣayōrgandhēna śirōrugghr̥di ca mūrcchā ca|
keshacyutiH shiroruggranthayashca saviShe~atha shirobhya~gge ||116||
keshacyutiH shiroruggranthayashca saviShe~atha shirobhya~gge ||116||
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The smell of poisoned food and drinks causes headache, pain in the cardiac region and unconsciousness. If they are touched, cause edema and numbness in the hands, burning sensation and pricking pain in the fingers, and cracking of the nails.
The smell of poisoned food and drinks causes headache, pain in the cardiac region and unconsciousness. If they are touched, cause edema and numbness in the hands, burning sensation and pricking pain in the fingers, and cracking of the nails.
==== Clinical features of poison through various routes of consumption/exposure ====
==== Clinical features of poison through various routes of consumption/exposure ====
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दुष्टेऽञ्जनेऽक्षिदाहस्रावात्युपदेहशोथरागाश्च |
दुष्टेऽञ्जनेऽक्षिदाहस्रावात्युपदेहशोथरागाश्च |
इति मूलविषविशेषाः प्रोक्ताः |१२३|
इति मूलविषविशेषाः प्रोक्ताः |१२३|
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duṣṭē'ñjanē'kṣidāhasrāvātyupadēhaśōtharāgāśca|
duṣṭē'ñjanē'kṣidāhasrāvātyupadēhaśōtharāgāśca|
iti mUlaviShavisheShAH proktAH |123|
iti mUlaviShavisheShAH proktAH |123|
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If the collyrium is poisoned, then the patient suffers from burning sensation, lacrimation and excess production of sticky material, edema and redness of the eyes.
If the collyrium is poisoned, then the patient suffers from burning sensation, lacrimation and excess production of sticky material, edema and redness of the eyes.
==== Description of snakes and poisoning ====
==== Description of snakes and poisoning ====
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शृणु जङ्गमस्यातः |
शृणु जङ्गमस्यातः |
सविशेषचिकित्सितमेवादौ तत्रोच्यते तु सर्पाणाम् ||१२३||
सविशेषचिकित्सितमेवादौ तत्रोच्यते तु सर्पाणाम् ||१२३||
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shRuNu ja~ggamasyAtaH |
shRuNu ja~ggamasyAtaH |
saviśēṣacikitsitamēvādau tatrōcyatē tu sarpāṇām||123||
saviśēṣacikitsitamēvādau tatrōcyatē tu sarpāṇām||123||
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Let us now discuss on the various aspects of animal poisoning. At first, let us discuss on the various aspects of snakes and the special treatment of ailments caused by the snake-bite. [123]
Let us now discuss on the various aspects of animal poisoning. At first, let us discuss on the various aspects of snakes and the special treatment of ailments caused by the snake-bite. [123]
==== Types of snakes and their effect on ''dosha'' ====
==== Types of snakes and their effect on ''dosha'' ====
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इह दर्वीकरः सर्पो मण्डली राजिमानिति |
इह दर्वीकरः सर्पो मण्डली राजिमानिति |
त्रयो यथाक्रमं वातपित्तश्लेष्मप्रकोपणाः ||१२४||
त्रयो यथाक्रमं वातपित्तश्लेष्मप्रकोपणाः ||१२४||
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iha darvIkaraH sarpo maNDalI rAjimAniti |
iha darvIkaraH sarpo maNDalI rAjimAniti |
trayō yathākramaṁ vātapittaślēṣmaprakōpaṇāḥ||124||
trayō yathākramaṁ vātapittaślēṣmaprakōpaṇāḥ||124||
</div></div>
Snakes are classified into three categories- ''darvikara, mandali'' and ''rajiman'' and they cause aggravation of ''vayu, pitta'' and ''kapha'' respectively.[124]
Snakes are classified into three categories- ''darvikara, mandali'' and ''rajiman'' and they cause aggravation of ''vayu, pitta'' and ''kapha'' respectively.[124]
==== Identification of snakes ====
==== Identification of snakes ====
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दर्वीकरः फणी ज्ञेयो मण्डली मण्डलाफणः |
दर्वीकरः फणी ज्ञेयो मण्डली मण्डलाफणः |
बिन्दुलेखविचित्राङ्गः पन्नगः स्यात्तु राजिमान् ||१२५||
बिन्दुलेखविचित्राङ्गः पन्नगः स्यात्तु राजिमान् ||१२५||
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darvIkaraH phaNI j~jeyo maNDalI maNDalAphaNaH |
darvIkaraH phaNI j~jeyo maNDalI maNDalAphaNaH |
bindulēkhavicitrāṅgaḥ pannagaḥ syāttu rājimān||125||
bindulēkhavicitrāṅgaḥ pannagaḥ syāttu rājimān||125||
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The ''darvikara'' snake has a hood; the ''mandali'' snakes are hoodless but possess rounded marks on their body whereas the ''rajiman'' type of snakes possess variegated spots and streaks on its body.[125]
The ''darvikara'' snake has a hood; the ''mandali'' snakes are hoodless but possess rounded marks on their body whereas the ''rajiman'' type of snakes possess variegated spots and streaks on its body.[125]
==== Properties of snake poisons ====
==== Properties of snake poisons ====
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विशेषाद्रूक्षकटुकमम्लोष्णं स्वादु शीतलम् |
विशेषाद्रूक्षकटुकमम्लोष्णं स्वादु शीतलम् |
विषं यथाक्रमं तेषां तस्माद्वातादिकोपनम् ||१२६||
विषं यथाक्रमं तेषां तस्माद्वातादिकोपनम् ||१२६||
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visheShAdrUkShakaTukamamloShNaM svAdu shItalam |
visheShAdrUkShakaTukamamloShNaM svAdu shItalam |
viṣaṁ yathākramaṁ tēṣāṁ tasmādvātādikōpanam||126||
viṣaṁ yathākramaṁ tēṣāṁ tasmādvātādikōpanam||126||
</div></div>
The poison of ''darvikara'' snake is ununctuous and pungent and due to this it vitiates the ''vata dosha''.
The poison of ''darvikara'' snake is ununctuous and pungent and due to this it vitiates the ''vata dosha''.
==== Characteristics of ''darvikara'' snake bite ====
==== Characteristics of ''darvikara'' snake bite ====
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दर्वीकरकृतो दंशः सूक्ष्मदंष्ट्रापदोऽसितः |
दर्वीकरकृतो दंशः सूक्ष्मदंष्ट्रापदोऽसितः |
निरुद्धरक्तः कूर्माभो वातव्याधिकरो मतः ||१२७||
निरुद्धरक्तः कूर्माभो वातव्याधिकरो मतः ||१२७||
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darvīkarakr̥tō daṁśaḥ sūkṣmadaṁṣṭrāpadō'sitaḥ|
darvīkarakr̥tō daṁśaḥ sūkṣmadaṁṣṭrāpadō'sitaḥ|
niruddharaktaH kUrmAbho vAtavyAdhikaro mataH ||127||
niruddharaktaH kUrmAbho vAtavyAdhikaro mataH ||127||
</div></div>
The bite by the ''darvikara sarpa'' is characterized by minute fang marks, is black, there is absence of bleeding, swelling having the shape of back of a tortoise and it produces several disorders due to aggravation of ''vata''.[127]
The bite by the ''darvikara sarpa'' is characterized by minute fang marks, is black, there is absence of bleeding, swelling having the shape of back of a tortoise and it produces several disorders due to aggravation of ''vata''.[127]
==== Characteristics of ''mandali'' snake bite ====
==== Characteristics of ''mandali'' snake bite ====
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पृथ्वर्पितः सशोथश्च दंशो मण्डलिना कृतः |
पृथ्वर्पितः सशोथश्च दंशो मण्डलिना कृतः |
पीताभः पीतरक्तश्च सर्वपित्तविकारकृत् ||१२८||
पीताभः पीतरक्तश्च सर्वपित्तविकारकृत् ||१२८||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
pr̥thvarpitaḥ saśōthaśca daṁśō maṇḍalinā kr̥taḥ|
pr̥thvarpitaḥ saśōthaśca daṁśō maṇḍalinā kr̥taḥ|
pItAbhaH pItaraktashca sarvapittavikArakRut ||128||
pItAbhaH pItaraktashca sarvapittavikArakRut ||128||
</div></div>
The fang marks due to the bite by ''mandali sarpa'' is deep, the wound is spread over a large surface area, associated with edema. There is yellowish discoloration at the site of bite and the exudates at the bite site are yellowish and bloody. They cause several other disorders due to aggravation of ''pitta''.[128]
The fang marks due to the bite by ''mandali sarpa'' is deep, the wound is spread over a large surface area, associated with edema. There is yellowish discoloration at the site of bite and the exudates at the bite site are yellowish and bloody. They cause several other disorders due to aggravation of ''pitta''.[128]
==== Characteristics of ''rajimana'' snake bite ====
==== Characteristics of ''rajimana'' snake bite ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
कृतो राजिमता दंशः पिच्छिलः स्थिरशोफकृत् |
कृतो राजिमता दंशः पिच्छिलः स्थिरशोफकृत् |
स्निग्धः पाण्डुश्च सान्द्रासृक् श्लेष्मव्याधिसमीरणः ||१२९||
स्निग्धः पाण्डुश्च सान्द्रासृक् श्लेष्मव्याधिसमीरणः ||१२९||
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kr̥tō rājimatā daṁśaḥ picchilaḥ sthiraśōphakr̥t|
kr̥tō rājimatā daṁśaḥ picchilaḥ sthiraśōphakr̥t|
snigdhaH pANDushca sAndrAsRuk shleShmavyAdhisamIraNaH ||129||
snigdhaH pANDushca sAndrAsRuk shleShmavyAdhisamIraNaH ||129||
</div></div>
The bite by the ''rajimana sarpa'' is characterized by a soft and stable edema.The bite site is unctuous and pale. The bloody exudates coming from the bite site is thick and several disorders due to aggravation of ''kapha'' are produced. [129]
The bite by the ''rajimana sarpa'' is characterized by a soft and stable edema.The bite site is unctuous and pale. The bloody exudates coming from the bite site is thick and several disorders due to aggravation of ''kapha'' are produced. [129]
==== Gender wise characteristics of snakes ====
==== Gender wise characteristics of snakes ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
वृत्तभोगो महाकायः श्वसन्नूर्ध्वेक्षणः पुमान् |
वृत्तभोगो महाकायः श्वसन्नूर्ध्वेक्षणः पुमान् |
क्लीबस्त्रसत्यधोदृष्टिः स्वरहीनः प्रकम्पते |
क्लीबस्त्रसत्यधोदृष्टिः स्वरहीनः प्रकम्पते |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
vr̥ttabhōgō mahākāyaḥ śvasannūrdhvēkṣaṇaḥ pumān|
vr̥ttabhōgō mahākāyaḥ śvasannūrdhvēkṣaṇaḥ pumān|
klIbastrasatyadhodRuShTiH svarahInaH prakampate |
klIbastrasatyadhodRuShTiH svarahInaH prakampate |
</div></div>
The snake which is round coiled has a large body, that hisses loudly, that which looks upward, has a large head and an even body is a male. The ones with an opposite characteristics is a female. The eunuch snake is timid in nature.[130]
The snake which is round coiled has a large body, that hisses loudly, that which looks upward, has a large head and an even body is a male. The ones with an opposite characteristics is a female. The eunuch snake is timid in nature.[130]
==== Differentiation in features in snake bite of different genders ====
==== Differentiation in features in snake bite of different genders ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
स्त्रिया दष्टो विपर्यस्तैरेतैः पुंसा नरो मतः ||१३१||
स्त्रिया दष्टो विपर्यस्तैरेतैः पुंसा नरो मतः ||१३१||
इत्येतदुक्तं सर्पाणां स्त्रीपुङ्क्लीबनिदर्शनम् ||१३२||
इत्येतदुक्तं सर्पाणां स्त्रीपुङ्क्लीबनिदर्शनम् ||१३२||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
striyā daṣṭō viparyastairētaiḥ puṁsā narō mataḥ||131||
striyā daṣṭō viparyastairētaiḥ puṁsā narō mataḥ||131||
ityetaduktaM sarpANAM strIpu~gklIbanidarshanam ||132||
ityetaduktaM sarpANAM strIpu~gklIbanidarshanam ||132||
</div></div>
The patient bitten by a female snake looks downwards, has feeble voice and trembles. In a patient bitten by a male snake, the features contrary to the above are found.if mixed characters is found, one should be known as bitten by an eunuch snake.Thus characters of female, male and eunuch snakes are said.[131-132]
The patient bitten by a female snake looks downwards, has feeble voice and trembles. In a patient bitten by a male snake, the features contrary to the above are found.if mixed characters is found, one should be known as bitten by an eunuch snake.Thus characters of female, male and eunuch snakes are said.[131-132]
==== Bite of a pregnant snake ====
==== Bite of a pregnant snake ====
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पाण्डुवक्त्रस्तु गर्भिण्या शूनौष्ठोऽप्यसितेक्षणः |
पाण्डुवक्त्रस्तु गर्भिण्या शूनौष्ठोऽप्यसितेक्षणः |
जृम्भाक्रोधोपजिह्वार्तः सूतया रक्तमूत्रवान् ||१३३||
जृम्भाक्रोधोपजिह्वार्तः सूतया रक्तमूत्रवान् ||१३३||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
pāṇḍuvaktrastu garbhiṇyā śūnauṣṭhō'pyasitēkṣaṇaḥ|
pāṇḍuvaktrastu garbhiṇyā śūnauṣṭhō'pyasitēkṣaṇaḥ|
jRumbhAkrodhopajihvArtaH sUtayA raktamUtravAn ||133||
jRumbhAkrodhopajihvArtaH sUtayA raktamUtravAn ||133||
</div></div>
If one is bitten by a pregnant snake, he suffers from paleness of face, swelling in the lips and blackness of eyes. If one is bitten by a puerperant snake, he suffers from yawning, anger, ''upajivhika'' and hematuria. [133]
If one is bitten by a pregnant snake, he suffers from paleness of face, swelling in the lips and blackness of eyes. If one is bitten by a puerperant snake, he suffers from yawning, anger, ''upajivhika'' and hematuria. [133]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
सर्पो गौधेर(य)को नाम गोधायां स्याच्चतुष्पदः |
सर्पो गौधेर(य)को नाम गोधायां स्याच्चतुष्पदः |
कृष्णसर्पेण तुल्यः स्यान्नाना स्युर्मिश्रजातयः ||१३४||
कृष्णसर्पेण तुल्यः स्यान्नाना स्युर्मिश्रजातयः ||१३४||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
sarpō gaudhēra(ya)kō nāma gōdhāyāṁ syāccatuṣpadaḥ|
sarpō gaudhēra(ya)kō nāma gōdhāyāṁ syāccatuṣpadaḥ|
kRuShNasarpeNa tulyaH syAnnAnA syurmishrajAtayaH ||134||
kRuShNasarpeNa tulyaH syAnnAnA syurmishrajAtayaH ||134||
</div></div>
Quadruped serpent borne by a ''godha'' (type of reptile) is known as ''gaudheyaka''. This is similar to the ''darveekara sarpa''. Besides there are several other cross breeds seen in this variety. [134]
Quadruped serpent borne by a ''godha'' (type of reptile) is known as ''gaudheyaka''. This is similar to the ''darveekara sarpa''. Besides there are several other cross breeds seen in this variety. [134]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
गूढसम्पादितं वृत्तं पीडितं लम्बितार्पितम् |
गूढसम्पादितं वृत्तं पीडितं लम्बितार्पितम् |
सर्पितं च भृशाबाधं, दंशा योऽन्ये न ते भृशाः ||१३५||
सर्पितं च भृशाबाधं, दंशा योऽन्ये न ते भृशाः ||१३५||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
gūḍhasampāditaṁ vr̥ttaṁ pīḍitaṁ lambitārpitam|
gūḍhasampāditaṁ vr̥ttaṁ pīḍitaṁ lambitārpitam|
sarpitaM ca bhRushAbAdhaM, daMshA yo~anye na te bhRushAH ||135||
sarpitaM ca bhRushAbAdhaM, daMshA yo~anye na te bhRushAH ||135||
</div></div>
The bite which is deeply performed, elevated, painful, placed lengthwise and having marks of fangs and inflammation is very troublesome, while the other bites are not so much distressing.[135]
The bite which is deeply performed, elevated, painful, placed lengthwise and having marks of fangs and inflammation is very troublesome, while the other bites are not so much distressing.[135]
==== Characters of snakes of different ages ====
==== Characters of snakes of different ages ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
तरुणाः कृष्णसर्पास्तु गोनसाः स्थविरास्तथा |
तरुणाः कृष्णसर्पास्तु गोनसाः स्थविरास्तथा |
राजिमन्तो वयोमध्ये भवन्त्याशीविषोपमाः ||१३६||
राजिमन्तो वयोमध्ये भवन्त्याशीविषोपमाः ||१३६||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
taruṇāḥ kr̥ṣṇasarpāstu gōnasāḥ sthavirāstathā|
taruṇāḥ kr̥ṣṇasarpāstu gōnasāḥ sthavirāstathā|
rAjimanto vayomadhye bhavantyAshIviShopamAH ||136||
rAjimanto vayomadhye bhavantyAshIviShopamAH ||136||
</div></div>
Black snakes in young age, ''gonasa'' in old age, ''rajimana'' in middle age are like a ''sivisha'' (dreadful snakes with poisoned vision and breadth).[136]
Black snakes in young age, ''gonasa'' in old age, ''rajimana'' in middle age are like a ''sivisha'' (dreadful snakes with poisoned vision and breadth).[136]
==== Fangs of snakes ====
==== Fangs of snakes ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
सर्पदंष्ट्राश्चतस्रस्तु तासां वामाधरा सिता |
सर्पदंष्ट्राश्चतस्रस्तु तासां वामाधरा सिता |
पीता वामोत्तरा दंष्ट्रा रक्तश्यावाऽधरोत्तरा ||१३७||
पीता वामोत्तरा दंष्ट्रा रक्तश्यावाऽधरोत्तरा ||१३७||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
sarpadaṁṣṭrāścatasrastu tāsāṁ vāmādharā sitā|
sarpadaṁṣṭrāścatasrastu tāsāṁ vāmādharā sitā|
pItA vAmottarA daMShTrA raktashyAvA~adharottarA ||137||
pItA vAmottarA daMShTrA raktashyAvA~adharottarA ||137||
</div></div>
The fangs of snakes are four in number. Out of them left upper is white, left lower is yellow, right lower is red and right upper is blackish.[137]
The fangs of snakes are four in number. Out of them left upper is white, left lower is yellow, right lower is red and right upper is blackish.[137]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
यन्मात्रः पतते बिन्दुर्गोबालात् सलिलोद्धृतात् |
यन्मात्रः पतते बिन्दुर्गोबालात् सलिलोद्धृतात् |
वामाधरायां दंष्ट्रायां तन्मात्रं स्यादहेर्विषम् ||१३८||
वामाधरायां दंष्ट्रायां तन्मात्रं स्यादहेर्विषम् ||१३८||
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yanmātraḥ patatē bindurgōbālāt salilōddhr̥tāt|
yanmātraḥ patatē bindurgōbālāt salilōddhr̥tāt|
vAmAdharAyAM daMShTrAyAM tanmAtraM syAdaherviSham ||138||
vAmAdharAyAM daMShTrAyAM tanmAtraM syAdaherviSham ||138||
</div></div>
The snake venom is equal in quantity with a drop falls from a cow’s hair taken out of water. It is located in the left lower fang of snake. [138]
The snake venom is equal in quantity with a drop falls from a cow’s hair taken out of water. It is located in the left lower fang of snake. [138]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
एकद्वित्रिचतुर्वृद्धविषभागोत्तरोत्तराः |
एकद्वित्रिचतुर्वृद्धविषभागोत्तरोत्तराः |
सवर्णास्तत्कृता दंशा बहूत्तरविषा भृशाः ||१३९||
सवर्णास्तत्कृता दंशा बहूत्तरविषा भृशाः ||१३९||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
ēkadvitricaturvr̥ddhaviṣabhāgōttarōttarāḥ|
ēkadvitricaturvr̥ddhaviṣabhāgōttarōttarāḥ|
savarNAstatkRutA daMshA bahUttaraviShA bhRushAH ||139||
savarNAstatkRutA daMshA bahUttaraviShA bhRushAH ||139||
</div></div>
The bites caused by fangs have the quantity of poison increased in progressive order and are similar (to fangs) in color. The later ones have profuse poison and are very troublesome.[139]
The bites caused by fangs have the quantity of poison increased in progressive order and are similar (to fangs) in color. The later ones have profuse poison and are very troublesome.[139]
==== ''Dooshi visha'' (slowly acting poison) ====
==== ''Dooshi visha'' (slowly acting poison) ====
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सर्पाणामेव विण्मूत्रात् कीटाः स्युः कीटसम्मताः |
सर्पाणामेव विण्मूत्रात् कीटाः स्युः कीटसम्मताः |
दूषीविषाः प्राणहरा इति सङ्क्षेपतो मताः ||१४०||
दूषीविषाः प्राणहरा इति सङ्क्षेपतो मताः ||१४०||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
sarpāṇāmēva viṇmūtrāt kīṭāḥ syuḥ kīṭasammatāḥ|
sarpāṇāmēva viṇmūtrāt kīṭāḥ syuḥ kīṭasammatāḥ|
dUShIviShAH prANaharA iti sa~gkShepato matAH ||140||
dUShIviShAH prANaharA iti sa~gkShepato matAH ||140||
</div></div>
From the feces and urine of snakes themselves, insects arise which are of two kinds- ''dooshivisha'' (slowly acting poison) and ''pranahara'' ( acutely acting deadly poison).[140]
From the feces and urine of snakes themselves, insects arise which are of two kinds- ''dooshivisha'' (slowly acting poison) and ''pranahara'' ( acutely acting deadly poison).[140]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
गात्रं रक्तं सितं कृष्णं श्यावं वा पिडकान्वितम् |
गात्रं रक्तं सितं कृष्णं श्यावं वा पिडकान्वितम् |
कीटैर्दूषीविषैर्दष्टं
कीटैर्दूषीविषैर्दष्टं
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
gātraṁ raktaṁ sitaṁ kr̥ṣṇaṁ śyāvaṁ vā piḍakānvitam|
gātraṁ raktaṁ sitaṁ kr̥ṣṇaṁ śyāvaṁ vā piḍakānvitam|
kITairdUShIviShairdaShTaM
kITairdUShIviShairdaShTaM
</div></div>
The bites of ''dooshivisha'' insects shows the signs and symptoms as the part become red, white, black or blackish, covered with boils, associated with itching, burning, spreading and inflammation and gets ''necrosed''.[141]
The bites of ''dooshivisha'' insects shows the signs and symptoms as the part become red, white, black or blackish, covered with boils, associated with itching, burning, spreading and inflammation and gets ''necrosed''.[141]
==== Bad prognostic fatal signs ====
==== Bad prognostic fatal signs ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
लिङ्गं प्राणहरं शृणु |
लिङ्गं प्राणहरं शृणु |
तृष्णारुचिपरीतश्च भवेद्दूषीविषार्दितः ||१४३||
तृष्णारुचिपरीतश्च भवेद्दूषीविषार्दितः ||१४३||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
liṅgaṁ prāṇaharaṁ śr̥ṇu|
liṅgaṁ prāṇaharaṁ śr̥ṇu|
tRuShNAruciparItashca bhaveddUShIviShArditaH ||143||
tRuShNAruciparItashca bhaveddUShIviShArditaH ||143||
</div></div>
Now listen to the symptoms of deadly poison. The swelling increases as in snake bite, the bitten spot contains blood with intense odor, there is heaviness in eyes, fainting, pain, dyspnea, thirst and anorexia. [142-143]
Now listen to the symptoms of deadly poison. The swelling increases as in snake bite, the bitten spot contains blood with intense odor, there is heaviness in eyes, fainting, pain, dyspnea, thirst and anorexia. [142-143]
==== Characteristics of insect bite with ''dooshi visha'' ====
==== Characteristics of insect bite with ''dooshi visha'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
दंशस्य मध्ये यत् कृष्णं श्यावं वा जालकावृतम् |
दंशस्य मध्ये यत् कृष्णं श्यावं वा जालकावृतम् |
दूषीविषाभिर्लूताभिस्तं दष्टमिति निर्दिशेत् |
दूषीविषाभिर्लूताभिस्तं दष्टमिति निर्दिशेत् |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
daṁśasya madhyē yat kr̥ṣṇaṁ śyāvaṁ vā jālakāvr̥tam|
daṁśasya madhyē yat kr̥ṣṇaṁ śyāvaṁ vā jālakāvr̥tam|
dUShIviShAbhirlUtAbhistaM daShTamiti nirdishet |
dUShIviShAbhirlUtAbhistaM daShTamiti nirdishet |
</div></div>
The bite is black or blackish in center, covered with membrane, burn like, exceedingly inflaming and associated with moistening, swelling and fever. These are the signs and symptoms of bite by ''Dooshivisha Lootha'' (spider).[144]
The bite is black or blackish in center, covered with membrane, burn like, exceedingly inflaming and associated with moistening, swelling and fever. These are the signs and symptoms of bite by ''Dooshivisha Lootha'' (spider).[144]
==== General features ====
==== General features ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
सर्वासामेव तासां च दंशे लक्षणमुच्यते ||१४५||
सर्वासामेव तासां च दंशे लक्षणमुच्यते ||१४५||
प्राणान्तिको भवेच्छ्वासो दाहहिक्काशिरोग्रहाः ||१४६||
प्राणान्तिको भवेच्छ्वासो दाहहिक्काशिरोग्रहाः ||१४६||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
sarvāsāmēva tāsāṁ ca daṁśē lakṣaṇamucyatē||145||
sarvāsāmēva tāsāṁ ca daṁśē lakṣaṇamucyatē||145||
prANAntiko bhavecchvAso dAhahikkAshirograhAH ||146||
prANAntiko bhavecchvAso dAhahikkAshirograhAH ||146||
</div></div>
In general the following are the signs and symptoms of spider bite-swelling, boils, white-black-red or yellow, fever, terrible dyspnea, burning sensation, hiccups and stiffness in head.[146]
In general the following are the signs and symptoms of spider bite-swelling, boils, white-black-red or yellow, fever, terrible dyspnea, burning sensation, hiccups and stiffness in head.[146]
==== Characteristics of rat bite ====
==== Characteristics of rat bite ====
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आदंशाच्छोणितं पाण्डु मण्डलानि ज्वरोऽरुचिः |
आदंशाच्छोणितं पाण्डु मण्डलानि ज्वरोऽरुचिः |
लोमहर्षश्च दाहश्चाप्याखुदूषीविषार्दिते ||१४७||
लोमहर्षश्च दाहश्चाप्याखुदूषीविषार्दिते ||१४७||
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ādaṁśācchōṇitaṁ pāṇḍu maṇḍalāni jvarō'ruciḥ|
ādaṁśācchōṇitaṁ pāṇḍu maṇḍalāni jvarō'ruciḥ|
lomaharShashca dAhashcApyAkhudUShIviShArdite ||147||
lomaharShashca dAhashcApyAkhudUShIviShArdite ||147||
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Pale blood coming out in the region of bite, rashes, fever, anorexia, horripilation and burning sensation- these are the signs and symptoms in the bite by the ''dooshi visha'' rats. [147]
Pale blood coming out in the region of bite, rashes, fever, anorexia, horripilation and burning sensation- these are the signs and symptoms in the bite by the ''dooshi visha'' rats. [147]
==== Features of rat bite ====
==== Features of rat bite ====
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मूर्च्छाङ्गशोथवैवर्ण्यक्लेदशब्दाश्रुतिज्वराः |
मूर्च्छाङ्गशोथवैवर्ण्यक्लेदशब्दाश्रुतिज्वराः |
शिरोगुरुत्वं लालासृक्छर्दिश्चासाध्यमूषिकैः ||१४८||
शिरोगुरुत्वं लालासृक्छर्दिश्चासाध्यमूषिकैः ||१४८||
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mūrcchāṅgaśōthavaivarṇyaklēdaśabdāśrutijvarāḥ|
mūrcchāṅgaśōthavaivarṇyaklēdaśabdāśrutijvarāḥ|
shirogurutvaM lAlAsRukchardishcAsAdhyamUShikaiH ||148||
shirogurutvaM lAlAsRukchardishcAsAdhyamUShikaiH ||148||
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In incurable rat poisoning there is fainting, swelling in the part, discoloration, moistening, deafness, fever, heaviness in head, salivation and hematemesis.[148]
In incurable rat poisoning there is fainting, swelling in the part, discoloration, moistening, deafness, fever, heaviness in head, salivation and hematemesis.[148]
==== Characteristics of chameleon bite ====
==== Characteristics of chameleon bite ====
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श्यावत्वमथ कार्ष्ण्यं वा नानावर्णत्वमेव वा |
श्यावत्वमथ कार्ष्ण्यं वा नानावर्णत्वमेव वा |
मोहः पुरीषभेदश्च दष्टे स्यात् कृकलासकैः ||१४९||
मोहः पुरीषभेदश्च दष्टे स्यात् कृकलासकैः ||१४९||
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śyāvatvamatha kārṣṇyaṁ vā nānāvarṇatvamēva vā|
śyāvatvamatha kārṣṇyaṁ vā nānāvarṇatvamēva vā|
mohaH purIShabhedashca daShTe syAt kRukalAsakaiH ||149||
mohaH purIShabhedashca daShTe syAt kRukalAsakaiH ||149||
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In bite by chameleon, there is blackish discoloration or other discoloration, mental confusion and diarrhea. [149]
In bite by chameleon, there is blackish discoloration or other discoloration, mental confusion and diarrhea. [149]
==== Characteristics of scorpion bite ====
==== Characteristics of scorpion bite ====
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दहत्यग्निरिवादौ तु भिनत्तीवोर्ध्वमाशु च |
दहत्यग्निरिवादौ तु भिनत्तीवोर्ध्वमाशु च |
वृश्चिकस्य विषं याति दंशे पश्चात्तु तिष्ठति ||१५०||
वृश्चिकस्य विषं याति दंशे पश्चात्तु तिष्ठति ||१५०||
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dahatyagnirivādau tu bhinattīvōrdhvamāśu ca|
dahatyagnirivādau tu bhinattīvōrdhvamāśu ca|
vRushcikasya viShaM yAti daMshe pashcAttu tiShThati ||150||
vRushcikasya viShaM yAti daMshe pashcAttu tiShThati ||150||
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In scorpion bite, at first the part as if burns like fire and the poison moves upwards very quickly with tearing pain and later on becomes stationed in the bitten part.[150]
In scorpion bite, at first the part as if burns like fire and the poison moves upwards very quickly with tearing pain and later on becomes stationed in the bitten part.[150]
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दष्टोऽसाध्यस्तु दृग्घ्राणरसनोपहतो नरः |
दष्टोऽसाध्यस्तु दृग्घ्राणरसनोपहतो नरः |
मांसैः पतद्भिरत्यर्थं वेदनार्तो जहात्यसून् ||१५१||
मांसैः पतद्भिरत्यर्थं वेदनार्तो जहात्यसून् ||१५१||
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daṣṭō'sādhyastu dr̥gghrāṇarasanōpahatō [1] naraḥ|
daṣṭō'sādhyastu dr̥gghrāṇarasanōpahatō [1] naraḥ|
mAMsaiH patadbhiratyarthaM vedanArto jahAtyasUn ||151||
mAMsaiH patadbhiratyarthaM vedanArto jahAtyasUn ||151||
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If bitten by scorpion with incurable poison the patient loses the senses of vision, smell and taste, has flesh falling down excessively, suffers from intense pain and finally dies.[151]
If bitten by scorpion with incurable poison the patient loses the senses of vision, smell and taste, has flesh falling down excessively, suffers from intense pain and finally dies.[151]
==== Characteristics of hornet bite ====
==== Characteristics of hornet bite ====
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विसर्पः श्वयथुः शूलं ज्वरश्छर्दिरथापि च |
विसर्पः श्वयथुः शूलं ज्वरश्छर्दिरथापि च |
लक्षणं कणभैर्दष्टे दंशश्चैव विशीर्यते ||१५२||
लक्षणं कणभैर्दष्टे दंशश्चैव विशीर्यते ||१५२||
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visarpaḥ śvayathuḥ śūlaṁ jvaraśchardirathāpi ca|
visarpaḥ śvayathuḥ śūlaṁ jvaraśchardirathāpi ca|
lakShaNaM kaNabhairdaShTe daMshashcaiva vishIryate ||152||
lakShaNaM kaNabhairdaShTe daMshashcaiva vishIryate ||152||
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Spreading affliction, swelling, pain, fever, vomiting and decomposition of the bitten part- these are the symptoms of hornet bite.[152]
Spreading affliction, swelling, pain, fever, vomiting and decomposition of the bitten part- these are the symptoms of hornet bite.[152]
==== Characteristics of crab bite ====
==== Characteristics of crab bite ====
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हृष्टरोमोच्चिटिङ्गेन स्तब्धलिङ्गो भृशार्तिमान् |
हृष्टरोमोच्चिटिङ्गेन स्तब्धलिङ्गो भृशार्तिमान् |
दष्टः शीतोदकेनेव सिक्तान्यङ्गानि मन्यते ||१५३||
दष्टः शीतोदकेनेव सिक्तान्यङ्गानि मन्यते ||१५३||
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hr̥ṣṭarōmōcciṭiṅgēna stabdhaliṅgō bhr̥śārtimān|
hr̥ṣṭarōmōcciṭiṅgēna stabdhaliṅgō bhr̥śārtimān|
daShTaH shItodakeneva siktAnya~ggAni manyate ||153||
daShTaH shItodakeneva siktAnya~ggAni manyate ||153||
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If bitten by ''uchittinga'' (crab), the patient suffers from horripilation, stiffness of penis, intense pain, and feels as if the body parts are sprinkled over by cold water. [153]
If bitten by ''uchittinga'' (crab), the patient suffers from horripilation, stiffness of penis, intense pain, and feels as if the body parts are sprinkled over by cold water. [153]
==== Characteristics of frog bite ====
==== Characteristics of frog bite ====
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एकदंष्ट्रार्दितः शूनः सरुक् स्यात् पीतकः सतृट् |
एकदंष्ट्रार्दितः शूनः सरुक् स्यात् पीतकः सतृट् |
छर्दिर्निद्रा च मण्डूकैः सविषैर्दष्टलक्षणम् ||१५४||
छर्दिर्निद्रा च मण्डूकैः सविषैर्दष्टलक्षणम् ||१५४||
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ēkadaṁṣṭrārditaḥ śūnaḥ saruk syāt pītakaḥ satr̥ṭ|
ēkadaṁṣṭrārditaḥ śūnaḥ saruk syāt pītakaḥ satr̥ṭ|
chardirnidrA ca maNDUkaiH saviShairdaShTalakShaNam ||154||
chardirnidrA ca maNDUkaiH saviShairdaShTalakShaNam ||154||
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If bitten by poisonous frogs, the part is pierced with single fang, is swollen, painful and yellow associated with general symptoms like thirst, vomiting and sleep.[154]
If bitten by poisonous frogs, the part is pierced with single fang, is swollen, painful and yellow associated with general symptoms like thirst, vomiting and sleep.[154]
==== Effects of poisonous fish ====
==== Effects of poisonous fish ====
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मत्स्यास्तु सविषाः कुर्युर्दाहशोफरुजस्तथा |
मत्स्यास्तु सविषाः कुर्युर्दाहशोफरुजस्तथा |
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matsyāstu saviṣāḥ kuryurdāhaśōpharujastathā|
matsyāstu saviṣāḥ kuryurdāhaśōpharujastathā|
matsyAstu saviShAH kuryurdAhashopharujastathA |
matsyAstu saviShAH kuryurdAhashopharujastathA |
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The poisonous fish produce burning, swelling and pain.[155]
The poisonous fish produce burning, swelling and pain.[155]
==== Effects of poisonous leech ====
==== Effects of poisonous leech ====
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कण्डूं शोथं ज्वरं मूर्च्छां सविषास्तु जलौकसः ||१५५||
कण्डूं शोथं ज्वरं मूर्च्छां सविषास्तु जलौकसः ||१५५||
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Kaṇḍūṁ śōthaṁ jvaraṁ mūrcchāṁ saviṣāstu jalaukasaḥ||155||
Kaṇḍūṁ śōthaṁ jvaraṁ mūrcchāṁ saviṣāstu jalaukasaḥ||155||
kaNDUM shothaM jvaraM mUrcchAM saviShAstu jalaukasaH ||155||
kaNDUM shothaM jvaraM mUrcchAM saviShAstu jalaukasaH ||155||
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The poisonous leech causes itching, swelling, fever and fainting.[155]
The poisonous leech causes itching, swelling, fever and fainting.[155]
==== Effects of poisonous lizards ====
==== Effects of poisonous lizards ====
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दाहतोदस्वेदशोथकरी तु गृहगोधिका |
दाहतोदस्वेदशोथकरी तु गृहगोधिका |
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dāhatōdasvēdaśōthakarī tu gr̥hagōdhikā [2] |
dāhatōdasvēdaśōthakarī tu gr̥hagōdhikā [2] |
dAhatodasvedashothakarI tu gRuhagodhikA |
dAhatodasvedashothakarI tu gRuhagodhikA |
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The house lizard produces burning piercing pain, sweating and swelling. [156]
The house lizard produces burning piercing pain, sweating and swelling. [156]
==== Effects of poisonous centipede ====
==== Effects of poisonous centipede ====
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दंशे स्वेदं रुजं दाहं कुर्याच्छतपदीविषम् ||१५६||
दंशे स्वेदं रुजं दाहं कुर्याच्छतपदीविषम् ||१५६||
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daṁśē svēdaṁ rujaṁ dāhaṁ kuryācchatapadīviṣam||156||
daṁśē svēdaṁ rujaṁ dāhaṁ kuryācchatapadīviṣam||156||
daMshe svedaM rujaM dAhaM kuryAcchatapadIviSham ||156||
daMshe svedaM rujaM dAhaM kuryAcchatapadIviSham ||156||
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The poison of ''shatapadi'' (centipede) causes sweating pain and burning in the site of sting.[156]
The poison of ''shatapadi'' (centipede) causes sweating pain and burning in the site of sting.[156]
==== Effects of mosquito bite ====
==== Effects of mosquito bite ====
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कण्डूमान्मशकैरीषच्छोथः स्यान्मन्दवेदनः |
कण्डूमान्मशकैरीषच्छोथः स्यान्मन्दवेदनः |
असाध्यकीटसदृशमसाध्यमशकक्षतम् ||१५७||
असाध्यकीटसदृशमसाध्यमशकक्षतम् ||१५७||
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kaṇḍūmānmaśakairīṣacchōthaḥ syānmandavēdanaḥ|
kaṇḍūmānmaśakairīṣacchōthaḥ syānmandavēdanaḥ|
asAdhyakITasadRushamasAdhyamashakakShatam ||157||
asAdhyakITasadRushamasAdhyamashakakShatam ||157||
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By the sting of ''mashaka'' (mosquito) the site is affected with itching, slight swelling and mild pain. The sting of incurable mosquito poison causes symptoms similar to those in incurable insect bites.[157]
By the sting of ''mashaka'' (mosquito) the site is affected with itching, slight swelling and mild pain. The sting of incurable mosquito poison causes symptoms similar to those in incurable insect bites.[157]
==== Effects of bee sting ====
==== Effects of bee sting ====
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सद्यःप्रस्राविणी श्यावा दाहमूर्च्छाज्वरान्विता |
सद्यःप्रस्राविणी श्यावा दाहमूर्च्छाज्वरान्विता |
पीडका मक्षिकादंशे तासां तु स्थगिकाऽसुहृत् ||१५८||
पीडका मक्षिकादंशे तासां तु स्थगिकाऽसुहृत् ||१५८||
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sadyaḥprasrāviṇī śyāvā dāhamūrcchājvarānvitā|
sadyaḥprasrāviṇī śyāvā dāhamūrcchājvarānvitā|
pIDakA makShikAdaMshe tAsAM tu sthagikA~asuhRut ||158||
pIDakA makShikAdaMshe tAsAM tu sthagikA~asuhRut ||158||
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In ''makshika'' (bee) stings, there is pimple oozing quickly and blackish associated with general symptoms such as burning, fainting and fever. Of them ''sthagika'' bee is fatal.[158]
In ''makshika'' (bee) stings, there is pimple oozing quickly and blackish associated with general symptoms such as burning, fainting and fever. Of them ''sthagika'' bee is fatal.[158]
==== Prognosis as per place and time of bite ====
==== Prognosis as per place and time of bite ====
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श्मशानचैत्यवल्मीकयज्ञाश्रमसुरालये |
श्मशानचैत्यवल्मीकयज्ञाश्रमसुरालये |
विनश्यन्त्याशु सम्प्राप्ता दष्टाः सर्वेषु मर्मसु |१६१|
विनश्यन्त्याशु सम्प्राप्ता दष्टाः सर्वेषु मर्मसु |१६१|
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śmaśānacaityavalmīkayajñāśramasurālayē|
śmaśānacaityavalmīkayajñāśramasurālayē|
vinashyantyAshu samprAptA daShTAH sarveShu marmasu |161|
vinashyantyAshu samprAptA daShTAH sarveShu marmasu |161|
</div></div>
The persons bitten in cremation grounds, religious tree, anthill, sacrifices, hermitage, temple, on the last day of fortnight, in noon and on eighth day of the fortnight, in midnight and also in places of ''tantrika'' practices do not recover. Those inflicted by a ''sivisha'' serpents with poisons through vision, breath, excrement and touch and also those bitten in vital parts die soon.[159-161]
The persons bitten in cremation grounds, religious tree, anthill, sacrifices, hermitage, temple, on the last day of fortnight, in noon and on eighth day of the fortnight, in midnight and also in places of ''tantrika'' practices do not recover. Those inflicted by a ''sivisha'' serpents with poisons through vision, breath, excrement and touch and also those bitten in vital parts die soon.[159-161]
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(येन केनापि सर्पेण सम्भवः सर्व एव च) ||१६१||
(येन केनापि सर्पेण सम्भवः सर्व एव च) ||१६१||
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(yēna kēnāpi sarpēṇa sambhavaḥ sarva ēva ca)||161||
(yēna kēnāpi sarpēṇa sambhavaḥ sarva ēva ca)||161||
(yena kenApi sarpeNa sambhavaH sarva eva ca) ||161||
(yena kenApi sarpeNa sambhavaH sarva eva ca) ||161||
</div></div>
The above said is observed in bites by snakes as well as the insects born by them.[161]
The above said is observed in bites by snakes as well as the insects born by them.[161]
==== Aggravating factors of effects of poison ====
==== Aggravating factors of effects of poison ====
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भीतमत्ताबलोष्णक्षुत्तृषार्ते वर्धते विषम् |
भीतमत्ताबलोष्णक्षुत्तृषार्ते वर्धते विषम् |
विषं प्रकृतिकालौ च तुल्यौ प्राप्याल्पमन्यथा ||१६२||
विषं प्रकृतिकालौ च तुल्यौ प्राप्याल्पमन्यथा ||१६२||
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bhītamattābalōṣṇakṣuttr̥ṣārtē vardhatē viṣam|
bhītamattābalōṣṇakṣuttr̥ṣārtē vardhatē viṣam|
viShaM prakRutikAlau ca tulyau prApyAlpamanyathA ||162||
viShaM prakRutikAlau ca tulyau prApyAlpamanyathA ||162||
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Effect of poison aggravates in persons who are afraid, drunken, weak and afflicted with heat, hunger and thirst and also if the body constitution and time are similar. Otherwise it has mild effect.[162]
Effect of poison aggravates in persons who are afraid, drunken, weak and afflicted with heat, hunger and thirst and also if the body constitution and time are similar. Otherwise it has mild effect.[162]
==== Snakes with mild poisonous effect ====
==== Snakes with mild poisonous effect ====
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वारिविप्रहताः क्षीणा भीता नकुलनिर्जिताः |
वारिविप्रहताः क्षीणा भीता नकुलनिर्जिताः |
वृद्धा बालास्त्वचो मुक्ताः सर्पा मन्दविषाः स्मृताः ||१६३||
वृद्धा बालास्त्वचो मुक्ताः सर्पा मन्दविषाः स्मृताः ||१६३||
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vāriviprahatāḥ kṣīṇā bhītā nakulanirjitāḥ|
vāriviprahatāḥ kṣīṇā bhītā nakulanirjitāḥ|
vRuddhA bAlAstvaco muktAH sarpA mandaviShAH smRutAH ||163||
vRuddhA bAlAstvaco muktAH sarpA mandaviShAH smRutAH ||163||
</div></div>
The snakes which are affected with water, are weak, terrorized, defeated by mongoose, old, of tender age, sloughed are known as having mild poison.[163]
The snakes which are affected with water, are weak, terrorized, defeated by mongoose, old, of tender age, sloughed are known as having mild poison.[163]
==== Effect of anger, hunger and fear on releasing snake poison ====
==== Effect of anger, hunger and fear on releasing snake poison ====
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सर्वदेहाश्रितं क्रोधाद्विषं सर्पो विमुञ्चति |
सर्वदेहाश्रितं क्रोधाद्विषं सर्पो विमुञ्चति |
तदेवाहारहेतोर्वा भयाद्वा न प्रमुञ्चति ||१६४||
तदेवाहारहेतोर्वा भयाद्वा न प्रमुञ्चति ||१६४||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
sarvadēhāśritaṁ krōdhādviṣaṁ sarpō vimuñcati|
sarvadēhāśritaṁ krōdhādviṣaṁ sarpō vimuñcati|
tadevAhArahetorvA bhayAdvA na pramu~jcati ||164||
tadevAhArahetorvA bhayAdvA na pramu~jcati ||164||
</div></div>
The poison though situated in whole body is released by the snake when angry, but the same is not released due to hunger or fear.[164]
The poison though situated in whole body is released by the snake when angry, but the same is not released due to hunger or fear.[164]
==== ''Dosha'' dominance in insects poison ====
==== ''Dosha'' dominance in insects poison ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
वातोल्बणविषाः प्राय उच्चिटिङ्गाः सवृश्चिकाः |
वातोल्बणविषाः प्राय उच्चिटिङ्गाः सवृश्चिकाः |
वातपित्तोल्बणाः कीटाः श्लैष्मिकाः कणभादयः ||१६५||
वातपित्तोल्बणाः कीटाः श्लैष्मिकाः कणभादयः ||१६५||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
vātōlbaṇaviṣāḥ prāya ucciṭiṅgāḥ savr̥ścikāḥ|
vātōlbaṇaviṣāḥ prāya ucciṭiṅgāḥ savr̥ścikāḥ|
vAtapittolbaNAH kITAH shlaiShmikAH kaNabhAdayaH ||165||
vAtapittolbaNAH kITAH shlaiShmikAH kaNabhAdayaH ||165||
</div></div>
Poisons of crab and scorpion are predominant in ''vata'', those of ''keeta'' (insects) are predominant in ''vata'' and ''pitta'' and ''kanabha'' (hornets) etc. are predominant in ''kapha''.[165]
Poisons of crab and scorpion are predominant in ''vata'', those of ''keeta'' (insects) are predominant in ''vata'' and ''pitta'' and ''kanabha'' (hornets) etc. are predominant in ''kapha''.[165]
==== Treatment as per ''dosha'' dominance ====
==== Treatment as per ''dosha'' dominance ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
यस्य यस्य हि दोषस्य लिङ्गाधिक्यानि लक्षयेत् |
यस्य यस्य हि दोषस्य लिङ्गाधिक्यानि लक्षयेत् |
तस्य तस्यौषधैः कुर्याद्विपरीतगुणैः क्रियाम् ||१६६||
तस्य तस्यौषधैः कुर्याद्विपरीतगुणैः क्रियाम् ||१६६||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
yasya yasya hi dōṣasya liṅgādhikyāni lakṣayēt|
yasya yasya hi dōṣasya liṅgādhikyāni lakṣayēt|
tasya tasyauShadhaiH kuryAdviparItaguNaiH kriyAm ||166||
tasya tasyauShadhaiH kuryAdviparItaguNaiH kriyAm ||166||
</div></div>
Treatment is given with the measures having qualities contrary to those of the ''dosha'' exhibiting predominant symptoms.[166]
Treatment is given with the measures having qualities contrary to those of the ''dosha'' exhibiting predominant symptoms.[166]
==== Clinical effects of ''vata'' dominant ''visha'' ====
==== Clinical effects of ''vata'' dominant ''visha'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
हृत्पीडोर्ध्वानिलः स्तम्भः सिरायामोऽस्थिपर्वरुक् |
हृत्पीडोर्ध्वानिलः स्तम्भः सिरायामोऽस्थिपर्वरुक् |
घूर्णनोद्वेष्टनं गात्रश्यावता वातिके विषे ||१६७||
घूर्णनोद्वेष्टनं गात्रश्यावता वातिके विषे ||१६७||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
hr̥tpīḍōrdhvānilaḥ stambhaḥ sirāyāmō'sthiparvaruk|
hr̥tpīḍōrdhvānilaḥ stambhaḥ sirāyāmō'sthiparvaruk|
ghUrNanodveShTanaM gAtrashyAvatA vAtike viShe ||167||
ghUrNanodveShTanaM gAtrashyAvatA vAtike viShe ||167||
</div></div>
In ''vatika'' poisoning the symptoms are – cardiac pain, upward movement of ''vayu'', stiffness, dilatation of blood vessels, pain in the bone joints, giddiness, twisting and blackishness in the body.[167]
In ''vatika'' poisoning the symptoms are – cardiac pain, upward movement of ''vayu'', stiffness, dilatation of blood vessels, pain in the bone joints, giddiness, twisting and blackishness in the body.[167]
==== Clinical effects of ''pitta'' dominant ''visha'' ====
==== Clinical effects of ''pitta'' dominant ''visha'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
सञ्ज्ञानाशोष्णनिश्वासौ हृद्दाहः कटुकास्यता |
सञ्ज्ञानाशोष्णनिश्वासौ हृद्दाहः कटुकास्यता |
दंशावदरणं शोथो रक्तपीतश्च पैत्तिके ||१६८||
दंशावदरणं शोथो रक्तपीतश्च पैत्तिके ||१६८||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
sañjñānāśōṣṇaniśvāsau hr̥ddāhaḥ kaṭukāsyatā|
sañjñānāśōṣṇaniśvāsau hr̥ddāhaḥ kaṭukāsyatā|
daMshAvadaraNaM shotho raktapItashca paittike ||168||
daMshAvadaraNaM shotho raktapItashca paittike ||168||
</div></div>
In ''paittika'' poisoning, the symptoms are loss of consciousness, hot expiration (feeling heat while long exhalation), heart burning, pungent taste in mouth, tearing down of flesh, swelling red or yellow.[168]
In ''paittika'' poisoning, the symptoms are loss of consciousness, hot expiration (feeling heat while long exhalation), heart burning, pungent taste in mouth, tearing down of flesh, swelling red or yellow.[168]
==== Clinical effects of ''kapha'' dominant ''visha'' ====
==== Clinical effects of ''kapha'' dominant ''visha'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
वम्यरोचकहृल्लासप्रसेकोत्क्लेशगौरवैः |
वम्यरोचकहृल्लासप्रसेकोत्क्लेशगौरवैः |
सशैत्यमुखमाधुर्यैर्विद्याच्छ्लेष्माधिकं विषम् ||१६९||
सशैत्यमुखमाधुर्यैर्विद्याच्छ्लेष्माधिकं विषम् ||१६९||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
vamyarōcakahr̥llāsaprasēkōtklēśagauravaiḥ|
vamyarōcakahr̥llāsaprasēkōtklēśagauravaiḥ|
sashaityamukhamAdhuryairvidyAcchleShmAdhikaM viSham ||169||
sashaityamukhamAdhuryairvidyAcchleShmAdhikaM viSham ||169||
</div></div>
Poison predominant in ''kapha'' should be known by vomiting, anorexia, nausea, salivation, excitement, heaviness, feeling of cold and sweetness of mouth.[169]
Poison predominant in ''kapha'' should be known by vomiting, anorexia, nausea, salivation, excitement, heaviness, feeling of cold and sweetness of mouth.[169]
==== Treatment of ''vata'' dominant ''visha'' ====
==== Treatment of ''vata'' dominant ''visha'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
खण्डेन च व्रणालेपस्तैलाभ्यङ्गश्च वातिके |
खण्डेन च व्रणालेपस्तैलाभ्यङ्गश्च वातिके |
स्वेदो नाडीपुलाकाद्यैर्बृंहणश्च विधिर्हितः ||१७०||
स्वेदो नाडीपुलाकाद्यैर्बृंहणश्च विधिर्हितः ||१७०||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
khaṇḍēna ca vraṇālēpastailābhyaṅgaśca vātikē|
khaṇḍēna ca vraṇālēpastailābhyaṅgaśca vātikē|
svedo nADIpulAkAdyairbRuMhaNashca vidhirhitaH ||170||
svedo nADIpulAkAdyairbRuMhaNashca vidhirhitaH ||170||
</div></div>
The case of ''vatika'' poisoning should be treated with local application of ''khanda'', oil massage, fomentation with tubular method or ''pulaka'' (flesh) and bulk promoting regimens.[170]
The case of ''vatika'' poisoning should be treated with local application of ''khanda'', oil massage, fomentation with tubular method or ''pulaka'' (flesh) and bulk promoting regimens.[170]
==== Treatment of ''pitta'' dominant ''visha'' ====
==== Treatment of ''pitta'' dominant ''visha'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
सुशीतैः स्तम्भयेत् सेकैः प्रदेहैश्चापि पैत्तिकम् |
सुशीतैः स्तम्भयेत् सेकैः प्रदेहैश्चापि पैत्तिकम् |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
suśītaiḥ stambhayēt sēkaiḥ pradēhaiścāpi paittikam|
suśītaiḥ stambhayēt sēkaiḥ pradēhaiścāpi paittikam|
sushItaiH stambhayet sekaiH pradehaishcApi paittikam |
sushItaiH stambhayet sekaiH pradehaishcApi paittikam |
</div></div>
''Paittika'' poisoning should be treated with very cold sprinkling and anointment.[171]
''Paittika'' poisoning should be treated with very cold sprinkling and anointment.[171]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
लेखनच्छेदनस्वेदवमनैः श्लैष्मिकं जयेत् ||१७१||
लेखनच्छेदनस्वेदवमनैः श्लैष्मिकं जयेत् ||१७१||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
lēkhanacchēdanasvēdavamanaiḥ ślaiṣmikaṁ jayēt||171||
lēkhanacchēdanasvēdavamanaiḥ ślaiṣmikaṁ jayēt||171||
lekhanacchedanasvedavamanaiH shlaiShmikaM jayet ||171||
lekhanacchedanasvedavamanaiH shlaiShmikaM jayet ||171||
</div></div>
''Kaphaja'' poisoning should be overcome with scraping, excision, fomentation and vomiting. [171]
''Kaphaja'' poisoning should be overcome with scraping, excision, fomentation and vomiting. [171]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
विषेष्वपि च सर्वेषु सर्वस्थानगतेषु च |
विषेष्वपि च सर्वेषु सर्वस्थानगतेषु च |
अवृश्चिकोच्चिटिङ्गेषु प्रायः शीतो विधिर्हितः ||१७२||
अवृश्चिकोच्चिटिङ्गेषु प्रायः शीतो विधिर्हितः ||१७२||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
viṣēṣvapi ca sarvēṣu sarvasthānagatēṣu ca|
viṣēṣvapi ca sarvēṣu sarvasthānagatēṣu ca|
avr̥ścikōcciṭiṅgēṣu prāyaḥ śītō vidhirhitaḥ||172||
avr̥ścikōcciṭiṅgēṣu prāyaḥ śītō vidhirhitaḥ||172||
</div></div>
In all poisons and those located in all parts mostly the cold measures are adopted except in cases of ''vrishchika'' (scorpion) and ''ucchitinga'' (crab).[172]
In all poisons and those located in all parts mostly the cold measures are adopted except in cases of ''vrishchika'' (scorpion) and ''ucchitinga'' (crab).[172]
==== Treatment of scorpion bite ====
==== Treatment of scorpion bite ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
वृश्चिके स्वेदमभ्यङ्गं घृतेन लवणेन च |
वृश्चिके स्वेदमभ्यङ्गं घृतेन लवणेन च |
सेकांश्चोष्णान् प्रयुञ्जीत भोज्यं पानं च सर्पिषः ||१७३||
सेकांश्चोष्णान् प्रयुञ्जीत भोज्यं पानं च सर्पिषः ||१७३||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
vr̥ścikē svēdamabhyaṅgaṁ ghr̥tēna lavaṇēna ca|
vr̥ścikē svēdamabhyaṅgaṁ ghr̥tēna lavaṇēna ca|
sekAMshcoShNAn prayu~jjIta bhojyaM pAnaM ca sarpiShaH ||173||
sekAMshcoShNAn prayu~jjIta bhojyaM pAnaM ca sarpiShaH ||173||
</div></div>
In ''vrishchika'' (scorpion) sting fomentation, massage with ghee and salt, hot sprinklings and food and beverages with ghee shall be used. [173]
In ''vrishchika'' (scorpion) sting fomentation, massage with ghee and salt, hot sprinklings and food and beverages with ghee shall be used. [173]
==== Treatment of crab bite ====
==== Treatment of crab bite ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
एतदेवोच्चिटिङ्गेऽपि प्रतिलोमं च पांशुभिः |
एतदेवोच्चिटिङ्गेऽपि प्रतिलोमं च पांशुभिः |
उद्वर्तनं सुखाम्बूष्णैस्तथाऽवच्छादनं घनैः ||१७४||
उद्वर्तनं सुखाम्बूष्णैस्तथाऽवच्छादनं घनैः ||१७४||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
ētadēvōcciṭiṅgē'pi pratilōmaṁ ca pāṁśubhiḥ|
ētadēvōcciṭiṅgē'pi pratilōmaṁ ca pāṁśubhiḥ|
udvartanaM sukhAmbUShNaistathA~avacchAdanaM ghanaiH ||174||
udvartanaM sukhAmbUShNaistathA~avacchAdanaM ghanaiH ||174||
</div></div>
The same should be adopted in case of ''uchhitinga''. In addition, rubbing with dust in direction reverse to that of skin hair, intake of tepid water and covering the part with hot and thick layer of dust are prescribed.[174]
The same should be adopted in case of ''uchhitinga''. In addition, rubbing with dust in direction reverse to that of skin hair, intake of tepid water and covering the part with hot and thick layer of dust are prescribed.[174]
==== Features of dog bite ====
==== Features of dog bite ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
श्वा त्रिदोषप्रकोपात्तु तथा धातुविपर्ययात् |
श्वा त्रिदोषप्रकोपात्तु तथा धातुविपर्ययात् |
शिरोऽभितापी लालास्राव्यधोवक्त्रस्तथा भवेत् ||१७५||
शिरोऽभितापी लालास्राव्यधोवक्त्रस्तथा भवेत् ||१७५||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
śvā tridōṣaprakōpāttu tathā dhātuviparyayāt|
śvā tridōṣaprakōpāttu tathā dhātuviparyayāt|
shiro~abhitApI lAlAsrAvyadhovaktrastathA bhavet ||175||
shiro~abhitApI lAlAsrAvyadhovaktrastathA bhavet ||175||
</div></div>
Rabid dog bite: due to the vitiation of ''tridosha'' and aggravation of ''dhatus'' suffers from headache, salivation and drooped face. [175]
Rabid dog bite: due to the vitiation of ''tridosha'' and aggravation of ''dhatus'' suffers from headache, salivation and drooped face. [175]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
अन्येऽप्येवंविधा व्यालाः कफवातप्रकोपणाः |
अन्येऽप्येवंविधा व्यालाः कफवातप्रकोपणाः |
हृच्छिरोरुग्ज्वरस्तम्भतृषामूर्च्छाकरा मताः ||१७६||
हृच्छिरोरुग्ज्वरस्तम्भतृषामूर्च्छाकरा मताः ||१७६||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
anyē'pyēvaṁvidhā vyālāḥ kaphavātaprakōpaṇāḥ|
anyē'pyēvaṁvidhā vyālāḥ kaphavātaprakōpaṇāḥ|
hRucchirorugjvarastambhatRuShAmUrcchAkarA matAH ||176||
hRucchirorugjvarastambhatRuShAmUrcchAkarA matAH ||176||
</div></div>
Other such fierce animals too vitiate ''kapha'' and ''vata'' and cause cardiac pain, headache, fever, stiffness, thirst and fainting.[176]
Other such fierce animals too vitiate ''kapha'' and ''vata'' and cause cardiac pain, headache, fever, stiffness, thirst and fainting.[176]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
कण्डूनिस्तोदवैवर्ण्यसुप्तिक्लेदोपशोषणम् |
कण्डूनिस्तोदवैवर्ण्यसुप्तिक्लेदोपशोषणम् |
ज्वरश्च सविषे लिङ्गं विपरीतं तु निर्विषे ||१७८||
ज्वरश्च सविषे लिङ्गं विपरीतं तु निर्विषे ||१७८||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
kaṇḍūnistōdavaivarṇyasuptiklēdōpaśōṣaṇam|
kaṇḍūnistōdavaivarṇyasuptiklēdōpaśōṣaṇam|
jvarashca saviShe li~ggaM viparItaM tu nirviShe ||178||
jvarashca saviShe li~ggaM viparItaM tu nirviShe ||178||
</div></div>
Itching, piercing pain, discoloration, numbness, moistening, drying heat, redness, pain, suppuration, swelling, formation of cysts, shriveling, tearing down of flesh, boils, growths, rashes and fever- these are the signs and symptoms of the poisonous bites. The contrary ones are found in the non poisonous one.[178-179]
Itching, piercing pain, discoloration, numbness, moistening, drying heat, redness, pain, suppuration, swelling, formation of cysts, shriveling, tearing down of flesh, boils, growths, rashes and fever- these are the signs and symptoms of the poisonous bites. The contrary ones are found in the non poisonous one.[178-179]
==== Treatment of dog bite ====
==== Treatment of dog bite ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
तत्र सर्वे यथावस्थं प्रयोज्याः स्युरुपक्रमाः |
तत्र सर्वे यथावस्थं प्रयोज्याः स्युरुपक्रमाः |
पूर्वोक्ता विधिमन्यं च यथावद्ब्रुवतः शृणु ||१७९||
पूर्वोक्ता विधिमन्यं च यथावद्ब्रुवतः शृणु ||१७९||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
tatra sarvē yathāvasthaṁ [2] prayōjyāḥ syurupakramāḥ|
tatra sarvē yathāvasthaṁ [2] prayōjyāḥ syurupakramāḥ|
pUrvoktA vidhimanyaM ca yathAvadbruvataH shRuNu ||179||
pUrvoktA vidhimanyaM ca yathAvadbruvataH shRuNu ||179||
</div></div>
In these cases, the above measures as well as other useful remedies should be applied according to condition. I shall describe it now. Listen! [179]
In these cases, the above measures as well as other useful remedies should be applied according to condition. I shall describe it now. Listen! [179]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
हृद्विदाहे प्रसेके वा विरेकवमनं भृशम् |
हृद्विदाहे प्रसेके वा विरेकवमनं भृशम् |
यथावस्थं प्रयोक्तव्यं शुद्धे संसर्जनक्रमः ||१८०||
यथावस्थं प्रयोक्तव्यं शुद्धे संसर्जनक्रमः ||१८०||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
hr̥dvidāhē prasēkē vā virēkavamanaṁ bhr̥śam|
hr̥dvidāhē prasēkē vā virēkavamanaṁ bhr̥śam|
yathAvasthaM prayoktavyaM shuddhe saMsarjanakramaH ||180||
yathAvasthaM prayoktavyaM shuddhe saMsarjanakramaH ||180||
</div></div>
In heart burning or salivation, purgation or emesis should be administered frequently according to condition. After purification, the dietetic order should be followed.[180]
In heart burning or salivation, purgation or emesis should be administered frequently according to condition. After purification, the dietetic order should be followed.[180]
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in head region ====
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in head region ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
शिरोगते विषे नस्तः कुर्यान्मूलानि बुद्धिमान् |
शिरोगते विषे नस्तः कुर्यान्मूलानि बुद्धिमान् |
बन्धुजीवस्य भार्ग्याश्च सुरसस्यासितस्य च ||१८१||
बन्धुजीवस्य भार्ग्याश्च सुरसस्यासितस्य च ||१८१||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
śirōgatē viṣē nastaḥ kuryānmūlāni buddhimān|
śirōgatē viṣē nastaḥ kuryānmūlāni buddhimān|
bandhujIvasya bhArgyAshca surasasyAsitasya ca ||181||
bandhujIvasya bhArgyAshca surasasyAsitasya ca ||181||
</div></div>
If the poison is situated in the head, the wise should use the snuff of the roots of:
If the poison is situated in the head, the wise should use the snuff of the roots of:
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in upper and lower parts of body ====
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in upper and lower parts of body ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
दक्षकाकमयूराणां मांसासृङ्मस्तके क्षते |
दक्षकाकमयूराणां मांसासृङ्मस्तके क्षते |
उपधेयमधोदष्टस्योर्ध्वदष्टस्य पादयोः ||१८२||
उपधेयमधोदष्टस्योर्ध्वदष्टस्य पादयोः ||१८२||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
dakṣakākamayūrāṇāṁ māṁsāsr̥ṅmastakē kṣatē|
dakṣakākamayūrāṇāṁ māṁsāsr̥ṅmastakē kṣatē|
upadheyamadhodaShTasyordhvadaShTasya pAdayoH ||182||
upadheyamadhodaShTasyordhvadaShTasya pAdayoH ||182||
</div></div>
Moreover flesh with blood of chicken, crow and peacock should be applied on the incised scalp if the bite is below and feet if the bite is above.[182]
Moreover flesh with blood of chicken, crow and peacock should be applied on the incised scalp if the bite is below and feet if the bite is above.[182]
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in eye region ====
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in eye region ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
पिप्पलीमरिचक्षारवचासैन्धवशिग्रुकाः |
पिप्पलीमरिचक्षारवचासैन्धवशिग्रुकाः |
पिष्टा रोहितपित्तेन घ्नन्त्यक्षिगतमञ्जनात् ||१८३||
पिष्टा रोहितपित्तेन घ्नन्त्यक्षिगतमञ्जनात् ||१८३||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
pippalīmaricakṣāravacāsaindhavaśigrukāḥ|
pippalīmaricakṣāravacāsaindhavaśigrukāḥ|
piShTA rohitapittena ghnantyakShigatama~jjanAt ||183||
piShTA rohitapittena ghnantyakShigatama~jjanAt ||183||
</div></div>
''Pippali'' (Piper longum), ''maricha'' (Piper nigrum), ''yavakshara'' (obtained by incinerating Hordeum vulgare), ''vacha'' (Acorus calamus) , ''saindhava'' (rock salt) and ''shigru'' (Moringa oleifera) pounded with bile of ''rohita'' fish and applied to the eyes as collyrium destroys the poison in the eyes.[183]
''Pippali'' (Piper longum), ''maricha'' (Piper nigrum), ''yavakshara'' (obtained by incinerating Hordeum vulgare), ''vacha'' (Acorus calamus) , ''saindhava'' (rock salt) and ''shigru'' (Moringa oleifera) pounded with bile of ''rohita'' fish and applied to the eyes as collyrium destroys the poison in the eyes.[183]
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in throat region ====
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in throat region ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
कपित्थमामं ससिताक्षौद्रं कण्ठगते विषे |
कपित्थमामं ससिताक्षौद्रं कण्ठगते विषे |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
kapitthamāmaṁ sasitākṣaudraṁ kaṇṭhagatē viṣē|
kapitthamāmaṁ sasitākṣaudraṁ kaṇṭhagatē viṣē|
kapitthamAmaM sasitAkShaudraM kaNThagate viShe |
kapitthamAmaM sasitAkShaudraM kaNThagate viShe |
</div></div>
If the poison is in the throat, unripe fruit of ''kapittha'' (Feronia limonia) should be taken mixed with sugar and honey.[184]
If the poison is in the throat, unripe fruit of ''kapittha'' (Feronia limonia) should be taken mixed with sugar and honey.[184]
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in stomach region ====
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in stomach region ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
लिह्यादामाशयगते ताभ्यां चूर्णपलं नतात् ||१८४||
लिह्यादामाशयगते ताभ्यां चूर्णपलं नतात् ||१८४||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
lihyādāmāśayagatē tābhyāṁ cūrṇapalaṁ natāt||184||
lihyādāmāśayagatē tābhyāṁ cūrṇapalaṁ natāt||184||
lihyAdAmAshayagate tAbhyAM cUrNapalaM natAt ||184||
lihyAdAmAshayagate tAbhyAM cUrNapalaM natAt ||184||
</div></div>
In case of poison located in the stomach, 40gms of powder of ''tagara'' (Valeriana wallichii) mixed with sugar and honey should be taken.[184]
In case of poison located in the stomach, 40gms of powder of ''tagara'' (Valeriana wallichii) mixed with sugar and honey should be taken.[184]
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in colon region ====
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in colon region ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
विषे पक्वाशयगते पिप्पलीं रजनीद्वयम् |
विषे पक्वाशयगते पिप्पलीं रजनीद्वयम् |
मञ्जिष्ठां च समं पिष्ट्वा गोपित्तेन नरः पिबेत् ||१८५||
मञ्जिष्ठां च समं पिष्ट्वा गोपित्तेन नरः पिबेत् ||१८५||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
viṣē pakvāśayagatē pippalīṁ rajanīdvayam|
viṣē pakvāśayagatē pippalīṁ rajanīdvayam|
ma~jjiShThAM ca samaM piShTvA gopittena naraH pibet ||185||
ma~jjiShThAM ca samaM piShTvA gopittena naraH pibet ||185||
</div></div>
If the poison is located in the ''pakwashaya'' (colon), one should take ''pippali'' (Piper longum), ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata) and ''manjishta'' (Rubia cordifolia) each in equal quantity pounded with cow bile.[185]
If the poison is located in the ''pakwashaya'' (colon), one should take ''pippali'' (Piper longum), ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata) and ''manjishta'' (Rubia cordifolia) each in equal quantity pounded with cow bile.[185]
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in ''rasa dhatu'' ====
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in ''rasa dhatu'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
रक्तं मांसं च गोधायाः शुष्कं चूर्णीकृतं हितम् |
रक्तं मांसं च गोधायाः शुष्कं चूर्णीकृतं हितम् |
विषे रसगते पानं कपित्थरससंयुतम् ||१८६||
विषे रसगते पानं कपित्थरससंयुतम् ||१८६||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
raktaṁ māṁsaṁ ca gōdhāyāḥ śuṣkaṁ cūrṇīkr̥taṁ hitam|
raktaṁ māṁsaṁ ca gōdhāyāḥ śuṣkaṁ cūrṇīkr̥taṁ hitam|
viShe rasagate pAnaM kapittharasasaMyutam ||186||
viShe rasagate pAnaM kapittharasasaMyutam ||186||
</div></div>
In poisoning of the ''rasa dhatu'', one should take blood and flesh of ''godha'' (giant lizard or alligator), dried and powdered mixed with the juice of ''kapittha'' (Feronia limonia).[186]
In poisoning of the ''rasa dhatu'', one should take blood and flesh of ''godha'' (giant lizard or alligator), dried and powdered mixed with the juice of ''kapittha'' (Feronia limonia).[186]
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in ''rakta dhatu'' ====
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in ''rakta dhatu'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
शेलोर्मूलत्वगग्राणि बादरौदुम्बराणि च |
शेलोर्मूलत्वगग्राणि बादरौदुम्बराणि च |
कटभ्याश्च पिबेद्रक्तगते,
कटभ्याश्च पिबेद्रक्तगते,
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
śēlōrmūlatvagagrāṇi bādaraudumbarāṇi ca|
śēlōrmūlatvagagrāṇi bādaraudumbarāṇi ca|
kaTabhyAshca pibedraktagate,
kaTabhyAshca pibedraktagate,
</div></div>
In poisoning of the ''rakta dhatu'', root bark of ''shleshmataka'' (Cordia dichotoma), shoots of ''badara'' (Ziziphus mauritiana), ''udumbara'' (Ficus racemosa) and ''katabhi'' (Albizzia procera) should be taken.[187]
In poisoning of the ''rakta dhatu'', root bark of ''shleshmataka'' (Cordia dichotoma), shoots of ''badara'' (Ziziphus mauritiana), ''udumbara'' (Ficus racemosa) and ''katabhi'' (Albizzia procera) should be taken.[187]
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in ''mamsa dhatu'' ====
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in ''mamsa dhatu'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
मांसगते पिबेत् ||१८७||
मांसगते पिबेत् ||१८७||
सक्षौद्रं खदिरारिष्टं कौटजं मूलमम्भसा |
सक्षौद्रं खदिरारिष्टं कौटजं मूलमम्भसा |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
māṁsagatē pibēt||187||
māṁsagatē pibēt||187||
sakShaudraM khadirAriShTaM kauTajaM mUlamambhasA |
sakShaudraM khadirAriShTaM kauTajaM mUlamambhasA |
</div></div>
In poisoning of the ''mamsa dhatu'', roots of ''khadira'' (Acacia catechu), ''nimba'' (Azadiracta indica) and ''kutaja'' (Holarrhena antidysentrica) should be taken mixed with honey and along with water.[187]
In poisoning of the ''mamsa dhatu'', roots of ''khadira'' (Acacia catechu), ''nimba'' (Azadiracta indica) and ''kutaja'' (Holarrhena antidysentrica) should be taken mixed with honey and along with water.[187]
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in all ''dhatu'' ====
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in all ''dhatu'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
सर्वेषु च बले द्वे तु मधूकं मधुकं नतम् ||१८८||
सर्वेषु च बले द्वे तु मधूकं मधुकं नतम् ||१८८||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
sarvēṣu ca balē dvē tu madhūkaṁ madhukaṁ natam||188||
sarvēṣu ca balē dvē tu madhūkaṁ madhukaṁ natam||188||
sarveShu ca bale dve tu madhUkaM madhukaM natam ||188||
sarveShu ca bale dve tu madhUkaM madhukaM natam ||188||
</div></div>
In all types of poisoning, two types of ''bala'' (Sida cordifolia and Abutilon indicum), ''madhuka'' (Glycyrrhiza glabra), ''madhooka'' (Madhuca longifolia), and ''tagara'' (Valeneria wallichii) should be taken.[188]
In all types of poisoning, two types of ''bala'' (Sida cordifolia and Abutilon indicum), ''madhuka'' (Glycyrrhiza glabra), ''madhooka'' (Madhuca longifolia), and ''tagara'' (Valeneria wallichii) should be taken.[188]
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in ''kapha'' dominance ====
==== Treatment of poisonous effects in ''kapha'' dominance ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
पिप्पलीं नागरं क्षारं नवनीतेन मूर्च्छितम् |
पिप्पलीं नागरं क्षारं नवनीतेन मूर्च्छितम् |
कफे भिषगुदीर्णे तु विदध्यात्प्रतिसारणम् ||१८९||
कफे भिषगुदीर्णे तु विदध्यात्प्रतिसारणम् ||१८९||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
pippalīṁ nāgaraṁ [1] kṣāraṁ navanītēna mūrcchitam|
pippalīṁ nāgaraṁ [1] kṣāraṁ navanītēna mūrcchitam|
kaphe bhiShagudIrNe tu vidadhyAtpratisAraNam ||189||
kaphe bhiShagudIrNe tu vidadhyAtpratisAraNam ||189||
</div></div>
''Pippali'' (Piper longum), ''shunthi'' (Zingiber officinale), ''yavakshara'' (Yavakshara (obtained by incinerating Hordeum vulgare) mixed with fresh ''navaneeta'' (butter) should be painted on the site if there is aggravation of ''kapha dosha''. [189]
''Pippali'' (Piper longum), ''shunthi'' (Zingiber officinale), ''yavakshara'' (Yavakshara (obtained by incinerating Hordeum vulgare) mixed with fresh ''navaneeta'' (butter) should be painted on the site if there is aggravation of ''kapha dosha''. [189]
===== ''Mamsyadi'' formulation =====
===== ''Mamsyadi'' formulation =====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
मांसीकुङ्कुमपत्रत्वग्रजनीनतचन्दनैः |
मांसीकुङ्कुमपत्रत्वग्रजनीनतचन्दनैः |
पाननस्याञ्जनालेपाः सर्वशोथविषापहाः |
पाननस्याञ्जनालेपाः सर्वशोथविषापहाः |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
māṁsīkuṅkumapatratvagrajanīnatacandanaiḥ|
māṁsīkuṅkumapatratvagrajanīnatacandanaiḥ|
pAnanasyA~jjanAlepAH sarvashothaviShApahAH |
pAnanasyA~jjanAlepAH sarvashothaviShApahAH |
</div></div>
''Mamsi'' (Nordostachys jatamansi), ''kumkuma'' (Crocus sativus), ''patra'' (Abies webbiana), ''twak'' (Cinnamomnm zeylanicum), ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa), ''tagara'', (Valeneria wallichii), ''chandana'' (Pterocarpus santalinus), ''manashila'' (Arsenic disulphide), ''vyagranakha'' (tiger nails), ''surasa'' (Ocimum sanctum) pounded with water and used for internal administration (''pana''), in snuff, collyrium and paste counteracts all poisonous edema.[190]
''Mamsi'' (Nordostachys jatamansi), ''kumkuma'' (Crocus sativus), ''patra'' (Abies webbiana), ''twak'' (Cinnamomnm zeylanicum), ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa), ''tagara'', (Valeneria wallichii), ''chandana'' (Pterocarpus santalinus), ''manashila'' (Arsenic disulphide), ''vyagranakha'' (tiger nails), ''surasa'' (Ocimum sanctum) pounded with water and used for internal administration (''pana''), in snuff, collyrium and paste counteracts all poisonous edema.[190]
===== ''Chandanadi'' formulation =====
===== ''Chandanadi'' formulation =====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
चन्दनं तगरं कुष्ठं हरिद्रे द्वे त्वगेव च ||१९१||
चन्दनं तगरं कुष्ठं हरिद्रे द्वे त्वगेव च ||१९१||
हन्ति सर्वविषाण्येव वज्रिवज्रमिवासुरान् |
हन्ति सर्वविषाण्येव वज्रिवज्रमिवासुरान् |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
candanaṁ tagaraṁ kuṣṭhaṁ haridrē dvē tvagēva ca||191||
candanaṁ tagaraṁ kuṣṭhaṁ haridrē dvē tvagēva ca||191||
hanti sarvaviShANyeva vajrivajramivAsurAn |
hanti sarvaviShANyeva vajrivajramivAsurAn |
</div></div>
''Chandana'' (Santalum album), ''tagara'' (Valeriana wallichii), ''kushta'' (Saussurea lappa), ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata), ''twak'' (Cinnamomnm zeylanicum), ''manashila'' (realgar (Arsenic disulphide), ''tamala'' (Nicotiana tabacum), juice of ''nagakesara'' (Mesua ferrea) and ''shardoolanakha'' (nail of a jackal) pounded with rice water destroys all poisons as Indra’s thunderbolt kills the demons.[191-192]
''Chandana'' (Santalum album), ''tagara'' (Valeriana wallichii), ''kushta'' (Saussurea lappa), ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata), ''twak'' (Cinnamomnm zeylanicum), ''manashila'' (realgar (Arsenic disulphide), ''tamala'' (Nicotiana tabacum), juice of ''nagakesara'' (Mesua ferrea) and ''shardoolanakha'' (nail of a jackal) pounded with rice water destroys all poisons as Indra’s thunderbolt kills the demons.[191-192]
===== ''Shirishadi nasya'' and ''anjana'' =====
===== ''Shirishadi nasya'' and ''anjana'' =====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
रसे शिरीषपुष्पस्य सप्ताहं मरिचं सितम् ||१९३||
रसे शिरीषपुष्पस्य सप्ताहं मरिचं सितम् ||१९३||
भावितं सर्पदष्टानां नस्यपानाञ्जने हितम् |
भावितं सर्पदष्टानां नस्यपानाञ्जने हितम् |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
rasē śirīṣapuṣpasya saptāhaṁ maricaṁ sitam||193||
rasē śirīṣapuṣpasya saptāhaṁ maricaṁ sitam||193||
bhAvitaM sarpadaShTAnAM nasyapAnA~jjane hitam |
bhAvitaM sarpadaShTAnAM nasyapAnA~jjane hitam |
</div></div>
White ''maricha'' (decorticated) impregnated with the juice of ''shireesha'' (Albizzia lebbeck) flowers for a week is efficacious in snake bite as snuff, ''pana'' (internal administration) and collyrium.[193]
White ''maricha'' (decorticated) impregnated with the juice of ''shireesha'' (Albizzia lebbeck) flowers for a week is efficacious in snake bite as snuff, ''pana'' (internal administration) and collyrium.[193]
===== ''Nata-Kushtha'' formulation =====
===== ''Nata-Kushtha'' formulation =====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
द्विपलं नतकुष्ठाभ्यां घृतक्षौद्रचतुष्पलम् ||१९४||
द्विपलं नतकुष्ठाभ्यां घृतक्षौद्रचतुष्पलम् ||१९४||
अपि तक्षकदष्टानां पानमेतत् सुखप्रदम् |
अपि तक्षकदष्टानां पानमेतत् सुखप्रदम् |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
dvipalaṁ natakuṣṭhābhyāṁ ghr̥takṣaudracatuṣpalam||194||
dvipalaṁ natakuṣṭhābhyāṁ ghr̥takṣaudracatuṣpalam||194||
api takShakadaShTAnAM pAnametat sukhapradam |
api takShakadaShTAnAM pAnametat sukhapradam |
</div></div>
''Tagara'' (Valeriana wallichii ) and ''kushtha'' (Saussurea lappa )- 80gms, ghee and honey- 160gms – this potion renders relief even in bites by ''takshaka'' (king of snakes).[194]
''Tagara'' (Valeriana wallichii ) and ''kushtha'' (Saussurea lappa )- 80gms, ghee and honey- 160gms – this potion renders relief even in bites by ''takshaka'' (king of snakes).[194]
==== Treatment of ''darvikara'' snake bite ====
==== Treatment of ''darvikara'' snake bite ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
सिन्धुवारस्य मूलं च श्वेता च गिरिकर्णिका ||१९५||
सिन्धुवारस्य मूलं च श्वेता च गिरिकर्णिका ||१९५||
पानं दर्वीकरैर्दष्टे नस्यं समधु पाकलम् |
पानं दर्वीकरैर्दष्टे नस्यं समधु पाकलम् |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
sindhuvārasya mūlaṁ ca śvētā ca girikarṇikā||195||
sindhuvārasya mūlaṁ ca śvētā ca girikarṇikā||195||
pAnaM darvIkarairdaShTe nasyaM samadhu pAkalam |
pAnaM darvIkarairdaShTe nasyaM samadhu pAkalam |
</div></div>
''Sinduvara'' root (Vitex negundo), ''shweta'' (Clitoria ternatia) and ''girikarnika'' (Variety of Clitoria ternatia ) this is a liquid remedy for the bite by ''darveekara'' type of snake along with snuffing with ''kushta'' mixed with honey.[195]
''Sinduvara'' root (Vitex negundo), ''shweta'' (Clitoria ternatia) and ''girikarnika'' (Variety of Clitoria ternatia ) this is a liquid remedy for the bite by ''darveekara'' type of snake along with snuffing with ''kushta'' mixed with honey.[195]
==== Treatment of ''mandali'' snake bite ====
==== Treatment of ''mandali'' snake bite ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
मञ्जिष्ठा मधुयष्टी च जीवकर्षभकौ सिता ||१९६||
मञ्जिष्ठा मधुयष्टी च जीवकर्षभकौ सिता ||१९६||
काश्मर्यं वटशुङ्गानि पानं मण्डलिनां विषे |
काश्मर्यं वटशुङ्गानि पानं मण्डलिनां विषे |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
mañjiṣṭhā madhuyaṣṭī ca jīvakarṣabhakau sitā||196||
mañjiṣṭhā madhuyaṣṭī ca jīvakarṣabhakau sitā||196||
kAshmaryaM vaTashu~ggAni pAnaM maNDalinAM viShe |
kAshmaryaM vaTashu~ggAni pAnaM maNDalinAM viShe |
</div></div>
''Manjishta'' (Rubia cordifolia), ''madhuyashti'' (Glycyrrhia glabra), ''jeevaka'' (Microstylis musifera), ''rishabaka'' (Microstylis wallichii), ''sita, kashmarya,'' leaf buds of ''vata'' (Ficus bengalensis) - this is the potion for the bite by ''mandali'' (viper) type of snake.[196]
''Manjishta'' (Rubia cordifolia), ''madhuyashti'' (Glycyrrhia glabra), ''jeevaka'' (Microstylis musifera), ''rishabaka'' (Microstylis wallichii), ''sita, kashmarya,'' leaf buds of ''vata'' (Ficus bengalensis) - this is the potion for the bite by ''mandali'' (viper) type of snake.[196]
==== Treatment of ''rajimana'' snake bite ====
==== Treatment of ''rajimana'' snake bite ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
व्योषं सातिविषं कुष्ठं गृहधूमो हरेणुका ||१९७||
व्योषं सातिविषं कुष्ठं गृहधूमो हरेणुका ||१९७||
तगरं कटुका क्षौद्रं हन्ति राजीमतां विषम् |
तगरं कटुका क्षौद्रं हन्ति राजीमतां विषम् |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
vyōṣaṁ sātiviṣaṁ kuṣṭhaṁ gr̥hadhūmō harēṇukā||197||
vyōṣaṁ sātiviṣaṁ kuṣṭhaṁ gr̥hadhūmō harēṇukā||197||
tagaraM kaTukA kShaudraM hanti rAjImatAM viSham |
tagaraM kaTukA kShaudraM hanti rAjImatAM viSham |
</div></div>
''Trikatu'' (Zingiber officinale, Piper nigrum, Piper longum), ''ativisha'' (Aconitum hetrophylum), ''kushta'' (Saussurea lappa), ''soot, harenuka'' (Vitex negundo), ''tagara'' (Valeneria wallichii), ''katuka'' (Picrorhiza kurrora)- powder of all these mixed with honey destroys the poison of ''rajimana'' type of snake.[197]
''Trikatu'' (Zingiber officinale, Piper nigrum, Piper longum), ''ativisha'' (Aconitum hetrophylum), ''kushta'' (Saussurea lappa), ''soot, harenuka'' (Vitex negundo), ''tagara'' (Valeneria wallichii), ''katuka'' (Picrorhiza kurrora)- powder of all these mixed with honey destroys the poison of ''rajimana'' type of snake.[197]
==== ''Grihadhumadi'' formulation ====
==== ''Grihadhumadi'' formulation ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
गृहधूमं हरिद्रे द्वे समूलं तण्डुलीयकम् ||१९८||
गृहधूमं हरिद्रे द्वे समूलं तण्डुलीयकम् ||१९८||
अपि वासुकिना दष्टः पिबेन्मधुघृताप्लुतम् |१९९|
अपि वासुकिना दष्टः पिबेन्मधुघृताप्लुतम् |१९९|
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
gr̥hadhūmaṁ haridrē dvē samūlaṁ taṇḍulīyakam||198||
gr̥hadhūmaṁ haridrē dvē samūlaṁ taṇḍulīyakam||198||
api vAsukinA daShTaH pibenmadhughRutAplutam |199|
api vAsukinA daShTaH pibenmadhughRutAplutam |199|
</div></div>
''Grihadhooma'' (soot), ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata) all with root mixed with ''tanduleeyaka'' (Amaranthus blitum) and plenty of honey and ghee can be taken by a person bitten even by a ''vasuki''.[198]
''Grihadhooma'' (soot), ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata) all with root mixed with ''tanduleeyaka'' (Amaranthus blitum) and plenty of honey and ghee can be taken by a person bitten even by a ''vasuki''.[198]
==== External application in insect bite ====
==== External application in insect bite ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
क्षीरिवृक्षत्वगालेपः शुद्धे कीटविषापहः ||१९९||
क्षीरिवृक्षत्वगालेपः शुद्धे कीटविषापहः ||१९९||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
kṣīrivr̥kṣatvagālēpaḥ śuddhē kīṭaviṣāpahaḥ||199||
kṣīrivr̥kṣatvagālēpaḥ śuddhē kīṭaviṣāpahaḥ||199||
kShIrivRukShatvagAlepaH shuddhe kITaviShApahaH ||199||
kShIrivRukShatvagAlepaH shuddhe kITaviShApahaH ||199||
</div></div>
After evacuating the patient of insect poisoning, paste of the bark of the latex bearing trees should be applied which acts as antipoison. [199]
After evacuating the patient of insect poisoning, paste of the bark of the latex bearing trees should be applied which acts as antipoison. [199]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
मुक्तालेपो वरः शोथदाहतोदज्वरापहः |
मुक्तालेपो वरः शोथदाहतोदज्वरापहः |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
muktālēpō varaḥ śōthadāhatōdajvarāpahaḥ|
muktālēpō varaḥ śōthadāhatōdajvarāpahaḥ|
muktAlepo varaH shothadAhatodajvarApahaH |
muktAlepo varaH shothadAhatodajvarApahaH |
</div></div>
The paste of ''mukta'' is good for alleviating swelling, burning sensation, piercing pain and fever.[200]
The paste of ''mukta'' is good for alleviating swelling, burning sensation, piercing pain and fever.[200]
==== Treatment of spider poison ====
==== Treatment of spider poison ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
चन्दनं पद्मकोशीरं शिरीषः सिन्धुवारिका ||२००||
चन्दनं पद्मकोशीरं शिरीषः सिन्धुवारिका ||२००||
(यथायोगं प्रयोक्तव्यः समीक्ष्यालेपनादिषु) |
(यथायोगं प्रयोक्तव्यः समीक्ष्यालेपनादिषु) |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
candanaṁ padmakōśīraṁ śirīṣaḥ sindhuvārikā||200||
candanaṁ padmakōśīraṁ śirīṣaḥ sindhuvārikā||200||
(yathAyogaM prayoktavyaH samIkShyAlepanAdiShu) |
(yathAyogaM prayoktavyaH samIkShyAlepanAdiShu) |
</div></div>
''Chandana'' (Pterocarpus santalinus), ''padmaka'' (Prunus cerasoides), ''usheera'' (Vetiveria zizanoidis), ''shireesha'' (Albizzia lebbeck), ''sinduvarika'' (Vitex nergundo), ''ksheerashukla'' (Pueraria tuberose), ''tagara'' (Valeriana wallichii), ''kushta'' (Saussurea lappa), ''patala'' (Stereospermum suaveolens), ''udeechya'' (Valeriana wallichii), ''sariva'' (Hemidesmus indicus)- all these pounded together with the juice of ''sleshmataka'' (Cordia dichotoma ) make an irreversible application for the spider poison.
''Chandana'' (Pterocarpus santalinus), ''padmaka'' (Prunus cerasoides), ''usheera'' (Vetiveria zizanoidis), ''shireesha'' (Albizzia lebbeck), ''sinduvarika'' (Vitex nergundo), ''ksheerashukla'' (Pueraria tuberose), ''tagara'' (Valeriana wallichii), ''kushta'' (Saussurea lappa), ''patala'' (Stereospermum suaveolens), ''udeechya'' (Valeriana wallichii), ''sariva'' (Hemidesmus indicus)- all these pounded together with the juice of ''sleshmataka'' (Cordia dichotoma ) make an irreversible application for the spider poison.
This may be applied as a paste.[200-201]
This may be applied as a paste.[200-201]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
मधूकं मधुकं कुष्ठं शिरीषोदीच्यपाटलाः |
मधूकं मधुकं कुष्ठं शिरीषोदीच्यपाटलाः |
सनिम्बसारिवाक्षौद्राः पानं लूताविषापहम् ||२०२||
सनिम्बसारिवाक्षौद्राः पानं लूताविषापहम् ||२०२||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
madhūkaṁ madhukaṁ kuṣṭhaṁ śirīṣōdīcyapāṭalāḥ|
madhūkaṁ madhukaṁ kuṣṭhaṁ śirīṣōdīcyapāṭalāḥ|
sanimbasArivAkShaudrAH pAnaM lUtAviShApaham ||202||
sanimbasArivAkShaudrAH pAnaM lUtAviShApaham ||202||
</div></div>
''Madhooka'' (Madhuca longifolia), ''madhuka'' (Glycyrrhiza glabra), ''kushtha'' (Saussurea lappa), ''shirisha'' (Albizzia lebbeck), ''udichya, patala'' (Stereospermum suaveolens), ''nimbi'' (Azadiracta indica), ''sariva'' (Hemidesmus indicus ) and honey- this is taken as potion to destroy spider poison.[201-202]
''Madhooka'' (Madhuca longifolia), ''madhuka'' (Glycyrrhiza glabra), ''kushtha'' (Saussurea lappa), ''shirisha'' (Albizzia lebbeck), ''udichya, patala'' (Stereospermum suaveolens), ''nimbi'' (Azadiracta indica), ''sariva'' (Hemidesmus indicus ) and honey- this is taken as potion to destroy spider poison.[201-202]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
कुसुम्भपुष्पं गोदन्तः स्वर्णक्षीरी कपोतविट् |
कुसुम्भपुष्पं गोदन्तः स्वर्णक्षीरी कपोतविट् |
दन्ती त्रिवृत्सैन्धवं च कर्णिकापातनं तयोः ||२०३||
दन्ती त्रिवृत्सैन्धवं च कर्णिकापातनं तयोः ||२०३||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
kusumbhapuṣpaṁ gōdantaḥ svarṇakṣīrī kapōtaviṭ|
kusumbhapuṣpaṁ gōdantaḥ svarṇakṣīrī kapōtaviṭ|
dantI trivRutsaindhavaM ca karNikApAtanaM tayoH ||203||
dantI trivRutsaindhavaM ca karNikApAtanaM tayoH ||203||
</div></div>
''Kusumbha'' flowers (Carthamus tinctorius), cow teeth, ''svarnakshiri'' (Argemone Mexicana), faecus of pigeon, ''danti'' (Baliospermum montanum), ''trivrit'' (Operculina turpethum), and ''saindhava'' (rock salt) – this is applied to destroy the growth on the site of insect bite and spider poisoning.[203]
''Kusumbha'' flowers (Carthamus tinctorius), cow teeth, ''svarnakshiri'' (Argemone Mexicana), faecus of pigeon, ''danti'' (Baliospermum montanum), ''trivrit'' (Operculina turpethum), and ''saindhava'' (rock salt) – this is applied to destroy the growth on the site of insect bite and spider poisoning.[203]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
कटभ्यर्जुनशैरीषशेलुक्षीरिद्रुमत्वचः |
कटभ्यर्जुनशैरीषशेलुक्षीरिद्रुमत्वचः |
कषायकल्कचूर्णाः स्युः कीटलूताव्रणापहाः ||२०४||
कषायकल्कचूर्णाः स्युः कीटलूताव्रणापहाः ||२०४||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
kaṭabhyarjunaśairīṣaśēlukṣīridrumatvacaḥ|
kaṭabhyarjunaśairīṣaśēlukṣīridrumatvacaḥ|
kaShAyakalkacUrNAH syuH kITalUtAvraNApahAH ||204||
kaShAyakalkacUrNAH syuH kITalUtAvraNApahAH ||204||
</div></div>
Bark of ''katabhy'' (Albizzia procera), ''arjuna'' (Terminalia arjuna), ''shirisha'' (Albizzia lebbeck), ''shleshmataka'' (Cordia dichotoma) and bark of ''kshiridruma'' (Ficus bengalensis, Ficus recemosa, Ficus lacor, Thespesia poulnea, Ficus religiosa) used as decoction, paste and powder destroy the wounds caused by insects and spiders.[204]
Bark of ''katabhy'' (Albizzia procera), ''arjuna'' (Terminalia arjuna), ''shirisha'' (Albizzia lebbeck), ''shleshmataka'' (Cordia dichotoma) and bark of ''kshiridruma'' (Ficus bengalensis, Ficus recemosa, Ficus lacor, Thespesia poulnea, Ficus religiosa) used as decoction, paste and powder destroy the wounds caused by insects and spiders.[204]
==== Treatment of rat bite ====
==== Treatment of rat bite ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
त्वचं च नागरं चैव समांशं श्लक्ष्णपेषितम् |
त्वचं च नागरं चैव समांशं श्लक्ष्णपेषितम् |
पेयमुष्णाम्बुना सर्वं मूषिकाणां विषापहम् ||२०५||
पेयमुष्णाम्बुना सर्वं मूषिकाणां विषापहम् ||२०५||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
tvacaṁ ca nāgaraṁ caiva samāṁśaṁ ślakṣṇapēṣitam|
tvacaṁ ca nāgaraṁ caiva samāṁśaṁ ślakṣṇapēṣitam|
peyamuShNAmbunA sarvaM mUShikANAM viShApaham ||205||
peyamuShNAmbunA sarvaM mUShikANAM viShApaham ||205||
</div></div>
''Twak'' (Cinnamomnm zeylanicum) and ''shunthi'' (Zingiber officinale) in equal quantity pounded finely should be taken with hot water. It destroys poison of all sorts of rats.[205]
''Twak'' (Cinnamomnm zeylanicum) and ''shunthi'' (Zingiber officinale) in equal quantity pounded finely should be taken with hot water. It destroys poison of all sorts of rats.[205]
==== ''Kutajadi'' formulation ====
==== ''Kutajadi'' formulation ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
कुटजस्य फलं पिष्टं तगरं जालमालिनी |
कुटजस्य फलं पिष्टं तगरं जालमालिनी |
समानो ह्यमृतेनायं गराजीर्णं च नाशयेत् ||२०७||
समानो ह्यमृतेनायं गराजीर्णं च नाशयेत् ||२०७||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
kuṭajasya phalaṁ piṣṭaṁ tagaraṁ jālamālinī|
kuṭajasya phalaṁ piṣṭaṁ tagaraṁ jālamālinī|
samAno hyamRutenAyaM garAjIrNaM ca nAshayet ||207||
samAno hyamRutenAyaM garAjIrNaM ca nAshayet ||207||
</div></div>
''Indrayava'' (Holarrhena antidysenterica), ''tagara'' (Valeneria wallichii), ''jaalamalini'' (Luffa echinata), bitter ''ikshwaku'' (Langanaria siceraria) this formulation used as potion, nasal blowing etc alleviates poison of scorpion, rats, spider and snake. It is like nectar and destroys the long standing ''gara visha''.[206-207]
''Indrayava'' (Holarrhena antidysenterica), ''tagara'' (Valeneria wallichii), ''jaalamalini'' (Luffa echinata), bitter ''ikshwaku'' (Langanaria siceraria) this formulation used as potion, nasal blowing etc alleviates poison of scorpion, rats, spider and snake. It is like nectar and destroys the long standing ''gara visha''.[206-207]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
सर्वेऽगदा यथादोषं प्रयोज्याः स्युः कृकण्टके |
सर्वेऽगदा यथादोषं प्रयोज्याः स्युः कृकण्टके |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
sarvē'gadā yathādōṣaṁ prayōjyāḥ syuḥ kr̥kaṇṭakē|
sarvē'gadā yathādōṣaṁ prayōjyāḥ syuḥ kr̥kaṇṭakē|
sarve~agadA yathAdoShaM prayojyAH syuH kRukaNTake |
sarve~agadA yathAdoShaM prayojyAH syuH kRukaNTake |
</div></div>
All these anti-poison formulations may be used in chameleon poisoning according to ''dosha''.[208]
All these anti-poison formulations may be used in chameleon poisoning according to ''dosha''.[208]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
कपोतविण्मातुलुङ्गं शिरीषकुसुमाद्रसः ||२०८||
कपोतविण्मातुलुङ्गं शिरीषकुसुमाद्रसः ||२०८||
शङ्खिन्यार्कं पयः शुण्ठी करञ्जो मधु वार्श्चिके |
शङ्खिन्यार्कं पयः शुण्ठी करञ्जो मधु वार्श्चिके |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
kapōtaviṇmātuluṅgaṁ śirīṣakusumādrasaḥ||208||
kapōtaviṇmātuluṅgaṁ śirīṣakusumādrasaḥ||208||
sha~gkhinyArkaM payaH shuNThI kara~jjo madhu vArshcike |
sha~gkhinyArkaM payaH shuNThI kara~jjo madhu vArshcike |
</div></div>
Pigeon excrement, ''matulunga'' (Citrus medica), juice of ''shireesha'' (Albizzia lebbeck) flowers, ''shankini'' (Colonyction muricatum), latex of ''arka'' (Calotropis procera), ''shunthi'' (Zingiber officinale), ''karanja'' (Pongamia pinnata) and honey- this should be taken in scorpion sting.[208]
Pigeon excrement, ''matulunga'' (Citrus medica), juice of ''shireesha'' (Albizzia lebbeck) flowers, ''shankini'' (Colonyction muricatum), latex of ''arka'' (Calotropis procera), ''shunthi'' (Zingiber officinale), ''karanja'' (Pongamia pinnata) and honey- this should be taken in scorpion sting.[208]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
शिरीषस्य फलं पिष्टं स्नुहीक्षीरेण दार्दुरे ||२०९||
शिरीषस्य फलं पिष्टं स्नुहीक्षीरेण दार्दुरे ||२०९||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
śirīṣasya phalaṁ piṣṭaṁ snuhīkṣīrēṇa dārdurē||209||
śirīṣasya phalaṁ piṣṭaṁ snuhīkṣīrēṇa dārdurē||209||
shirIShasya phalaM piShTaM snuhIkShIreNa dArdure ||209||
shirIShasya phalaM piShTaM snuhIkShIreNa dArdure ||209||
</div></div>
''Shireesha'' seeds (Albizzia lebbeck ) pounded with ''snuhi'' (Euphorbia nerifolia) latex should be taken in frog poisoning.[209]
''Shireesha'' seeds (Albizzia lebbeck ) pounded with ''snuhi'' (Euphorbia nerifolia) latex should be taken in frog poisoning.[209]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
मूलानि श्वेतभण्डीनां व्योषं सर्पिश्च मत्स्यजे |
मूलानि श्वेतभण्डीनां व्योषं सर्पिश्च मत्स्यजे |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
mūlāni śvētabhaṇḍīnāṁ vyōṣaṁ sarpiśca matsyajē|
mūlāni śvētabhaṇḍīnāṁ vyōṣaṁ sarpiśca matsyajē|
mUlAni shvetabhaNDInAM vyoShaM sarpishca matsyaje |
mUlAni shvetabhaNDInAM vyoShaM sarpishca matsyaje |
</div></div>
Roots of ''shwetha bhandi'' (Clitoria turnatea), ''trikatu'' (Zingiber officinale, Piper nigrum, Piper longum ) and ghee are useful in fish poisoning.[210]
Roots of ''shwetha bhandi'' (Clitoria turnatea), ''trikatu'' (Zingiber officinale, Piper nigrum, Piper longum ) and ghee are useful in fish poisoning.[210]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
कीटदष्टक्रियाः सर्वाः समानाः स्युर्जलौकसाम् ||२१०||
कीटदष्टक्रियाः सर्वाः समानाः स्युर्जलौकसाम् ||२१०||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
kīṭadaṣṭakriyāḥ sarvāḥ samānāḥ syurjalaukasām||210||
kīṭadaṣṭakriyāḥ sarvāḥ samānāḥ syurjalaukasām||210||
kITadaShTakriyAH sarvAH samAnAH syurjalaukasAm ||210||
kITadaShTakriyAH sarvAH samAnAH syurjalaukasAm ||210||
</div></div>
In poisoning by leeches, the measures mentioned in the treatment of insect bite are applied. [210]
In poisoning by leeches, the measures mentioned in the treatment of insect bite are applied. [210]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
वातपित्तहरी चापि क्रिया प्रायः प्रशस्यते |
वातपित्तहरी चापि क्रिया प्रायः प्रशस्यते |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
vātapittaharī cāpi kriyā prāyaḥ praśasyatē|
vātapittaharī cāpi kriyā prāyaḥ praśasyatē|
vAtapittaharI cApi kriyA prAyaH prashasyate |
vAtapittaharI cApi kriyA prAyaH prashasyate |
</div></div>
Moreover mostly the measures alleviating ''vata'' and ''pitta'' are prescribed.[211]
Moreover mostly the measures alleviating ''vata'' and ''pitta'' are prescribed.[211]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
वार्श्चिको ह्युच्चिटिङ्गस्य कणभस्यौन्दुरोऽगदः ||२११||
वार्श्चिको ह्युच्चिटिङ्गस्य कणभस्यौन्दुरोऽगदः ||२११||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
vārścikō hyucciṭiṅgasya kaṇabhasyaundurō'gadaḥ [1] ||211||
vārścikō hyucciṭiṅgasya kaṇabhasyaundurō'gadaḥ [1] ||211||
vArshciko hyucciTi~ggasya kaNabhasyaunduro~agadaH ||211||
vArshciko hyucciTi~ggasya kaNabhasyaunduro~agadaH ||211||
</div></div>
In case of poisoning by ''ucchitinga'' and ''kanabha'' remedies applicable to that by scorpion and rat are prescribed respectively.[211]
In case of poisoning by ''ucchitinga'' and ''kanabha'' remedies applicable to that by scorpion and rat are prescribed respectively.[211]
==== Best ''agada'' ====
==== Best ''agada'' ====
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वचां वंशत्वचं पाठां नतं सुरसमञ्जरीम् |
वचां वंशत्वचं पाठां नतं सुरसमञ्जरीम् |
नस्याञ्जनादिलेपेषु हितो विश्वम्भरादिषु ||२१४||
नस्याञ्जनादिलेपेषु हितो विश्वम्भरादिषु ||२१४||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
vacāṁ vaṁśatvacaṁ pāṭhāṁ nataṁ surasamañjarīm|
vacāṁ vaṁśatvacaṁ pāṭhāṁ nataṁ surasamañjarīm|
nasyA~jjanAdilepeShu hito vishvambharAdiShu ||214||
nasyA~jjanAdilepeShu hito vishvambharAdiShu ||214||
</div></div>
''Vacha'' (Acorus Calamus), ''vamsha'' bark (Bambusa arundinacea), ''patha'' (Cissambelos Pereira), ''nata'' (Valeneria wallichii), flower stalk of ''tulasi'' (Ocimum sanctum), ''bala'' (Sida cordifolia), ''atibala'' (Abutilon indicum), ''nakuli'' (Alpinia galangal), ''kushtha'' (Saussurea lappa), ''shirisha'' (Albizzia lebbeck), ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata), ''guha'' (''krishnaparni'' - Uraria picta), ''atiguha'' (''shalaparni'' - Desmodium gangeticum), ''shveta'' (Clitoria ternacia), ''ajagandha'' (Carum roxburghianum), ''shilajatu, kattruna'' (Cymbopogon citrates), ''katabhi'' (Albizzia procera), ''yava kshara'' ((obtained by incinerating Hordeum vulgare), ''grihadhuma'' (soot), ''manahshila'' (Arsenic disulphide) are pounded with bile of ''rohita'' fish. This is an excellent anti-poison efficacious in bite of insects like ''vishwambara,'' etc when used as snuff, collyrium and paste.[212-214]
''Vacha'' (Acorus Calamus), ''vamsha'' bark (Bambusa arundinacea), ''patha'' (Cissambelos Pereira), ''nata'' (Valeneria wallichii), flower stalk of ''tulasi'' (Ocimum sanctum), ''bala'' (Sida cordifolia), ''atibala'' (Abutilon indicum), ''nakuli'' (Alpinia galangal), ''kushtha'' (Saussurea lappa), ''shirisha'' (Albizzia lebbeck), ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata), ''guha'' (''krishnaparni'' - Uraria picta), ''atiguha'' (''shalaparni'' - Desmodium gangeticum), ''shveta'' (Clitoria ternacia), ''ajagandha'' (Carum roxburghianum), ''shilajatu, kattruna'' (Cymbopogon citrates), ''katabhi'' (Albizzia procera), ''yava kshara'' ((obtained by incinerating Hordeum vulgare), ''grihadhuma'' (soot), ''manahshila'' (Arsenic disulphide) are pounded with bile of ''rohita'' fish. This is an excellent anti-poison efficacious in bite of insects like ''vishwambara,'' etc when used as snuff, collyrium and paste.[212-214]
==== Treatment of centipede poison ====
==== Treatment of centipede poison ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
स्वर्जिकाऽजशकृत्क्षारः सुरसाऽथाक्षिपीडकः |
स्वर्जिकाऽजशकृत्क्षारः सुरसाऽथाक्षिपीडकः |
मदिरामण्डसंयुक्तो हितः शतपदीविषे ||२१५||
मदिरामण्डसंयुक्तो हितः शतपदीविषे ||२१५||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
svarjikā'jaśakr̥tkṣāraḥ surasā'thākṣipīḍakaḥ [1] |
svarjikā'jaśakr̥tkṣāraḥ surasā'thākṣipīḍakaḥ [1] |
madirAmaNDasaMyukto hitaH shatapadIviShe ||215||
madirAmaNDasaMyukto hitaH shatapadIviShe ||215||
</div></div>
''Swarjika,'' excrements of goat, ''yavakshara'' (obtained by incinerating Hordeum vulgare), ''surasa'' (Ocimum sanctum), ''akshipeedaka''- this taken with wine scum is efficacious in centipede poisoning.[215]
''Swarjika,'' excrements of goat, ''yavakshara'' (obtained by incinerating Hordeum vulgare), ''surasa'' (Ocimum sanctum), ''akshipeedaka''- this taken with wine scum is efficacious in centipede poisoning.[215]
==== Treatment of house lizard poison ====
==== Treatment of house lizard poison ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
कपित्थमक्षिपीडोऽर्कबीजं त्रिकटुकं तथा |
कपित्थमक्षिपीडोऽर्कबीजं त्रिकटुकं तथा |
करञ्जो द्वे हरिद्रे च गृहगोधाविषं जयेत् ||२१६||
करञ्जो द्वे हरिद्रे च गृहगोधाविषं जयेत् ||२१६||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
kapitthamakṣipīḍō'rkabījaṁ trikaṭukaṁ tathā|
kapitthamakṣipīḍō'rkabījaṁ trikaṭukaṁ tathā|
kara~jjo dve haridre ca gRuhagodhAviShaM jayet ||216||
kara~jjo dve haridre ca gRuhagodhAviShaM jayet ||216||
</div></div>
''Kapittha'' (Feronia limonia), ''akshipeeda'' (Phaseolus lunactus), ''arka'' seeds (Calotropis procera), ''trikatu'' (Zingiber officinale, Piper nigrum, Piper longum), ''karanja'' (Pongamia pinnata), ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa) and ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata) – this formulation counteracts the poisoning by house lizard.[216]
''Kapittha'' (Feronia limonia), ''akshipeeda'' (Phaseolus lunactus), ''arka'' seeds (Calotropis procera), ''trikatu'' (Zingiber officinale, Piper nigrum, Piper longum), ''karanja'' (Pongamia pinnata), ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa) and ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata) – this formulation counteracts the poisoning by house lizard.[216]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
काकाण्डरससंयुक्तो विषाणां तण्डुलीयकः |
काकाण्डरससंयुक्तो विषाणां तण्डुलीयकः |
प्रधानो बर्हिपित्तेन तद्वद्वायसपीलुकः ||२१७||
प्रधानो बर्हिपित्तेन तद्वद्वायसपीलुकः ||२१७||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
kākāṇḍarasasaṁyuktō [3] viṣāṇāṁ taṇḍulīyakaḥ|
kākāṇḍarasasaṁyuktō [3] viṣāṇāṁ taṇḍulīyakaḥ|
pradhAno barhipittena tadvadvAyasapIlukaH ||217||
pradhAno barhipittena tadvadvAyasapIlukaH ||217||
</div></div>
''Tanduleeyaka'' (Amaranthus blitum) mixed with the juice of ''kaakanda'' (Mucuna prurita) is the prominent one among the anti poisonous and so is ''kakapiluka'' mixed with peacock's bile.[217]
''Tanduleeyaka'' (Amaranthus blitum) mixed with the juice of ''kaakanda'' (Mucuna prurita) is the prominent one among the anti poisonous and so is ''kakapiluka'' mixed with peacock's bile.[217]
==== ''Pancha shirisha agada'' ====
==== ''Pancha shirisha agada'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
शिरीषफलमूलत्वक्पुष्पपत्रैः समैर्धृतैः |
शिरीषफलमूलत्वक्पुष्पपत्रैः समैर्धृतैः |
इति पञ्चशिरीषोऽगदः |
इति पञ्चशिरीषोऽगदः |
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
śirīṣaphalamūlatvakpuṣpapatraiḥ samairdhr̥taiḥ|
śirīṣaphalamūlatvakpuṣpapatraiḥ samairdhr̥taiḥ|
iti pa~jcashirISho~agadaH |
iti pa~jcashirISho~agadaH |
</div></div>
The five parts- root, fruit, bark, flower and leaf of ''shireesha'' (Albizzia lebbeck) taken together in equal quantity is known as ''panchashireesha agada'' which is the best one for destroying the poison.[218]
The five parts- root, fruit, bark, flower and leaf of ''shireesha'' (Albizzia lebbeck) taken together in equal quantity is known as ''panchashireesha agada'' which is the best one for destroying the poison.[218]
==== Treatment of nail or teeth bite of animals ====
==== Treatment of nail or teeth bite of animals ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
चतुष्पद्भिर्द्विपद्भिर्वा नखदन्तक्षतं तु यत् |
चतुष्पद्भिर्द्विपद्भिर्वा नखदन्तक्षतं तु यत् |
रजन्यौ गैरिकं लेपो नखदन्तविषापहः ||२२०||
रजन्यौ गैरिकं लेपो नखदन्तविषापहः ||२२०||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
catuṣpadbhirdvipadbhirvā nakhadantakṣataṁ tu yat|
catuṣpadbhirdvipadbhirvā nakhadantakṣataṁ tu yat|
rajanyau gairikaM lepo nakhadantaviShApahaH ||220||
rajanyau gairikaM lepo nakhadantaviShApahaH ||220||
</div></div>
If the wound caused by the nails of teeth of quadrupeds or bipeds is swollen, inflamed and oozing and associated with fever, the paste of ''somavalka'' (Acacia catechu), ''ashwakarna'' (Dipterocarpus alatus), ''gojivha'' (Onosma bracteatum), ''hamsapaadi'' (Adiantum lunulatum), ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata) and ''gairika'' (red ochre) should be applied. It alleviates poisoning due to nails and teeth.[219-220]
If the wound caused by the nails of teeth of quadrupeds or bipeds is swollen, inflamed and oozing and associated with fever, the paste of ''somavalka'' (Acacia catechu), ''ashwakarna'' (Dipterocarpus alatus), ''gojivha'' (Onosma bracteatum), ''hamsapaadi'' (Adiantum lunulatum), ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata) and ''gairika'' (red ochre) should be applied. It alleviates poisoning due to nails and teeth.[219-220]
==== ''Shanka visha'' (pseudo poisoning) ====
==== ''Shanka visha'' (pseudo poisoning) ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
दुरन्धकारे विद्धस्य केनचिद्विषशङ्कया |
दुरन्धकारे विद्धस्य केनचिद्विषशङ्कया |
पानं समन्त्रपूताम्बु प्रोक्षणं सान्त्वहर्षणम् ||२२३||
पानं समन्त्रपूताम्बु प्रोक्षणं सान्त्वहर्षणम् ||२२३||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
durandhakārē viddhasya [1] kēnacidviṣaśaṅkayā|
durandhakārē viddhasya [1] kēnacidviṣaśaṅkayā|
pAnaM samantrapUtAmbu prokShaNaM sAntvaharShaNam ||223||
pAnaM samantrapUtAmbu prokShaNaM sAntvaharShaNam ||223||
</div></div>
In case one is pierced by something in the darkness which creates suspicion of snake bite due to poisoning like agitation fever, vomiting, fainting, burning sensation malaise, mental confusion and diarrhea may appear. This is known as ''shanka visha''.
In case one is pierced by something in the darkness which creates suspicion of snake bite due to poisoning like agitation fever, vomiting, fainting, burning sensation malaise, mental confusion and diarrhea may appear. This is known as ''shanka visha''.
==== Suitable diet in treatment of poisoning ====
==== Suitable diet in treatment of poisoning ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
शालयः षष्टिकाश्चैव कोरदूषाः प्रियङ्गवः |
शालयः षष्टिकाश्चैव कोरदूषाः प्रियङ्गवः |
भोजनार्थे प्रशस्यन्ते लवणार्थे च सैन्धवम् ||२२४||
भोजनार्थे प्रशस्यन्ते लवणार्थे च सैन्धवम् ||२२४||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
śālayaḥ ṣaṣṭikāścaiva kōradūṣāḥ priyaṅgavaḥ|
śālayaḥ ṣaṣṭikāścaiva kōradūṣāḥ priyaṅgavaḥ|
bhojanArthe prashasyante lavaNArthe ca saindhavam ||224||
bhojanArthe prashasyante lavaNArthe ca saindhavam ||224||
</div></div>
''Shali'' rice (Foeniculum vulgare), ''shashtika'' rice (Oriza sativa), common millet and Indian millet are recommended as diet and rock salt for salting purpose.[224]
''Shali'' rice (Foeniculum vulgare), ''shashtika'' rice (Oriza sativa), common millet and Indian millet are recommended as diet and rock salt for salting purpose.[224]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
तण्डुलीयकजीवन्तीवार्ताकसुनिषण्णकाः |
तण्डुलीयकजीवन्तीवार्ताकसुनिषण्णकाः |
चुच्चूर्मण्डूकपर्णी च शाकं च कुलकं हितम् ||२२५||
चुच्चूर्मण्डूकपर्णी च शाकं च कुलकं हितम् ||२२५||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
taṇḍulīyakajīvantīvārtākasuniṣaṇṇakāḥ|
taṇḍulīyakajīvantīvārtākasuniṣaṇṇakāḥ|
cuccUrmaNDUkaparNI ca shAkaM ca kulakaM hitam ||225||
cuccUrmaNDUkaparNI ca shAkaM ca kulakaM hitam ||225||
</div></div>
''Tanduleeyaka'' (Amaranthus spinosus), ''jeevanti'' (Leptadenia reticulate), ''vartaka'' (Solanum melongena), ''sunishannaka'' (Solanum melongena), ''cuccur'' (Corchorus aestuans) , ''mandukaparni'' (Centella asiatica), ''shaka'' and ''kulaka'' (Trichosanthus dioica) are wholesome as vegetables.[225]
''Tanduleeyaka'' (Amaranthus spinosus), ''jeevanti'' (Leptadenia reticulate), ''vartaka'' (Solanum melongena), ''sunishannaka'' (Solanum melongena), ''cuccur'' (Corchorus aestuans) , ''mandukaparni'' (Centella asiatica), ''shaka'' and ''kulaka'' (Trichosanthus dioica) are wholesome as vegetables.[225]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
धात्री दाडिममम्लार्थे यूषा मुद्गहरेणुभिः |
धात्री दाडिममम्लार्थे यूषा मुद्गहरेणुभिः |
रसाश्चैणशिखिश्वाविल्लावतैत्तिरपार्षताः ||२२६||
रसाश्चैणशिखिश्वाविल्लावतैत्तिरपार्षताः ||२२६||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
dhātrī dāḍimamamlārthē yūṣā mudgaharēṇubhiḥ|
dhātrī dāḍimamamlārthē yūṣā mudgaharēṇubhiḥ|
rasAshcaiNashikhishvAvillAvataittirapArShatAH ||226||
rasAshcaiNashikhishvAvillAvataittirapArShatAH ||226||
</div></div>
To cause sourness in food-''dhatri'' (Emblica officinalis), ''dadima'' (Punica granatum) should be used. Soup should be prepared using ''mudga'' (Phaseolus mungo) and ''harenu'' (Vitex negundo). ''mamsa rasa'' of ''ina'' (antelope), ''shikhi'' (peacock), ''avi'' (porcupine), ''lava'' (common quail), ''taittira'' (partridge), ''parsha'' (spotted deer) are the remedies in cases of poison.[226]
To cause sourness in food-''dhatri'' (Emblica officinalis), ''dadima'' (Punica granatum) should be used. Soup should be prepared using ''mudga'' (Phaseolus mungo) and ''harenu'' (Vitex negundo). ''mamsa rasa'' of ''ina'' (antelope), ''shikhi'' (peacock), ''avi'' (porcupine), ''lava'' (common quail), ''taittira'' (partridge), ''parsha'' (spotted deer) are the remedies in cases of poison.[226]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
विषघ्नौषधसंयुक्ता रसा यूषाश्च संस्कृताः |
विषघ्नौषधसंयुक्ता रसा यूषाश्च संस्कृताः |
अविदाहीनि चान्नानि विषार्तानां भिषग्जितम् ||२२७||
अविदाहीनि चान्नानि विषार्तानां भिषग्जितम् ||२२७||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
viṣaghnauṣadhasaṁyuktā rasā yūṣāśca saṁskr̥tāḥ|
viṣaghnauṣadhasaṁyuktā rasā yūṣāśca saṁskr̥tāḥ|
avidAhIni cAnnAni viShArtAnAM bhiShagjitam ||227||
avidAhIni cAnnAni viShArtAnAM bhiShagjitam ||227||
</div></div>
Soups and meat juices prepared with drugs curative of poisons and the food which is non irritant are the remedies in cases of poison.[227]
Soups and meat juices prepared with drugs curative of poisons and the food which is non irritant are the remedies in cases of poison.[227]
==== Unsuitable diet and lifestyle ====
==== Unsuitable diet and lifestyle ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
विरुद्धाध्यशनक्रोधक्षुद्भयायासमैथुनम् |
विरुद्धाध्यशनक्रोधक्षुद्भयायासमैथुनम् |
वर्जयेद्विषमुक्तोऽपि दिवास्वप्नं विशेषतः ||२२८||
वर्जयेद्विषमुक्तोऽपि दिवास्वप्नं विशेषतः ||२२८||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
viruddhādhyaśanakrōdhakṣudbhayāyāsamaithunam|
viruddhādhyaśanakrōdhakṣudbhayāyāsamaithunam|
varjayedviShamukto~api divAsvapnaM visheShataH ||228||
varjayedviShamukto~api divAsvapnaM visheShataH ||228||
</div></div>
The person though cured of poison should avoid antagonistic diet, over feeding, anger, fear, exertion and sexual intercourse and day sleep particularly.[228]
The person though cured of poison should avoid antagonistic diet, over feeding, anger, fear, exertion and sexual intercourse and day sleep particularly.[228]
==== Signs of poisoning in quadruped animals ====
==== Signs of poisoning in quadruped animals ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
मुहुर्मुहुः शिरोन्यासः शोथः स्रस्तौष्ठकर्णाता |
मुहुर्मुहुः शिरोन्यासः शोथः स्रस्तौष्ठकर्णाता |
चतुष्पदां भवत्येतद्दष्टानामिह लक्षणम् ||२३०||
चतुष्पदां भवत्येतद्दष्टानामिह लक्षणम् ||२३०||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
muhurmuhuḥ śirōnyāsaḥ śōthaḥ srastauṣṭhakarṇātā [1] |
muhurmuhuḥ śirōnyāsaḥ śōthaḥ srastauṣṭhakarṇātā [1] |
catuShpadAM bhavatyetaddaShTAnAmiha lakShaNam ||230||
catuShpadAM bhavatyetaddaShTAnAmiha lakShaNam ||230||
</div></div>
Repeated jerks of the head, edema, drooping of the lips and the ears, fever, rigidity of the eyes and limbs, tremors of the jaw, contortions of the body, falling of hair, exhaustion, depression, trembling, and circumambulation are the symptoms in quadrupeds bitten by poisonous creatures.[229-230]
Repeated jerks of the head, edema, drooping of the lips and the ears, fever, rigidity of the eyes and limbs, tremors of the jaw, contortions of the body, falling of hair, exhaustion, depression, trembling, and circumambulation are the symptoms in quadrupeds bitten by poisonous creatures.[229-230]
==== Treatment of poisoning in animals ====
==== Treatment of poisoning in animals ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
देवदारु हरिद्रे द्वे सरलं चन्दनागुरु |
देवदारु हरिद्रे द्वे सरलं चन्दनागुरु |
चतुष्पदानां दष्टानामगदः सार्वकार्मिकः ||२३२||
चतुष्पदानां दष्टानामगदः सार्वकार्मिकः ||२३२||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
dēvadāru haridrē dvē saralaṁ [2] candanāguru|
dēvadāru haridrē dvē saralaṁ [2] candanāguru|
catuShpadAnAM daShTAnAmagadaH sArvakArmikaH ||232||
catuShpadAnAM daShTAnAmagadaH sArvakArmikaH ||232||
</div></div>
''Devadaru'' (Cedrus deoda), ''haridra,'' (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata), ''sarala'' (Pinus longifolia), ''chandana'' (Santalum album), ''aguru'' (Aqualaria agallocha), ''rasna'' (Alpinio officinarum), ''gorochana'' (Bile of cow), ''ajaji'' (Cuminum cyminum), ''guggulu'' (Commiphora mukul), ''ikshurasa'' (Saccharum officinarum), ''nata churna, saindhava'' (rock salt), ''ananta'' along with cows bile and honey makes a universal remedy for poisonous bites in the quadrupeds.[231-232]
''Devadaru'' (Cedrus deoda), ''haridra,'' (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata), ''sarala'' (Pinus longifolia), ''chandana'' (Santalum album), ''aguru'' (Aqualaria agallocha), ''rasna'' (Alpinio officinarum), ''gorochana'' (Bile of cow), ''ajaji'' (Cuminum cyminum), ''guggulu'' (Commiphora mukul), ''ikshurasa'' (Saccharum officinarum), ''nata churna, saindhava'' (rock salt), ''ananta'' along with cows bile and honey makes a universal remedy for poisonous bites in the quadrupeds.[231-232]
==== ''Gara visha'' (slow acting artificial poison) ====
==== ''Gara visha'' (slow acting artificial poison) ====
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सौभाग्यार्थं स्त्रियः स्वेदरजोनानाङ्गजान्मलान् |
सौभाग्यार्थं स्त्रियः स्वेदरजोनानाङ्गजान्मलान् |
शत्रुप्रयुक्तांश्च गरान् प्रयच्छन्त्यन्नमिश्रितान् ||२३३||
शत्रुप्रयुक्तांश्च गरान् प्रयच्छन्त्यन्नमिश्रितान् ||२३३||
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saubhAgyArthaM striyaH svedarajonAnA~ggajAnmalAn |
saubhAgyArthaM striyaH svedarajonAnA~ggajAnmalAn |
śatruprayuktāṁśca garān prayacchantyannamiśritān||233||
śatruprayuktāṁśca garān prayacchantyannamiśritān||233||
</div></div>
With the view to gain the favor of their husbands, women administer to them their sweat, menstrual discharge, saliva and excreta from other parts of the body and also the ''gara'' or artificial poison prepared by enemies, mixing these with the food.[233]
With the view to gain the favor of their husbands, women administer to them their sweat, menstrual discharge, saliva and excreta from other parts of the body and also the ''gara'' or artificial poison prepared by enemies, mixing these with the food.[233]
==== Effects of ''gara visha'' ====
==== Effects of ''gara visha'' ====
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तैः स्यात् पाण्डुः कृशोऽल्पाग्निर्गरश्चास्योपजायते |
तैः स्यात् पाण्डुः कृशोऽल्पाग्निर्गरश्चास्योपजायते |
विकर्णनासिकं वाऽपि प्रपश्येद्विहतेन्द्रियः ||२३७||
विकर्णनासिकं वाऽपि प्रपश्येद्विहतेन्द्रियः ||२३७||
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taiḥ syāt pāṇḍuḥ kr̥śō'lpāgnirgaraścāsyōpajāyatē|
taiḥ syāt pāṇḍuḥ kr̥śō'lpāgnirgaraścāsyōpajāyatē|
vikarNanAsikaM vA~api prapashyedvihatendriyaH ||237||
vikarNanAsikaM vA~api prapashyedvihatendriyaH ||237||
</div></div>
As a result of such administration of poison, the person will show symptoms of anemia, emaciation, weakness of the digestive power, palpitation of the heart, distension of the abdomen and edema of hands and feet, abdominal diseases, assimilation disorders, ''gulma,'' depletion of ''dhatus'', fever and similar other disorders. He perceives in his dreams generally cats, jackals, cruel animals, mangoose and monkey, dried up rivers or other sources of water and withered trees. If he be of dark complexion, he sees himself as bright in dreams and vice versa. He also sees himself in dreams without ears and nose or injured in his sense organs.[234-237]
As a result of such administration of poison, the person will show symptoms of anemia, emaciation, weakness of the digestive power, palpitation of the heart, distension of the abdomen and edema of hands and feet, abdominal diseases, assimilation disorders, ''gulma,'' depletion of ''dhatus'', fever and similar other disorders. He perceives in his dreams generally cats, jackals, cruel animals, mangoose and monkey, dried up rivers or other sources of water and withered trees. If he be of dark complexion, he sees himself as bright in dreams and vice versa. He also sees himself in dreams without ears and nose or injured in his sense organs.[234-237]
==== Treatment of ''gara visha'' ====
==== Treatment of ''gara visha'' ====
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तमवेक्ष्य भिषक् प्राज्ञाः पृच्छेत् किं कैः कदा सह |
तमवेक्ष्य भिषक् प्राज्ञाः पृच्छेत् किं कैः कदा सह |
जग्धमित्यवगम्याशु प्रदद्याद्वमनं भिषक् ||२३८||
जग्धमित्यवगम्याशु प्रदद्याद्वमनं भिषक् ||२३८||
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tamavēkṣya bhiṣak prājñāḥ pr̥cchēt kiṁ kaiḥ kadā saha|
tamavēkṣya bhiṣak prājñāḥ pr̥cchēt kiṁ kaiḥ kadā saha|
jagdhamityavagamyAshu pradadyAdvamanaM bhiShak ||238||
jagdhamityavagamyAshu pradadyAdvamanaM bhiShak ||238||
</div></div>
Seeing such a person, the intelligent physician should ask what kind of food, when and in whose company he had eaten and thus ascertain the cause of ''gara'' so that it can be avoided. Later he should be administered with emesis therapy.[238]
Seeing such a person, the intelligent physician should ask what kind of food, when and in whose company he had eaten and thus ascertain the cause of ''gara'' so that it can be avoided. Later he should be administered with emesis therapy.[238]
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सूक्ष्मं ताम्ररजस्तस्मै सक्षौद्रं हृद्विशोधनम् |
सूक्ष्मं ताम्ररजस्तस्मै सक्षौद्रं हृद्विशोधनम् |
न सज्जते हेमपाङ्गे विषं पद्मदलेऽम्बुवत् ||२४०||
न सज्जते हेमपाङ्गे विषं पद्मदलेऽम्बुवत् ||२४०||
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sūkṣmaṁ tāmrarajastasmai sakṣaudraṁ hr̥dviśōdhanam|
sūkṣmaṁ tāmrarajastasmai sakṣaudraṁ hr̥dviśōdhanam|
na sajjate hemapA~gge viShaM padmadale~ambuvat ||240||
na sajjate hemapA~gge viShaM padmadale~ambuvat ||240||
</div></div>
Fine powder of copper mixed with honey is shall be administered first for ''hrid shodhana''. or ''hridayaavarana''. This induces emesis. He should then be administered with ''shana matra'' (three grams )of ''suvarna bhasma''. Gold quickly destroys all poisons even ''gara visha''. Just as water fallen on lotus leaves cannot wet it, ''visha'' cannot destroy a person who is administered with ''swarna bhasma''.[239-240]
Fine powder of copper mixed with honey is shall be administered first for ''hrid shodhana''. or ''hridayaavarana''. This induces emesis. He should then be administered with ''shana matra'' (three grams )of ''suvarna bhasma''. Gold quickly destroys all poisons even ''gara visha''. Just as water fallen on lotus leaves cannot wet it, ''visha'' cannot destroy a person who is administered with ''swarna bhasma''.[239-240]
==== ''Nagadantyadi'' ghee ====
==== ''Nagadantyadi'' ghee ====
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नागदन्तीत्रिवृद्दन्तीद्रवन्तीस्नुक्पयःफलैः |
नागदन्तीत्रिवृद्दन्तीद्रवन्तीस्नुक्पयःफलैः |
सर्पकीटविषार्तानां गरार्तानां च शान्तये |२४२|
सर्पकीटविषार्तानां गरार्तानां च शान्तये |२४२|
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nāgadantītrivr̥ddantīdravantīsnukpayaḥphalaiḥ|
nāgadantītrivr̥ddantīdravantīsnukpayaḥphalaiḥ|
sarpakITaviShArtAnAM garArtAnAM ca shAntaye |242|
sarpakITaviShArtAnAM garArtAnAM ca shAntaye |242|
</div></div>
Ghee obtained from buffalo’s milk and processed with ''nagadanti'' (Croton oblongifolius), ''trivrit'' (Operculina turpethum), ''danti, dravanti'' (Balliospermum montanum), ''snukpaya, madanaphala'' and one ''adhaka'' of cow's urine is an effective remedy in case of poison due to snake and insect bite and in ''gara visha''.[241-242]
Ghee obtained from buffalo’s milk and processed with ''nagadanti'' (Croton oblongifolius), ''trivrit'' (Operculina turpethum), ''danti, dravanti'' (Balliospermum montanum), ''snukpaya, madanaphala'' and one ''adhaka'' of cow's urine is an effective remedy in case of poison due to snake and insect bite and in ''gara visha''.[241-242]
==== ''Amrita'' Ghee ====
==== ''Amrita'' Ghee ====
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शिरीषत्वक् त्रिकटुकं त्रिफलां चन्दनोत्पले ||२४२||
शिरीषत्वक् त्रिकटुकं त्रिफलां चन्दनोत्पले ||२४२||
इत्यमृतघृतम् |
इत्यमृतघृतम् |
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śirīṣatvak trikaṭukaṁ triphalāṁ candanōtpalē||242||
śirīṣatvak trikaṭukaṁ triphalāṁ candanōtpalē||242||
ityamRutaghRutam |
ityamRutaghRutam |
</div></div>
One ''adhaka'' of ghee cooked by adding the paste of one ''aksha'' each of bark of ''shirisha'' (Albizzia lebbeck), ''shunthi'' (Zingiber officinale), ''pippali'' (Piper longum), ''maricha'' (Piper nigrum), ''triphala'' (Terminalia chebula, Emblica officinalia, Terminalia bellerica), ''chandana'' (Santalum album), ''utpala'' (Nelumbo nucifera), ''bala'' (Sida cordifolia), ''atibala'' (Abutilon indicum), ''sariva'' (Hemidismus indicus), ''asphota'' (Semicarpus anacardium), ''surabhi, nimbi'' (Azardirachta indica), ''patala'' (Stereospermum suaveolens), ''bandhujiva'' (Pentopetes phoenicea), ''adhaki'' (Cajanus cajan), ''murva'' (Marsdenia tenacissima), ''vasa'' (Adathoda vasica), ''surasa'' (Occimum sanctum), ''vatsaka'' (Holarrhena antidysentrica), ''patha'' (Cissambelos Pereira), ''ankola'' (Alangium saufolium), ''ashvagandha'' (Withania somnifera), ''arkamula'' (Calotropis procera), ''yashtimadhu'' (Glycyrrhiza glabra), ''padmaka'' (Prunus cerasoides), ''vishala'' (Trichosanthes bracteata), ''brihati'' (Solanum indicum), ''laksha, kovidara'' (Bauhninia variegate), ''shatavari'' (Asparagus recemosa), ''katabhi'' (Albizzia procera), ''danti'' (Maliospermum montanum), ''apamarga'' (Achyranthus aspera), ''prushniparni rasanjjana'' (Extracts of Berberis aristata), ''shvetabhanda'' (Albizzia procera), ''ashvakhuraka'' (Clitoria ternatea), ''kushtha'' (Saussurea lappa), ''daru'' (Cedrus deodara), ''priyangu'' (Calicarpa macrophylla), ''vidari'' (Puraria tuberose), ''madhuka sara'' (Glycerrhiza glabra) , ''karanja'' fruit (Pongamia pinnata), bark ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata) and ''lodhra'' (Symplocos racemosa), two ''adhaka'' of water, three ''adhaka'' of cows urine and goats urine each. This recipe cures poison, epilepsy, depletion of ''dhatus'', insanity, ''gara, udara,'' anemia, parasitic infestation, ''gulma,'' splenic disorders, stiffness of thighs, jaundice, stiffness of jaws and shoulders, etc. when used in the form of drink, massage and inhalation therapy. It helps in the revival of persons who appear to be dead due to poisons and hanging. This combination is called as ''amrita ghrita'' and is best suited in all cases of poisoning.[242-249]
One ''adhaka'' of ghee cooked by adding the paste of one ''aksha'' each of bark of ''shirisha'' (Albizzia lebbeck), ''shunthi'' (Zingiber officinale), ''pippali'' (Piper longum), ''maricha'' (Piper nigrum), ''triphala'' (Terminalia chebula, Emblica officinalia, Terminalia bellerica), ''chandana'' (Santalum album), ''utpala'' (Nelumbo nucifera), ''bala'' (Sida cordifolia), ''atibala'' (Abutilon indicum), ''sariva'' (Hemidismus indicus), ''asphota'' (Semicarpus anacardium), ''surabhi, nimbi'' (Azardirachta indica), ''patala'' (Stereospermum suaveolens), ''bandhujiva'' (Pentopetes phoenicea), ''adhaki'' (Cajanus cajan), ''murva'' (Marsdenia tenacissima), ''vasa'' (Adathoda vasica), ''surasa'' (Occimum sanctum), ''vatsaka'' (Holarrhena antidysentrica), ''patha'' (Cissambelos Pereira), ''ankola'' (Alangium saufolium), ''ashvagandha'' (Withania somnifera), ''arkamula'' (Calotropis procera), ''yashtimadhu'' (Glycyrrhiza glabra), ''padmaka'' (Prunus cerasoides), ''vishala'' (Trichosanthes bracteata), ''brihati'' (Solanum indicum), ''laksha, kovidara'' (Bauhninia variegate), ''shatavari'' (Asparagus recemosa), ''katabhi'' (Albizzia procera), ''danti'' (Maliospermum montanum), ''apamarga'' (Achyranthus aspera), ''prushniparni rasanjjana'' (Extracts of Berberis aristata), ''shvetabhanda'' (Albizzia procera), ''ashvakhuraka'' (Clitoria ternatea), ''kushtha'' (Saussurea lappa), ''daru'' (Cedrus deodara), ''priyangu'' (Calicarpa macrophylla), ''vidari'' (Puraria tuberose), ''madhuka sara'' (Glycerrhiza glabra) , ''karanja'' fruit (Pongamia pinnata), bark ''haridra'' (Curcuma longa), ''daruharidra'' (Berberis aristata) and ''lodhra'' (Symplocos racemosa), two ''adhaka'' of water, three ''adhaka'' of cows urine and goats urine each. This recipe cures poison, epilepsy, depletion of ''dhatus'', insanity, ''gara, udara,'' anemia, parasitic infestation, ''gulma,'' splenic disorders, stiffness of thighs, jaundice, stiffness of jaws and shoulders, etc. when used in the form of drink, massage and inhalation therapy. It helps in the revival of persons who appear to be dead due to poisons and hanging. This combination is called as ''amrita ghrita'' and is best suited in all cases of poisoning.[242-249]
==== Lifestyle to avoid snake bite ====
==== Lifestyle to avoid snake bite ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
भवन्ति चात्र-
भवन्ति चात्र-
तच्छायाशब्दवित्रस्ताः प्रणश्यन्त्याशु पन्नगाः ||२५०||
तच्छायाशब्दवित्रस्ताः प्रणश्यन्त्याशु पन्नगाः ||२५०||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
bhavanti cātra-
bhavanti cātra-
tacchAyAshabdavitrastAH praNashyantyAshu pannagAH ||250||
tacchAyAshabdavitrastAH praNashyantyAshu pannagAH ||250||
</div></div>
One should move about with an umbrella in day time and with a rattling stick in hand at night so that with their shade and sound respectively the snakes get frightened and go away. [250]
One should move about with an umbrella in day time and with a rattling stick in hand at night so that with their shade and sound respectively the snakes get frightened and go away. [250]
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दष्टमात्रो दशेदाशु तं सर्पं लोष्टमेव वा |
दष्टमात्रो दशेदाशु तं सर्पं लोष्टमेव वा |
उपर्यरिष्टां बध्नीयाद्दंशं छिन्द्याद्दहेत्तथा ||२५१||
उपर्यरिष्टां बध्नीयाद्दंशं छिन्द्याद्दहेत्तथा ||२५१||
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daṣṭamātrō daśēdāśu taṁ sarpaṁ lōṣṭamēva vā|
daṣṭamātrō daśēdāśu taṁ sarpaṁ lōṣṭamēva vā|
uparyariShTAM badhnIyAddaMshaM chindyAddahettathA ||251||
uparyariShTAM badhnIyAddaMshaM chindyAddahettathA ||251||
</div></div>
Immediately after a snake bite, the person should bite the snake itself if possible or otherwise bite a clod of earth. Thereafter a tourniquet should be tied above the site of bite and the place of bite should be incised as well as cauterized.[251]
Immediately after a snake bite, the person should bite the snake itself if possible or otherwise bite a clod of earth. Thereafter a tourniquet should be tied above the site of bite and the place of bite should be incised as well as cauterized.[251]
==== Wearing gems for preventing poisonous effects ====
==== Wearing gems for preventing poisonous effects ====
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वज्रं मरकतः सारः पिचुको विषमूषिका |
वज्रं मरकतः सारः पिचुको विषमूषिका |
खगाश्च शारिकाक्रौञ्चशिखिहंसशुकादयः ||२५३||
खगाश्च शारिकाक्रौञ्चशिखिहंसशुकादयः ||२५३||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
vajraṁ marakataḥ sāraḥ picukō viṣamūṣikā|
vajraṁ marakataḥ sāraḥ picukō viṣamūṣikā|
khagAshca shArikAkrau~jcashikhihaMsashukAdayaH ||253||
khagAshca shArikAkrau~jcashikhihaMsashukAdayaH ||253||
</div></div>
Wearing of diamond, emerald, and other precious gems gives immunity against poisons. Keeping or domesticating different birds is also useful to overcome poisons.[252-253]
Wearing of diamond, emerald, and other precious gems gives immunity against poisons. Keeping or domesticating different birds is also useful to overcome poisons.[252-253]
==== Summary ====
==== Summary ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
तत्र श्लोकः-
तत्र श्लोकः-
अधीत्य विज्ञाय तथा प्रयोजयन् व्रजेद्विषाणामविषह्यतां बुधः ||२५४||
अधीत्य विज्ञाय तथा प्रयोजयन् व्रजेद्विषाणामविषह्यतां बुधः ||२५४||
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tatra ślōkaḥ-
tatra ślōkaḥ-
adhItya vij~jAya tathA prayojayan vrajedviShANAmaviShahyatAM budhaH ||254||
adhItya vij~jAya tathA prayojayan vrajedviShANAmaviShahyatAM budhaH ||254||
</div></div>
To sum up, details of two categories of poisons along with several types of medicine to cure the ailments caused by these poisons are described in this chapter. The intelligent physician who studies and knows the objectives of these remedies can overcome these poisons by the application of his knowledge and experience.[254]
To sum up, details of two categories of poisons along with several types of medicine to cure the ailments caused by these poisons are described in this chapter. The intelligent physician who studies and knows the objectives of these remedies can overcome these poisons by the application of his knowledge and experience.[254]
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इत्यग्निवेशकृते तन्त्रे चरकप्रतिसंस्कृते चिकित्सास्थाने
इत्यग्निवेशकृते तन्त्रे चरकप्रतिसंस्कृते चिकित्सास्थाने
विषचिकित्सितं नाम त्रयोविंशोऽध्या यः ||२३||
विषचिकित्सितं नाम त्रयोविंशोऽध्या यः ||२३||
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ityagnivēśakr̥tē tantrē carakapratisaṁskr̥tē cikitsāsthānē
ityagnivēśakr̥tē tantrē carakapratisaṁskr̥tē cikitsāsthānē
viShacikitsitaM nAma trayoviMsho~adhyAyaH ||23||
viShacikitsitaM nAma trayoviMsho~adhyAyaH ||23||
</div></div>
Thus ends the twenty third chapter of the [[Chikitsa Sthana]] dealing with the treatment of poisons of Agnivesha’s work as redacted by Charak.[23]
Thus ends the twenty third chapter of the [[Chikitsa Sthana]] dealing with the treatment of poisons of Agnivesha’s work as redacted by Charak.[23]