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| Similarly, auscultation of thorax could be employed to examine pulmonary sounds and cardiac sounds, auscultation of abdomen for peristalsis, bruits, etc. | | Similarly, auscultation of thorax could be employed to examine pulmonary sounds and cardiac sounds, auscultation of abdomen for peristalsis, bruits, etc. |
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− | ===== Darshan pratyaksha (visual inspection) ===== | + | ===== ''Darshan pratyaksha'' (visual inspection) ===== |
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| Visual inspection can be employed to draw some inference on the nature of various elements, such as edema, cyanosis, petechiae, skin lesions, abnormal movements, deformities, using the following cues: | | Visual inspection can be employed to draw some inference on the nature of various elements, such as edema, cyanosis, petechiae, skin lesions, abnormal movements, deformities, using the following cues: |
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− | # Varna (colour, complexion, or lustre), sansthana (shape), and pramana (measurements), | + | # ''Varna'' (colour, complexion, or lustre), ''sansthana'' (shape), and ''pramana'' (measurements), |
| # Normal and abnormal appearance of body and organs, | | # Normal and abnormal appearance of body and organs, |
| # Whatever else not mentioned here but could be visually observed. | | # Whatever else not mentioned here but could be visually observed. |
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| ===== Rasapariksha (gustation-by inference) ===== | | ===== Rasapariksha (gustation-by inference) ===== |
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