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<big>'''[[Chikitsa Sthana]] Chapter 18. Management of Kasa (Cough of various origins) </big>'''  

<big>'''[[Chikitsa Sthana]] Chapter 18. Management of Kasa (Cough of various origins) </big>'''  

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<big>'''Abstract </big>'''

<big>'''Abstract </big>'''

<div style="text-align:justify;">

<p style="text-align:justify;">''Hikka, shwasa'' and ''kasa'' (hiccups, dyspnea and cough) are the three main diseases of ''pranavaha srotas'' (respiratory system). There are similarities in clinical presentation and management of these three. Therefore, these are described in sequence. ''Kasa'' is categorized in to five types based on its dominance of dosha and etiology. The vata dominant, pitta dominant and kapha dominant kasa are curable with proper medication. The other two types originating due to kshata (injury) and depletion of body constituents (kshaya) are palliable (yapya). Avoiding etiological factors (Nidana parivarjana), purification therapy ([[shodhana]]), pacification therapy ([[shamana]]), disease specific treatment (vyadhiahara [[rasayana]]) are principles of management for all types of ''kasa''. Administration of [[shodhana]] therapy is important. The reduction in persistent nature of illness with episodic exacerbation and the severity is possible if all modalities are followed in sequence.  

''Hikka, shwasa'' and ''kasa'' (hiccups, dyspnea and cough) are the three main diseases of ''pranavaha srotas'' (respiratory system). There are similarities in clinical presentation and management of these three. Therefore, these are described in sequence. ''Kasa'' is categorized in to five types based on its dominance of dosha and etiology. The vata dominant, pitta dominant and kapha dominant kasa are curable with proper medication. The other two types originating due to kshata (injury) and depletion of body constituents (kshaya) are palliable (yapya). Avoiding etiological factors (Nidana parivarjana), purification therapy ([[shodhana]]), pacification therapy ([[shamana]]), disease specific treatment (vyadhiahara [[rasayana]]) are principles of management for all types of ''kasa''. Administration of [[shodhana]] therapy is important. The reduction in persistent nature of illness with episodic exacerbation and the severity is possible if all modalities are followed in sequence.  

 

'''Keywords''': ''kasa'', cough, treatment of cough, respiratory diseases, kshataja, kshayaja, snehapana, [[vamana]], [[virechana]], vairechanika [[nasya]] (nasal catarrhal), [[dhumapana]] (medicated cigarettes).

'''Keywords''': ''kasa'', cough, treatment of cough, respiratory diseases, kshataja, kshayaja, snehapana, [[vamana]], [[virechana]], vairechanika [[nasya]] (nasal catarrhal), [[dhumapana]] (medicated cigarettes).

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== Introduction ==

== Introduction ==

Two palas of each among ''dashamoola, swayamgupta, shankahpushpi, shati, bala, hasti pippali, apamarga, pippalimoola, chitraka, bharangi, pushkaramoola'' should be added with one ''adhaka'' of water, these drugs should be cooked till the grains of ''yava'' becomes soft. And then decoction should be strained out. These hundred fruits of ''abhaya'' should be added with above mentioned decoction, one ''tula'' of ''guda'', one ''kudava'' of ''ghrita, taila'' and powder of ''pippali''. This is to be cooked and after attaining coldness one ''kudava'' of ''makshika'' is to be added.  

Two palas of each among ''dashamoola, swayamgupta, shankahpushpi, shati, bala, hasti pippali, apamarga, pippalimoola, chitraka, bharangi, pushkaramoola'' should be added with one ''adhaka'' of water, these drugs should be cooked till the grains of ''yava'' becomes soft. And then decoction should be strained out. These hundred fruits of ''abhaya'' should be added with above mentioned decoction, one ''tula'' of ''guda'', one ''kudava'' of ''ghrita, taila'' and powder of ''pippali''. This is to be cooked and after attaining coldness one ''kudava'' of ''makshika'' is to be added.  

Intake of two fruits of ''haritaki'' along with ''leha'' daily is considered as ''rasayana''. It removes ''vali, phalita''; increases ''varna, ayu'' and ''bala''. Beneficial in ''panchakasa, kshaya, shwaasa, hikka, vishamajwara, arshas, grahani, hridroga, aruchi, pinasa''. This excellent formulation is propounded by Agastya and is auspicious.

Intake of two fruits of ''haritaki'' along with ''leha'' daily is considered as [[rasayana]]. It removes ''vali, palita''; increases [[varna]], [[ayu]] and [[bala]]. Beneficial in ''panchakasa, kshaya, shwaasa, hikka, vishamajwara, arshas, grahani, hridroga, aruchi, pinasa''. This excellent formulation is propounded by Agastya and is auspicious.

Thus, ends the description of ''Agastya-haritaki''.[57-62]

Thus, ends the description of ''Agastya-haritaki''.[57-62]

== Tattva Vimarsha (Fundamental Principles) ==

== Tattva Vimarsha (Fundamental Principles) ==

*''Vata'' being obstructed in the lower region of the body, moves upwards, afflicts the channels of circulation in the upper part of the body, takes over the function of ''udana vayu'' and gets localized in the throat and chest, then enters and fills up all the cavities in the head.  

*[[Vata]] being obstructed in the lower region of the body, moves upwards, afflicts the channels of circulation in the upper part of the body, takes over the function of udana [[vayu]] and gets localized in the throat and chest, then enters and fills up all the cavities in the head.  

*''Udanavata'' plays key role in ''kasa''. It is located in sinuses, throat and upper respiratory tract. Its main function is to exude out secretions from head and upper respiratory tract, effortlessly.  

*Udana[[vata]] plays key role in ''kasa''. It is located in sinuses, throat and upper respiratory tract. Its main function is to exude out secretions from head and upper respiratory tract, effortlessly.  

*Due to one group of etiological factors, sinuses and bronchial tree gets filled with secretions. Another group of factors like over exertion, weaken the functions of ''udanavata'' by over consuming it.

*Due to one group of etiological factors, sinuses and bronchial tree gets filled with secretions. Another group of factors like over exertion, weaken the functions of udana[[vata]] by over consuming it.

*Since ''udanavata'' is not available, the physiological mechanism of ''kasa'' (cough reflex) starts to work causing forceful, frictionful expectoration with sound.

*Since udana[[vata]] is not available, the physiological mechanism of ''kasa'' (cough reflex) starts to work causing forceful, frictionful expectoration with sound.

*In order to prevent damage to delicate mucosa and avoid friction, treatment with good amount of ghee after meal is best.

*In order to prevent damage to delicate mucosa and avoid friction, treatment with good amount of ghee after meal is best.

*In contrast to ''hikka'' and ''shwasa, pitta'' is not involved ''kasa'' except ''paittic kasa''. </div>

*In contrast to ''hikka'' and shwasa, [[pitta]] is not involved ''kasa'' except ''paittic kasa''. </div>

 

== Vidhi Vimarsha (Applied Inferences) ==

== Vidhi Vimarsha (Applied Inferences) ==

*The soft silky touch of hands and foot

*The soft silky touch of hands and foot

*The person always finds fault with others and develops an immensely hateful disposition

*The person always finds fault with others and develops an immensely hateful disposition

*The person suffers from diseases like [[jwara]] (having signs and symptoms of all [[dosha]]s), nasal congestion, anorexia, painful flanks, and altered voice

*The person suffers from diseases like [[jwara]] (having signs and symptoms of all [[dosha]]), nasal congestion, anorexia, painful flanks, and altered voice

*Frequent hard or loose stools without apparent cause [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/25-28]

*Frequent hard or loose stools without apparent cause [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 18/25-28]

Cha. = Charak, Su. = Sushruta, A. = Ashtanga, Hr. = Hridayam, Sa. = Samhita, B.R = Bhaishajya ratnavali

Cha. = Charak, Su. = Sushruta, A. = Ashtanga, Hr. = Hridayam, Sa. = Samhita, B.R = Bhaishajya ratnavali

== References ==

== References ==