Charak Samhita

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Azadirachta indica A. Juss
[[wikipedia:Azadirachta_indica|Azadirachta indica A. Juss]]


{{Infobox
{{Infobox
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|data8  = Awaited
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'''Nimba''' (''Azadirachta indica'') is a plant species widely recognized in [[Ayurveda]] and modern pharmacology for its broad spectrum of therapeutic applications.
'''Nimba''' (''Azadirachta indica'') or Margosa tree is a plant species widely recognized in [[Ayurveda]] and modern pharmacology for its broad spectrum of therapeutic applications.


== General Overview ==
== General Overview ==
* '''Taxonomic Name:''' ''Azadirachta indica'' A. Juss.
* '''Taxonomic Name:''' ''Azadirachta indica'' A. Juss.
* '''Ayurvedic Designation:''' ''Nimba'' / ''Arishtha'' ("Reliever of Sickness")
* '''Ayurvedic Designation:''' ''Nimba'' / ''Arishtha'' ("Reliever of Sickness")
* '''Primary Phytochemicals:''' [[Azadirachtin]], [[Nimbolide]], [[Nimbidin]], [[Gedunin]], [[Quercetin]], [[Salannin]]
* [[File:Nimba.jpg|thumb|'''Nimba (''Azadirachta indica'')''']]'''Primary Phytochemicals:''' Azadirachtin, Nimbolide, Nimbidin, Gedunin, Quercetin, Salannin
 
==English name ==
 
Margosa tree


==Therapeutic uses==
==Therapeutic uses==
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==Synonyms in Bhavprakasa Nighantu==
==Synonyms in Bhavprakasa Nighantu==
Pichumanda<ref>Shri Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Haritakyadi Varga, Verse no. 53, Edited by Padmashree Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Reprint Edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 2020;</ref>
Pichumarda<ref>Shri Bhavamishra, Bhavaprakash Nighantu, Haritakyadi Varga, Verse no. 53, Edited by Padmashree Pro. Krushnachandra Chunekar, Reprint Edition, Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, 2020;</ref>


==Varieties==
==Varieties==
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| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(48) || Sandnyasthapana mahakashaya(restoring consciousness)
| 4 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(48) || Sandnyasthapana mahakashaya(restoring consciousness)
|-
|-
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 4/9(48) || Sandnyasthapana mahakashaya(restoring consciousness)
| 5 ||Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/279 || Used in the treatment of Gaurava stanya dosha( vitiated breast milk)
|-
|-
| 6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/10  
| 6 ||Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 23/10  
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|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135
|Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 8/135
|Vaman dravyani List of medicines used in therapeutic emesis
|Vaman dravyani List of medicines used in therapeutic emesis
)
|-
|-
|11
|11
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|41
|41
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/136
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/136
|Ingredient in Vata-Pitta nashak Ghrita
|Ingredient in Vata-Pitta Nashak Ghrita
|-
|-
|42
|42
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|45
|45
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/157
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 7/157
|Snana, Pana and Pradeh in  Galit-Kushth
|Snana, Pana and Pradeh in  Galit-Kushtha
|-
|-
|46
|46
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|50
|50
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/186  
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 14/186  
|Used for rakta stambhana
|Used for rakta stambhana
|-
|-
|51
|51
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|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/253
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/253
|Used in the treatment of Stanya dosha( vitiated breast milk), for vamana
|Used in the treatment of Stanya dosha( vitiated breast milk), for vamana
|-
|87
|Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/279
|Used in the treatment of Gaurava stanya dosha( vitiated breast milk)
|-
|}
|}


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== Current researches ==
== Current researches ==
== Pharmacological Profile & Mechanisms ==
== Pharmacological Profile & Mechanisms ==
''Azadirachta indica'' exerts multi-targeted therapeutic action through phytocompounds that modulate cellular signaling pathways including [[p53]], [[NF-κB]], [[PI3K/Akt]], and [[Nrf2]].<ref name="Alzohairy2016" />
''Azadirachta indica'' exerts multi-targeted therapeutic action through phytocompounds that modulate cellular signaling pathways including p53, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, and Nrf2.<ref name="Alzohairy2016" />


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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! Therapeutic Category !! Primary Active Compounds !! Key Molecular Targets & Bioactivities
! Therapeutic Category !! Primary Active Compounds !! Key Molecular Targets & Bioactivities
|-
|-
| '''Antimicrobial & Dental''' || Azadirachtin, Mahmoodin || Biofilm disruption; growth inhibition of ''[[Streptococcus mutans|S. mutans]]'', ''[[Enterococcus faecalis|E. faecalis]]'', and ''[[Candida albicans|C. albicans]]''
| '''Antimicrobial & Dental''' || Azadirachtin, Mahmoodin || Biofilm disruption; growth inhibition of ''S. mutans'', ''E. faecalis'', and ''C. albicans''
|-
|-
| '''Anticancer & Antiproliferative''' || Nimbolide, Azadiradione || Apoptosis induction via p53/pTEN upregulation and downregulation of Bcl-2 and PI3K/Akt
| '''Anticancer & Antiproliferative''' || Nimbolide, Azadiradione || Apoptosis induction via p53/pTEN upregulation and downregulation of Bcl-2 and PI3K/Akt
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[https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Azadirachta%20indica IMPPAT database]
[https://cb.imsc.res.in/imppat/phytochemical/Azadirachta%20indica IMPPAT database]


[[Category:Database of herbs and minerals|Herbs]]
[[index.php?title=Category:Database of herbs and minerals|Herbs]]
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