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→Types of sleep
Sleep is broadly classified into three types based on its fundamental cause.
Sleep is broadly classified into three types based on its fundamental cause.
a)Natural sleep (swabhaviki nidra): This occurs in a healthy individual as a natural process.
'''a) Natural sleep (swabhaviki nidra):''' This occurs in a healthy individual as a natural process.
b)Abnormal sleep/insomnia (vaikariki nidra): The abnormal sleep occurs due to aggravated [[vata dosha]] and depleted state of [[kapha dosha]]. It is also caused due to various ailments of the mind and body. This is known as vaikariki nidra.
'''b) Abnormal sleep/insomnia (vaikariki nidra):''' The abnormal sleep occurs due to aggravated [[vata dosha]] and depleted state of [[kapha dosha]]. It is also caused due to various ailments of the mind and body. This is known as vaikariki nidra.
c)Sleep due to inertia (tamasi nidra): When channels carrying sensory perceptions are filled with excess inertia (tamo guna) and predominant [[kapha]], it leads to “tamasi nidra”. This type is seen at the time of death. It is difficult to awaken the person in this state. [Su.Sa. Sharira Sthana 4/33, Dalhana]
'''c) Sleep due to inertia (tamasi nidra):''' When channels carrying sensory perceptions are filled with excess inertia (tamo guna) and predominant [[kapha]], it leads to “tamasi nidra”. This type is seen at the time of death. It is difficult to awaken the person in this state. [Su.Sa. Sharira Sthana 4/33, Dalhana]
There are two types of sleep based on electroencephalographic (EEG) observations during sleep.
There are two types of sleep based on electroencephalographic (EEG) observations during sleep.
a) Non-rapid eye-movement (NREM) sleep
'''a) Non-rapid eye-movement (NREM) sleep'''
b) Rapid eye-movement (REM) sleep.
'''b) Rapid eye-movement (REM) sleep.'''
NREM sleep is divided further into four stages based on variations in brain wave patterns, eye movements, and muscle tone. In the course of a period of sleep, NREM and REM sleep alternate cyclically. A normal sleep episode begins with a short period of NREM stage 1, progressing through stage 2, followed by stages 3 and 4, and finally to REM. The individuals do not remain in REM sleep throughout the night. The cycle between the stages of NREM and REM continues. NREM sleep constitutes about 75 -80% of the total duration of sleep, and REM sleep constitutes the remaining 20 – 25%. The function of cyclic change between these two types of sleep is not yet understood.
NREM sleep is divided further into four stages based on variations in brain wave patterns, eye movements, and muscle tone. In the course of a period of sleep, NREM and REM sleep alternate cyclically. A normal sleep episode begins with a short period of NREM stage 1, progressing through stage 2, followed by stages 3 and 4, and finally to REM. The individuals do not remain in REM sleep throughout the night. The cycle between the stages of NREM and REM continues. NREM sleep constitutes about 75 -80% of the total duration of sleep, and REM sleep constitutes the remaining 20 – 25%. The function of cyclic change between these two types of sleep is not yet understood.
There are seven types of sleep based on the causes of sleep.
There are seven types of sleep based on the causes of sleep.
1)Originated from inertia (tamobhava)
1) Originated from inertia (tamobhava)
2) Originated from [[kapha]] (shleshmasmudbhava)
2) Originated from [[kapha]] (shleshmasmudbhava)
The sleep patterns in the above types of sleep are yet to be explored through research studies.
The sleep patterns in the above types of sleep are yet to be explored through research studies.
== Diagnosis of sleep disorders ==
== Diagnosis of sleep disorders ==
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