Changes

Surgical measures described in the treatment of klaibya (impotency):

Surgical measures described in the treatment of ''klaibya'' (impotency):

Medhrachheda: Partial and /or complete penectomy  

''Medhrachheda'': Partial and /or complete penectomy  

Vrishana patana: Orchiectomy [181-191]

 

Times of administration of medicines:

''Vrishana patana'': Orchiectomy [181-191]

Last part of this chapter discuss the importance of pathya (wholesome diet) in treatment and dosage timings of administrations can be termed as slots and Sharangdhar samhita elaborates this time of administration in five different slots.   

 

Drugs can be administered at five designated time slots during the day as under.                        

===== Times of administration of medicines =====

  1. Kinchit suryodaya jate (just after sunrise)  

 

  2. Divasa bhojana (around lunch)

Last part of this chapter discuss the importance of ''pathya'' (wholesome diet) in treatment and dosage timings of administrations can be termed as slots and ''Sharangdhara Samhita'' elaborates this time of administration in five different slots.   

  3. Sayam bhojana  (around evening meal i.e. dinner)

 

  4. Muhurmuhu (repeated)  

Drugs can be administered at five designated time slots during the day as below:                        

    5. Nishi (at night)     [297]

#''Kinchit suryodaya jate'' (just after sunrise)  

The second time of administration elaborated by Sharangdhar samhita is divided into five parts that is before meals, in between meals, after meals, medicines mixed with food and before and after meals.

#''Divasa bhojana'' (around lunch)

1. Bhojanagre (prior to start of lunch) e.g. mixture of lavana (rock salt) and ardraka (fresh ginger)  

#''Sayam bhojana'' (around evening meal i.e. dinner)

2. Bhojanamishra (drug mixed in food) e.g. Mixture of hingu (asafetida) and ghrita (ghee).         

#''Muhurmuhu'' (repeated)  

3. Bhojanamadhya (in the midst of lunch) e.g. water or any liquids  

#''Nishi'' (at night) [297]

4. Bhojanante (at the end of lunch) e.g. lavanga (clove) and fruits of haritaki (Chebulic myrobalans)

 

5. Bhojanapurvante (before and after lunch) e.g. dhatriloha: a formulation made of dhatri (Emblica officinalis) and loha (iron) bhasma prescribed in amlapitta (acid peptic disease).  [299]

The second time of administration elaborated by ''Sharangdhar Samhita'' is divided into five parts that is before meals, in between meals, after meals, medicines mixed with food and before and after meals.

The time of drug administration which is related to the type of disease and status of the doshas in the body can be called as chrono therapeutics. Chronotherapeutics refers to a treatment method in which in vivo drug availability is timed to match rhythms of disease in order to optimize therapeutic outcomes and minimize side effects. It is based on the observation that there is an interdependent relationship between the peak-to-trough rhythmic activity in disease symptoms and risk factors, pharmacologic sensitivity, and pharmacokinetics of many drugs  

#''Bhojanagre'' (prior to start of lunch) e.g. mixture of ''lavana'' (rock salt) and ''ardraka'' (fresh ginger)  

#''Bhojanamishra'' (drug mixed in food) e.g. Mixture of ''hingu'' (asafetida) and ''ghrita'' (ghee).         

#''Bhojanamadhya'' (in the midst of lunch) e.g. water or any liquids  

#''Bhojanante'' (at the end of lunch) e.g. ''lavanga'' (clove) and fruits of ''haritaki'' (Chebulic myrobalans)

#''Bhojanapurvante'' (before and after lunch) e.g. ''dhatriloha'': a formulation made of ''dhatri'' (Emblica officinalis) and ''loha'' (iron) ''bhasma'' prescribed in ''amlapitta'' (acid peptic disease).  [299]

 

The time of drug administration which is related to the type of disease and status of the ''doshas'' in the body can be called as chrono therapeutics. Chronotherapeutics refers to a treatment method in which in vivo drug availability is timed to match rhythms of disease in order to optimize therapeutic outcomes and minimize side effects. It is based on the observation that there is an interdependent relationship between the peak-to-trough rhythmic activity in disease symptoms and risk factors, pharmacologic sensitivity, and pharmacokinetics of many drugs  

The circadian timing system is composed of molecular clocks, which drive 24-h changes in xenobiotic metabolism and detoxification, cell cycle events, DNA repair, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. The cellular circadian clocks are coordinated by endogenous physiological rhythms, so that they tick in synchrony in the host tissues that can be damaged by anticancer agents. As a result, circadian timing can modify 2- to 10-fold the tolerability of anticancer medications in experimental models and in cancer patients. Improved efficacy is also seen when drugs are given near their respective times of best tolerability, due to  

The circadian timing system is composed of molecular clocks, which drive 24-h changes in xenobiotic metabolism and detoxification, cell cycle events, DNA repair, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. The cellular circadian clocks are coordinated by endogenous physiological rhythms, so that they tick in synchrony in the host tissues that can be damaged by anticancer agents. As a result, circadian timing can modify 2- to 10-fold the tolerability of anticancer medications in experimental models and in cancer patients. Improved efficacy is also seen when drugs are given near their respective times of best tolerability, due to