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=== Introduction ===

== Introduction ==

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[[Parimarshaneeyamindriyam Adhyaya]] mainly deals with the moribund symptoms based on palpating various regions of the body. It follows [[Pushpitakamindriyam Adhyaya]] that deals with the prognosis based on observing the changes in the odour or taste in the body. The reason for this sequence can be understood as the changes in the odor or taste can be felt easily and from far whereas to palpate the patient is a must. The chapter also precedes [[Indriyaneeka]], which deals with the prognosis based on observing the functioning of the sensory organs of the body.

[[Parimarshaneeyamindriyam Adhyaya]] mainly deals with the moribund symptoms based on palpating various regions of the body. It follows [[Pushpitakamindriyam Adhyaya]] that deals with the prognosis based on observing the changes in the odour or taste in the body. The reason for this sequence can be understood as the changes in the odor or taste can be felt easily and from far whereas to palpate the patient is a must. The chapter also precedes [[Indriyaneeka]], which deals with the prognosis based on observing the functioning of the sensory organs of the body.

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===Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation===

==Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation==

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Lord Atreya said,, now we shall explain all tangible observations related to palpation in relation with imminent death. [1-2]  

Now we shall expound the chapter "Parimarshaneeyamindriyam"(Palpable signs of Imminent Death). Thus said Lord Atreya.[1-2]  

The person who is about to die manifests various signs in terms of colour, voice, odour, taste (sense by person)????? which are described separately. Now we will learn about the signs of imminent death pertaining to touch. [3]

The person who is about to die manifests various signs in terms of colour, voice, odour, taste in mouth which are described separately. Now we will learn about the signs of imminent death pertaining to touch. [3]

==== Assessment factors by palpation ====

=== Assessment factors by palpation ===

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==== Summary ====

=== Summary ===

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The physician who, by palpation ascertains various palpable signs, will never be confused regarding the matter of prognostic knowledge regarding life span of a patient. [7]

The physician who, by palpation ascertains various palpable signs, will never be confused regarding the matter of prognostic knowledge regarding life span of a patient. [7]

=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' / Fundamental Principles===

== Tattva Vimarsha(Fundamental Principles)==

Palpation of patient can suggest prognosis of disease.   

Palpation of patient can suggest prognosis of disease.   

=== ''Vidhi Vimarsha'' / Applied Inferences===

== Vidhi Vimarsha (Applied Inferences)==

The physician who, by palpation ascertains various palpable signs, will never be confused regarding the matter of prognostic knowledge regarding life span of a patient. [7]

The physician who, by palpation ascertains various palpable signs, will never be confused regarding the matter of prognostic knowledge regarding life span of a patient. [7]

[[Parimarshaneeyamindriyam Adhyaya]] deals with signs and symptoms of imminent death or moribund symptoms; specifically those are elicited by touch or palpation. The chapter commences with the importance of palpation as a modality for diagnosis and any changes in the body indicative of imminent death. The signs of imminent death are seen as abnormal manifestations which cannot be explained as they appear without any reason. These can be seen as absence of pulsation in the areas of the body that are pulsatile, coldness in the warm areas of the body, rigidity in softer body parts, roughness in the body parts that are slimy in nature, the inexplicable absence of body parts; laxity, bowing or displacement of joints, excessive deficiency of flesh or blood, solidity of flesh or blood, excessive perspiration or stiffness, and/or whatever other similar symptoms that can be demonstrated by palpation. The important point to note here is that all the signs and symptoms seen here as well as other chapters of [[Indriya Sthana]] are seen without any causative factors. The rest of the [[Charak Samhita]] excluding the [[Indriya Sthana]] comprises of various signs and symptoms due to ''dosha dushti'' or vitiation of ''doshas''. (Ch.In.3/4)

[[Parimarshaneeyamindriyam Adhyaya]] deals with signs and symptoms of imminent death or moribund symptoms; specifically those are elicited by touch or palpation. The chapter commences with the importance of palpation as a modality for diagnosis and any changes in the body indicative of imminent death. The signs of imminent death are seen as abnormal manifestations which cannot be explained as they appear without any reason. These can be seen as absence of pulsation in the areas of the body that are pulsatile, coldness in the warm areas of the body, rigidity in softer body parts, roughness in the body parts that are slimy in nature, the inexplicable absence of body parts; laxity, bowing or displacement of joints, excessive deficiency of flesh or blood, solidity of flesh or blood, excessive perspiration or stiffness, and/or whatever other similar symptoms that can be demonstrated by palpation. The important point to note here is that all the signs and symptoms seen here as well as other chapters of [[Indriya Sthana]] are seen without any causative factors. The rest of the [[Charak Samhita]] excluding the [[Indriya Sthana]] comprises of various signs and symptoms due to ''dosha dushti'' or vitiation of ''doshas''. (Ch.In.3/4)

==== Some examples of palpation ====.

=== Some examples of palpation ===.

The carotid artery is palpated with the thumb or finger tips placed at the upper end of the thyroid cartilage along the medial border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.<ref> Vakil RJ, Golwalla AF. Physical Diagnosis. 9th ed. Media Promoters & Publishers Pvt. Ltd. MumbaiJal pg231 </ref> The absence of pulsation in carotid artery usually results from atherosclerosis or carotid artery stenosis.

The carotid artery is palpated with the thumb or finger tips placed at the upper end of the thyroid cartilage along the medial border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.<ref> Vakil RJ, Golwalla AF. Physical Diagnosis. 9th ed. Media Promoters & Publishers Pvt. Ltd. MumbaiJal pg231 </ref> The absence of pulsation in carotid artery usually results from atherosclerosis or carotid artery stenosis.

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=== References ===

== References ==

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