Pancha mahabhuta

The word panchamahabhuta is made up of three words: ‘pancha’, ‘maha’ and ‘bhuta’. ‘Pancha’ means five, ‘maha’ means great and bhuta means that which exists. All the living and non-living objects in the universe are made up of panchamahabhuta. (Cha.Su. 26/10). Therefore, panchamahabhuta are the five fundamental elements responsible for the creation of the universe, including humans. Each individual has a unique panchbhautik constitution. This constitution remains in state of equilibrium in health and any imbalance results in disease. It is crucial for healthcare providers to identify panchbhautik imbalance and should have the capability to restore equilibrium.

Etymology and derivation

The word ‘bhuta’ is derived from “Bhu” dhatu(Sanskrit root) and “Kta” pratyaya(suffix). It means existence in the universe. That which can be perceived through the external sense organs is called Bhuta.

Five fundamental elements

The five fundamental elements are (Cha.Sha. 1/27)

1. Akasha
2. Vayu
3. Agni
4. Jala
5. Prithvi

Each of these elements possesses inherent physical properties.