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'''Functions of Dhatu'''
 
'''Functions of Dhatu'''
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The major functions of seven dhatus are listed as preenana(nourishment), jeevana(vitalizing), lepa(covering), snehana(moistening), dharana(supporting),poorana(filling), and garbhoptpadana(reproduction) respectively.[Ashtanga Hrudaya sutra sthana 9/4]
 
The major functions of seven dhatus are listed as preenana(nourishment), jeevana(vitalizing), lepa(covering), snehana(moistening), dharana(supporting),poorana(filling), and garbhoptpadana(reproduction) respectively.[Ashtanga Hrudaya sutra sthana 9/4]
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'''Concept of Upadhatu and Dhatumala:'''
 
'''Concept of Upadhatu and Dhatumala:'''
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Upadhatu and mala are by-products formed during process of metabolism. The by-products are categorized into these two groups according to their functional importance. Dhatu supports the body and nourishes the subsequent dhatu. However,upa-dhatus do not nourish any further element. They only carry physiological functions and only support body.  
 
Upadhatu and mala are by-products formed during process of metabolism. The by-products are categorized into these two groups according to their functional importance. Dhatu supports the body and nourishes the subsequent dhatu. However,upa-dhatus do not nourish any further element. They only carry physiological functions and only support body.  
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The other by-products are dhatu-mala or excretory products. They can get easily vitiated by pathogenic factors; hence they are termed as mala.  
 
The other by-products are dhatu-mala or excretory products. They can get easily vitiated by pathogenic factors; hence they are termed as mala.  
 
The following table gives information about upadhatu and mala. [Cha. Sa.Chikitsasthana 15/17], [Cha.Sa. Chikitsasthana 15/20]
 
The following table gives information about upadhatu and mala. [Cha. Sa.Chikitsasthana 15/17], [Cha.Sa. Chikitsasthana 15/20]
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Sr.No. Dhatu Upadhatu Mala
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1. Rasa Stanya (breast milk), Rakta(menstrual blood) Kapha
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2. Rakta Kandara (artery), sira (blood vessels), artava(menstrual blood)* Pitta
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3. Mamsa Vasa (muscle fat), six layers of skin Kha-mala (excreta in ear, nose)
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4. Meda Snayu (tendons) Sweda (sweat)
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5. Asthi Danta(teeth)*nakha(nails)# Kesha(scalp hair) and loma(body hair)
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6. Majja Kesha(hair)* Akshi-twacha-vit sneha(oiliness in eyes, skin and stools)
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7. Shukra Ojas*
   
*As opined by Sharangadhara[Sharangadhara Sam. Purvakhanda chapter 5] #As opined bySushruta [Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 46/529]
 
*As opined by Sharangadhara[Sharangadhara Sam. Purvakhanda chapter 5] #As opined bySushruta [Su.Sa. Sutra Sthana 46/529]
  
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