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=== Introduction ===

=== Introduction ===

Food is the most important source to achieve health and disease according to Ayurveda, and is even considered as a source of life as well as diseases. Wholesome diet is considered not just to be nourishing, but also to be therapeutic. It has also been given importance in other vedic texts. For instance, Maharshi Kashyapa considered food as mahabheshaja (great medicine) (Ka.S.Khil-4/5-6). However, there are some differences between ahara (food) & bheshaja (medicine) - the former is rasa pradhana (taste-centric) while the latter is virya pradhana (potency centric).   

Food is the most important source to achieve health and disease according to Ayurveda, and is even considered as a source of life as well as diseases. Wholesome diet is considered not just to be nourishing, but also to be therapeutic. It has also been given importance in other vedic texts. For instance, Maharshi Kashyapa considered food as ''mahabheshaja'' (great medicine) (Ka.S.Khil-4/5-6). However, there are some differences between ''ahara'' (food) and ''bheshaja'' (medicine) - the former is ''rasa pradhana'' (taste-centric) while the latter is ''veerya pradhana'' (potency centric).   

The etymological meaning of ahara (food) is to collect (ahiyate) for the nutritional purpose of the body. Ahara is a generic term that can mean anna (literally, cereals, but also mean solid food) and pana (beverages or anything drinkable). Ahara can be classified into twelve categories and should be balanced, consisting of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, salts, water, vitamins and essential micronutrients available from shashtika (rice), shali paddy, mudga (pulses), ghrita (clarified butter), saindhava lavana (rock salt), antariksha (rain water), amalaki (Indian gooseberry), madhu (honey) and payas (milk). According to Ayurveda, balanced diet besides nourishing the body, maintains the equilibrium of doshas, dhatus and malas.  

The etymological meaning of ''ahara'' (food) is to collect (''ahiyate'') for the nutritional purpose of the body. ''Ahara'' is a generic term that can mean ''anna'' (literally, cereals, but also mean solid food) and ''pana'' (beverages or anything drinkable). ''Ahara'' can be classified into twelve categories and should be balanced, consisting of carbohydrates, proteins, fats, salts, water, vitamins and essential micronutrients available from ''shashtika'' (rice), ''shali'' paddy, ''mudga'' (pulses), ''ghrita'' (clarified butter), ''saindhava lavana'' (rock salt), ''antariksha'' (rain water), ''amalaki'' (Indian gooseberry), ''madhu'' (honey) and ''payas'' (milk). According to Ayurveda, balanced diet besides nourishing the body, maintains the equilibrium of ''doshas, dhatus'' and ''malas''.  

There are many substances in shaka varga (greens or green vegetables) that are used as diet and  medicine, like kakamachi (Solanum nigrum Linn.), patha (Cissampelos pareira Linn.), shatishaka (Hedychium spicaticum Buch-Ham), changeri (Oxalis corniculata Linn.), shakuladani (Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth.), vrshapushpa (Adhatoda vasika Nees), gojihva (Launea asplenifolia Hook.f.), tilaparnika (Gynandropsis gynanndra Linn.), prapunnada (Cassia tora Linn.), triparni (Adiantum lunulatum Burm.), parpatakam (Fumaria vaillantti Loisel) etc.

There are many substances in ''shaka varga'' (greens or green vegetables) that are used as diet and  medicine, like ''kakamachi'' (Solanum nigrum Linn.), ''patha'' (Cissampelos pareira Linn.), ''shatishaka'' (Hedychium spicaticum Buch-Ham), ''changeri'' (Oxalis corniculata Linn.), ''shakuladani'' (Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth.), ''vrishapushpa'' (Adhatoda vasika Nees), ''gojihva'' (Launea asplenifolia Hook.f.), ''tilaparnika'' (Gynandropsis gynanndra Linn.), ''prapunnada'' (Cassia tora Linn.), ''triparni'' (Adiantum lunulatum Burm.), ''parpatakam'' (Fumaria vaillantti Loisel) etc.

Phala Varga (fruits articles); Following are not used bcause of non availability, aingudam (Balanites aegyptiaca Linn. Delile), bibhitakam (Terminalia bellerica Roxb.), amlavetasa (Hippophae rhamnoides sub sp. salicifolia), karcurah (Curcuma zedoaria Rosc.), karanja (Pongamia pinnata Pierre) as fruits.

===Sanskrit text, transliteration and english translation===

 

===Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation===

अथातोऽन्नपानविधिमध्यायंव्याख्यास्यामः॥१॥

अथातोऽन्नपानविधिमध्यायंव्याख्यास्यामः॥१॥

इतिहस्माहभगवानात्रेयः॥२॥

इतिहस्माहभगवानात्रेयः॥२॥

athātō'nnapānavidhimadhyāyaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1||  

athātō'nnapānavidhimadhyāyaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1||  

iti ha smāha bhagavānātrēyaḥ||2||  

iti ha smāha bhagavānātrēyaḥ||2||