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===Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation===
 
===Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation===
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अथातोऽणुज्योतीयमिन्द्रियं व्याख्यास्यामः||१||  
 
अथातोऽणुज्योतीयमिन्द्रियं व्याख्यास्यामः||१||  
    
इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||  
 
इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||  
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athātō'ṇujyōtīyamindriyaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1||  
 
athātō'ṇujyōtīyamindriyaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1||  
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iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||  
 
iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||  
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We shall now expound the chapter on signs and symptoms of ‘Imminent Death due to diminution of ''Agni'' (Factor responsible for digestion and metabolism). Thus said Lord Atreya. [1-2]  
 
We shall now expound the chapter on signs and symptoms of ‘Imminent Death due to diminution of ''Agni'' (Factor responsible for digestion and metabolism). Thus said Lord Atreya. [1-2]  
    
==== Signs of near-death and declining lifespan ====
 
==== Signs of near-death and declining lifespan ====
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अणुज्योतिरनेकाग्रो दुश्छायो दुर्मनाः सदा| <br />
 
अणुज्योतिरनेकाग्रो दुश्छायो दुर्मनाः सदा| <br />
 
रतिं न लभते याति परलोकं समान्तरम्||३|| <br />
 
रतिं न लभते याति परलोकं समान्तरम्||३|| <br />
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aṇujyōtiranēkāgrō duśchāyō durmanāḥ sadā| <br />
 
aṇujyōtiranēkāgrō duśchāyō durmanāḥ sadā| <br />
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aNujyotiranekAgro dushchAyo durmanAH sadA| <br />
 
aNujyotiranekAgro dushchAyo durmanAH sadA| <br />
 
ratiM na labhate yAti [1] paralokaM samAntaram||3|| <br />
 
ratiM na labhate yAti [1] paralokaM samAntaram||3|| <br />
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The person always (suffering from) with poor digestion, unstable or agitated mind, diminished luster, weak mental strength and restlessness goes to other world [dies] within a year. [3]
 
The person always (suffering from) with poor digestion, unstable or agitated mind, diminished luster, weak mental strength and restlessness goes to other world [dies] within a year. [3]
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बलिं बलिभृतो यस्य प्रणीतं नोपभुञ्जते| <br />
 
बलिं बलिभृतो यस्य प्रणीतं नोपभुञ्जते| <br />
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विकृत्या विनिमित्तं यः शोभामुपचयं धनम्| <br />
 
विकृत्या विनिमित्तं यः शोभामुपचयं धनम्| <br />
 
प्राप्नोत्यतो वा विभ्रंशं समान्तं तस्य जीवितम्||६|| <br />
 
प्राप्नोत्यतो वा विभ्रंशं समान्तं तस्य जीवितम्||६|| <br />
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baliṁ balibhr̥tō yasya praṇītaṁ nōpabhuñjatē| <br />
 
baliṁ balibhr̥tō yasya praṇītaṁ nōpabhuñjatē| <br />
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vikRutyA vinimittaM yaH shobhAmupacayaM dhanam| <br />
 
vikRutyA vinimittaM yaH shobhAmupacayaM dhanam| <br />
 
prApnotyato vA vibhraMshaM samAntaM tasya jIvitam||6|| <br />
 
prApnotyato vA vibhraMshaM samAntaM tasya jIvitam||6|| <br />
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Sudden gain or loss of luster, body weight, or wealth without any reasons indicates death of the person within one year thereafter. [6]
 
Sudden gain or loss of luster, body weight, or wealth without any reasons indicates death of the person within one year thereafter. [6]
 
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भक्तिः शीलं स्मृतिस्त्यागो बुद्धिर्बलमहेतुकम्| <br />
 
भक्तिः शीलं स्मृतिस्त्यागो बुद्धिर्बलमहेतुकम्| <br />
 
षडेतानि निवर्तन्ते षड्भिर्मासैर्मरिष्यतः||७|| <br />
 
षडेतानि निवर्तन्ते षड्भिर्मासैर्मरिष्यतः||७|| <br />
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bhaktiḥ śīlaṁ smr̥tistyāgō buddhirbalamahētukam| <br />
 
bhaktiḥ śīlaṁ smr̥tistyāgō buddhirbalamahētukam| <br />
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bhaktiH shIlaM smRutistyAgo buddhirbalamahetukam| <br />
 
bhaktiH shIlaM smRutistyAgo buddhirbalamahetukam| <br />
 
ShaDetAni nivartante ShaDbhirmAsairmariShyataH||7|| <br />
 
ShaDetAni nivartante ShaDbhirmAsairmariShyataH||7|| <br />
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Sudden changes in likings, gentleness, memory, sacrifices, intellect and strength these six attributes in a person indicate the death within a time of six months. [7]  
 
Sudden changes in likings, gentleness, memory, sacrifices, intellect and strength these six attributes in a person indicate the death within a time of six months. [7]  
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धमनीनामपूर्वाणां जालमत्यर्थशोभनम्| <br />
 
धमनीनामपूर्वाणां जालमत्यर्थशोभनम्| <br />
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लेखाभिश्चन्द्रवक्राभिर्ललाटमुपचीयते| <br />
 
लेखाभिश्चन्द्रवक्राभिर्ललाटमुपचीयते| <br />
 
यस्य तस्यायुषः षड्भिर्मासैरन्तं समादिशेत्||९|| <br />
 
यस्य तस्यायुषः षड्भिर्मासैरन्तं समादिशेत्||९|| <br />
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dhamanīnāmapūrvāṇāṁ jālamatyarthaśōbhanam| <br />
 
dhamanīnāmapūrvāṇāṁ jālamatyarthaśōbhanam| <br />
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lekhAbhishcandravakrAbhirlalATamupacIyate| <br />
 
lekhAbhishcandravakrAbhirlalATamupacIyate| <br />
 
yasya tasyAyuShaH ShaDbhirmAsairantaM samAdishet||9|| <br />
 
yasya tasyAyuShaH ShaDbhirmAsairantaM samAdishet||9|| <br />
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Sudden appearance of extremely shiny and prominent vasculature on fore head of an individual indicates that maximum life span of less than six month. [8]
 
Sudden appearance of extremely shiny and prominent vasculature on fore head of an individual indicates that maximum life span of less than six month. [8]
    
A person, on whose forehead crescent shaped grooves develop, is supposed to die after six months [9]
 
A person, on whose forehead crescent shaped grooves develop, is supposed to die after six months [9]
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शरीरकम्पः सम्मोहो गतिर्वचनमेव च| <br />
 
शरीरकम्पः सम्मोहो गतिर्वचनमेव च| <br />
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रेतोमूत्रपुरीषाणि यस्य मज्जन्ति चाम्भसि| <br />
 
रेतोमूत्रपुरीषाणि यस्य मज्जन्ति चाम्भसि| <br />
 
स मासात् स्वजनद्वेष्टा मृत्युवारिणि मज्जति||११||<br />
 
स मासात् स्वजनद्वेष्टा मृत्युवारिणि मज्जति||११||<br />
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śarīrakampaḥ sammōhō gatirvacanamēva ca| <br />
 
śarīrakampaḥ sammōhō gatirvacanamēva ca| <br />
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retomUtrapurIShANi yasya majjanti cAmbhasi| <br />
 
retomUtrapurIShANi yasya majjanti cAmbhasi| <br />
 
sa mAsAt svajanadveShTA mRutyuvAriNi majjati||11|| <br />
 
sa mAsAt svajanadveShTA mRutyuvAriNi majjati||11|| <br />
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Sudden appearance of tremors on body, drowsiness along with altered gait and speech resembling of an insane person cannot survive even for a month. [10]
 
Sudden appearance of tremors on body, drowsiness along with altered gait and speech resembling of an insane person cannot survive even for a month. [10]
    
If semen, urine and feces of an individual sink in water as well as have aversion from own relatives, will sink in the water of death within one month. [11]
 
If semen, urine and feces of an individual sink in water as well as have aversion from own relatives, will sink in the water of death within one month. [11]
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हस्तपादं मुखं चोभे विशेषाद्यस्य शुष्यतः| <br />
 
हस्तपादं मुखं चोभे विशेषाद्यस्य शुष्यतः| <br />
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प्रमुह्य लुञ्चयेत् केशान् परिगृह्णात्यतीव  च| <br />
 
प्रमुह्य लुञ्चयेत् केशान् परिगृह्णात्यतीव  च| <br />
 
नरः स्वस्थवदाहारमबलः  कालचोदितः||१७||<br />
 
नरः स्वस्थवदाहारमबलः  कालचोदितः||१७||<br />
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hastapādaṁ mukhaṁ cōbhē viśēṣādyasya śuṣyataḥ| <br />
 
hastapādaṁ mukhaṁ cōbhē viśēṣādyasya śuṣyataḥ| <br />
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pramuhya lu~jcayet keshAn parigRuhNAtyatIva [4] ca| <br />
 
pramuhya lu~jcayet keshAn parigRuhNAtyatIva [4] ca| <br />
 
naraH svasthavadAhAramabalaH [5] kAlacoditaH||17|| <br />
 
naraH svasthavadAhAramabalaH [5] kAlacoditaH||17|| <br />
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A person, who pulls out his hair in fainting state, eats food like healthy person and still remains weak should be considered as captured by death. [17]
 
A person, who pulls out his hair in fainting state, eats food like healthy person and still remains weak should be considered as captured by death. [17]
 
</div>
 
</div>
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समीपे चक्षुषोः कृत्वा मृगयेताङ्गुलीकरम्| <br />
 
समीपे चक्षुषोः कृत्वा मृगयेताङ्गुलीकरम्| <br />
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शयनादासनादङ्गात् काष्ठात् कुड्यादथापि वा| <br />
 
शयनादासनादङ्गात् काष्ठात् कुड्यादथापि वा| <br />
 
असन्मृगयते किञ्चित् स मुह्यन् कालचोदितः||१९|| <br />
 
असन्मृगयते किञ्चित् स मुह्यन् कालचोदितः||१९|| <br />
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samīpē cakṣuṣōḥ kr̥tvā mr̥gayētāṅgulīkaram| <br />
 
samīpē cakṣuṣōḥ kr̥tvā mr̥gayētāṅgulīkaram| <br />
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shayanAdAsanAda~ggAt kAShThAt kuDyAdathApi vA| <br />
 
shayanAdAsanAda~ggAt kAShThAt kuDyAdathApi vA| <br />
 
asanmRugayate ki~jcit sa muhyan kAlacoditaH||19|| <br />
 
asanmRugayate ki~jcit sa muhyan kAlacoditaH||19|| <br />
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<div style="text-align:justify;">
 
<div style="text-align:justify;">
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A person who is lying on his bed but is searching for his bed continuously, sitting on chair and searching his own seat, searching his own organs, walking with the stick and searching the same, and searching the walls of his own room, or while working with something and searching the same, are the symptoms of the imminent death of that person. [19]
 
A person who is lying on his bed but is searching for his bed continuously, sitting on chair and searching his own seat, searching his own organs, walking with the stick and searching the same, and searching the walls of his own room, or while working with something and searching the same, are the symptoms of the imminent death of that person. [19]
 
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अहास्यहासी सम्मुह्यन् प्रलेढि  दशनच्छदौ| <br />
 
अहास्यहासी सम्मुह्यन् प्रलेढि  दशनच्छदौ| <br />
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आह्वयंस्तं समीपस्थं स्वजनं जनमेव वा| <br />
 
आह्वयंस्तं समीपस्थं स्वजनं जनमेव वा| <br />
 
महामोहावृतमनाः पश्यन्नपि न पश्यति||२१|| <br />
 
महामोहावृतमनाः पश्यन्नपि न पश्यति||२१|| <br />
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ahāsyahāsī sammuhyan pralēḍhi  daśanacchadau| <br />
 
ahāsyahāsī sammuhyan pralēḍhi  daśanacchadau| <br />
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AhvayaMstaM samIpasthaM svajanaM janameva vA| <br />
 
AhvayaMstaM samIpasthaM svajanaM janameva vA| <br />
 
mahAmohAvRutamanAH pashyannapi na pashyati||21|| <br />
 
mahAmohAvRutamanAH pashyannapi na pashyati||21|| <br />
 +
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Person who laughs without any reason, acts stupid, teeth and gums are covered with dirt, biting his lips and whose feet, arms are too cold and disappointingly takes long breaths will not survive for long. [20]
 
Person who laughs without any reason, acts stupid, teeth and gums are covered with dirt, biting his lips and whose feet, arms are too cold and disappointingly takes long breaths will not survive for long. [20]
    
Loud shout to call relatives and other people sitting nearby, severe visual hallucinations for non-existing things, observed in the person whose mind is covered by severe delusion [of death].[21]
 
Loud shout to call relatives and other people sitting nearby, severe visual hallucinations for non-existing things, observed in the person whose mind is covered by severe delusion [of death].[21]
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अयोगमतियोगं वा शरीरे मतिमान् भिषक्| <br />
 
अयोगमतियोगं वा शरीरे मतिमान् भिषक्| <br />
 
खादीनां युगपद्दृष्ट्वा भेषजं नावचारयेत्||२२|| <br />
 
खादीनां युगपद्दृष्ट्वा भेषजं नावचारयेत्||२२|| <br />
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ayōgamatiyōgaṁ vā śarīrē matimān bhiṣak|<br />  
 
ayōgamatiyōgaṁ vā śarīrē matimān bhiṣak|<br />  
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ayogamatiyogaM vA sharIre matimAn bhiShak| <br />
 
ayogamatiyogaM vA sharIre matimAn bhiShak| <br />
 
khAdInAM yugapaddRuShTvA bheShajaM nAvacArayet||22||<br />
 
khAdInAM yugapaddRuShTvA bheShajaM nAvacArayet||22||<br />
 +
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A wise physician should abstain from treating a patient on observing that the patient’s body is simultaneously responding both excessively and deficiently to sensory stimuli. [22]   
 
A wise physician should abstain from treating a patient on observing that the patient’s body is simultaneously responding both excessively and deficiently to sensory stimuli. [22]   
    
==== Signs of death ====
 
==== Signs of death ====
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अतिप्रवृद्ध्या रोगाणां मनसश्च बलक्षयात्| <br />
 
अतिप्रवृद्ध्या रोगाणां मनसश्च बलक्षयात्| <br />
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वर्णस्वरावग्निबलं वागिन्द्रियमनोबलम्| <br />
 
वर्णस्वरावग्निबलं वागिन्द्रियमनोबलम्| <br />
 
हीयतेऽसुक्षये निद्रा नित्या भवति वा न वा||२४|| <br />
 
हीयतेऽसुक्षये निद्रा नित्या भवति वा न वा||२४|| <br />
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atipravr̥ddhyā rōgāṇāṁ manasaśca balakṣayāt| <br />
 
atipravr̥ddhyā rōgāṇāṁ manasaśca balakṣayāt| <br />
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varNasvarAvagnibalaM vAgindriyamanobalam| <br />
 
varNasvarAvagnibalaM vAgindriyamanobalam| <br />
 
hIyate~asukShaye nidrA nityA bhavati vA na vA||24||<br />
 
hIyate~asukShaye nidrA nityA bhavati vA na vA||24||<br />
 +
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In case of extreme advancement of the disease and weaker psychological strength, the soul immediately leaves the body. [23]
 
In case of extreme advancement of the disease and weaker psychological strength, the soul immediately leaves the body. [23]
 
Near the end of life there is general decline in complexion, voice,''agni'', speech and state of mind, as well as sleep pattern alters. [24]
 
Near the end of life there is general decline in complexion, voice,''agni'', speech and state of mind, as well as sleep pattern alters. [24]
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भिषग्भेषजपानान्नगुरुमित्रद्विषश्च ये| <br />
 
भिषग्भेषजपानान्नगुरुमित्रद्विषश्च ये| <br />
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एतेषु रोगः क्रमते भेषजं प्रतिहन्यते| <br />
 
एतेषु रोगः क्रमते भेषजं प्रतिहन्यते| <br />
 
नैषामन्नानि भुञ्जीत न चोदकमपि स्पृशेत्||२६|| <br />
 
नैषामन्नानि भुञ्जीत न चोदकमपि स्पृशेत्||२६|| <br />
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bhiṣagbhēṣajapānānnagurumitradviṣaśca yē|<br />  
 
bhiṣagbhēṣajapānānnagurumitradviṣaśca yē|<br />  
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eteShu rogaH kramate bheShajaM pratihanyate| <br />
 
eteShu rogaH kramate bheShajaM pratihanyate| <br />
 
naiShAmannAni bhu~jjIta na codakamapi spRushet||26|| <br />
 
naiShAmannAni bhu~jjIta na codakamapi spRushet||26|| <br />
 +
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Those who hate physician, medicine, food (and drink), teacher (spiritual teacher), and friends; are considered to be already under the grip of God of death. [25]
 
Those who hate physician, medicine, food (and drink), teacher (spiritual teacher), and friends; are considered to be already under the grip of God of death. [25]
    
In such people, the disease progress occurs unrestricted and the medicine remains ineffective. The wise physician should not take his offerings in any form, even in form of food and drinks. [26]  
 
In such people, the disease progress occurs unrestricted and the medicine remains ineffective. The wise physician should not take his offerings in any form, even in form of food and drinks. [26]  
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पादाः समेताश्चत्वारः सम्पन्नाः साधकैर्गुणैः| <br />
 
पादाः समेताश्चत्वारः सम्पन्नाः साधकैर्गुणैः| <br />
 
व्यर्था गतायुषो द्रव्यं विना नास्ति गुणोदयः||२७||<br />  
 
व्यर्था गतायुषो द्रव्यं विना नास्ति गुणोदयः||२७||<br />  
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pādāḥ samētāścatvāraḥ sampannāḥ sādhakairguṇaiḥ| <br />
 
pādāḥ samētāścatvāraḥ sampannāḥ sādhakairguṇaiḥ| <br />
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pAdAH sametAshcatvAraH sampannAH sAdhakairguNaiH| <br />
 
pAdAH sametAshcatvAraH sampannAH sAdhakairguNaiH| <br />
 
vyarthA gatAyuSho dravyaM vinA nAsti guNodayaH||27|| <br />
 
vyarthA gatAyuSho dravyaM vinA nAsti guNodayaH||27|| <br />
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Availability of all four basic components of treatment i.e. doctor, medicament, care taker and patient with their desirable quality are of no value in regard to the person who is at the end of his life and there is no response to treatment.[27]  
 
Availability of all four basic components of treatment i.e. doctor, medicament, care taker and patient with their desirable quality are of no value in regard to the person who is at the end of his life and there is no response to treatment.[27]  
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परीक्ष्यमायुर्भिषजा नीरुजस्यातुरस्य च| <br />
 
परीक्ष्यमायुर्भिषजा नीरुजस्यातुरस्य च| <br />
 
आयुर्ज्ञानफलं कृत्स्नमायुर्ज्ञे ह्यनुवर्तते||२८|| <br />
 
आयुर्ज्ञानफलं कृत्स्नमायुर्ज्ञे ह्यनुवर्तते||२८|| <br />
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parīkṣyamāyurbhiṣajā nīrujasyāturasya ca| <br />
 
parīkṣyamāyurbhiṣajā nīrujasyāturasya ca| <br />
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parIkShyamAyurbhiShajA nIrujasyAturasya ca| <br />
 
parIkShyamAyurbhiShajA nIrujasyAturasya ca| <br />
 
Ayurj~jAnaphalaM kRutsnamAyurj~je hyanuvartate||28|| <br />
 
Ayurj~jAnaphalaM kRutsnamAyurj~je hyanuvartate||28|| <br />
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The physician should always assess the prognostic signs of life in diseased as well as in healthy person. Because the knowledge of prognostic signs of life and diseases helps to decide remaining lifespan and hence treatment can be planned accordingly. [28]
 
The physician should always assess the prognostic signs of life in diseased as well as in healthy person. Because the knowledge of prognostic signs of life and diseases helps to decide remaining lifespan and hence treatment can be planned accordingly. [28]
    
==== Summary ====
 
==== Summary ====
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तत्र श्लोकः- <br />
 
तत्र श्लोकः- <br />
 
क्रियापथमतिक्रान्ताः केवलं देहमाप्लुताः| <br />
 
क्रियापथमतिक्रान्ताः केवलं देहमाप्लुताः| <br />
 
चिह्नं कुर्वन्ति यद्दोषास्तदरिष्टं निरुच्यते||२९|| <br />
 
चिह्नं कुर्वन्ति यद्दोषास्तदरिष्टं निरुच्यते||२९|| <br />
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tatra ślōkaḥ- <br />
 
tatra ślōkaḥ- <br />
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kriyApathamatikrAntAH kevalaM dehamAplutAH| <br />
 
kriyApathamatikrAntAH kevalaM dehamAplutAH| <br />
 
cihnaM kurvanti yaddoShAstadariShTaM nirucyate||29|| <br />
 
cihnaM kurvanti yaddoShAstadariShTaM nirucyate||29|| <br />
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Here is the re capitulatory verse: The signs originated due to extensively vitiated and pervaded ''dosha'' throughout the body, and already transcended the stage of the treatment are called ''arishta'' (signs of death). [29]
 
Here is the re capitulatory verse: The signs originated due to extensively vitiated and pervaded ''dosha'' throughout the body, and already transcended the stage of the treatment are called ''arishta'' (signs of death). [29]