Changes

##Sandra meha & Sandraprashada meha – (layered urine: 3 layers: a top layer of chylomicrons, a middle layer rich in protein, and a bottom layer containing fibrin clots and cellular debris).  

##Sandra meha & Sandraprashada meha – (layered urine: 3 layers: a top layer of chylomicrons, a middle layer rich in protein, and a bottom layer containing fibrin clots and cellular debris).  

###Intermediary stage between pre-diabetic and diabetic mellitus start with the involvement of kidneys.                             

###Intermediary stage between pre-diabetic and diabetic mellitus start with the involvement of kidneys.                             

    e. Lalameha – Albuminuria (heavy whitish foam in urine)

##Lalameha – Albuminuria (heavy whitish foam in urine)

• Progressive stage of diabetes mellitus type-2 which may show

###Progressive stage of diabetes mellitus type-2 which may show

the presence of albumin.

the presence of albumin.

    f. Shuklameha- (urine having white colour like that of pasted flour)

##Shuklameha- (urine having white colour like that of pasted flour)

                          White & cloudy urine

###White & cloudy urine

• Progressive stage of diabetes mellitus type-2 with the further derangement in the functioning of nephrons (proteinuria).

####Progressive stage of diabetes mellitus type-2 with the further derangement in the functioning of nephrons (proteinuria).

    g. Shanaimeha – Reduced urinary flow (reduced urinary flow with increased frequency)

##Shanaimeha – Reduced urinary flow (reduced urinary flow with increased frequency)

• Stage of diabetes involving advanced nephropathy. Infective and reduced urinary flow.

###Stage of diabetes involving advanced nephropathy. Infective and reduced urinary flow.

    h. Shitameha- (the patient gets frequent micturition which is exceedingly sweet and  

##Shitameha- (the patient gets frequent micturition which is exceedingly sweet and cold)

                          cold)

###Stage of kidney failure due to diabetic nephropathy presence of excessive ammonical substance in urine.

• Stage of kidney failure due to diabetic nephropathy presence of excessive ammonical substance in urine.

####Sukrameha – Spermaturia (patient passes semen like urine or urine mixed with semen)

  i. Sukrameha – Spermaturia (patient passes semen like urine or urine mixed with semen)

###Autonomic diabetic neuropathy leading to retrograde ejaculation of sperm.

• Autonomic diabetic neuropathy leading to retrograde ejaculation of sperm.

#Pittaja prameha- (Stage of Infection & Inflammation in Diabetes)

Pittaja prameha- (Stage of Infection & Inflammation in Diabetes)

##Ksharameha- the patient passes urine having the smell, colour, taste and touch like those of alkalies. (pH of urine become alkaline)

a. Ksharameha- the patient passes urine having the smell, colour, taste and touch like those of            

###Increased urinary pH due to UTI in diabetes.

                          alkalies. (pH of urine become alkaline)

###Alkaline fermentation causes an ammoniacal smell, and patients with diabetic ketoacidosis produce urine that may have a sweet or fruity odour.

• Increased urinary pH due to UTI in diabetes.

##Kalameha- the patient passes black colour urine.

• Alkaline fermentation causes an ammoniacal smell, and patients with diabetic ketoacidosis produce urine that may have a sweet or fruity odour.

###Highly concentrated urine due to dehydration.

b. Kalameha- the patient passes black colour urine.

##Nilameha-  the patient passes urine having sour taste and colour like that of the feather of casa bird.

• Highly concentrated urine due to dehydration.

###Blue colour urine indicative of bacterial urinary tract infection

##Raktameha - the patient passes urine having red colour, saline taste and smell like that of raw fish.

c. Nilameha-  the patient passes urine having sour taste and colour like that of the feather of casa  

###Microscopic hematuria.

                        bird.

##Manjishthameha - the patient frequently passes urine having the smell like that of raw flesh and                           colour like that of the juice of manjistha (Rubia cordifolia Linn.)

• Blue colour urine indicative of bacterial urinary tract infection

###Gross hematuria due to UTI.

d. Raktameha - the patient passes urine having red colour, saline taste and smell like that of raw  

##Haridrameha - the patient passes urine having pungent taste and colour like that of the juice of haridra (Curcuma longa Linn.)

                          fish.

###dark yellow colour urine due to dehydration. Highly concentrated urine due to UTI/ dark yellow colour due to jaundice.   

• Microscopic hematuria.

#Vataja prameha- (Type-1Diabetes mellitus)

e. Manjishthameha - the patient frequently passes urine having the smell like that of raw flesh and                               colour like that of the juice of manjistha (Rubia cordifolia Linn.)

##Vasameha - Lipiduria (prence of lipid in urine) in Nephrotic syndrome associated with type-1 diabetes mellitus (30-40%) known as Kimmelstiel –Wilsone  Syndrome.

• Gross hematuria due to UTI.

##Majjameha – presence of bone marrow.       

f. Haridrameha - the patient passes urine having pungent taste and colour like that of the juice of  

##Lasikameha/ Hastimeha- Proteinuria/ diabetic ketoacidosis due to diabetes mellitus

                            haridra (Curcuma longa Linn.)

##Ojomeha/ Madhumeha- Type – 1 Diabetes mellitus

• dark yellow colour urine due to dehydration. Highly concentrated  

                                                urine due to UTI/ dark yellow colour due to jaundice.   

3. Vataja prameha- (Type-1Diabetes mellitus)

    a. Vasameha -   Lipiduria (prence of lipid in urine) in Nephrotic syndrome associated with           type-1 diabetes mellitus (30-40%) known as Kimmelstiel –Wilsone  Syndrome.

    b. Majjameha – presence of bone marrow.       

    c. Lasikameha/ Hastimeha- Proteinuria/ diabetic ketoacidosis due to diabetes mellitus

    d. Ojomeha/ Madhumeha- Type – 1 Diabetes mellitus

   

   

Parameter of urinalysis used in above:

Parameter of urinalysis used in above: