Changes

=== Gut-brain connection in ''apasmara'' ===

=== Gut-brain connection in ''apasmara'' ===

Gut-brain dysfunction is proved to play role in many psychiatric disorders like depression, anxiety, autism, schizophrenia.<ref>https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/evolutionary-psychiatry/201404/the-gut-brain-connection-mental-illness-and-disease accessed on 13/09/2016 </ref>  

Gut-brain dysfunction is proved to play role in many psychiatric disorders like depression, anxiety, autism, schizophrenia.<ref>https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/evolutionary-psychiatry/201404/the-gut-brain-connection-mental-illness-and-disease accessed on 13/09/2016 </ref>  

The figure shows physiology of gut-brain connection [fig. ]. As discussed earlier in [[Apasmara Nidana]], many of the somatic symptoms are related with the dysfunction of gastrointestinal tract.Therefore the possibility of gut-brain dysfunction cannot be denied.  

The figure shows physiology of gut-brain connection. As discussed earlier in [[Apasmara Nidana]], many of the somatic symptoms are related with the dysfunction of gastrointestinal tract.Therefore the possibility of gut-brain dysfunction cannot be denied.  

Similarly, as seen above, many of the animal products like medicines formulated with cow’s urine, cow’s ghee, goat urine that are rich in micro-organisms are enlisted in management of ''apasmara''. The exact pharmaco-dynamic behind action of these medicines in management of ''apasmara'' with focus on gut-brain axis needs to be investigated.

Similarly, as seen above, many of the animal products like medicines formulated with cow’s urine, cow’s ghee, goat urine that are rich in micro-organisms are enlisted in management of ''apasmara''. The exact pharmaco-dynamic behind action of these medicines in management of ''apasmara'' with focus on gut-brain axis needs to be investigated.

=== Etio-Pathogenesis of ''Atattvabhinivesha'' ===

=== Etio-Pathogenesis of ''Atattvabhinivesha'' ===