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{{#seo:
|title=Snehadhyaya
|titlemode=append
|keywords=Sneha(lipids), snehana (oleation therapy), fat and lipid metabolism, abhyanga (therapeutic massage), ghee, oil, marrow, fat, alternative options for oleation therapy
|description=Sutra Sthana Chapter 13. Oleation therapies
}}
<big>'''Sutra Sthana Chapter 13. Oleation therapies '''</big>
<big>'''Sutra Sthana Chapter 13. Oleation therapies '''</big>
===Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation===
===Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation===
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
अथातः स्नेहाध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः||१||
अथातः स्नेहाध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः||१||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
athātaḥ snēhādhyāyaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1||
athātaḥ snēhādhyāyaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1||
athAtaH SnehadhyAyaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH||1||
athAtaH SnehadhyAyaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH||1||
</div></div>
Hereafter, we will describe chapter [[Snehadhyaya]] (chapter on oleation therapies). [1]
Hereafter, we will describe chapter [[Snehadhyaya]] (chapter on oleation therapies). [1]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||
इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
iti ha smāha bhagavānātrēyaḥ||2||
iti ha smāha bhagavānātrēyaḥ||2||
iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||
iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||
</div></div>
thus said adorable Atreya. [2]
thus said adorable Atreya. [2]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
साङ्ख्यैः सङ्ख्यातसङ्ख्येयैः सहासीनं पुनर्वसुम्|
साङ्ख्यैः सङ्ख्यातसङ्ख्येयैः सहासीनं पुनर्वसुम्|
जगद्धितार्थं पप्रच्छ वह्निवेशः स्वसंशयम्||३||
जगद्धितार्थं पप्रच्छ वह्निवेशः स्वसंशयम्||३||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
sāṅkhyaiḥ saṅkhyātasaṅkhyēyaiḥ sahāsīnaṁ punarvasum|
sāṅkhyaiḥ saṅkhyātasaṅkhyēyaiḥ sahāsīnaṁ punarvasum|
sA~gkhyaiH sa~gkhyAtasa~gkhyeyaiH sahAsInaM punarvasum|
sA~gkhyaiH sa~gkhyAtasa~gkhyeyaiH sahAsInaM punarvasum|
jagaddhitArthaM papraccha vahniveshaH svasaMshayam||3||
jagaddhitArthaM papraccha vahniveshaH svasaMshayam||3||
</div></div>
Noticing Punarvasu sitting among learned sages, Agnivesha shared his doubts for the wellbeing of world by asking the following questions [3]
Noticing Punarvasu sitting among learned sages, Agnivesha shared his doubts for the wellbeing of world by asking the following questions [3]
==== Questions asked by Agnivesha ====
==== Questions asked by Agnivesha ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
किंयोनयः कति स्नेहाः के च स्नेहगुणाः पृथक्|
किंयोनयः कति स्नेहाः के च स्नेहगुणाः पृथक्|
विचारणाः केषु योज्या विधिना केन तत् प्रभो!|
विचारणाः केषु योज्या विधिना केन तत् प्रभो!|
स्नेहस्यामितविज्ञान ज्ञानमिच्छामि वेदितुम्||८||
स्नेहस्यामितविज्ञान ज्ञानमिच्छामि वेदितुम्||८||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
kiṁyōnayaḥ kati snēhāḥ kē ca snēhaguṇāḥ pr̥thak|
kiṁyōnayaḥ kati snēhāḥ kē ca snēhaguṇāḥ pr̥thak|
vicAraNAH keShu yojyA vidhinA kena tat prabho!|
vicAraNAH keShu yojyA vidhinA kena tat prabho!|
SnehasyAmitavij~jAna j~jAnamicchAmi veditum||8||
SnehasyAmitavij~jAna j~jAnamicchAmi veditum||8||
</div></div>
*What are the sources of ''sneha'' (fats)?
*What are the sources of ''sneha'' (fats)?
==== Sources of lipids ====
==== Sources of lipids ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
अथ तत्संशयच्छेत्ता प्रत्युवाच पुनर्वसुः|
अथ तत्संशयच्छेत्ता प्रत्युवाच पुनर्वसुः|
स्नेहाशयाः स्थावरसञ्ज्ञितास्तथा स्युर्जङ्गमा मत्स्यमृगाः सपक्षिणः|
स्नेहाशयाः स्थावरसञ्ज्ञितास्तथा स्युर्जङ्गमा मत्स्यमृगाः सपक्षिणः|
तेषां दधिक्षीरघृतामिषं वसा स्नेहेषु मज्जा च तथोपदिश्यते||११||
तेषां दधिक्षीरघृतामिषं वसा स्नेहेषु मज्जा च तथोपदिश्यते||११||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
atha tatsaṁśayacchēttā pratyuvāca punarvasuḥ|
atha tatsaṁśayacchēttā pratyuvāca punarvasuḥ|
SnehashayAH sthAvarasa~jj~jitAstathA syurja~ggamA matsyamRugAH sapakShiNaH|
SnehashayAH sthAvarasa~jj~jitAstathA syurja~ggamA matsyamRugAH sapakShiNaH|
teShAM dadhikShIraghRutAmiShaM vasA sneheShu majjA ca tathopadishyate||11||
teShAM dadhikShIraghRutAmiShaM vasA sneheShu majjA ca tathopadishyate||11||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
To remove all doubts (of Agnivesha), Punarvasu replied, “Dear (Agnivesha) ''snehayoni'' (sources of fats) are of two types: ''Sthavara'' (Vegetable origin) and ''Jangama'' (Animal origin).
To remove all doubts (of Agnivesha), Punarvasu replied, “Dear (Agnivesha) ''snehayoni'' (sources of fats) are of two types: ''Sthavara'' (Vegetable origin) and ''Jangama'' (Animal origin).
==== Oils ====
==== Oils ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
सर्वेषां तैलजातानां तिलतैलं विशिष्यते|
सर्वेषां तैलजातानां तिलतैलं विशिष्यते|
(कटूष्णं तैलमैरण्डं वातश्लेष्महरं गुरु |
(कटूष्णं तैलमैरण्डं वातश्लेष्महरं गुरु |
कषायस्वादुतिक्तैश्च योजितं पित्तहन्त्रपि ||१||)|
कषायस्वादुतिक्तैश्च योजितं पित्तहन्त्रपि ||१||)|
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
sarvēṣāṁ tailajātānāṁ tilatailaṁ viśiṣyatē|
sarvēṣāṁ tailajātānāṁ tilatailaṁ viśiṣyatē|
(kaTUShNaM tailamairaNDaM vAtashleShmaharaM guru |
(kaTUShNaM tailamairaNDaM vAtashleShmaharaM guru |
kaShAyasvAdutiktaishca yojitaM Pittahantrapi ||1||)|
kaShAyasvAdutiktaishca yojitaM Pittahantrapi ||1||)|
</div></div>
Among all varieties of oils, sesame oil is considered the best and is ideal for giving strength and unctuousness. Castor oil is the best for ''virechana'' (purgation). It is pungent, ''ushna virya'' (hot potency), alleviates vitiated ''vata'' and ''kapha'', ''guru'' (dense, viscous or heavy) in nature and when used with astringent, sweet, bitter drugs it also helps mitigate aggrevated ''pitta''. [12]
Among all varieties of oils, sesame oil is considered the best and is ideal for giving strength and unctuousness. Castor oil is the best for ''virechana'' (purgation). It is pungent, ''ushna virya'' (hot potency), alleviates vitiated ''vata'' and ''kapha'', ''guru'' (dense, viscous or heavy) in nature and when used with astringent, sweet, bitter drugs it also helps mitigate aggrevated ''pitta''. [12]
==== Four major lipids ====
==== Four major lipids ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
सर्पिस्तैलं वसा मज्जा सर्वस्नेहोत्तमा मताः|
सर्पिस्तैलं वसा मज्जा सर्वस्नेहोत्तमा मताः|
एषु चैवोत्तमं सर्पिः संस्कारस्यानुवर्तनात्||१३||
एषु चैवोत्तमं सर्पिः संस्कारस्यानुवर्तनात्||१३||
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sarpistailaṁ vasā majjā sarvasnēhōttamā matāḥ|
sarpistailaṁ vasā majjā sarvasnēhōttamā matāḥ|
sarpistailaM vasA majjA sarvasnehottamA matAH|
sarpistailaM vasA majjA sarvasnehottamA matAH|
eShu caivottamaM sarpiH saMskArasyAnuvartanAt||13||
eShu caivottamaM sarpiH saMskArasyAnuvartanAt||13||
</div></div>
''Ghrita'' (clarified butter), oil (of sesame), ''vasa'' (muscle fat) and ''majja'' (bone marrow) are considered the best ''sneha''. Among these, ''ghrita'' is superior as it possesses the qualities of ''samskara'' i.e. blending with other substances having different properties without losing its own properties. [13]
''Ghrita'' (clarified butter), oil (of sesame), ''vasa'' (muscle fat) and ''majja'' (bone marrow) are considered the best ''sneha''. Among these, ''ghrita'' is superior as it possesses the qualities of ''samskara'' i.e. blending with other substances having different properties without losing its own properties. [13]
==== Benefits of lipids ====
==== Benefits of lipids ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
घृतं पित्तानिलहरं रसशुक्रौजसां हितम्|
घृतं पित्तानिलहरं रसशुक्रौजसां हितम्|
बलशुक्ररसश्लेष्ममेदोमज्जविवर्धनः|
बलशुक्ररसश्लेष्ममेदोमज्जविवर्धनः|
मज्जा विशेषतोऽस्थ्नां च बलकृत् स्नेहने हितः||१७||
मज्जा विशेषतोऽस्थ्नां च बलकृत् स्नेहने हितः||१७||
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ghr̥taṁ pittānilaharaṁ rasaśukraujasāṁ hitam|
ghr̥taṁ pittānilaharaṁ rasaśukraujasāṁ hitam|
balashukrarasashleShmamedoMajjavivardhanaH|
balashukrarasashleShmamedoMajjavivardhanaH|
Majja visheShato~asthnAM ca balakRut Snehane hitaH||17||
Majja visheShato~asthnAM ca balakRut Snehane hitaH||17||
</div></div>
*''Ghrita'' alleviates ''pitta'' and ''vata'', and is beneficial for ''rasa'', ''shukra'' and ''oja''. Provides relief from burning sensation, softens the tissues, improves voice and complexion. [14]
*''Ghrita'' alleviates ''pitta'' and ''vata'', and is beneficial for ''rasa'', ''shukra'' and ''oja''. Provides relief from burning sensation, softens the tissues, improves voice and complexion. [14]
==== Time of administration ====
==== Time of administration ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
सर्पिः शरदि पातव्यं वसा मज्जा च माधवे|
सर्पिः शरदि पातव्यं वसा मज्जा च माधवे|
तैलं प्रावृषि नात्युष्णशीते स्नेहं पिबेन्नरः||१८||
तैलं प्रावृषि नात्युष्णशीते स्नेहं पिबेन्नरः||१८||
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sarpiḥ śaradi pātavyaṁ vasā majjā ca mādhavē|
sarpiḥ śaradi pātavyaṁ vasā majjā ca mādhavē|
sarpiH sharadi pAtavyaM Vasa Majja ca mAdhave|
sarpiH sharadi pAtavyaM Vasa Majja ca mAdhave|
tailaM prAvRuShi nAtyuShNashIte SnehaM pibennaraH||18||
tailaM prAvRuShi nAtyuShNashIte SnehaM pibennaraH||18||
</div></div>
''Ghrita'' (ghee) should be consumed in ''sharada'' (autumn) season, while ''vasa'' (muscle fat) and ''majja'' (bone marrow) in ''madhava'' (spring) season, and ''taila'' (oil) during ''pravrita'' (early monsoon). ''Sneha'' should be consumed at a time when it is neither very hot nor cold. [18]
''Ghrita'' (ghee) should be consumed in ''sharada'' (autumn) season, while ''vasa'' (muscle fat) and ''majja'' (bone marrow) in ''madhava'' (spring) season, and ''taila'' (oil) during ''pravrita'' (early monsoon). ''Sneha'' should be consumed at a time when it is neither very hot nor cold. [18]
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वातपित्ताधिको रात्रावुष्णे चापि पिबेन्नरः|
वातपित्ताधिको रात्रावुष्णे चापि पिबेन्नरः|
श्लेष्माधिको दिवा शीते पिबेच्चामलभास्करे||१९||
श्लेष्माधिको दिवा शीते पिबेच्चामलभास्करे||१९||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
vAtaPittadhiko rAtrAvuShNe cApi pibennaraH|
vAtaPittadhiko rAtrAvuShNe cApi pibennaraH|
vātapittādhikō rātrāvuṣṇē cāpi pibēnnaraḥ|
vātapittādhikō rātrāvuṣṇē cāpi pibēnnaraḥ|
ślēṣmādhikō divā śītē pibēccāmalabhāskarē||19||
ślēṣmādhikō divā śītē pibēccāmalabhāskarē||19||
</div></div>
In case of aggravation of ''vata - pitta dosha'', and in hot (summer) season, ''sneha'' should be consumed at night (evening time). In aggravation of ''kapha'' and in cold season, it should be consumed at day time. [19]
In case of aggravation of ''vata - pitta dosha'', and in hot (summer) season, ''sneha'' should be consumed at night (evening time). In aggravation of ''kapha'' and in cold season, it should be consumed at day time. [19]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
अत्युष्णे वा दिवा पीतो वातपित्ताधिकेन वा|
अत्युष्णे वा दिवा पीतो वातपित्ताधिकेन वा|
शीते रात्रौ पिबन् स्नेहं नरः श्लेष्माधिकोऽपि वा|
शीते रात्रौ पिबन् स्नेहं नरः श्लेष्माधिकोऽपि वा|
आनाहमरुचिं शूलं पाण्डुतां वा समृच्छति||२१||
आनाहमरुचिं शूलं पाण्डुतां वा समृच्छति||२१||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
atyuṣṇē vā divā pītō vātapittādhikēna vā|
atyuṣṇē vā divā pītō vātapittādhikēna vā|
shIte rAtrau piban SnehaM naraH shleShmAdhiko~api vA|
shIte rAtrau piban SnehaM naraH shleShmAdhiko~api vA|
AnAhamaruciM shUlaM pANDutAM vA samRucchati||21||
AnAhamaruciM shUlaM pANDutAM vA samRucchati||21||
</div></div>
''Sneha'' consumed at day time during hot season or by person who has great aggravation of ''vata-pitta'', can lead to diseases such as fainting, severe thirst, insanity and jaundice.
''Sneha'' consumed at day time during hot season or by person who has great aggravation of ''vata-pitta'', can lead to diseases such as fainting, severe thirst, insanity and jaundice.
==== Vehicle for lipids ====
==== Vehicle for lipids ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
जलमुष्णं घृते पेयं यूषस्तैलेऽनु शस्यते|
जलमुष्णं घृते पेयं यूषस्तैलेऽनु शस्यते|
वसामज्ज्ञोस्तु मण्डः स्यात् सर्वेषूष्णमथाम्बु वा||२२||
वसामज्ज्ञोस्तु मण्डः स्यात् सर्वेषूष्णमथाम्बु वा||२२||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
jalamuṣṇaṁ ghr̥tē pēyaṁ yūṣastailē'nu śasyatē|
jalamuṣṇaṁ ghr̥tē pēyaṁ yūṣastailē'nu śasyatē|
jalamuShNaM ghRute peyaM yUShastaile~anu shasyate|
jalamuShNaM ghRute peyaM yUShastaile~anu shasyate|
Vasamajj~jostu maNDaH syAt sarveShUShNamathAmbu vA||22||
Vasamajj~jostu maNDaH syAt sarveShUShNamathAmbu vA||22||
</div></div>
After consuming ''ghrita'', hot water should be drunk as ''anupana'' (after drink), and after oil ''yusha'' (pulses soup), and after consuming ''vasa'' and ''majja,'' consumption of ''manda'' (scum of gruel) is advised.[22]
After consuming ''ghrita'', hot water should be drunk as ''anupana'' (after drink), and after oil ''yusha'' (pulses soup), and after consuming ''vasa'' and ''majja,'' consumption of ''manda'' (scum of gruel) is advised.[22]
==== Various recipes of lipids ====
==== Various recipes of lipids ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
ओदनश्च वि लेपी च रसो मांसं पयो दधि|
ओदनश्च वि लेपी च रसो मांसं पयो दधि|
गण्डूषः कर्णतैलं च नस्तःकर्णाक्षितर्पणम्|
गण्डूषः कर्णतैलं च नस्तःकर्णाक्षितर्पणम्|
चतुर्विंशतिरित्येताः स्नेहस्य प्रविचारणाः ||२५||
चतुर्विंशतिरित्येताः स्नेहस्य प्रविचारणाः ||२५||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
ōdanaśca vilēpī ca rasō māṁsaṁ payō dadhi|
ōdanaśca vilēpī ca rasō māṁsaṁ payō dadhi|
gaNDUShaH karNatailaM ca nastaHkarNAkShitarpaNam|
gaNDUShaH karNatailaM ca nastaHkarNAkShitarpaNam|
caturviMshatirityetAH Snehasya pravicAraNAH ||25||
caturviMshatirityetAH Snehasya pravicAraNAH ||25||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
''Odana'' (boiled rice), ''vilepi'' (thick gruel), ''mamsa rasa'' (meat soup), ''paya'' (milk), ''dadhi'' (curd), ''yavagu'' (thick gruel), soup ''shaka'' (soup of green leafy vegetables), ''yusha'' (pulses soup), ''kambalika'' (Preparation of sesame with curd, oil, salt etc.), ''khada'' (cooked buttermilk), ''saktu'' (roasted flour of barli, horse gram etc.), ''madya'' (wine), leha (confections), ''bhakshya'' (snacks), ''abhyanjana'' (oil massage), ''basti'' (enema), ''Uttara basti'' (urethral and vaginal enema), ''gandusha'' (gargles), ''karnataila'' (filling ear with oil), ''nastakarma'' (nasal drops), ''akshitarpana'' (filling eye with ''sneha'') are twenty four types of ''pravicharana'' (mode of administration of ''sneha''). [23-25]
''Odana'' (boiled rice), ''vilepi'' (thick gruel), ''mamsa rasa'' (meat soup), ''paya'' (milk), ''dadhi'' (curd), ''yavagu'' (thick gruel), soup ''shaka'' (soup of green leafy vegetables), ''yusha'' (pulses soup), ''kambalika'' (Preparation of sesame with curd, oil, salt etc.), ''khada'' (cooked buttermilk), ''saktu'' (roasted flour of barli, horse gram etc.), ''madya'' (wine), leha (confections), ''bhakshya'' (snacks), ''abhyanjana'' (oil massage), ''basti'' (enema), ''Uttara basti'' (urethral and vaginal enema), ''gandusha'' (gargles), ''karnataila'' (filling ear with oil), ''nastakarma'' (nasal drops), ''akshitarpana'' (filling eye with ''sneha'') are twenty four types of ''pravicharana'' (mode of administration of ''sneha''). [23-25]
==== Preferred form of lipid ====
==== Preferred form of lipid ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
अच्छपेयस्तु यः स्नेहो न तामाहुर्विचारणाम्|
अच्छपेयस्तु यः स्नेहो न तामाहुर्विचारणाम्|
स्नेहस्य स भिषग्दृष्टः कल्पः प्राथमकल्पिकः||२६||
स्नेहस्य स भिषग्दृष्टः कल्पः प्राथमकल्पिकः||२६||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
acchapēyastu yaḥ snēhō na tāmāhurvicāraṇām|
acchapēyastu yaḥ snēhō na tāmāhurvicāraṇām|
acchapeyastu yaH sneho na tAmAhurvicAraNAm|
acchapeyastu yaH sneho na tAmAhurvicAraNAm|
Snehasya sa bhiShagdRuShTaH kalpaH prAthamakalpikaH||26||
Snehasya sa bhiShagdRuShTaH kalpaH prAthamakalpikaH||26||
</div></div>
''Acchapeya''(drinking ''sneha'' alone) is not to considered as ''vicharana'' (alternate form or recipe of administration of ''sneha''), since physicians recommend it as the first preferred method of ''snehana'' therapy. [26]
''Acchapeya''(drinking ''sneha'' alone) is not to considered as ''vicharana'' (alternate form or recipe of administration of ''sneha''), since physicians recommend it as the first preferred method of ''snehana'' therapy. [26]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
रसैश्चोपहितः स्नेहः समासव्यासयोगिभिः|
रसैश्चोपहितः स्नेहः समासव्यासयोगिभिः|
एवमेताश्चतुःषष्टिः स्नेहानां प्रविचारणा |
एवमेताश्चतुःषष्टिः स्नेहानां प्रविचारणा |
ओकर्तुव्याधिपुरुषान् प्रयोज्या जानता भवेत्||२८||
ओकर्तुव्याधिपुरुषान् प्रयोज्या जानता भवेत्||२८||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Rasaiścōpahitaḥ snēhaḥ samāsavyāsayōgibhiḥ|
Rasaiścōpahitaḥ snēhaḥ samāsavyāsayōgibhiḥ|
evametAshcatuHShaShTiH SnehanAM pravicAraNA |
evametAshcatuHShaShTiH SnehanAM pravicAraNA |
okartuvyAdhipuruShAn prayojyA jAnatA bhavet||28||
okartuvyAdhipuruShAn prayojyA jAnatA bhavet||28||
</div></div>
''Sneha'' though is only one, depending upon permutations and combinations based on six tastes, could be of sixty three types. Thus, ''vicharana'' could be of sixty four kinds. These should be administered according to the habits, season, diseases and the constitution of the person. [27-28]
''Sneha'' though is only one, depending upon permutations and combinations based on six tastes, could be of sixty three types. Thus, ''vicharana'' could be of sixty four kinds. These should be administered according to the habits, season, diseases and the constitution of the person. [27-28]
==== Doses of lipids and their indications ====
==== Doses of lipids and their indications ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
अहोरात्रमहः कृत्स्नमर्धाहं च प्रतीक्षते|
अहोरात्रमहः कृत्स्नमर्धाहं च प्रतीक्षते|
परिहारे सुखा चैषा मात्रा स्नेहनबृंहणी|
परिहारे सुखा चैषा मात्रा स्नेहनबृंहणी|
वृष्या बल्या निराबाधा चिरं चाप्यनुवर्तते||४०||
वृष्या बल्या निराबाधा चिरं चाप्यनुवर्तते||४०||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
ahōrātramahaḥ kr̥tsnamardhāhaṁ ca pratīkṣatē|
ahōrātramahaḥ kr̥tsnamardhāhaṁ ca pratīkṣatē|
parihAre sukhA caiShA mAtrA SnehanabRuMhaNI|
parihAre sukhA caiShA mAtrA SnehanabRuMhaNI|
vRuShyA balyA nirAbAdhA ciraM cApyanuvartate||40||
vRuShyA balyA nirAbAdhA ciraM cApyanuvartate||40||
</div></div>
Doses of ''sneha'': Doses are divided into maximum, moderate and minimum based upon the time taken for it to get digested as follows:
Doses of ''sneha'': Doses are divided into maximum, moderate and minimum based upon the time taken for it to get digested as follows:
==== Persons suitable for consumption of ''ghee'' ====
==== Persons suitable for consumption of ''ghee'' ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
वातपित्तप्रकृत यो वातपित्तविकारिणः|
वातपित्तप्रकृत यो वातपित्तविकारिणः|
दीप्त्योजःस्मृतिमेधाग्निबुद्धीन्द्रियबलार्थिनः|
दीप्त्योजःस्मृतिमेधाग्निबुद्धीन्द्रियबलार्थिनः|
पिबेयुः सर्पिरार्ताश्च दाहशस्त्रविषाग्निभिः||४३||
पिबेयुः सर्पिरार्ताश्च दाहशस्त्रविषाग्निभिः||४३||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
vātaPittaprakr̥tayō vātaPittavikāriṇaḥ|
vātaPittaprakr̥tayō vātaPittavikāriṇaḥ|
dIptyOjaHsmRutimedhAgnibuddhIndriyabalArthinaH|
dIptyOjaHsmRutimedhAgnibuddhIndriyabalArthinaH|
pibeyuH sarpirArtAshca dAhashastraviShAgnibhiH||43||
pibeyuH sarpirArtAshca dAhashastraviShAgnibhiH||43||
</div></div>
Persons having ''vata-pitta prakriti'', those suffering from ''vata- pitta'' disorders, those desiring good eyesight, those who are wounded, emaciated, old and infirm, those who are children and women, those willing to live long, those willing to have good strength, complexion, voice, nourishment, healthy progeny, luxurious lifestyle, good vitality, memory, intelligence, digestive strength, strength of sense organs, and those suffering from burning sensation, injury by weapon, poison and fire should drink ''ghrita''. [41-43]
Persons having ''vata-pitta prakriti'', those suffering from ''vata- pitta'' disorders, those desiring good eyesight, those who are wounded, emaciated, old and infirm, those who are children and women, those willing to live long, those willing to have good strength, complexion, voice, nourishment, healthy progeny, luxurious lifestyle, good vitality, memory, intelligence, digestive strength, strength of sense organs, and those suffering from burning sensation, injury by weapon, poison and fire should drink ''ghrita''. [41-43]
==== Persons suitable for consuming oil ====
==== Persons suitable for consuming oil ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
प्रवृद्धश्लेष्ममेदस्काश्चलस्थूलगलोदराः|
प्रवृद्धश्लेष्ममेदस्काश्चलस्थूलगलोदराः|
कृमिकोष्ठाः क्रूरकोष्ठास्तथा नाडीभिरर्दिताः|
कृमिकोष्ठाः क्रूरकोष्ठास्तथा नाडीभिरर्दिताः|
पिबेयुः शीतले काले तैलं तैलोचिताश्च ये||४६||
पिबेयुः शीतले काले तैलं तैलोचिताश्च ये||४६||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
pravr̥ddhaślēṣmamēdaskāścalasthūlagalōdarāḥ|
pravr̥ddhaślēṣmamēdaskāścalasthūlagalōdarāḥ|
kRumikoShThAH krUrakoShThAstathA nADIbhirarditAH|
kRumikoShThAH krUrakoShThAstathA nADIbhirarditAH|
pibeyuH shItale kAle tailaM tailocitAshca ye||46||
pibeyuH shItale kAle tailaM tailocitAshca ye||46||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
Those having aggravated ''kapha dosha,'' excess ''meda dhatu'' (fat tissue), those having thick neck and abdomen (excess flabbiness with deposition of fat in the neck and abdominal region), those suffering from ''vata'' disorders, individuals with ''vata prakriti'' (predisposition), those who desire strength, slim and lean physique, dexterity and agility, sturdiness and stability of body, unctuous, smooth and silky skin, those who have worms in their abdomen, have hard bowel, those suffering sinus ulcers, and those used to consuming oils, should drink oils especially during cold seasons. [44-46]
Those having aggravated ''kapha dosha,'' excess ''meda dhatu'' (fat tissue), those having thick neck and abdomen (excess flabbiness with deposition of fat in the neck and abdominal region), those suffering from ''vata'' disorders, individuals with ''vata prakriti'' (predisposition), those who desire strength, slim and lean physique, dexterity and agility, sturdiness and stability of body, unctuous, smooth and silky skin, those who have worms in their abdomen, have hard bowel, those suffering sinus ulcers, and those used to consuming oils, should drink oils especially during cold seasons. [44-46]
==== Persons suitable for consumption of muscle fat ====
==== Persons suitable for consumption of muscle fat ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
वातातपसहा ये च रूक्षा भाराध्वकर्शिताः|
वातातपसहा ये च रूक्षा भाराध्वकर्शिताः|
महच्चाग्निबलं येषां वसासात्म्याश्च ये नराः|
महच्चाग्निबलं येषां वसासात्म्याश्च ये नराः|
तेषां स्नेहयितव्यानां वसापानं विधीयते||४९||
तेषां स्नेहयितव्यानां वसापानं विधीयते||४९||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
vātātapasahā yē ca rūkṣā bhārādhvakarśitāḥ|
vātātapasahā yē ca rūkṣā bhārādhvakarśitāḥ|
mahaccAgnibalaM yeShAM VasasAtmyAshca ye narAH|
mahaccAgnibalaM yeShAM VasasAtmyAshca ye narAH|
teShAM SnehayitavyAnAM VasapAnaM vidhIyate||49||
teShAM SnehayitavyAnAM VasapAnaM vidhIyate||49||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
Those who can tolerate breeze and sunlight, who have dryness in body, those who are emaciated due to excessive weightlifting and walking, those who have depleted semen and blood, decreased levels of ''kapha'' and ''meda'', those who suffer from severe pain in bones, joints, veins, ligaments, vital spots and alimentary tract, those in whom highly aggravated ''vata'' remains covered in blocked channels of the body, those who have strong digestive power and are used to drinking or consuming muscle fat should drink ''vasa'' (muscle fat). [47-49]
Those who can tolerate breeze and sunlight, who have dryness in body, those who are emaciated due to excessive weightlifting and walking, those who have depleted semen and blood, decreased levels of ''kapha'' and ''meda'', those who suffer from severe pain in bones, joints, veins, ligaments, vital spots and alimentary tract, those in whom highly aggravated ''vata'' remains covered in blocked channels of the body, those who have strong digestive power and are used to drinking or consuming muscle fat should drink ''vasa'' (muscle fat). [47-49]
==== Persons suitable for consumption of bone marrow ====
==== Persons suitable for consumption of bone marrow ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
यःदीप्ताग्न क्लेशसहा घस्मराः स्नेहसेविनः|
यःदीप्ताग्न क्लेशसहा घस्मराः स्नेहसेविनः|
येभ्यो येभ्यो हितो यो यः स्नेहः स परिकीर्तितः|५१|
येभ्यो येभ्यो हितो यो यः स्नेहः स परिकीर्तितः|५१|
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
dīptāgnayaḥ klēśasahā ghasmarāḥ snēhasēvinaḥ|
dīptāgnayaḥ klēśasahā ghasmarāḥ snēhasēvinaḥ|
yebhyo yebhyo hito yo yaH SnehaH sa parikIrtitaH|51|
yebhyo yebhyo hito yo yaH SnehaH sa parikIrtitaH|51|
</div></div>
Those having strong digestive power, are capable of tolerating excessive physical exertion, who eat large quantities of food often, who consume ''sneha'' often, those suffering from ''vata'' disorders, and those suffering from hard bowel movement are advised to consume bone marrow. [50-51]
Those having strong digestive power, are capable of tolerating excessive physical exertion, who eat large quantities of food often, who consume ''sneha'' often, those suffering from ''vata'' disorders, and those suffering from hard bowel movement are advised to consume bone marrow. [50-51]
==== Duration of oleation ====
==== Duration of oleation ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
स्नेहनस्य प्रकर्षौ तु सप्तरात्रत्रिरात्रकौ||५१||
स्नेहनस्य प्रकर्षौ तु सप्तरात्रत्रिरात्रकौ||५१||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
snēhanasya prakarṣau tu saptarātratrirātrakau||51||
snēhanasya prakarṣau tu saptarātratrirātrakau||51||
Snehanasya prakarShau tu saptarAtratrirAtrakau||51||
Snehanasya prakarShau tu saptarAtratrirAtrakau||51||
</div></div>
The recommended maximum duration for ''snehapana'' is either seven nights or three nights. [51]
The recommended maximum duration for ''snehapana'' is either seven nights or three nights. [51]
==== Persons suitable for ''snehana'' (oleation) ====
==== Persons suitable for ''snehana'' (oleation) ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
स्वेद्याः शोधयितव्याश्च रूक्षा वातविकारिणः|
स्वेद्याः शोधयितव्याश्च रूक्षा वातविकारिणः|
व्यायाममद्यस्त्रीनित्याः स्नेह्याः स्युर्ये च चिन्तकाः||५२||
व्यायाममद्यस्त्रीनित्याः स्नेह्याः स्युर्ये च चिन्तकाः||५२||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
svēdyāḥ śōdhayitavyāśca rūkṣā vātavikāriṇaḥ|
svēdyāḥ śōdhayitavyāśca rūkṣā vātavikāriṇaḥ|
svedyAH shodhayitavyAshca rUkShA vAtavikAriNaH|
svedyAH shodhayitavyAshca rUkShA vAtavikAriNaH|
vyAyAmamadyastrInityAH snehyAH syurye ca cintakAH||52||
vyAyAmamadyastrInityAH snehyAH syurye ca cintakAH||52||
</div></div>
Those who are scheduled for sudation or purification therapies, those having dryness in body, those suffering for vata disorders, those doing exercise regularly, those drinking alcohol often, those indulged in sexual activities often and those suffering from mental stress are advised to undergo oleation therapy. [52]
Those who are scheduled for sudation or purification therapies, those having dryness in body, those suffering for vata disorders, those doing exercise regularly, those drinking alcohol often, those indulged in sexual activities often and those suffering from mental stress are advised to undergo oleation therapy. [52]
==== Contraindications of oleation ====
==== Contraindications of oleation ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
संशोधनादृते येषां रूक्षणं सम्प्रवक्ष्यते|
संशोधनादृते येषां रूक्षणं सम्प्रवक्ष्यते|
न तेषां स्नेहनं शस्तमुत्सन्नकफमेदसाम्||५३||
न तेषां स्नेहनं शस्तमुत्सन्नकफमेदसाम्||५३||
न स्नेह्या वर्तमानेषु न नस्तो बस्तिकर्मसु|
न स्नेह्या वर्तमानेषु न नस्तो बस्तिकर्मसु|
स्नेहपानात् प्रजायन्ते तेषां रोगाः सुदारुणाः||५६||
स्नेहपानात् प्रजायन्ते तेषां रोगाः सुदारुणाः||५६||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
saṁśōdhanādr̥tē yēṣāṁ rūkṣaṇaṁ sampravakṣyatē|
saṁśōdhanādr̥tē yēṣāṁ rūkṣaṇaṁ sampravakṣyatē|
na snehyA vartamAneShu na nasto Bastikarmasu|
na snehyA vartamAneShu na nasto Bastikarmasu|
SnehapAnAt prajAyante teShAM rogAH sudAruNAH||56||
SnehapAnAt prajAyante teShAM rogAH sudAruNAH||56||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
Those advised for therapy without undergoing body purifications and those having excessively increased ''kapha'' and ''meda'' are not advised to undergo oleation. Those having excessive secretions from their mouth and rectum, suffering from frequent bouts of indigestion, those suffering from thirst and fainting, pregnant women, those having dryness of throat, who have aversion to food, who are sick or suffer from vomiting sensation, accumulation of ''ama'' in ''jathara'' (stomach), those who have been exposed to artificial poisons, those who are weak, those in whom body tissues have depleted, those who are exhausted by the use of ''sneha'', those having alcohol intoxication, those undergoing ''nasya'' therapy (nasal administration of drugs) or ''basti'' (medicated enema) should not consume ''sneha''. Oleation in such patients may cause serious ailments. [53-56]
Those advised for therapy without undergoing body purifications and those having excessively increased ''kapha'' and ''meda'' are not advised to undergo oleation. Those having excessive secretions from their mouth and rectum, suffering from frequent bouts of indigestion, those suffering from thirst and fainting, pregnant women, those having dryness of throat, who have aversion to food, who are sick or suffer from vomiting sensation, accumulation of ''ama'' in ''jathara'' (stomach), those who have been exposed to artificial poisons, those who are weak, those in whom body tissues have depleted, those who are exhausted by the use of ''sneha'', those having alcohol intoxication, those undergoing ''nasya'' therapy (nasal administration of drugs) or ''basti'' (medicated enema) should not consume ''sneha''. Oleation in such patients may cause serious ailments. [53-56]
==== Signs of inadequate, proper and excess oleation ====
==== Signs of inadequate, proper and excess oleation ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
पुरीषं ग्रथितं रूक्षं वायुरप्रगुणो मृदुः|
पुरीषं ग्रथितं रूक्षं वायुरप्रगुणो मृदुः|
पाण्डुता गौरवं जाड्यं पुरीषस्याविपक्वता|
पाण्डुता गौरवं जाड्यं पुरीषस्याविपक्वता|
तन्द्रीररुचिरुत्केशः स्यादतिस्निग्धलक्षणम्||५९||
तन्द्रीररुचिरुत्केशः स्यादतिस्निग्धलक्षणम्||५९||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
purīṣaṁ grathitaṁ rūkṣaṁ vāyurapraguṇō mr̥duḥ|
purīṣaṁ grathitaṁ rūkṣaṁ vāyurapraguṇō mr̥duḥ|
pANDutA gauravaM jADyaM purIShasyAvipakvatA|
pANDutA gauravaM jADyaM purIShasyAvipakvatA|
tandrIrarucirutkeshaH syAdatiSnigdhalakShaNam||59||
tandrIrarucirutkeshaH syAdatiSnigdhalakShaNam||59||
</div></div>
===== Table 1: Signs of Inadequate, proper and excess oleation are as follows: =====
===== Table 1: Signs of Inadequate, proper and excess oleation are as follows: =====
==== Regimen before sneha consumption ====
==== Regimen before sneha consumption ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
द्रवोष्णमनभिष्यन्दि भोज्यमन्नं प्रमाणतः|
द्रवोष्णमनभिष्यन्दि भोज्यमन्नं प्रमाणतः|
पिबेत् संशमनं स्नेहमन्नकाले प्रकाङ्क्षितः|
पिबेत् संशमनं स्नेहमन्नकाले प्रकाङ्क्षितः|
शुद्ध्यर्थं पुनराहारे नैशे जीर्णे पिबेन्नरः||६१||
शुद्ध्यर्थं पुनराहारे नैशे जीर्णे पिबेन्नरः||६१||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
dravōṣṇamanabhiṣyandi bhōjyamannaṁ pramāṇataḥ|
dravōṣṇamanabhiṣyandi bhōjyamannaṁ pramāṇataḥ|
pibet saMshamanaM SnehamannakAle prakA~gkShitaH|
pibet saMshamanaM SnehamannakAle prakA~gkShitaH|
shuddhyarthaM punarAhAre naishe jIrNe pibennaraH||61||
shuddhyarthaM punarAhAre naishe jIrNe pibennaraH||61||
</div></div>
On the day before administration of ''sneha'', one should take warm, liquid diet in proper quantity. The food should not increase secretions, possess unctousness or material with opposing properties.
On the day before administration of ''sneha'', one should take warm, liquid diet in proper quantity. The food should not increase secretions, possess unctousness or material with opposing properties.
==== Regimen during ''sneha'' consumption ====
==== Regimen during ''sneha'' consumption ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
उष्णोदकोपचारी स्याद्ब्रह्मचारी क्षपाशयः |
उष्णोदकोपचारी स्याद्ब्रह्मचारी क्षपाशयः |
स्नेहं पीत्वा नरः स्नेहं प्रतिभुञ्जान एव च|
स्नेहं पीत्वा नरः स्नेहं प्रतिभुञ्जान एव च|
स्नेहमिथ्योपचाराद्धि जायन्ते दारुणा गदाः||६४||
स्नेहमिथ्योपचाराद्धि जायन्ते दारुणा गदाः||६४||
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uṣṇōdakōpacārī syādbrahmacārī kṣapāśayaḥ |
uṣṇōdakōpacārī syādbrahmacārī kṣapāśayaḥ |
SnehaM pItvA naraH SnehaM pratibhu~jjAna eva ca|
SnehaM pItvA naraH SnehaM pratibhu~jjAna eva ca|
SnehamithyopacArAddhi jAyante dAruNA gadAH||64||
SnehamithyopacArAddhi jAyante dAruNA gadAH||64||
</div></div>
==== Do’s and don’ts after ''sneha'' consumption ====
==== Do’s and don’ts after ''sneha'' consumption ====
==== Features according to bowel habits ====
==== Features according to bowel habits ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
मृदुकोष्ठस्त्रिरात्रेण स्निह्यत्यच्छोपसेवया|
मृदुकोष्ठस्त्रिरात्रेण स्निह्यत्यच्छोपसेवया|
उदीर्णपित्ताऽल्पकफा ग्रहणी मन्दमारुता|
उदीर्णपित्ताऽल्पकफा ग्रहणी मन्दमारुता|
मृदुकोष्ठस्य तस्मात् स सुविरेच्यो नरः स्मृतः||६९||
मृदुकोष्ठस्य तस्मात् स सुविरेच्यो नरः स्मृतः||६९||
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mr̥dukōṣṭhastrirātrēṇa snihyatyacchōpasēvayā|
mr̥dukōṣṭhastrirātrēṇa snihyatyacchōpasēvayā|
udIrNaPitta~alpaKapha grahaNI MandamArutA|
udIrNaPitta~alpaKapha grahaNI MandamArutA|
mRudukoShThasya tasmAt sa suvirecyo naraH smRutaH||69||
mRudukoShThasya tasmAt sa suvirecyo naraH smRutaH||69||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
Individuals with soft bowel movement require a maximum dose of three days of ''acchapana'' (''sneha'' alone) while those suffering from ''krura koshtha'' (hard bowel) require the seven-day long (maximum) dose regimen.
Individuals with soft bowel movement require a maximum dose of three days of ''acchapana'' (''sneha'' alone) while those suffering from ''krura koshtha'' (hard bowel) require the seven-day long (maximum) dose regimen.
==== Complications of improper ''sneha'' consumption and its treatment ====
==== Complications of improper ''sneha'' consumption and its treatment ====
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उदीर्णपित्ता ग्रहणी यस्य चाग्निबलं महत्|
उदीर्णपित्ता ग्रहणी यस्य चाग्निबलं महत्|
तक्रारिष्टप्रयोगश्च रूक्षपानान्नसेवनम्|
तक्रारिष्टप्रयोगश्च रूक्षपानान्नसेवनम्|
मूत्राणां त्रिफलायाश्च स्नेहव्यापत्तिभेषजम्||७८||
मूत्राणां त्रिफलायाश्च स्नेहव्यापत्तिभेषजम्||७८||
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udīrṇapittā grahaṇī yasya cāgnibalaṁ mahat|
udīrṇapittā grahaṇī yasya cāgnibalaṁ mahat|
takrAriShTaprayogashca rUkShapAnAnnasevanam|
takrAriShTaprayogashca rUkShapAnAnnasevanam|
mUtrANAM triphalAyAshca SnehavyApattibheShajam||78||
mUtrANAM triphalAyAshca SnehavyApattibheShajam||78||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
Individuals with highly aggravated pitta in duodenum have excessive digestive strength, and therefore are able to digest or metabolize fat easily. Since their ''ojas'' gets displaced and their digestive power produces thirst, even great quantities of solid food consumption does not quench the fire stimulated by drinking fat, and therefore they do not find relief even with cold water. They suffer from the burning sensation of ''agni'' in them as if they have ingested snake venom.
Individuals with highly aggravated pitta in duodenum have excessive digestive strength, and therefore are able to digest or metabolize fat easily. Since their ''ojas'' gets displaced and their digestive power produces thirst, even great quantities of solid food consumption does not quench the fire stimulated by drinking fat, and therefore they do not find relief even with cold water. They suffer from the burning sensation of ''agni'' in them as if they have ingested snake venom.
Stupor, nausea, flatulence, fever, rigidity of the body, skin diseases, itching, pallor, edema, hemorrhoids, tastelessness, diseases of stomach and duodenum, feeling of numbness, loss of speech, abdominal pain, and various diseases related with ''ama'' could be caused by improper administration of ''sneha''. In these conditions, oleates should be ejected out of one’s system using emesis or sudation. The physician should then give mild purgation, after an interval of time, and also factoring in the severity of the disease and the condition and predisposition of the patient. Administering ''takrarishta'', using dry food items, drinking cow urine and consuming ''triphala'' are some of the medicines recommended for cure of complications caused by the consumption of ''sneha''. [70-78]
Stupor, nausea, flatulence, fever, rigidity of the body, skin diseases, itching, pallor, edema, hemorrhoids, tastelessness, diseases of stomach and duodenum, feeling of numbness, loss of speech, abdominal pain, and various diseases related with ''ama'' could be caused by improper administration of ''sneha''. In these conditions, oleates should be ejected out of one’s system using emesis or sudation. The physician should then give mild purgation, after an interval of time, and also factoring in the severity of the disease and the condition and predisposition of the patient. Administering ''takrarishta'', using dry food items, drinking cow urine and consuming ''triphala'' are some of the medicines recommended for cure of complications caused by the consumption of ''sneha''. [70-78]
</div>
</div>
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अकाले चाहितश्चैव मात्रया न च योजितः|
अकाले चाहितश्चैव मात्रया न च योजितः|
स्नेहो मिथ्योपचाराच्च व्यापद्येतातिसेवितः||७९||
स्नेहो मिथ्योपचाराच्च व्यापद्येतातिसेवितः||७९||
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akālē cāhitaścaiva mātrayā na ca yōjitaḥ|
akālē cāhitaścaiva mātrayā na ca yōjitaḥ|
akAle cAhitashcaiva mAtrayA na ca yojitaH|
akAle cAhitashcaiva mAtrayA na ca yojitaH|
sneho mithyopacArAcca vyApadyetAtisevitaH||79||
sneho mithyopacArAcca vyApadyetAtisevitaH||79||
</div></div>
''Sneha'' given at improper time, to those it does not suit, without considering proper dose, not following guidelines, and for extended duration causes complications. [79]
''Sneha'' given at improper time, to those it does not suit, without considering proper dose, not following guidelines, and for extended duration causes complications. [79]
==== Prescription for therapeutic purgation and emesis after oleation ====
==== Prescription for therapeutic purgation and emesis after oleation ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
स्नेहात् प्रस्कन्दनं जन्तुस्त्रिरात्रोपरतः पिबेत्|
स्नेहात् प्रस्कन्दनं जन्तुस्त्रिरात्रोपरतः पिबेत्|
एकाहोपरतस्तद्वद्भुक्त्वा प्रच्छर्दनं पिबेत्|
एकाहोपरतस्तद्वद्भुक्त्वा प्रच्छर्दनं पिबेत्|
स्यात्त्वसंशोधनार्थीये वृत्तिः स्नेहे विरिक्तवत्||८१||
स्यात्त्वसंशोधनार्थीये वृत्तिः स्नेहे विरिक्तवत्||८१||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
snēhāt praskandanaṁ jantustrirātrōparataḥ pibēt|
snēhāt praskandanaṁ jantustrirātrōparataḥ pibēt|
ekAhoparatastadvadbhuktvA pracchardanaM pibet|
ekAhoparatastadvadbhuktvA pracchardanaM pibet|
syAttVasamshodhanarthIye vRuttiH snehe viriktavat||81||
syAttVasamshodhanarthIye vRuttiH snehe viriktavat||81||
</div></div>
Therapeutic purgatives should be given three days after ''sneha'' consumption and during these three days warm and creamy (unctuous) ''mamsa'' ''rasa'' (mutton soup) and rice should be consumed. Therapeutic emesis should be administered a day after stopping ''sneha'' , and guidelines for purgation should be followed.[80-81]
Therapeutic purgatives should be given three days after ''sneha'' consumption and during these three days warm and creamy (unctuous) ''mamsa'' ''rasa'' (mutton soup) and rice should be consumed. Therapeutic emesis should be administered a day after stopping ''sneha'' , and guidelines for purgation should be followed.[80-81]
==== Alternative recipes for persons averse to lipids ====
==== Alternative recipes for persons averse to lipids ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
स्नेहद्विषः स्नेहनित्या मृदुकोष्ठाश्च ये नराः|
स्नेहद्विषः स्नेहनित्या मृदुकोष्ठाश्च ये नराः|
(शौकरो वा रसः स्निग्धः सर्पिर्लवणसंयुतः |
(शौकरो वा रसः स्निग्धः सर्पिर्लवणसंयुतः |
पीतो द्विर्वासरे यत्नात् स्नेहयेदचिरान्नरम् ||१||)|
पीतो द्विर्वासरे यत्नात् स्नेहयेदचिरान्नरम् ||१||)|
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
snēhadviṣaḥ snēhanityā mr̥dukōṣṭhāśca yē narāḥ|
snēhadviṣaḥ snēhanityā mr̥dukōṣṭhāśca yē narāḥ|
(shaukaro vA RasaH SnigdhaH sarpirlavaNasaMyutaH |
(shaukaro vA RasaH SnigdhaH sarpirlavaNasaMyutaH |
pIto dvirVasare yatnAt SnehayedacirAnnaram ||1||)|
pIto dvirVasare yatnAt SnehayedacirAnnaram ||1||)|
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
Persons who dislike ''sneha'', use fats daily, have soft bowel, can withstand strain, and who consume alcohol often are suitable for ''vicharana'' (therapy involving administration of fats mixed with other food items or preparations). Soup of meat of ''lava'' (common quail), ''taittira'' (black partridge), peacock, swan, boar, fowl, cow, goat, ''urabhra'' (wild sheep) and fish help in oleation.
Persons who dislike ''sneha'', use fats daily, have soft bowel, can withstand strain, and who consume alcohol often are suitable for ''vicharana'' (therapy involving administration of fats mixed with other food items or preparations). Soup of meat of ''lava'' (common quail), ''taittira'' (black partridge), peacock, swan, boar, fowl, cow, goat, ''urabhra'' (wild sheep) and fish help in oleation.
''Peya'' (gruel) prepared with one ''prasrita'' (96 gram) each of ''ghrita'', oil, muscle fat, bone marrow and rice is known as ''panchaprasritiki peya''. This ''peya'', or drink, may be consumed by the person desirous of oleation. [82-90]
''Peya'' (gruel) prepared with one ''prasrita'' (96 gram) each of ''ghrita'', oil, muscle fat, bone marrow and rice is known as ''panchaprasritiki peya''. This ''peya'', or drink, may be consumed by the person desirous of oleation. [82-90]
</div>
</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
ग्राम्यानूपौदकं मांसं गुडं दधि पयस्तिलान्|
ग्राम्यानूपौदकं मांसं गुडं दधि पयस्तिलान्|
कुष्ठी शोथी प्रमेही च स्नेहने न प्रयोजयेत्||९१||
कुष्ठी शोथी प्रमेही च स्नेहने न प्रयोजयेत्||९१||
यवकोलकुलत्थानां रसाः क्षारः सुरा दधि|
यवकोलकुलत्थानां रसाः क्षारः सुरा दधि|
क्षीरसर्पिश्च तत् सिद्धं स्नेहनीयं घृतोत्तमम्||९४||
क्षीरसर्पिश्च तत् सिद्धं स्नेहनीयं घृतोत्तमम्||९४||
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grāmyānūpaudakaṁ māṁsaṁ guḍaṁ dadhi payastilān|
grāmyānūpaudakaṁ māṁsaṁ guḍaṁ dadhi payastilān|
yavakolakulatthAnAM RasaH kShAraH surA dadhi|
yavakolakulatthAnAM RasaH kShAraH surA dadhi|
kShIRasarpishca tat siddhaM SnehanIyaM ghRutottamam||94||
kShIRasarpishca tat siddhaM SnehanIyaM ghRutottamam||94||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
For oleation of patients suffering from skin diseases, edema and diabetes, one should not use meat of animals either domesticated, or of marshy regions or those living in water. Jaggery, curd, milk and sesame seeds are also to be avoided. They should be given suitable fat boiled with ''pippali, haritaki'' or ''triphala''. The physician may prepare ''sneha'' by boiling it with ''draksha'' (grape), ''amalaki'' (emblica officinalis) or with sour curd added with ''vyosha'' (combination of black pepper, ginger and long pepper). The ''sneha'' processesd with decoction of ''yava'' (barley), ''kola'' (Bengal gram), ''kulattha'' (two flowered dolichos), ''yava kshara'' (''alakali'' prepared from ''yava''), ''sura''(beer), curd, milk and ''ghee'' is best in these cases. [91-94]
For oleation of patients suffering from skin diseases, edema and diabetes, one should not use meat of animals either domesticated, or of marshy regions or those living in water. Jaggery, curd, milk and sesame seeds are also to be avoided. They should be given suitable fat boiled with ''pippali, haritaki'' or ''triphala''. The physician may prepare ''sneha'' by boiling it with ''draksha'' (grape), ''amalaki'' (emblica officinalis) or with sour curd added with ''vyosha'' (combination of black pepper, ginger and long pepper). The ''sneha'' processesd with decoction of ''yava'' (barley), ''kola'' (Bengal gram), ''kulattha'' (two flowered dolichos), ''yava kshara'' (''alakali'' prepared from ''yava''), ''sura''(beer), curd, milk and ''ghee'' is best in these cases. [91-94]
</div>
</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
तैलमज्जवसासर्पिर्बदरत्रिफलारसैः|
तैलमज्जवसासर्पिर्बदरत्रिफलारसैः|
योनिशुक्रप्रदोषेषु साधयित्वा प्रयोजयेत्||९५||
योनिशुक्रप्रदोषेषु साधयित्वा प्रयोजयेत्||९५||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
tailaMajjavasāsarpirbadaratriphalāRasaiḥ|
tailaMajjavasāsarpirbadaratriphalāRasaiḥ|
tailaMajjaVasasarpirbadaratriphalARasaiH|
tailaMajjaVasasarpirbadaratriphalARasaiH|
yoniShukrapradoSheShu sAdhayitvA prayOjayet||95||
yoniShukrapradoSheShu sAdhayitvA prayOjayet||95||
</div></div>
Oil, bone marrow, muscle fat, ''ghrita'' boiled with a decoction of ''badara'' and ''triphala'' (combination of terminalia chebula, terminalia bellirica and emblica officinalis) should be used in diseases of female and male reproductive system. [95]
Oil, bone marrow, muscle fat, ''ghrita'' boiled with a decoction of ''badara'' and ''triphala'' (combination of terminalia chebula, terminalia bellirica and emblica officinalis) should be used in diseases of female and male reproductive system. [95]
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
गृह्णात्यम्बु यथा वस्त्रं प्रस्रवत्यधिकं यथा|
गृह्णात्यम्बु यथा वस्त्रं प्रस्रवत्यधिकं यथा|
यथा वाऽऽक्लेद्य मृत्पिण्डमासिक्तं त्वरया जलम्|
यथा वाऽऽक्लेद्य मृत्पिण्डमासिक्तं त्वरया जलम्|
स्रवति स्रंसते स्नेहस्तथा त्वरितसेवितः||९७||
स्रवति स्रंसते स्नेहस्तथा त्वरितसेवितः||९७||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
gr̥hṇātyambu yathā vastraṁ prasravatyadhikaṁ yathā|
gr̥hṇātyambu yathā vastraṁ prasravatyadhikaṁ yathā|
yathA vA~a~akledya mRutpiNDamAsiktaM tvarayA jalam|
yathA vA~a~akledya mRutpiNDamAsiktaM tvarayA jalam|
sravati sraMsate SnehastathA tvaritasevitaH||97||
sravati sraMsate SnehastathA tvaritasevitaH||97||
</div></div>
<div style="text-align:justify;">
<div style="text-align:justify;">
Just as a piece of cloth only absorbs water as much as it can and leaves off the excess, similarly ''agni'' (digestive power) digests fat as much as it can and expels the excess from the body. Just as a mud ball expels excess water without gettng over-moistened when water is poured over it quickly, similarly the body expels fat that has been consumed very quickly. [96-97]
Just as a piece of cloth only absorbs water as much as it can and leaves off the excess, similarly ''agni'' (digestive power) digests fat as much as it can and expels the excess from the body. Just as a mud ball expels excess water without gettng over-moistened when water is poured over it quickly, similarly the body expels fat that has been consumed very quickly. [96-97]
</div>
</div>
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
लवणोपहिताः स्नेहाः स्नेहयन्त्यचिरान्नरम्|
लवणोपहिताः स्नेहाः स्नेहयन्त्यचिरान्नरम्|
तद्ध्यभिष्यन्द्यरूक्षं च सूक्ष्ममुष्णं व्यवायि च||९८||
तद्ध्यभिष्यन्द्यरूक्षं च सूक्ष्ममुष्णं व्यवायि च||९८||
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
lavaṇōpahitāḥ snēhāḥ snēhayantyacirānnaram|
lavaṇōpahitāḥ snēhāḥ snēhayantyacirānnaram|
lavaNopahitAH SnehaH SnehayantyacirAnnaram|
lavaNopahitAH SnehaH SnehayantyacirAnnaram|
taddhyabhiShyandyarUkShaM ca sUkShmamuShNaM vyavAyi ca||98||
taddhyabhiShyandyarUkShaM ca sUkShmamuShNaM vyavAyi ca||98||
</div></div>
''Sneha'' added with salt produces oleation quickly since salt is ''abhishyandi'' (produces more moisture in the tissues), not dry, subtle (enters minute pores), hot in potency and ''vyavayi'' (spreads to all parts quickly and then undergoes digestion). [98]
''Sneha'' added with salt produces oleation quickly since salt is ''abhishyandi'' (produces more moisture in the tissues), not dry, subtle (enters minute pores), hot in potency and ''vyavayi'' (spreads to all parts quickly and then undergoes digestion). [98]
==== Sequence for oleation and sudation ====
==== Sequence for oleation and sudation ====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
स्नेहमग्रे प्रयुञ्जीत ततः स्वेदमनन्तरम्|
स्नेहमग्रे प्रयुञ्जीत ततः स्वेदमनन्तरम्|
स्नेहस्वेदोपपन्नस्य संशोधनमथेतरत् [१] ||९९||
स्नेहस्वेदोपपन्नस्य संशोधनमथेतरत् [१] ||९९||
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snēhamagrē prayuñjīta tataḥ svēdamanantaram|
snēhamagrē prayuñjīta tataḥ svēdamanantaram|
Snehamagre prayu~jjIta tataH svedamanantaram|
Snehamagre prayu~jjIta tataH svedamanantaram|
SnehasvedopapanNasya Samshodhanamathetarat [1] ||99||
SnehasvedopapanNasya Samshodhanamathetarat [1] ||99||
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Oleation should be used first, then sudation. Only after oleation and sudation should the person undergo purification and other therapies. [99]
Oleation should be used first, then sudation. Only after oleation and sudation should the person undergo purification and other therapies. [99]
==== Summary ====
==== Summary ====
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तत्र श्लोकः-
तत्र श्लोकः-
स्नेहाः स्नेहविधिः कृत्स्नव्यापत्सिद्धिः सभेषजा|
स्नेहाः स्नेहविधिः कृत्स्नव्यापत्सिद्धिः सभेषजा|
यथाप्रश्नं भगवता व्याहृतं चान्द्रभागिना||१००||
यथाप्रश्नं भगवता व्याहृतं चान्द्रभागिना||१००||
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tatra shlokaH-
tatra shlokaH-
snēhāḥ snēhavidhiḥ kr̥tsnavyāpatsiddhiḥ sabhēṣajā|
snēhāḥ snēhavidhiḥ kr̥tsnavyāpatsiddhiḥ sabhēṣajā|
yathāpraśnaṁ bhagavatā vyāhr̥taṁ cāndrabhāginā||100||
yathāpraśnaṁ bhagavatā vyāhr̥taṁ cāndrabhāginā||100||
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''Sneha'', procedures of oleation, complications, their treatments all have been described by Chandrabhagi (Atreya) as was questioned (by Agnivesha).[100]
''Sneha'', procedures of oleation, complications, their treatments all have been described by Chandrabhagi (Atreya) as was questioned (by Agnivesha).[100]
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इत्यग्निवेशकृते तन्त्रे चरकप्रतिसंस्कृते श्लोकस्थाने स्नेहाध्यायो नाम त्रयोदशोऽध्यायः समाप्तः||१३||
इत्यग्निवेशकृते तन्त्रे चरकप्रतिसंस्कृते श्लोकस्थाने स्नेहाध्यायो नाम त्रयोदशोऽध्यायः समाप्तः||१३||
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ityAgnivēśakr̥tē tantrē carakapratisaṁskr̥tē ślōkasthānē snēhādhyāyō nāma trayōdaśō'dhyāyaḥsamāptaḥ||13||
ityAgnivēśakr̥tē tantrē carakapratisaṁskr̥tē ślōkasthānē snēhādhyāyō nāma trayōdaśō'dhyāyaḥsamāptaḥ||13||
ityAgniveshakRute tantre carakapratisaMskRute shlokasthAne SnehadhyAyo nAma trayodasho~adhyAyaHsamAptaH||13||
ityAgniveshakRute tantre carakapratisaMskRute shlokasthAne SnehadhyAyo nAma trayodasho~adhyAyaHsamAptaH||13||
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Thus ends the thirteenth chapter by name [[Snehadhyaya]] in the [[Sutra Sthana]] of Agniveshatantra redacted by Charak.[13]
Thus ends the thirteenth chapter by name [[Snehadhyaya]] in the [[Sutra Sthana]] of Agniveshatantra redacted by Charak.[13]