Talk:Dadima: Difference between revisions

|keywords= *Dadima, Punica granatum L., Pomegranate, Therapeutic use, herbs, researches on dravya, Charak Samhita, Dravyaguna, carakasamhitaonline, carakasamhita, caraka samhita, Ayurveda, Charak Samhita English translation, ancient Ayurveda text, Indian system of medicine, Ayurveda, Charak, Charaka Samhita, agnivesha, atreya, gopal basisht, yogesh deole, charak samhita wikipedia edition, charak samhita new edition, charaka samhita new edition, carak samhita new edition, caraka samhita new edition, research on charak samhita, text book charak samhita, fundamental principles of ayurveda, basic concepts of ayurveda,

|data2 = [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomegranate Punica granatum L.]

|data3 = Lythraceae

|data5 = [[Team Dravyaguna]]

|data6 =  2026

|label7 =  [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre]]

|data8  = {{DoiWithLink}}

[[File:Punica_granatum.jpg|thumb|Dadima (Punica granatum)]]

* '''Dadima:''' Useful in many conditions.<ref name="ref2"/>

* '''Dantabija:''' Seeds resemble teeth.<ref name="ref2"/>

* '''Lohitapushpaka:''' Flowers are red in color.<ref name="ref2"/>

==Types (Bheda)==

# Swadu (Sweet)<ref name="ref2"/>

# Swaduamla (Sweet and sour)<ref name="ref2"/>

# Amla (Sour)<ref name="ref2"/>

| 1 || Taste ([[rasa]])  || Sweet (madhura), Astringent (kashaya), Sour (amla)<ref name="ref2"/>

| 2 || Potency ([[veerya]]) || Not too hot (anushna)<ref name="ref2"/>

| 3 || Post digestion effect ([[vipaka]]) || Sweet (madhura)<ref name="ref2"/>

| 4 || Qualities ([[guna]])|| Light (laghu), Unctuous (snigdha)<ref name="ref2"/>

| 1 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 2/19 || Pachani-Grahi yavagu

| 2 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(10) || Hridya mahakashaya (group of heart-healthy herbs)

| 3 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(28) || Chhardinigrahana mahakashaya (group of herbs for anti-emetic therapy)

| 4 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(40) || Shramahara mahakashaya (group of herbs for fatigue)

| 5 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 13/84 || Alternative recipes for persons averse to lipids

| 6 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/38 || Madyavikatnut Mantha

| 7 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/4 || Natural qualities

| 8 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/150 || Phala Varga (group of all fruits)

| 9 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/256 || Krutanna Varga (group of edibles)

| 10 || Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 26/84 || Viruddha ahara (incompatible food articles)

| 11 || Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/136 || Virechana dravyani (group of laxatives)

| 12 || Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/140 || Amla Skandha (group of sour substances)

| 13 || Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/30 || Preparations of Trivrut Avaleha

| 14 || Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/54 || Trivrritadi Modaka

| 15 || Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 7/75 || Virechana Prayoga (used for therapeutic purgation)

| 16 || Cha.Sa.[[Kalpa Sthana]] 11/07 || Saptala Shankhini Yoga

| 17 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/12 || Ingredient in Vrushya mamsa gutika

| 18 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/15 || Ingredient in Vrushya mahish rasa

| 19 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/36 || As pathya ahara (group of wholesome food articles)

| 20 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 3/180 || Given as peya for those desiring sour items

| 21 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/35 || For Tarpana (instant nourishment)

| 22 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/95 || As an ingredient of Satavaryadi ghrita

| 23 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 4/100 || Used in Nasagata raktapitta

| 24 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/68 || To increase effect of Trayushanaadi ghrita

| 25 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/69 || Ingredient of Hingusauvarchaladya ghrita

| 26 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/72 || Ingredient of Hapushadya ghrita

| 27 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/74 || Ingredient of Pippalyadya ghrita

| 28 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/77 || As an anupana in Gulma (abdominal lump)

| 29 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/80 || Ingredient of Hingvadi churna

| 30 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/85 || Used to reduce pain in Vataja gulma

| 31 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/87 || Ingredient of Shatyadi churna

| 32 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/133 || As a diet in Pittaja gulma

| 33 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/142 || Ingredient of Dashamuli ghrita

| 34 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 5/166 || Pathya diet in gulma

| 35 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/36 || Ingredient in Kalyanak ghrita

| 36 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/42 || Ingredient in Mahakalyanak ghrita

| 37 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 9/54 || Ingredient in Apara lasunadya ghrita

| 38 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/85 || Ingredient in Saindhavadi churna

| 39 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 11/88 || Ingredient in Shadav (preparations made of sweet, sour, and salty substances)

| 40 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 12/55 || Ingredient in Chitrakadi ghrita

| 41 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/130 || Used as anupana in arsha roga with narayan churna

| 42 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 13/135 || As an anupana of hapushadya churna

| 43 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/99 || Used for Anulomana (proper elimination of flatus and feces)

| 44 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/106 || Removes vata and vibandha (constipation)

| 45 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/125 || Dadima swarasa is mixed with shaka

| 46 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/186 || Kwath is used for raktastambhana (cessation of bleeding)

| 47 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/197 || Used in rakta arsha (bleeding piles)

| 48 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/200 || Sadhita laajapeya used in rakta arsha

| 49 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/89 || As an ingredient of pancamuladhya ghrit evum churna

| 50 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 15/97 || Bhavana dravya of citrakadhya gutika

| 51 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/44 || As an ingredient of Dadimadi ghrita

| 52 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 16/90 || As an anupana of Shilajatu vataka

| 53 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/63 || As an ingredient of saindhavadi yoga

| 54 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/126 || As an ingredient of kantakari ghrita

| 55 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/28 || As an ingredient of dipaniya and sangrahi gana

| 56 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/33 || Used as a siddhi dravya

| 57 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/40 || As a yoga dravya in treatment of purishakshaya

| 58 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/44 || As an ingredient of chavyadi ghrita

| 59 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/54 || As a yoga dravya in treatment of pittaja atisara

| 60 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 19/74 || As a prakshepa dravya

| 61 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/24 || Ghritapana in Vataja chhardi

| 62 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 20/35 || As a pathya ahara in kaphaja chhardi

| 63 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/109 || As a pathya ahara

| 64 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/111 || As a pathya ahara

| 65 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/112 || Dadima rasa siddha mamsarasa is used

| 66 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 21/126 || As an ingredient of mulakadi lepa

| 67 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 22/36 || For lepa prayoga (local application)

| 68 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 22/49 || Used in treatment of kaphanubandha trushna (thirst)

| 69 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 23/226 || As a pathya ahara (palatable food)

| 70 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/121 || Used as swarasa mixed with lavana and sneha in Vataja madatyaya

| 71 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/127 || Used as swarasa in Vataja madatyaya (alcohol intoxication)

| 72 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/128 || Used as anupana in Vataja madatyaya

| 73 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/136 || Used as swarasa in pittaja madatyaya

| 74 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/139 || Used as yoosha in pittaja madatyaya

| 75 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/151 || Used in mukha-lepa in pittaja madatyaya

| 76 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 24/180 || Used as raga in kaphaja madatyaya

| 77 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/217 || Used in Kavala in arochaka (tastelessness)

| 78 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 26/219 || As an ingredient of Arochakanashaka vati

| 79 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 28/132 || As an ingredient of Triphaladi maha sneha

| 80 || Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/79 || As an ingredient of Dhatakyadi taila

==Dose==

* 5 to 10 g of the drug in powder form or fresh juice as required.<ref name="ref1"/>

==Important Formulations==

* Dadimastaka Churna

* Dadima Ghrita

* Dadhika Ghrita

* Bhaskara Lavana

* Shukramatruka Vati

Pomegranate plant parts (including fruit, seeds, peel, and leaves) contain a rich profile of bioactive secondary metabolites:

* '''Hydrolyzable Tannins:''' Punicalagin, punicalin, ellagic acid, and gallic acid.<ref name="ref3">{{cite journal |last1=Jurenka |first1=J. S. |year=2008 |title=Therapeutic applications of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.): a review |journal=Alternative Medicine Review |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=128–144}}</ref>

* '''Flavonoids & Anthocyanins:''' Delphinidin, cyanidin, and pelargonidin glycosides responsible for its deep red coloration.<ref name="ref3"/>

* '''Other Constituents:''' Alkaloids, triterpenoids, saponins, and essential sterols.<ref name="ref3"/>

== Pharmacological Activities & Therapeutic Efficacy ==

=== Gastrointestinal and Anti-Diarrheal Efficacy ===

* '''Mechanism:''' The astringent tannins precipitate proteins in the intestinal mucosa, reducing excessive fluid secretion and tightening intestinal walls.<ref name="ref5">{{cite journal |last1=Qnais |first1=E. S. |last2=Elhaj |first2=H. A. |last3=Abu-Dieyeh |first3=Z. H. |last4=Abdalla |first4=S. S. |year=2007 |title=Antidiarrheal activity of the aqueous extract of Punica granatum (pomegranate) peels |journal=Pharmaceutical Biology |volume=45 |issue=9 |pages=715–720}}</ref>

* '''Scientific Evidence:''' Literature notes over 100 traditional formulations utilizing Dadima for diarrheal conditions, supported by its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties within the gut.<ref name="ref5"/>

Modern phytochemical evaluations highlight the extensive healing properties of pomegranate extracts.

* '''Mechanism:''' Bioactive polyphenols downregulate pro-inflammatory transcription factors (such as NF-$\kappa$B) and suppress oxidative stress pathways.<ref name="ref6">{{cite journal |last1=Lansky |first1=E. P. |last2=Newman |first2=R. A. |year=2007 |title=Punica granatum (pomegranate) and its potential for prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer |journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology |volume=109 |issue=2 |pages=177–206}}</ref>

* '''Scientific Evidence:''' Research reports inhibitory effects of pomegranate extracts on various cancer cell proliferation lines, alongside strong multi-organ protective responses against oxidative damage.<ref name="ref6"/>

== Safety, Toxicity, and Dosage ==

* '''Acute Toxicity:''' Dadima is exceptionally safe for daily nutritional and therapeutic use.<ref name="ref3"/>

** ''Fruit Juice / Fresh Arils:'' As desired or 30–50 ml.<ref name="ref1"/>

** ''Powder (Churna):'' 5–10 g daily.<ref name="ref1"/>

== Summary of Therapeutic Profile ==

|+ Therapeutic Applications of ''Punica granatum''

| Punicalagin, Ellagic acid

| Antioxidant, Anti-atherogenic, Vasoprotective

| Tannins, Polyphenols

| Astringent, Antimicrobial, Intestinal binder

| Lipid-lowering, Anti-inflammatory

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