| Line 5,186: |
Line 5,186: |
| | The nutritional fundamentals accepted by the World Health Organization and most nutritional authorities today include vegetables, beans, nuts, seeds, and fruit as healthy foods; and salt, saturated fat, and excess sugar as disease causing. Excessive amounts of animal products may lead to premature aging, increased risk of chronic disease and higher all-cause mortality.<ref name="fast food"/> Therefore it can be stated that the food items described in this chapter are beneficial for preservation of health and prevention of diseases. | | The nutritional fundamentals accepted by the World Health Organization and most nutritional authorities today include vegetables, beans, nuts, seeds, and fruit as healthy foods; and salt, saturated fat, and excess sugar as disease causing. Excessive amounts of animal products may lead to premature aging, increased risk of chronic disease and higher all-cause mortality.<ref name="fast food"/> Therefore it can be stated that the food items described in this chapter are beneficial for preservation of health and prevention of diseases. |
| | | | |
| − | === Annexure-I: The Herbs mentioned in this chapter with their English & Botanical name === | + | == References == |
| − | | |
| − | {| class="wikitable"
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | ! rowspan="1"| Sanskrit name
| |
| − | ! rowspan="1"| English Name
| |
| − | ! rowspan="1"| Botanical Name
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" |Sukadhanyavarga? (class of corns or mono cotyledons)
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Raktasali || Red rice|| Oryza sativa Linn.Red variety
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Mahāśāliḥ || ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kalamaḥ || ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Śakunāhṝtaḥ (vakra)|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Tūrṇaka (cūrṇakaḥ) || ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Dirghasuka|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Gauraḥ|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Pāṇḍuka || ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Lāṅgulau|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Sugandhaka|| basmati rice ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Lohavālaḥ|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Sariva|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Pramodakaḥ|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Pataṅaga|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Tapaniya|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Yavaka|| Oat || Avena byzantina C.Koch.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Hāyanāḥ|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Pāṁsu|| Deep-water paddy||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Vapya|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Naiṣadhaka|| Inferior variety of sali||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Ṣaṣṭikaḥ Dhānya
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | ṣaṣṭikaḥ|| Sastika rice||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Varaka (cinaka)|| Common millet|| Panicum miliaceum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Uddalaka(vanakodrava)|| Kodo millet || Paspalum scrobiculatum var. sommeronii Stapf.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Cina|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Sarada|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Ujjvala || ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Dardurāḥ|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Gandhanāḥ (gandhalāḥ)|| Fragrant rice||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kuruvinda|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Vṛīhiḥ Dhānya
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Vṛīhiḥ|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Pāṭalaḥ|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Koradūṣaḥ (kodrava)|| Sanwa millet|| Paspalum scrobiculatum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Śyāmākaḥ (sāṁvā)|| Japanese Barnyard Millet|| Echinochloa frumentacea Link.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Hastiśyāmāka (baṛāsāṁvā)|| Barnyard Millet|| Echinochloa crus galli- (Linn.) Beauv
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Nivara (tinni ka cavala)|| || Hygroryza aristata (Retz.)Nees ex Wight & Arn
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Toyaparṇī || ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Gavedhukāḥ|| Job’s tears|| Coix lacryma-JobiLinn
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Prasantika|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Setaria italica Linn. Beauv.|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Lauhitya|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Aṇu|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Priyaṅgavaḥ (kaṅgunī)|| Italian millet|| Setaria italica Linn. Beauv.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Mukundo || ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Jhiṇṭi || ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Garmūṭī|| Job’s tear (bigger variety)|| Coix gigantea Koenig ex Roxb.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Varuka|| || Sorghum halepense Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Varaka (syamabija) || || Seed of Saccharum munja Roxb.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Sibira || ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Utkaṭa|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Jūrṇāhvāḥ (jvāra)|| Great millet|| Sorghum vulgare (Linn.)Pers.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Yava|| Barley || Hordeum vulgare Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Veṇuyava|| Barley shaped bamboo fruit|| Bambusa arundinacea(Retz.)Roxb.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Godhūmaḥ|| Wheat || Triticum aestivum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Nandimukhi || Crowfoot grass|| Eleusine indica Gaertn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Madhūlī (maḍuā, markaṭatṛṇa, nṛtyakuṇḍaka)|| Finger Millet|| Eleusine coracana Gaerin.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Śamīdhānyaḥvargaḥ (class of di-cotyledons)
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Mudgaḥ|| Greengram || Vigna radiata (Linn.) Wilczec
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Māṣaḥ|| Black gram || Vigna mungo Linn. Heppersyn. Phaseolus Mungo Linn. Non-Roxb & auct
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Rājamāṣaḥ (lobiyā, boḍā)|| Black eye-pea || Vigna unguiculata Linn. Walp
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kulattha|| Horse-gram || Dolichos biflorus Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Makuṣṭhako || Moth-gram || Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.)Marechal
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Caṇakaḥ || Chickpea|| Cicer arietinum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Khaṇḍikāḥ (khesārī-tripuṭakalāya)|| Chickling vetch|| Lathyrus sativus Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Hareṇu (choṭī yā deśī maṭara)|| Common pea || Pisum sativum Sub sp.sativum, Co.ver. speciosum Dierb. Alef
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kalāyaḥ|| Chickling vetch ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |Til (kṛṣṇatila)|| Seasam|| Sesamum indicum Linn
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Śimbijātayaḥ|| Different types of legumes||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Simbi|| Legume||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Āḍhakī|| Pigeon-pea || Cajanus cajan (Linn.) Mill Sp.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |Avalgujaḥ (bākucī)|| Babchi Seeds || Psoralea corylifolia Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |Aiḍagaja (cakramarda)|| Wild Senna/Sickle Senna|| Cassia tora Linn
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Niṣpāva (sema) || Lablab || Dolichos lablab Linn. var.
| |
| − | typicusPrain.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kākāṇḍa|| Sword bean || Mucuna monosperma DC
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Uma (atasi) || Linseed || Linum usitatissimum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Atmagupta|| Cowhage || Mucuna prurita Hook
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Māṁsavargaḥ
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | || ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Śākavargaḥ
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Pāṭhā || Velvet-Leaf Pareira|| Cissampelos pareira Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Śuṣā (kāsamarda)|| Negro coffee || Cassia occidentalis Linn
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Śaṭīśāka (kapūrakacarī)|| Spiked Ginger Lily|| Hedychium spicatum Ham ex. Smith
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Vastuka || || Chenopodium murale Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Suniṣaṇṇāka (caupatiyā)|| || Marsilea minuta Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kakamaci|| Black nightshade || Solanum nigrum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Rājakṣavaka (dugdhikā)|| Asthma weed || Euphorbia thymifolia Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kalasaka(cañcu bheda) || Jute plant || Corchorus capsularis Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kālāyaṁ(kālākhyaṁ) śāka|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Cāṅagerī || Indian sorrel|| Oxalis corniculata Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Upodika (poi)|| Indian spinach || Basella rubra Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Taṇḍulīyakaḥ || Prickly Amaranth || Amaranthus spinosus Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Maṇḍūkaparṇī || Indian pennywort || Centella asiatica (Linn.) Urban
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Vetrāgraṁ (beṁta)|| Country willow / Bareilly Cane|| Calamus tenuis Roxb.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kucelā (rājapāṭhā- akarṇaviddhikābhedaḥ)|| || Cyclea arnotii Meirs
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Vanatiktakam (pathyasundaraka yā grīṣmasundara gīmāśāka)|| || Mollugo spergula Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Karkoṭaka (baḍā kakoḍā)|| Sponge gourd/ BurCucumber|| Momordica dioica Roxb.ex Willd
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Avalgujaka (bakuci)|| Babchi || Psoralea corylifolia Linn
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Paṭolaṁ || Pointed gourd || Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Śakulādanī (kuṭakī)|| Kurroa || Picrorhiza kurroa Royle ex Benth.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Vṛṣapuṣpā (vāsapuṣpā)|| Flower of Vasaka|| Adhatoda vasica Nees
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Śārṅgeṣṭā (lākhana)|| Black night shade || Dregea volubilis (Linn.f) Benth.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kembūkaṁ|| Swamp cabbage|| Ipomoea aquatica Forsk
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kaṭhillaka (raktapunarnavā)|| Hog weed || Boerhavia diffusa Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Nāḍīśāka (naracā in bengali)|| Wild Tossa jute || Corchorus olitorius Linn
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kalaya (khesari)|| Chickling vetch || Lathyrus sativus Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Gojihva (vanagobhi) || Elephant’s foot || Launaea asplenifolia Hook.f.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Vartaka || Brinjal|| Solanum melongena Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Tilaparṇikā (hulahula)|| Dog mustard / Wildmustard || Cleome icosandra Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kaulakaṁ (kāravellakaḥ)|| Carilla || Momordica charantia Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kārkaṣaṁ || || Momordica sp.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Naimbaṁ ṣākaṁ || Neem leaves|| Azadirachta indica A.Juss
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Pārpaṭakaṁ (pittapāpaḍā)|| Trailing rungia || Fumaria vaillantii Loisel
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Supyasaka- Patrasaka
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Phañji || Bind weed || Rivea ornate (Roxb.) Choisy
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Cilli || White goosefoot || Chenopodium album Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kutumbakaḥ (gūmāpatra)|| White Dead Nettle shrub || Lamium album Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Aluka|| Tubers of Aluka|| Dioscorea species
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kuṭiñjara patra (tāmramūlī)|| || Digera muricata (Linn.)Mart
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Śaṇa || Bengal hemp plant || Crotalaria verrucosa Linn
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Śālmalipuṣpā || Silk cotton || Salmalia malabarica (DC) Schott & Endl
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Karbudāraḥ || Mountain ebony || Bauhinia variegata Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Suvarcala || Heliotrope || Malva rotundifolia Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Niṣpāvaḥ (Sema)|| Lablab bean|| Dolichos lablab Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kovidara || Variegated mountain ebony|| Bauhinia purpurea Linn
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Pattura || Coxcomb|| Alternanthera sessilis (Linn.) R.Br.ex DC
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Cuñcuparṇikā|| Multa jute || Corchorus Sp.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kumarajivo|| || Amaranthus paniculatus Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Loṭṭākaḥ (raktamariṣa)|| Chinese spinach || Amaranthus tricolor Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Pālaṅkyā || Spinach|| Spinacia oleracea Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Māriṣa || Amaranth|| Amaranthus blitus Linn.var. oleraceusDuthie
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kalambanalika (karemua ki nala)|| Swamp cabbage|| Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Āsūryaḥ (rāī)|| Mustard || Brassica juncea (Linn.) Czern & Coss
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kusumbha|| Safflower || Carthamus tinctorius Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Vṛkadhūmakaḥ (bhūmiśirīṣa)|| Young Siris ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Lakṣmaṇā || ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Prapunnāḍa || Fetid cassia/Ringworm plant|| Cassia tora Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Nalini || Stalk of lotus || Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kuṭherakaḥ|| Shrubby basil || Ocimum sp.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Loṇikā (nonīśāka)|| Common Indian purslane || Portulaca quadrifida Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Yavaśākaṁ (vāstuka)|| Red variety of white goose foot || Chenopodium purpurascens B.DE JUSS.ex JACQ
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kūṣmāṇḍa || White gourd || Benincasa hispida Thunb. Cong
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Avalgujam || Babchi leaves || Psoralea corylifolia Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Yātukaḥ (śālaparṇī bheda)|| || Desmodium Sp.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Śālakalyāṇī (śālīñca bheda) || || Alternanthera sp.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Triparṇī (haṁsapadī)|| Maidenhair Fern|| Adiantum lunulatum Burm.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Pīluparṇikā (moraṭa)|| Trilobed virgin’s bower || Maerua arenaria Hook.F & Th.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Śaṇa|| Flower of Bengal hemp || Crotalaria juncea Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kovidāra puṣpa|| Pink Bauhinia|| Bauhinia purpurea Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Karbudāra puṣpa|| Mountain Ebony || Bauhinia variegata Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Śālmalī puṣpa|| Silk cotton || Salmalia malabarica (DC)Schott & Endl
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Nyagrodha pallavāḥ|| Banyan || Tender leaves of Ficus benghalensis Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Udumbara pallavāḥ|| Gular fig / Country Fig|| Tender leaves of Ficus racemosa Linn
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Aśvattha pallavāḥ|| Holy fig || Tender leaves of Ficus religiosa Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Plakṣa pallavāḥ|| White fig || Tender leaves of Ficus lacor Buch.-Ham
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Padma pallavāḥ|| Lotus || Tender leaves of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Vatsādanī (amṛtāpatra)|| Guduchi|| Tinosporacordifolia (Willd) Miers ex Hook f. & Thoms
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Gaṇḍīra || ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Citraka || White flowered Leadwort || Plumbago zeylanica Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Sreyasi (rasna)|| Elephant pepper || Pluchea lanceolata C.B. Clarke
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Bilvaparṇī || || Limonia crenulata Roxb.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Bilvapatraṁ|| Leaves of Bael tree|| Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa ex Roxb.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Bhaṇḍī (Sirīṣa)|| East Indian walnut|| Albizia lebbeck (Linn.) Willd
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Śatāvarīśākaṁ || Climbing asparagus || Asparagus racemosus Willd
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Bala || Heart-leaved sida /Country Mallow|| Sida cordifolia Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Jivantisaka || Cork swallow wort || Leptadenia reticulata W.& A.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Parvaṇyāḥ || Leaves of scutch grass || Polygonum sp.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Parvapuṣpyā|| || Polygonum sp.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Tiktaṁ lāṅgalī || Glory Lily || Gloriosa superba Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Urubūkayoḥ patraśākaṁ(rakta eraṇḍa patra) || Red flowered castoroil plant || Ricinus communis Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Tilaśākaṁ|| Leaf of Gingelly|| Sesamum indicum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Vetasaśākaṁ || Goat Willow || Salix caprea Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Pañcāṅgulasyaśākaṁ (śveta eraṇḍa)|| Castor oil plant || Ricinus communis Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kausumbhaṁ || Safflower|| Carthamus tinctorius Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Trapusa || Common Cucumber || Cucumis sativus Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Ervāruka (phūṭa kākaḍī)|| Phut cucumber|| Cucumis utilissimus Roxb.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Alabu (lamba kaddu)|| Bottle-gourd || Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Cirbhaṭa (māravāṛa meṁ kākaṛī)|| Sweet Melon|| Cucumis momordica Duth & Full.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kūṣmāṇḍa|| Ripen white gourd || Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kelūṭa || ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kadamba || Kadam|| Anthocephalus cadamba Miq
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Nadīmāṣaka(udīmānaka)|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Ainduka (nikṣāraḥ)|| Common mountain ebony||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Utpalani || Blue water lily || Nymphaea caerulea auct. W. Afr.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Tālapralambaṁ (tālāṅkura)|| sprouts of Palmyra || Borassus flabellifer Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kharjura || Date || Phoenix sylvestris Roxb.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Talasasya (Talaphala) Sasya=mastaka majja|| Palmyra|| Borassus flabellifer Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Tarūṭa || Taruta|| Dioscorea belophylla Voight
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Bisa (kamalakāṇḍa)|| Lotus stem|| Nelumbonucifera Gaertn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Saluka (kamalakanda)|| Lotus bulbs || Nelumbonucifera Gaertn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Krauñcādana (utpalabīja-bheṁṭa)= dhiñculikā= dhiñculika|| Seed of Blue Star Water-lily|| Nymphaeastellata Willd.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kaśeruka (ciñcoḍakā)|| Club-rush|| Scirpusgrossus Linn.f.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Śṛṅgāṭaka || Indian water chest-nut || Trapa natans Linn.Var. bispinosa Roxb.Makino
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Aṅkoloḍya (makhānā)= hrasvotpalakandaḥ|| Fox nut|| Euryaleferox Salisb.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kumuda nāla-puṣpa-phala|| Night-flower lotus || Nymphaea stellata Willd.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Utpala nāla-puṣpa-phala|| Blue water lily|| Nymphaeastellata Willd.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Pauṣkarabīja (kamalagaṭṭā)|| Seeds of sacred lotus || Seeds of Nelumbonucifera Gaertn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Muñjātakaḥ (sālamapañcā)|| Salep || Orchislatifolia Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Vidarikanda || Bulb of Indian kudju|| Puerariatuberosa (Willd) DC
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Amlikakanda || Bulb of Betel yarn || Vitispentaphylla Thunb
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Sārṣapaśāka || Mustard leaves Mustard leaves || Brassicacampestris Linn. Var.Sarson Prain
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Piṇḍāluka|| Common yam || Dioscorea species
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Chatraka (except sarpaphaṇākāraṁ chatrakam|| Mushroom||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Phalavargaḥ
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Mṛdvīkā || Grape || Vitisvinifera Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kharjura || Date || Phoenixsylvestris Roxb.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Phalgu || Common fig || Ficuscarica Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Parūṣaka || Sweet Falsah || Grewiaasiatia Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Madhuka|| Mohwah|| Madhucaindica J.F. Gmel.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Āmrātaṁ || Indian hog-plum || Spondiaspinnata Linn.P
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Talasasyani || Palmyra|| Borassusflabellifer Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Narikelaphala|| Coconut || Cocusnucifera Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Bhavyaṁ || Showy Dillenia fruits || Dilleniaindica Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Amla parūṣaka || Sour kind of Falsah || Grewiaasiatia Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Amla drākṣā || Sour kind of Grape || Vitisvinifera Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Amla badara || Jujube (sour kind)|| Ziziphus maruitiana Lam.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Aruka|| Peach|| Prunuspersica Batasch.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Karkandhu || Wild ziziphus || Ziziphus nummularia Burm.F.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Nikuca (amlalakuca)|| || Artocarpuslakoocha Roxb.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Aruka (Pakva)|| || Prunuspersica Batasch.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Paravata || || Garciniacowa Roxb.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kasmaryaphalam (kasmari phala) || White teak ||Gmelinaarborea Roxb.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Amlatuda || Mulberry|| Morusalba Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Ṭaṅkaṁ || Pear fruit || Pyruscommunis Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kapitthaṁ|| Raw wood- apple || Feronialimonia (Linn.) Swingle
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Bilvaṁ|| Bael|| Eaglemormelos Corr.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Amra|| Mango|| Mangiferaindica Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Jambava|| Jambul|| Syzygiumcumimi Linn.Skeel
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Badaraṁ || Jujube || Ziziphus maruitiana Lam.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Siñcitika (badara jati)|| ||
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Gāṅgeruka || Gingo fruit || Grewiahirsuta Vahl.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Karira phala|| Caper || Capparisdeciduas Edgew.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Bimbi phala|| Scarlet-fruited gourd || Cocciniaindica W & A
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Todana phala|| Todan || Grewiaspecies
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Dhanvana phala|| Fruits of common Indian linden / Dhaman|| Grewiatiliaefolia Vahl.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Panasa-Pakva|| Indian jack fruit || Artocarpus integrifolia Linn. f.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Moca (kela)|| Banana || Musaparadisiaca Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Rajadana phala|| Fruits of Indian ape flower tree || Mimusopshexandra Roxb.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Lavaliphala || || Luvungascandens (Roxb.) Buch.-Ham.ex Wight.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Nīpaṁ || Cadamba || Mitragynaparviflora (Roxb.) Korth
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Śatāhvakaṁ ( sabhārgakaṁ) –she|| Dill|| Anethumsowa Roxb. ex Flem
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Pilu|| Tooth brush tree || Salvadorapersica Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Tṛṇaśūnyaṁ (kevaḍe kā phala)|| Screw pine || Pandanusodoratissimus Linn.f.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Vikaṅkatam|| Governor’s Plum Thorny stuff || Flacourtiaramonthii L. Herit
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Prācīnāmalakaṁ || Puneala plum|| Flacourtia jangomas (Lour.)Raeusch.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Aiṅgudaṁ (aiṅgudī phala) || Zachum oil plant || Balanitesaegyptica Linn. Delile
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Tindukaṁ|| Gaub Persimmon/ Riber Ebony|| Diospyrosembryopteris Pers.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Amalaka|| Emblic myrobalan || Emblica officinalis Gaertn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Bibhitakam|| Belliric myrobalan || Terminalia bellirica Roxb.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Dāḍimaṁ || Pomegranate || Punicagranatum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Vṛkṣāmlaṁ (mahādrakam)|| Kokum-butter || Garciniaindica Choisy
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Amlikā (tintiḍī/imalī) || Tamarind || Tamarindusindica Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Amlavetasa|| Amlavetasa || Hippophaerhamnoides sub sp. salicifolia
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Mātuluṅga || Kesara of citron|| Citrusmedica Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Karcūraḥ || Long Zedoary || Curcumazedoaria Rosc.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Nāgaraṅgaphala|| Common Orange || Citrusreticulata Blanco
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Vatama (badama) || Almond|| Prunusamygdalus Batsch. Variety sativa (sweet)
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Abhiṣuka (pistā) || Green Almond|| Pistaciavera Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Akṣoṭa (akharoṭa)|| Walnut || Juglansregia Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Mukulaka || Edible pine || Baliospermummontanum (Willd.) Muell-Arg
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Nikocaka (cilagoja) || Chilgoza pine|| Pinusgerardiana Wallich.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Urumāṇa (jardālu, khuvānī) || Apricot|| Prunusarmeniaca Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Priyala|| Buchanan’s mango || Buchananialanzan Spreng
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Ṣleṣmātaka phalaṁ || Sabestan plum|| Cordiadichotoma Forst.f.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Aṅkoṭaphala || Alangy || Alangiumsalviifolium Linn. F. Wang.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Samiphalam|| || Prosopisspicigera Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Karañja || Fruit of Indian Beech || Pongamiapinnata Pierre
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Amrataka || Indian Hog plum || Spondias pinnata (Linn.f) Kurz
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Dantaśaṭha(jamvīrīnivū) || Lemon || Citruslimon Linn. Burm.f.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Karamardaka || Bengal currant || Carissaspinarum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Airāvata (nāgaraṅgam)|| Common Orange|| Citrus sinensis (Linn.)osbeck
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Vārtāka || Brinjal || Solanummelongena Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Parpaṭakīphalam (pāpaḍā) || || Gardenialatifolia Ait
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Ākṣikīphala || Akshiki fruit || Morindatinctoria Roxb.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Aśvattha phala|| Fruits of the Holy fig || Ficusreligiosa Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Udumbara phala || Country Fig /Gular fig || Ficus glomerata Roxb.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Plakṣa phala|| Yellow Barked fig || Ficuslacor Buch- Ham
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Nyagrodha phala|| anyan || Ficusbenghalensis Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Bhallātaka|| Marking nut || Semecarpusanacardium Linn.f
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Haritavargaḥ
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Ārdraka /viśvabheṣaja || Green Ginger || Zingiberofficinale Rosc.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Jambīra || Jambira || Citruslimon (Linn.) Burm.F
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Mūlaka || Garden Radish || Raphanussativus Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Surasaḥ (tulasī)/pūtigandhahā || Holy basil || Ocimumsanctum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Yavānī || Bishop’s weed, carum seeds, or thymol seeds|| Trachyspermum ammi (Linn.) Sprague
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Arjaka || Shrubby Basil || Orthosiphonpallidus Royle
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Śigru || Drumstick || Moringaoleifera Lam
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Śāleya (Mūlakapotikā)|| Small variety of Radish|| Raphanus sativus Linn.(small variety)
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Mṛṣṭaka || Brown mustard || Brassica juncea (Linn.) Czern. & Coss
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Gaṇḍīra || || Coleus barbatus Benth.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Jalapippalī || Hog fruit || Lippianodiflora Rich.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Tumbaruḥ || Indian tooth ache || Zanthoxylumarmatum DC.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Śṛṅgaverikā (ārdrikā- harī dhanīyā)|| Green coriander || Coriandrumsativum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Bhūstṛṇa || Ginger grass || Hyptissauveolens poll
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kharāhvā (ajamodā) || Celery seeds || Carumroxburghianum D.C. Craib
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Dhānyaka (dhaniyā śuṣka) || Coriander || Coriandrumsativum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Ajagandhā (vana yavānī) || Wild thyme|| Thymus serpyllum Linn
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Sumukha (tulasī bheda) || || Occimumsp
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Gṛñjanaka (eka putī rasona) || Leek|| Allium ameloprasum Hook.f. non Linn
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Palāṇḍu|| Onion || Alliumcepa Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Laśunaḥ|| Garlic|| Alliumsativum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |colspan="3" style="text-align:left;" | Āhārayogivarga
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Tila|| Gingelly|| Sesamumindicum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Airaṇḍatailaṁ || Castor || Ricinuscommunis Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Sārṣapaṁ tailaṁ || Rape-seed || Brassicacampestris Linn. Var. Sarson Prain
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Priyālatailaṁ|| Buchanans mango || Buchananialanzan Spreng
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Ātasī || Linseed || Linumusitatissimum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kusumbhataila || Safflower|| Carthamustinctorius Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Viśvabheṣaja || Ginger || Zingiberofficinale Rosc.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Ārdrapippalī/śuṣkapippalī || Long pepper || Piperlongum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Maricaḥ || Black pepper || Pipernigrum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Hiṅgu|| Asafoetida || Ferulanarthex Boiss.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kāravī (kṛṣṇa jīraka) || Celery || Carumbulbocastanum W.Koch.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Kuñcikā|| Black cumin || Nigellasativa Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Ajājī (jīraka) || Cumin seed|| Cuminumcyminum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Yavānī|| Bishop’s weed || Trachyspermum ammi (Linn.) Sprague
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Dhānyaka || Coriander || Coriandrumsativum Linn.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | | Tumburu (nepālī dhaniyā)|| Indian tooth-ache|| Zanthoxylum armatum DC.
| |
| − | |-
| |
| − | |}
| |
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