Difference between revisions of "Vajikarana"

From Charak Samhita
Jump to navigation Jump to search
(18 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
{{Infobox
+
{{#seo:
−
|title = Vajikarana Chikitsa
+
|title=Vajikarana
−
|label1 = Section/Chapter
+
|titlemode=append
−
|data1 = [[Chikitsa Sthana]] Chapter 2
+
|keywords= improving sex power, stamina, sexual strength, vigor and vitality, carakasamhitaonline, charak samhita, caraka samhita, ayurveda, Vajikarana, aphrodisiac therapy, Vajikarana meaning, Vajikarana therapy,  Indian systems of medicine, natural medicine, therapy
−
|label2 = Preceding Chapter
+
|description=Vajikarana is a therapy that increases the virility
−
|data2 = [[Rasayana]]
+
|image=http://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/resources/assets/ogimgs.jpg
−
 
+
|image_alt=carak samhita
−
|label3= Succeeding Chapter
+
|type=article
−
|data3 = [[Jwara Chikitsa]]
 
−
|label5 = Other Sections
 
−
|data5 = [[Sutra Sthana]], [[Nidana Sthana]], [[Vimana Sthana]], [[Sharira Sthana]], [[Indriya Sthana]], [[Kalpa Sthana]], [[Siddhi Sthana]]
 
−
 
 
−
|header3 =
 
−
 
 
 
}}
 
}}
−
== [[Chikitsa Sthana]] Chapter 2, Chapter on virility and treatment of sexual dysfunctions ==
 
  
−
=== Abstract ===
+
The term ‘Vajikarana’ (also spelled as vajeekarana) is a combination of two Sanskrit words: vaji and karana. ‘Vaji’ means ‘horse’ [Vachaspatya] and ‘karana’ means ‘to do/make/effect/cause’.<ref>Monier-Williams, Monier-Williams Sanskrit- English Dictionary, 1st edition; Oxford University Press, vaji, Page 254.</ref> The term ‘vajikara’ means strengthening, stimulating or producing virility.<ref>Monier-Williams, Monier-Williams Sanskrit- English Dictionary, 1st edition; Oxford University Press, vajikara, Page 938.</ref>  The therapy to increase virility like a horse is called vajikarana. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/51] Since ancient times, a horse is considered a symbol of sexuality and strength. Therefore, the name of therapy symbolizes making a person virile and potent like a horse. It is one of the eight specialties of Ayurveda. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 30/28] This therapy is aimed to promote overall health with a specific focus on sexual and reproductive health. It is preventive therapy [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/1/3-5] as well as curative therapy for various sexual disorders. In current practices, aphrodisiac therapy, sexual vigor enhancing tonics, and treatment are considered as forms of vajikarana therapy. Ayurveda advises purification procedures before administration of vajikarana therapy. It is intended to improve the quality of reproductive elements like [[shukra dhatu]] and healthy progeny.
  
−
<div style="text-align:justify;">''Vajikarana'' is a branch of Ayurveda which is intended to increase virility, improve quality of germinal cells as well treatment of various sexual dysfunctions. In this chapter code of conduct related to sex, dietary regime, qualities of normal sperm, factors affecting virility, qualities of sexual partner, role of mind in infertility, aphrodisiac and therapeutic formulations etc. are described. Simple and easy to prepare formulations are described in the chapter. Though these are described for males but we can apply same principles and formulations to female also for more preponderant effect. ''Vajikarana'' is generally misinterpreted as sexology. This myth is broken in this chapter by mentioning other effects of wider applicability and can be used for improving progeny and creating better world. The chapter is restricted to principles, regime and formulations. Aetiological factors, pathology of sexual dysfunctions and other aspects are mentioned in other chapters of this text.
+
{{Infobox
  
−
'''Keywords''': ''Vajikarana, Shukra, Vrishya'', libido, sexual dysfunctions, infertility, healthy progeny.
+
|title =  Contributors
  
−
=== Introduction ===
+
|label1 = Section/Chapter
−
 
+
|data1 = [[Chikitsa]] / [[Vajikarana]]  
−
Sexual relationships are among the most important social and biological relationships in human life. India played a significant role in the history of sex, right from writing of the first literature that treated sexual intercourse as a science. Since ancient times, India pioneered the use of sexual education through art and literature. This subject was not considered taboo in Ayurveda and it was included as separate branch ''vajikarana'' in which various aspects related to sexuality are scientifically dealt. If we see the literal meaning of ''vajikarana'', we find that this word is made up of two words – ''Vaji'' and ''Karana''. ''Vaji'' refers to horse and karana refers to power. So, ''vajikarana'' can be said to be a modality by which one can perform sexual activity for long time and frequently like a horse. But the effect of this branch is much more and helps to achieve good physique, potency, strength and complexion; it revitalizes the reproductive power; helps in getting healthy and good progeny; resolves various sexual dysfunctions like erectile dysfunction, infertility, premature ejaculations etc. Hence it can be said that subject is concerned with aphrodisiacs, virility and improving health of progeny.
 
−
 
 
−
Literature related to ''vajikarana'' is present in all the three great treatises which show that this subject was considered paramount for betterment of humans. In [[Charaka Samhita]] it is placed before describing treatment of various diseases and in ''Sushruta Samhita'', it is described after discussion of disease treatment. In ''Ashtanga'' it is mentioned in ''Uttara Sthana'' and is last chapter of this text. The order of placement depends upon basic theme of a text. Charaka has given prime importance to promotion and preservation of health, whereas Sushruta and Vagbhata emphasized upon the treatment of diseases. This shows with time, Ayurvedic concept of promotion and prevention of health became less important in comparison to disease management.
 
−
 
 
−
[[Vajikarana]] is divided in four sections - ''Samyoga Sharamooliya'', ''Asikti Kshirika, Mashaparnabhritiya'' and ''Pumana Jata Baladika''. If we analyze the name of these sub-sections we will find that out of four, name of three sections (''Samyoga Sharamooliya, Asikti Kshirika, Mashaparnabhritiya'') are based on the first formulation described. Last section is named to give emphasis on their effect. The name of four sub-sections or ''pada'', itself suggests that in [[Vajikarana]] chapter, accentuation is given more to formulations. On analyzing these formulations one interesting fact which comes out is that out of 50 formulations mentioned very few can be considered as therapeutic preparations. Only four ''gutika'' or ''vati'' (tablets) are mentioned whereas seven ''mamsarasa'' (meat soup), ten types of milk preparations, four types of eggs, six types of ''pupalika, audana, payasa, rasala'' (different rice and milk preparations), etc. are given. Most of them are common dietary preparations included in normal diet and can be easily prepared. While stating difference in ''rasayana'' and ''vajikarana'', it is stated that ''vajikarana'' should be administered regularly to an individual.
 
−
Ayurveda considers ''brahmacharya'' as one of the three ''upastambha'' or pillars of life. It refers to a certain code of conduct related to sexual life. It is said that sexual activity should be neither practiced as complete celibacy nor excessive indulgence should be done as both will have detrimental effect on body as well as mind. It is recommended that the person below 17 years of age and more than 70 years of age should not consume ''vajikarana'' preparations. These preparations have to be consumed by ''Jitendriya Purusha'' or man who has control on his senses and desires. If ''vajikarana'' preparations are consumed by a man who has lost control over his senses and desire, he may prove harmful to society. Excessive coitus leads to ''shosha'' or loss of ''dhatus'' and suppression of sexual desire leads to impotency. Rules regarding coitus frequency, time, pattern changes due to seasonal variation, pre and post coitus preparations etc. are described at different places in ''Samhita''. Before administration of ''vajikarana'' therapy purification should be done so that vitiated ''doshas'' and toxins are removed from the body and blocked channels are opened. This leads to increased bio-availability of ''vajikarana'' drugs for beneficial results. ''Vajikarana'' treatment benefits include increased sexual performance, improving health of future progeny as well as treatment of many sexual disorders like infertility, erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation.
 
−
 
 
−
Ayurveda has given immense importance to women in relation to sexual activity. Woman has been referred as ''kshetra'' or medium in which seed (or sperm) is implanted and fetal growth and development takes place. To get healthy progeny, woman should have certain qualities like she must be from different clan, physically and mentally salubrious and she should be pure (she should have taken post menstrual bath etc.). Such claims are still valid as it is seen that marriages in blood relatives or in same clan have more preponderance of genetic disorders. Chance of having healthy progeny is influenced by the mental state of partners. In ancient times, society was male dominant and females were not given equivalent status & rights like their male counterparts. At many places, social beliefs and rituals prevalent at that time has affected Ayurvedic literature. In ''vajikarana'' also most of the descriptions are related to males only. Rules, formulations, code of conduct etc. mentioned apply to females also and so ''vajikarana'' principles and formulations should not be restricted to males only and should be administered to females also.
 
−
 
 
−
It can be stated that ''vajikarana'' is the special branch of Ayurveda which improves the reproductive system and enhances sexual function. It deals with aphrodisiacs, virility and improving health of progeny. The principles described can provide solution to increasing sexual dysfunctions and declining fecundity. Scientific research is needed in the field of ''vajikarana'' therapies.
 
−
</div>
 
−
 
 
−
===Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation===
 
−
 
 
−
==== I- ''Samyogasharamuliya Vajikaranapada'' ====
 
−
 
 
−
अथातः संयोगशरमूलीयं वाजीकरणपादं व्याख्यास्यामः||१||
 
  
−
इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||  
+
|label2 = Authors
 +
|data2 = Aneesh E.G., Deole Y.S.
  
−
athātaḥ saṁyōgaśaramūlīyaṁ vājīkaraṇapādaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1||  
+
|label3 = Reviewed by
 +
|data3 = Basisht G.
  
−
iti ha smāha bhagavānātrēyaḥ||2||  
+
|label4 = Affiliations
 +
|data4 = [[Charak Samhita Research, Training and Development Centre]], I..T.R.A., Jamnagar
  
−
athAtaH saMyogasharamUlIyaM vAjIkaraNapAdaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH||1||  
+
|label5 = Correspondence email:
 +
|data5 = carakasamhita@gmail.com
  
−
iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||  
+
|label6 = Date of publication
 +
|data6 = May 20, 2021
 +
|label7 = DOI
 +
|data7 =  Awaited
 +
}}
  
−
We shall now expound the first quarter section entitled ''Samyoga Sharamooliya'' on the virilification. Thus, said Lord Atreya. [1-2]
+
==Importance==
−
 
 
−
===== Importance of ''vajikarana'' and woman as the best for virilification =====
 
−
 
 
−
वाजीकरणमन्विच्छेत् पुरुषो नित्यमात्मवान्|
 
−
 
 
−
तदायत्तौ हि धर्मार्थौ प्रीतिश्च यश एव च||३||
 
−
 
 
−
पुत्रस्यायतनं ह्येतद्गुणाश्चैते सुताश्रयाः|
 
−
 
 
−
वाजीकरणमग्र्यं च क्षेत्रं स्त्री या प्रहर्षिणी||४||
 
−
 
 
−
इष्टा ह्योकैकशोऽप्यर्था परं प्रीतिकरा स्मृताः|
 
−
 
 
−
किं पुनः स्त्रीशरीरे ये सङ्घातेन प्रतिष्ठिताः||५||
 
−
 
 
−
(सङ्घातो हीन्द्रियार्थानां स्त्रीषु नान्यत्र विद्यते)|
 
−
 
 
−
स्त्र्याश्रयो हीन्द्रियार्थो यः स प्रीतिजननोऽधिकम्|
 
−
 
 
−
स्त्रीषु प्रीतिर्विशेषेण स्त्रीष्वपत्यं प्रतिष्ठितम्||६||
 
−
 
 
−
धर्मार्थौ स्त्रीषु लक्ष्मीश्च स्त्रीषु लोकाः प्रतिष्ठिताः|
 
−
 
 
−
सुरूपा यौवनस्था या लक्षणैर्या विभूषिता||७||
 
−
 
 
−
या वश्या शिक्षिता या च सा स्त्री वृष्यतमा मता|
 
−
 
 
−
vājīkaraṇamanvicchēt puruṣō nityamātmavān|
 
−
 
 
−
tadāyattau hi dharmārthau prītiśca yaśa ēva ca||3||
 
−
 
 
−
putrasyāyatanaṁ hyētadguṇāścaitē sutāśrayāḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
vājīkaraṇamagryaṁ ca kṣētraṁ strī yā praharṣiṇī||4||
 
−
 
 
−
iṣṭā hyōkaikaśō'pyarthā paraṁ prītikarā smr̥tāḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
kiṁ punaḥ strīśarīrē yē saṅghātēna pratiṣṭhitāḥ||5||
 
−
 
 
−
(saṅghātō hīndriyārthānāṁ strīṣu nānyatra vidyatē)|
 
−
 
 
−
stryāśrayō hīndriyārthō yaḥ sa prītijananō'dhikam|
 
−
 
 
−
strīṣu prītirviśēṣēṇa strīṣvapatyaṁ pratiṣṭhitam||6||
 
−
 
 
−
dharmārthau strīṣu lakṣmīśca strīṣu lōkāḥ pratiṣṭhitāḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
surūpā yauvanasthā yā lakṣaṇairyā vibhūṣitā||7||
 
−
 
 
−
yā vaśyā śikṣitā yā ca sā strī vr̥ṣyatamā matā|8|
 
−
 
 
−
vAjIkaraNamanvicchet puruSho nityamAtmavAn|
 
−
 
 
−
tadAyattau hi dharmArthau prItishca yasha eva ca||3||
 
−
 
 
−
putrasyAyatanaM hyetadguNAshcaite sutAshrayAH|
 
−
 
 
−
vAjIkaraNamagryaM ca kShetraM strI yA praharShiNI||4||
 
−
 
 
−
iShTA hyokaikasho~apyarthA paraM prItikarA smRutAH|
 
−
 
 
−
kiM punaH strIsharIre ye sa~gghAtena pratiShThitAH||5||
 
−
 
 
−
(sa~gghAto hIndriyArthAnAM strIShu nAnyatra vidyate)|
 
−
 
 
−
stryAshrayo hIndriyArtho yaH sa prItijanano~adhikam|
 
−
 
 
−
strIShu prItirvisheSheNa strIShvapatyaM pratiShThitam||6||
 
−
 
 
−
dharmArthau strIShu lakShmIshca strIShu lokAH pratiShThitAH|
 
−
 
 
−
surUpA yauvanasthA yA lakShaNairyA vibhUShitA||7||
 
−
 
 
−
yA vashyA shikShitA yA ca sA strI vRuShyatamA matA|8|
 
−
 
 
−
A person should always seek the intake of aphrodisiacs because he can earn ''dharma'' (eternal duties), ''artha'' (wealth, means of pleasure), ''preeti'' (desire or love or affection) and ''yasha'' (success) through this therapy alone. He gets these benefits through his progeny and this therapy is the means of begetting a healthy progeny.
 
−
 
 
−
The best agent for virilification is a sexually excited female partner. Every sense can give immense pleasure, when involved separately (in act of sexual satisfaction); then what can be said (about the pleasure), if a woman whose all senses are extremely excited (for sexual satisfaction).  In a woman only, all the sense objects are collected together (to give pleasure). Therefore, this type of woman can give maximum pleasure to a man. The woman is the most lovable object for a man. It is the woman, who procreates children. Righteousness, wealth, auspiciousness and the entire universe are established in a woman. The woman, who is good looking, young, endowed with auspicious signs, amiable and skilled, acts as the best virilific. [3-7]
 
−
 
 
−
===== Characteristics of good woman best for virilification =====
 
−
 
 
−
नानाभक्त्या तु लोकस्य दैवयोगाच्च योषिताम्||८||
 
−
 
 
−
तं तं प्राप्य विवर्धन्ते नरं रूपादयो गुणाः|
 
−
 
 
−
वयोरूपवचोहावैर्या यस्य परमाङ्गना||९||
 
−
 
 
−
प्रविशत्याशु हृदयं दैवाद्वा कर्मणोऽपि वा|
 
−
 
 
−
हृदयोत्सवरूपा या या समानमनःशया||१०||
 
−
 
 
−
समानसत्त्वा या वश्या या यस्य प्रीयते प्रियैः|
 
−
 
 
−
या पाशभूता सर्वेषामिन्द्रियाणां परैर्गुणैः||११||
 
−
 
 
−
यया वियुक्तो निस्त्रीकमरतिर्मन्यते जगत्|
 
−
 
 
−
यस्या ऋते शरीरं ना धत्ते शून्यमिवेन्द्रियैः||१२||
 
−
 
 
−
शोकोद्वेगारतिभयैर्यां दृष्ट्वा नाभिभूयते|
 
−
 
 
−
याति यां प्राप्य विस्रम्भं दृष्ट्वा हृष्यत्यतीव याम्||१३||
 
−
 
 
−
अपूर्वामिव यां याति नित्यं हर्षातिवेगतः|
 
−
 
 
−
गत्वा गत्वाऽपि बहुशो यां तृप्तिं नैव गच्छति||१४||
 
−
 
 
−
सा स्त्री वृष्यतमा तस्य नानाभावा हि मानवाः|
 
−
 
 
−
अतुल्यगोत्रां वृष्यां च प्रहृष्टां निरुपद्रवाम्||१५||
 
−
 
 
−
शुद्धस्नातां व्रजेन्नारीमपत्यार्थी निरामयः|
 
−
 
 
−
nānābhaktyā tu lōkasya daivayōgācca yōṣitām||8||
 
−
 
 
−
taṁ taṁ prāpya vivardhantē naraṁ rūpādayō guṇāḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
vayōrūpavacōhāvairyā yasya paramāṅganā||9||
 
−
 
 
−
praviśatyāśu hr̥dayaṁ daivādvā karmaṇō'pi vā|
 
−
 
 
−
hr̥dayōtsavarūpā yā yā samānamanaḥśayā||10||
 
−
 
 
−
samānasattvā yā vaśyā yā yasya prīyatē priyaiḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
yā pāśabhūtā sarvēṣāmindriyāṇāṁ parairguṇaiḥ||11||
 
−
 
 
−
yayā viyuktō nistrīkamaratirmanyatē jagat|
 
−
 
 
−
yasyā r̥tē śarīraṁ nā dhattē śūnyamivēndriyaiḥ||12||
 
−
 
 
−
śōkōdvēgāratibhayairyāṁ dr̥ṣṭvā nābhibhūyatē|
 
−
 
 
−
yāti yāṁ prāpya visrambhaṁ dr̥ṣṭvā hr̥ṣyatyatīva yām||13||
 
−
 
 
−
apūrvāmiva yāṁ yāti nityaṁ harṣātivēgataḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
gatvā gatvā'pi bahuśō yāṁ tr̥ptiṁ naiva gacchati||14||
 
−
 
 
−
sā strī vr̥ṣyatamā tasya nānābhāvā hi mānavāḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
atulyagōtrāṁ vr̥ṣyāṁ ca prahr̥ṣṭāṁ nirupadravām||15||
 
−
 
 
−
śuddhasnātāṁ vrajēnnārīmapatyārthī nirāmayaḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
nAnAbhaktyA tu lokasya daivayogAcca yoShitAm||8||
 
−
 
 
−
taM taM prApya vivardhante naraM rUpAdayo guNAH|
 
−
 
 
−
vayorUpavacohAvairyA yasya paramA~gganA||9||
 
−
 
 
−
pravishatyAshu hRudayaM daivAdvA karmaNo~api vA|
 
−
 
 
−
hRudayotsavarUpA yA yA samAnamanaHshayA||10||
 
−
 
 
−
samAnasattvA yA vashyA yA yasya prIyate priyaiH|
 
−
 
 
−
yA pAshabhUtA sarveShAmindriyANAM parairguNaiH||11||
 
−
 
 
−
yayA viyukto nistrIkamaratirmanyate jagat|
 
−
 
 
−
yasyA Rute sharIraM nA dhatte shUnyamivendriyaiH||12||
 
−
 
 
−
shokodvegAratibhayairyAM dRuShTvA nAbhibhUyate|
 
−
 
 
−
yAti yAM prApya visrambhaM dRuShTvA hRuShyatyatIva yAm||13||
 
−
 
 
−
apUrvAmiva yAM yAti nityaM harShAtivegataH|
 
−
 
 
−
gatvA gatvA~api bahusho yAM tRuptiM naiva gacchati||14||
 
−
 
 
−
sA strI vRuShyatamA tasya nAnAbhAvA hi mAnavAH|
 
−
 
 
−
atulyagotrAM vRuShyAM ca prahRuShTAM nirupadravAm||15||
 
−
 
 
−
shuddhasnAtAM vrajennArImapatyArthI nirAmayaH|
 
−
 
 
−
Every individual in this world has different likings based on the effects of the actions in the past life e.g a person gets a woman of his liking, then his complexion and other qualities grow. The woman endears herself into the heart of a person by the youthfulness, body, speech and gesture as a result of either ''daiva'' or ''karma'' (destiny, or the effects of the actions in the past life). The one, who delights the heart, who is like the god of sex, who bears similarities in mental faculties with those of her husband, who is amiable and loved by her lover and who enthralls all his senses by her excellent qualities, works like a noose of all the objects of senses. A person who is deprived of her i.e. who doesn’t have a wife, does not find any interest in this world.  Without her, the person feels his body a burden and as if devoid of its senses, at the sight of whom, he does not get seriously afflicted even when he faces grief, anxiety, detachment and frightful situations. Because of her presence, the person becomes assured and excited and always rushes to her with excitement as if he remains unsatisfied. Such a woman is the best virilific to him. The aphrodisiac qualities of a woman differ from man to man.
 
−
 
 
−
The person, who is healthy and desirous of a child, should enter in to sexual intercourse with a woman who belongs to a different clan, who is free from diseases, who is sexually excited, cheerful and who has taken her post menstrual purifacatory bath. [8-15]
 
−
 
 
−
===== Disregard of childless person and benefits of ''vajikarana'' =====
 
−
 
 
−
अच्छायश्चैकशाखश्च निष्फलश्च यथा द्रुमः||१६||
 
−
 
 
−
अनिष्टगन्धश्चैकश्च निरपत्यस्तथा नरः|
 
−
 
 
−
चित्रदीपः सरः शुष्कमधातुर्धातुसन्निभः||१७||
 
−
 
 
−
निष्प्रजस्तृणपूलीति मन्तव्यः पुरुषाकृतिः|
 
−
 
 
−
अप्रतिष्ठश्च नग्नश्च शून्यश्चैकेन्द्रियश्च ना||१८||
 
−
 
 
−
मन्तव्यो निष्क्रियश्चैव यस्यापत्यं न विद्यते|
 
−
 
 
−
बहुमूर्तिर्बहुमुखो बहुव्यूहो बहुक्रियः||१९||
 
−
 
 
−
बहुचक्षुर्बहुज्ञानो बह्वात्मा च बहुप्रजः|
 
−
 
 
−
मङ्गल्येऽयं प्रशस्योऽयं धन्योऽयं वीर्यवानयम्||२०||
 
−
 
 
−
बहुशाखोऽयमिति च स्तूयते ना बहुप्रजः|
 
−
 
 
−
प्रीतिर्बलं सुखं वृत्तिर्विस्तारो विपुलं  कुलम्||२१||
 
−
 
 
−
यशो लोकाः सुखोदर्कास्तुष्टिश्चापत्यसंश्रिताः|
 
−
 
 
−
तस्मादपत्यमन्विच्छन् गुणांश्चापत्यसंश्रितान्||२२||
 
−
 
 
−
वाजीकरणनित्यः स्यादिच्छन् कामसुखानि च|
 
−
 
 
−
उपभोगसुखान् सिद्धान् वीर्यापत्यविवर्धनान्||२३||
 
−
 
 
−
वाजीकरणसंयोगान् प्रवक्ष्याम्यत उत्तरम्|
 
−
 
 
−
acchāyaścaikaśākhaśca niṣphalaśca yathā drumaḥ||16||
 
−
 
 
−
aniṣṭagandhaścaikaśca nirapatyastathā naraḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
citradīpaḥ saraḥ śuṣkamadhāturdhātusannibhaḥ||17||
 
−
 
 
−
niṣprajastr̥ṇapūlīti mantavyaḥ puruṣākr̥tiḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
apratiṣṭhaśca nagnaśca śūnyaścaikēndriyaśca nā||18||
 
−
 
 
−
mantavyō niṣkriyaścaiva yasyāpatyaṁ na vidyatē|
 
−
 
 
−
bahumūrtirbahumukhō bahuvyūhō bahukriyaḥ||19||
 
−
 
 
−
bahucakṣurbahujñānō bahvātmā ca bahuprajaḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
maṅgalyē'yaṁ praśasyō'yaṁ dhanyō'yaṁ vīryavānayam||20||
 
−
 
 
−
bahuśākhō'yamiti ca stūyatē nā bahuprajaḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
prītirbalaṁ sukhaṁ vr̥ttirvistārō vipulaṁ  kulam||21||
 
−
 
 
−
yaśō lōkāḥ sukhōdarkāstuṣṭiścāpatyasaṁśritāḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
tasmādapatyamanvicchan guṇāṁścāpatyasaṁśritān||22||
 
−
 
 
−
vājīkaraṇanityaḥ syādicchan kāmasukhāni ca|
 
−
 
 
−
upabhōgasukhān siddhān vīryāpatyavivardhanān||23||
 
−
 
 
−
vājīkaraṇasaṁyōgān pravakṣyāmyata uttaram|
 
−
 
 
−
acchAyashcaikashAkhashca niShphalashca yathA drumaH||16||
 
−
 
 
−
aniShTagandhashcaikashca nirapatyastathA naraH|
 
−
 
 
−
citradIpaH saraH shuShkamadhAturdhAtusannibhaH||17||
 
−
 
 
−
niShprajastRuNapUlIti mantavyaH puruShAkRutiH|
 
−
 
 
−
apratiShThashca nagnashca shUnyashcaikendriyashca nA||18||
 
−
 
 
−
mantavyo niShkriyashcaiva yasyApatyaM na vidyate|
 
−
 
 
−
bahumUrtirbahumukho bahuvyUho bahukriyaH||19||
 
−
 
 
−
bahucakShurbahuj~jAno bahvAtmA ca bahuprajaH|
 
−
 
 
−
ma~ggalye~ayaM prashasyo~ayaM dhanyo~ayaM vIryavAnayam||20||
 
−
 
 
−
bahushAkho~ayamiti ca stUyate nA bahuprajaH|
 
−
 
 
−
prItirbalaM sukhaM vRuttirvistAro vipulaM  kulam||21||
 
−
 
 
−
yasho lokAH sukhodarkAstuShTishcApatyasaMshritAH|
 
−
 
 
−
tasmAdapatyamanvicchan guNAMshcApatyasaMshritAn||22||
 
−
 
 
−
vAjIkaraNanityaH syAdicchan kAmasukhAni ca|
 
−
 
 
−
upabhogasukhAn siddhAn vIryApatyavivardhanAn||23||
 
−
 
 
−
vAjIkaraNasaMyogAn pravakShyAmyata uttaram|
 
−
 
 
−
A person without a child is just like a solitary tree with branches devoid of fruits and shadows and is devoid of any pleasant smell. The man without progeny is like an idol made of grass wearing the grab of a man. He is regarded as a painted lamp, a dried up lake or a pseudo metal which has the appearance of a precious metal. He is regarded not to be well established, bare, like a void and possesses only one sense organ and as having lived a purposeless life.
 
−
 
 
−
While, the person having numerous progeny is praised as one possessing a multiplicity of forms, having many faces, many dimensions, having lot of activities and having many eyes and also having intellect and soul. Such kind of a person is auspicious, praiseworthy, blessed, virile and the source of many genealogical branches. Affection, strength, happiness, livelihood, wide spread influence, vastness of kinsmen, fame, utility of the world which gives happiness latter on and pleasure are all dependent up on progeny. Therefore, a person desirous of progeny and the qualities associated with them should always take the virilifying medications if he wants satisfaction of the worldly desires and happiness. [16-23]
 
−
 
 
−
===== Various preparations for improving virility =====
 
−
====== ''Brimhani Gutika'' ======
 
−
 
 
−
शरमूलेक्षुमूलानि काण्डेक्षुः सेक्षुवालिका||२४||
 
−
 
 
−
शतावरी पयस्या च विदारी कण्टकारिका|
 
−
 
 
−
जीवन्ती जीवको मेदा वीरा चर्षभको बला||२५||
 
−
 
 
−
ऋद्धिर्गोक्षुरकं रास्ना सात्मगुप्ता पुनर्नवा|
 
−
 
 
−
एषां त्रिपलिकान् भागान्  माषाणामाढकं नवम्||२६||
 
−
 
 
−
विपाचयेज्जलद्रोणे चतुर्भागं च शेषयेत्|
 
−
 
 
−
तत्र पेष्याणि मधुकं द्राक्षा फल्गूनि पिप्पली||२७||
 
−
 
 
−
आत्मगुप्ता मधुकानि खर्जूराणि शतावरी|
 
−
 
 
−
विदार्यामलकेक्षूणां रसस्य च पृथक् पृथक्||२८||
 
−
 
 
−
सर्पिषश्चाढकं दद्यात् क्षीरद्रोणं च तद्भिषक्|
 
−
 
 
−
साधयेद्घृतशेषं च सुपूतं योजयेत् पुनः||२९||
 
−
 
 
−
शर्करायास्तुगाक्षीर्याश्चूर्णैः प्रस्थोन्मितैः पृथक्|
 
−
 
 
−
पलैश्चतुर्भिर्मागध्याः पलेन मरिचस्य च||३०||
 
−
 
 
−
त्वगेलाकेशराणां च चूर्णैरर्धपलोन्मितैः|
 
−
 
 
−
मधुनः कुडवाभ्यां च द्वाभ्यां तत्कारयेद्भिषक्||३१||
 
−
 
 
−
पलिका गुलिकास्त्यानास्ता  यथाग्नि प्रयोजयेत्|
 
−
 
 
−
एष वृष्यः परं योगो बृंहणो बलवर्धनः||३२||
 
−
 
 
−
अनेनाश्व इवोदीर्णो बली लिङ्गं समर्पयेत्|३३|
 
−
 
 
−
(इति बृंहणीगुटिका)
 
−
 
 
−
śaramūlēkṣumūlāni kāṇḍēkṣuḥ sēkṣuvālikā||24||
 
−
 
 
−
śatāvarī payasyā ca vidārī kaṇṭakārikā|
 
−
 
 
−
jīvantī jīvakō mēdā vīrā carṣabhakō balā||25||
 
−
 
 
−
r̥ddhirgōkṣurakaṁ rāsnā sātmaguptā punarnavā|
 
−
 
 
−
ēṣāṁ tripalikān bhāgān [3] māṣāṇāmāḍhakaṁ navam||26||
 
−
 
 
−
vipācayējjaladrōṇē caturbhāgaṁ ca śēṣayēt|
 
−
 
 
−
tatra pēṣyāṇi madhukaṁ drākṣā phalgūni pippalī||27||
 
−
 
 
−
ātmaguptā madhukāni kharjūrāṇi śatāvarī|
 
−
 
 
−
vidāryāmalakēkṣūṇāṁ rasasya ca pr̥thak pr̥thak||28||
 
−
 
 
−
sarpiṣaścāḍhakaṁ dadyāt kṣīradrōṇaṁ ca tadbhiṣak|
 
−
 
 
−
sādhayēdghr̥taśēṣaṁ ca supūtaṁ yōjayēt punaḥ||29||
 
−
 
 
−
śarkarāyāstugākṣīryāścūrṇaiḥ prasthōnmitaiḥ pr̥thak|
 
−
 
 
−
palaiścaturbhirmāgadhyāḥ palēna maricasya ca||30||
 
−
 
 
−
tvagēlākēśarāṇāṁ ca cūrṇairardhapalōnmitaiḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
madhunaḥ kuḍavābhyāṁ ca dvābhyāṁ tatkārayēdbhiṣak||31||
 
−
 
 
−
palikā gulikāstyānāstā [4] yathāgni prayōjayēt|
 
−
 
 
−
ēṣa vr̥ṣyaḥ paraṁ yōgō br̥ṁhaṇō balavardhanaḥ||32||
 
−
 
 
−
anēnāśva ivōdīrṇō balī liṅgaṁ samarpayēt|33|
 
−
 
 
−
(iti br̥ṁhaṇīguṭikā)
 
−
 
 
−
sharamUlekShumUlAni kANDekShuH sekShuvAlikA||24||
 
−
 
 
−
shatAvarI payasyA ca vidArI kaNTakArikA|
 
−
 
 
−
jIvantI jIvako medA vIrA carShabhako balA||25||
 
−
 
 
−
RuddhirgokShurakaM rAsnA sAtmaguptA punarnavA|
 
−
 
 
−
eShAM tripalikAn bhAgAn [3] mAShANAmADhakaM navam||26||
 
−
 
 
−
vipAcayejjaladroNe caturbhAgaM ca sheShayet|
 
−
 
 
−
tatra peShyANi madhukaM drAkShA phalgUni pippalI||27||
 
−
 
 
−
AtmaguptA madhukAni kharjUrANi shatAvarI|
 
−
 
 
−
vidAryAmalakekShUNAM rasasya ca pRuthak pRuthak||28||
 
−
 
 
−
sarpiShashcADhakaM dadyAt kShIradroNaM ca tadbhiShak|
 
−
 
 
−
sAdhayedghRutasheShaM ca supUtaM yojayet punaH||29||
 
−
 
 
−
sharkarAyAstugAkShIryAshcUrNaiH prasthonmitaiH pRuthak|
 
−
 
 
−
palaishcaturbhirmAgadhyAH palena maricasya ca||30||
 
−
 
 
−
tvagelAkesharANAM ca cUrNairardhapalonmitaiH|
 
−
 
 
−
madhunaH kuDavAbhyAM ca dvAbhyAM tatkArayedbhiShak||31||
 
−
 
 
−
palikA gulikAstyAnAstA [4] yathAgni prayojayet|
 
−
 
 
−
eSha vRuShyaH paraM yogo bRuMhaNo balavardhanaH||32||
 
−
 
 
−
anenAshva ivodIrNo balI li~ggaM samarpayet|33|
 
−
 
 
−
(iti bRuMhaNIguTikA) 
 
−
 
 
−
Three ''palas'' (1 ''pala''=approx.40 gram) of each of the roots of ''shara'' and sugarcane, giant sugarcane, ''ikshubaalika'', ''shatavari'', ''payasya, vidari, kantakari, jeevanti, jeevaka, meda, beera, rishbhaka, bala, ridhi, gokshura, raasna, atmagupta,'' and ''punarnava'' should be mixed with one ''adhaka'' of freshly collected ''masha'' and boiled in one ''drona'' of water till one fourth remains. After that, the paste of ''madhuka, draksha, falgu, pippali, atmagupta, madhuka, kharhura, shatavari, vidari, amalaki'' and the juice of sugarcane should be separately added and one ''adhaka'' of ghee and one ''drona'' of milk should be mixed to it. After boiling this should be filtered and one ''prastha'' of each of sugar and the powder of ''tugakshiri'', four ''palas'' of ''pippali'', one ''pala'' of ''maricha'', half ''pala'' each of the powder of ''twak, ela'' and saffron and two ''kudava'' of honey should be added. Now, semi-solid pills of size of one ''pala'' each in quantity should be prepared. This preparation is highly virilific, nourishing and promoter of strength. On administration of these pills, the person gets stallion like vigor in sexual intercourse. (Formulation: ''Brimhani Ghutika'') [24-32]
 
−
 
 
−
====== ''Vajikarana Ghritam'' ======
 
−
 
 
−
माषाणामात्मगुप्ताया बीजानामाढकं नवम्||३३||
 
−
 
 
−
जीवकर्षभकौ वीरां मेदामृद्धिं शतावरीम्|
 
−
 
 
−
मधुकं चाश्वगन्धां च साध्येत् कुडवोन्मिताम्||३४||
 
−
 
 
−
रसे तस्मिन् घृतप्रस्थं गव्यं दशगुणं पयः|
 
−
 
 
−
विदारीणां रसप्रस्थं प्रस्थमिक्षुरसस्य च||३५||
 
−
 
 
−
दत्त्वा मृद्वग्निना साध्यं सिद्धं सर्पिर्निधापयेत्|
 
−
 
 
−
शर्करायास्तुगाक्षीर्याः क्षौद्रस्य च पृथक् पृथक्||३६||
 
−
 
 
−
भागांश्चतुष्पलांस्तत्र पिप्पल्याश्चावपेत् पलम्|
 
 
   
 
   
−
पलं पूर्वमतो लीढ्वा ततोऽन्नमुपयोजयेत्||३७||
+
===In the preservation of health and prevention===
−
 
 
−
य इच्छेदक्षयं शुक्रं शेफसश्चोत्तमं बलम्|३८|
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वाजीकरणं घृतम्)
 
−
 
 
−
māṣāṇāmātmaguptāyā bījānāmāḍhakaṁ navam||33||
 
−
 
 
−
jīvakarṣabhakau vīrāṁ mēdāmr̥ddhiṁ śatāvarīm|
 
−
 
 
−
madhukaṁ cāśvagandhāṁ ca sādhyēt kuḍavōnmitām||34||
 
−
 
 
−
rasē tasmin ghr̥taprasthaṁ gavyaṁ daśaguṇaṁ payaḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
vidārīṇāṁ rasaprasthaṁ prasthamikṣurasasya ca||35||
 
−
 
 
−
dattvā mr̥dvagninā sādhyaṁ siddhaṁ sarpirnidhāpayēt|
 
−
 
 
−
śarkarāyāstugākṣīryāḥ kṣaudrasya ca pr̥thak pr̥thak||36||
 
−
 
 
−
bhāgāṁścatuṣpalāṁstatra pippalyāścāvapēt palam|
 
−
 
 
−
palaṁ pūrvamatō līḍhvā tatō'nnamupayōjayēt||37||
 
−
 
 
−
ya icchēdakṣayaṁ śukraṁ śēphasaścōttamaṁ balam|38|
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vājīkaraṇaṁ ghr̥tam)
 
−
 
 
−
mAShANAmAtmaguptAyA bIjAnAmADhakaM navam||33||
 
−
 
 
−
jIvakarShabhakau vIrAM medAmRuddhiM shatAvarIm|
 
−
 
 
−
madhukaM cAshvagandhAM ca sAdhyet kuDavonmitAm||34||
 
−
 
 
−
rase tasmin ghRutaprasthaM gavyaM dashaguNaM payaH|
 
−
 
 
−
vidArINAM rasaprasthaM prasthamikShurasasya ca||35||
 
−
 
 
−
dattvA mRudvagninA sAdhyaM siddhaM sarpirnidhApayet|
 
−
 
 
−
sharkarAyAstugAkShIryAH kShaudrasya ca pRuthak pRuthak||36||
 
−
 
 
−
bhAgAMshcatuShpalAMstatra pippalyAshcAvapet palam|
 
−
 
 
−
palaM pUrvamato lIDhvA tato~annamupayojayet||37||
 
−
 
 
−
ya icchedakShayaM shukraM shephasashcottamaM balam|38|
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vAjIkaraNaM ghRutam)
 
−
 
 
−
Decoction of one ''adhaka'' each of freshly collected ''masha'', seeds of ''atmagupta, jeevaka, rishbhaka, veera, meda, riddhi, shatavari, madhuka'' and ''ashwagandha'' should be prepared and one ''prastha'' of cow’s ghee, ten ''prastha'' of milk, one ''prastha'' of each of juice of ''vidari'' and sugarcane should be added. After that four ''palas'' of each of sugar ''tugakshiri'', and honey and one ''pala'' of ''pippali'' should be added to it. By taking one ''pala'' of this medicated ghee, the man should take food, if he wishes to have an inexhaustible store of semen and great phallic strength. (Formulation: ''Vajikarana Ghrita'') [33-38]
 
  
−
====== ''Vajikarana Pinda Rasa'' ======
+
Vajikarana therapy is an important measure to preserve and promote health in healthy individuals. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/1/13]  This therapy is advised to restore tissue equilibrium and prevent recurrence after the treatment of diseases. [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 7/48-49] 
  
−
शर्करा माषविदलास्तुगाक्षीरी पयो घृतम्||३८||
+
===In the management of disease===
  
−
गोधूमचूर्णषष्ठानि सर्पिष्युत्कारिकां पचेत्|
+
Vajikarana therapy is usually applied in the treatment of diseases due to the vitiation of the reproductive system ([[shukra dhatu]]). Diseases of male reproductive system like impotency [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/193], premature ejaculation, erectile dysfunction are treated with this therapy.[Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 30/146] Vajikarana leads to the nourishment of the body. [A.S.Sutra Sthana 24/19]<ref name= Sangraha> Vridha Vagbhata, Ashtanga Sangraha. Edited by Shivaprasad Sharma. 3rd ed. Varanasi: Chaukhamba sanskrit series office;2012.</ref> Therefore, this therapy is used in the management of degenerative diseases and rehabilitation therapies in disorders caused by depletion of body tissues. The therapy is also used to improve mood and mental strength in psychiatric diseases.
  
−
तां नातिपक्वां मृदितां कौक्कुटे मधुरे रसे||३९||
+
==Benefits==
−
 
 
−
सुगन्धे प्रक्षिपेदुष्णे यथा सान्द्रीभवेद्रसः|
 
−
 
 
−
एष पिण्डरसो वृष्यः पौष्टिको बलवर्धनः||४०||
 
−
 
 
−
अनेनाश्व इवोदीर्णो बली  लिङ्गं समर्पयेत्|
 
 
   
 
   
−
शिखितित्तिरिहंसानामेवं पिण्डरसो मतः|
+
Vajikarana therapy leads to quick sexual stimulation and increases sexual vigor for a longer duration. In long-term therapy, it improves the quality and quantity of reproductive elements. It is effective in improving overall sexual health, fertility, and healthy progeny. Sexual vigor can be maintained even at old age.  [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 1/1/9-12]
−
 
 
−
बलवर्णस्वरकरः पुमांस्तेन वृषायते||४१||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वाजीकरणपिण्डरसाः [२] )
 
−
 
 
−
śarkarā māṣavidalāstugākṣīrī payō ghr̥tam||38||
 
−
 
 
−
gōdhūmacūrṇaṣaṣṭhāni sarpiṣyutkārikāṁ pacēt|
 
−
 
 
−
tāṁ nātipakvāṁ mr̥ditāṁ kaukkuṭē madhurē rasē||39||
 
−
 
 
−
sugandhē prakṣipēduṣṇē yathā sāndrībhavēdrasaḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
ēṣa piṇḍarasō vr̥ṣyaḥ pauṣṭikō balavardhanaḥ||40||
 
−
 
 
−
anēnāśva ivōdīrṇō balī [1] liṅgaṁ samarpayēt|
 
−
 
 
−
śikhitittirihaṁsānāmēvaṁ piṇḍarasō mataḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
balavarṇasvarakaraḥ pumāṁstēna vr̥ṣāyatē||41||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vājīkaraṇapiṇḍarasāḥ [2] )
 
−
 
 
−
sharkarA mAShavidalAstugAkShIrI payo ghRutam||38||
 
−
 
 
−
godhUmacUrNaShaShThAni sarpiShyutkArikAM pacet|
 
−
 
 
−
tAM nAtipakvAM mRuditAM kaukkuTe madhure rase||39||
 
−
 
 
−
sugandhe prakShipeduShNe yathA sAndrIbhavedrasaH|
 
−
 
 
−
eSha piNDaraso vRuShyaH pauShTiko balavardhanaH||40||
 
−
 
 
−
anenAshva ivodIrNo balI [1] li~ggaM samarpayet|
 
−
 
 
−
shikhitittirihaMsAnAmevaM piNDaraso mataH|
 
−
 
 
−
balavarNasvarakaraH pumAMstena vRuShAyate||41||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vAjIkaraNapiNDarasAH [2] )
 
−
 
 
−
By adding the six drugs, namely- sugar, dehusked grains of ''masha, tugakshiri,'' milk, ghee and wheat flour, an ''utkarika'' should be prepared in ghee. This, without being over cooked, should be removed and squeezed and to this, sweet, fragrant and hot meat soup of the cock should be added so that it becomes thickened. This preparation is called ''pinda rasa''. This is virilific, tonic and strengthening and by the use of this ''pinda rasa'', a person gets extremely excited, as a result of which, he acquires the stallion like vigor in sexual intercourse.
 
−
 
 
−
The ''pinda rasa'' (thickened juice) of the peacock, partridge, or swan in the similar manner , promote strength, complexion, voice and by taking a course of these recipes, a man acquires the increased virility.
 
−
 
 
−
(Formulation: ''Vajikarana Pinda Rasa'') [38-41]
 
−
 
 
−
====== Various other formulations ======
 
−
 
 
−
घृतं माषान् सबस्ताण्डान् साधयेन्माहिषे रसे|
 
−
 
 
−
भर्जयेत्तं रसं पूतं फलाम्लं नवसर्पिषि||४२||
 
−
 
 
−
ईषत्सलवणं युक्तं धान्यजीरकनागरैः|
 
−
 
 
−
एष वृष्यश्च बल्यश्च बृंहणश्च रसोत्तमः||४३||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वृष्यमाहिषरसः)
 
−
 
 
−
चटकांस्तित्तिरिरसे तित्तिरीन् कौक्कुटे रसे|
 
−
 
 
−
कुक्कुटान् बार्हिणरसे हांसे बार्हिणमेव च||४४||
 
−
 
 
−
नवसर्पिषि सन्तप्तान् फलाम्लान् कारयेद्रसान्|
 
−
 
 
−
मधुरान् वा यथासात्म्यं गन्धाढ्यान् बलवर्धनान्||४५||
 
−
 
 
−
(इत्यन्ये वृष्यरसाः)
 
−
 
 
−
तृप्तिं चटकमांसानां गत्वा योऽनुपिबेत् पयः|
 
−
 
 
−
न तस्य लिङ्गशैथिल्यं स्यान्न शुक्रक्षयो निशि||४६||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वृष्यमांसम्)
 
−
 
 
−
माषयूषेण यो भुक्त्वा घृताढ्यं षष्टिकौदनम्|
 
−
 
 
−
पयः पिबति रात्रिं स कृत्स्नां जागर्ति वेगवान्||४७||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वृष्यमाषयोगः)
 
−
 
 
−
न ना स्वपिति रात्रिषु नित्यस्तब्धेन शेफसा|
 
−
 
 
−
तृप्तः कुक्कुटमांसाना भृष्टानां नक्ररेतसि||४८||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वृष्यः कुक्कुटमांसप्रयोगः)
 
−
 
 
−
निःस्राव्य मत्स्याण्डरसं भृष्टं सर्पिषि भक्षयेत्|
 
−
 
 
−
हंसबर्हिणदक्षाणामेवमण्डानि भक्षयेत्||४९||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वृष्योऽण्डरसः)
 
−
 
 
−
ghr̥taṁ māṣān sabastāṇḍān sādhayēnmāhiṣē rasē|
 
−
 
 
−
bharjayēttaṁ rasaṁ pūtaṁ phalāmlaṁ navasarpiṣi||42||
 
−
 
 
−
īṣatsalavaṇaṁ yuktaṁ dhānyajīrakanāgaraiḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
ēṣa vr̥ṣyaśca balyaśca br̥ṁhaṇaśca rasōttamaḥ||43||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyamāhiṣarasaḥ)
 
−
 
 
−
caṭakāṁstittirirasē tittirīn kaukkuṭē rasē|
 
−
 
 
−
kukkuṭān bārhiṇarasē hāṁsē bārhiṇamēva ca||44||
 
−
 
 
−
navasarpiṣi santaptān phalāmlān kārayēdrasān|
 
−
 
 
−
madhurān vā yathāsātmyaṁ gandhāḍhyān balavardhanān||45||
 
−
 
 
−
(ityanyē vr̥ṣyarasāḥ)
 
−
 
 
−
tr̥ptiṁ caṭakamāṁsānāṁ gatvā yō'nupibēt payaḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
na tasya liṅgaśaithilyaṁ syānna śukrakṣayō niśi||46||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyamāṁsam)
 
−
 
 
−
māṣayūṣēṇa yō bhuktvā ghr̥tāḍhyaṁ ṣaṣṭikaudanam|
 
−
 
 
−
payaḥ pibati rātriṁ sa kr̥tsnāṁ jāgarti vēgavān||47||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyamāṣayōgaḥ)
 
−
 
 
−
na nā svapiti rātriṣu nityastabdhēna [1] śēphasā|
 
−
 
 
−
tr̥ptaḥ kukkuṭamāṁsānā bhr̥ṣṭānāṁ nakrarētasi||48||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyaḥ  kukkuṭamāṁsaprayōgaḥ)
 
−
 
 
−
niḥsrāvya matsyāṇḍarasaṁ bhr̥ṣṭaṁ sarpiṣi bhakṣayēt|
 
−
 
 
−
haṁsabarhiṇadakṣāṇāmēvamaṇḍāni bhakṣayēt||49||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyō'ṇḍarasaḥ)
 
−
 
 
−
ghRutaM mAShAn sabastANDAn sAdhayenmAhiShe rase|
 
  
−
bharjayettaM rasaM pUtaM phalAmlaM navasarpiShi||42||
+
This article deals with the concept and practices of vajikarana therapy in Ayurveda and contemporary views.
  
−
IShatsalavaNaM yuktaM dhAnyajIrakanAgaraiH|
+
==Principles of vajikarana therapy==
−
 
 
−
eSha vRuShyashca balyashca bRuMhaNashca rasottamaH||43||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyamAhiSharasaH)
 
−
 
 
−
caTakAMstittirirase tittirIn kaukkuTe rase|
 
−
 
 
−
kukkuTAn bArhiNarase hAMse bArhiNameva ca||44||
 
−
 
 
−
navasarpiShi santaptAn phalAmlAn kArayedrasAn|
 
−
 
 
−
madhurAn vA yathAsAtmyaM gandhADhyAn balavardhanAn||45||
 
−
 
 
−
(ityanye vRuShyarasAH)
 
−
 
 
−
tRuptiM caTakamAMsAnAM gatvA yo~anupibet payaH|
 
−
 
 
−
na tasya li~ggashaithilyaM syAnna shukrakShayo nishi||46||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyamAMsam)
 
−
 
 
−
mAShayUSheNa yo bhuktvA ghRutADhyaM ShaShTikaudanam|
 
−
 
 
−
payaH pibati rAtriM sa kRutsnAM jAgarti vegavAn||47||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyamAShayogaH)
 
−
 
 
−
na nA svapiti rAtriShu nityastabdhena [1] shephasA|
 
−
 
 
−
tRuptaH kukkuTamAMsAnA bhRuShTAnAM nakraretasi||48||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyaH kukkuTamAMsaprayogaH)
 
−
 
 
−
niHsrAvya matsyANDarasaM bhRuShTaM sarpiShi bhakShayet|
 
−
 
 
−
haMsabarhiNadakShANAmevamaNDAni bhakShayet||49||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyo~aNDarasaH)
 
−
 
 
−
Ghee, ''masha'' and the testicles of goat should be cooked with the soup of the meat of buffalo. Then it should be fried in freshly collected ghee, after adding sour fruits. It should be then mixed with small quantity of salt, coriander, cumin seeds and dried ginger. This is an excellent recipe for the promotion of virility, strength and nourishment. (Formulation: ''Vrishya Mahisha Rasa'')
 
−
 
 
−
Sparrow cooked in the meat juice of partridge or partridge cooked in the meat juice of chicken, or chicken cooked in the meat juice of peacock, or the peacock cooked in the meat juice of the swan in fresh ghee, and added with juice of sour or sweet fruits according to one’s habituation and mixed with fragrant ingredients. These recipes promote strength. (Formulation: ''Vrishya Rasa'')
 
−
 
 
−
The person, who takes the meat of sparrow to his satisfaction and followed by milk, does not experience phallic depression and there will be no ejaculation of semen even if he indulges in sexual intercourse for the whole night. (Formulation: ''Vrishya Mamsa'')
 
−
 
 
−
If a person takes the ''shashtika'' type of rice along with soup of ''masha'' mixed with liberal quantity of ghee and followed by milk, remains awake with an undiminished sex urge through the entire night. (Formulation: ''Vrishya Mamsa Yoga'')
 
−
 
 
−
If a man takes the meat of chicken, fried with the semen of the crocodile to his satisfaction then he cannot sleep during the nights because of strong erection of his genital organs. (Formulation : ''Vrishya Kukkuta Mamsa Yoga'')
 
−
 
 
−
One should take the juice squeezed out of the eggs of fish, fried with ghee. Similarly, the eggs of swan, peacock and chicken should be taken. (Formulation : ''Vrishya Anda Rasa'')[42-49]
 
−
 
 
−
भवतश्चात्र-
 
−
 
 
−
स्रोतःसु शुद्धेष्वमले शरीरे वृष्यं यदा ना  मितमत्ति काले|
 
−
 
 
−
वृषायते तेन परं मनुष्यस्तद्बृंहणं चैव बलप्रदं च||५०||
 
−
 
 
−
तस्मात् पुरा शोधनमेव कार्यं बलानुरूपं न हि वृष्ययोगाः|
 
−
 
 
−
सिध्यन्ति देहे मलिने प्रयुक्ताः क्लिष्टे  यथा वाससि रागयोगाः||५१||
 
−
 
 
−
bhavataścātra-
 
 
   
 
   
−
srōtaḥsu śuddhēṣvamalē śarīrē vr̥ṣyaṁ yadā nā  mitamatti kālē|
+
The vajikarana therapy is based on the following principles:
  
−
vr̥ṣāyatē tēna paraṁ manuṣyastadbr̥ṁhaṇaṁ caiva balapradaṁ ca||50||
+
#Nourishment (apyayana): Vajikarana therapy nourishes the [[shukra dhatu]] to improve its quality and quantity.
−
+
#Clearing and soothing effect (prasadana): Vajikarana pacifies [[dosha]] affecting [[shukra dhatu]] and improves its quality.
−
tasmāt purā śōdhanamēva kāryaṁ balānurūpaṁ na hi vr̥ṣyayōgāḥ|
+
#Increasing (upachaya): It increases the production of [[shukra dhatu]] in a middle-aged person.
 +
#Genesis (shukrajanana): It promotes genesis of [[shukra dhatu]] even if the quantity is deficient, as seen in old age.[Dalhana on Su.Sa.Sutra Sthana 1/8]<ref name=Susruta/>
  
−
sidhyanti dēhē malinē prayuktāḥ kliṣṭē  yathā vāsasi rāgayōgāḥ||51||
+
==Indications==
−
 
 
−
bhavatashcAtra-
 
−
 
 
−
srotaHsu shuddheShvamale sharIre vRuShyaM yadA nA  mitamatti kAle|
 
−
 
 
−
vRuShAyate tena paraM manuShyastadbRuMhaNaM caiva balapradaM ca||50||
 
−
 
 
−
tasmAt purA shodhanameva kAryaM balAnurUpaM na hi vRuShyayogAH|
 
−
 
 
−
sidhyanti dehe maline prayuktAH kliShTe  yathA vAsasi rAgayogAH||51||
 
 
   
 
   
−
Here are the two verses-
+
In healthy, Vajikarana is indicated in person desiring for healthy progeny and to promote sexual health.
−
 
 
−
A person, who takes these virilifying preparations in due dose and at a proper time, when his body channels have been cleaned, attains the virility, nourishment and strength. Depending up on the strength of the person, purification should be done before he starts these aphrodisiac recipes, as a dirty cloth does not get properly colored, similarly in an uncleaned body, the aphrodisiac recipes do not produce the desired effects. [50-51]
 
−
 
 
−
===== Summary =====
 
−
 
 
−
तत्र श्लोकौ-
 
−
 
 
−
वाजीकरणसामर्थ्यं क्षेत्रं स्त्री यस्य चैव या|
 
−
 
 
−
ये दोषा निरपत्यानां गुणाः पुत्रवतां च ये||५२||
 
−
 
 
−
दश पञ्च च संयोगा वीर्यापत्यविवर्धनाः|
 
−
 
 
−
उक्तास्ते शरमूलीये पादे पुष्टिबलप्रदाः||५३||
 
−
 
 
−
tatra ślōkau-
 
−
 
 
−
vājīkaraṇasāmarthyaṁ kṣētraṁ strī yasya caiva yā|
 
−
 
 
−
yē dōṣā nirapatyānāṁ guṇāḥ putravatāṁ ca yē||52||
 
−
 
 
−
daśa pañca ca saṁyōgā vīryāpatyavivardhanāḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
uktāstē śaramūlīyē pādē puṣṭibalapradāḥ||53||
 
−
 
 
−
tatra shlokau-
 
−
 
 
−
vAjIkaraNasAmarthyaM kShetraM strI yasya caiva yA|
 
−
 
 
−
ye doShA nirapatyAnAM guNAH putravatAM ca ye||52||
 
−
 
 
−
dasha pa~jca ca saMyogA vIryApatyavivardhanAH|
 
−
 
 
−
uktAste sharamUlIye pAde puShTibalapradAH||53||
 
−
 
 
−
Here are the two recapitulatory verses-
 
−
 
 
−
In this quarter entitled, ''Samyoga Sharamooliya'', the importance of aphrodisiac therapy, qualities of the woman who is a proper sexual partner for a man, the disadvantages of men without progeny and the advantages of those with progeny, and the fifteen preparations for increasing the semen, progeny and providing nourishment and strength have been described. [52-53]
 
−
 
 
−
==== II-''Asikta Ksheerika Vajikarana'' ====
 
−
 
 
−
अथात आसिक्तक्षीरिकं वाजीकरणपादं व्याख्यास्यामः||१||
 
−
 
 
−
इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||
 
−
 
 
−
athāta āsiktakṣīrikaṁ vājīkaraṇapādaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1||
 
−
 
 
−
iti ha smāha bhagavānātrēyaḥ||2||
 
−
 
 
−
athAta AsiktakShIrikaM vAjIkaraNapAdaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH||1||
 
−
 
 
−
iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||
 
−
 
 
−
We shall now expound the second quarter entitled ''Asiktakshirika'' on the virilification. Thus, said Lord Atreya. [1-2]
 
−
 
 
−
===== Various formulations =====
 
−
 
 
−
====== ''Apatyakari Shashtikadi Gutika'' ======
 
−
 
 
−
आसिक्तक्षीरमापूर्णमशुष्कं शुद्धषष्टिकम्|
 
−
 
 
−
उदूखले  समापोथ्य पीडयेत् क्षीरमर्दितम्||३||
 
−
 
 
−
गृहीत्वा तं रसं पूतं गव्येन पयसा सह|
 
−
 
 
−
बीजानामात्मगुप्ताया धान्यमाषरसेन च||४||
 
−
 
 
−
बलायाः शूर्पपर्ण्योश्च जीवन्त्या जीवकस्य च [२] |
 
−
 
 
−
ऋद्ध्यर्षभककाकोलीश्वदंष्ट्रामधुकस्य च||५||
 
−
 
 
−
शतावर्या विदार्याश्च द्राक्षाखर्जूरयोरपि|
 
−
 
 
−
संयुक्तं मात्रया वैद्यः साधयेत्तत्र चावपेत्||६||
 
−
 
 
−
तुगाक्षीर्याः समाषाणां शालीनां षष्टिकस्य च|
 
−
 
 
−
गोधूमानां च चूर्णानि यैः स सान्द्रीभवेद्रसः||७||
 
−
 
 
−
सान्द्रीभूतं च कुर्यात् प्रभूतमधुशर्करम्|
 
−
 
 
−
गुलि(टि)का बदरैस्तुल्यास्ताश्च सर्पिषि भर्जयेत्||८||
 
−
 
 
−
ता यथाग्नि प्रयुञ्जानः क्षीरमांसरसाशनः|
 
−
 
 
−
पश्यत्यपत्यं विपुलं वृद्धोऽप्यात्मजमक्षयम्||९||
 
−
 
 
−
(इत्यपत्यकरी षष्टिकादिगुटिका)
 
−
 
 
−
āsiktakṣīramāpūrṇamaśuṣkaṁ śuddhaṣaṣṭikam|
 
−
 
 
−
udūkhalē samāpōthya pīḍayēt kṣīramarditam||3||
 
−
 
 
−
gr̥hītvā taṁ rasaṁ pūtaṁ gavyēna payasā saha|
 
−
 
 
−
bījānāmātmaguptāyā dhānyamāṣarasēna ca||4||
 
−
 
 
−
balāyāḥ śūrpaparṇyōśca jīvantyā jīvakasya ca [2] |
 
−
 
 
−
r̥ddhyarṣabhakakākōlīśvadaṁṣṭrāmadhukasya ca||5||
 
−
 
 
−
śatāvaryā vidāryāśca drākṣākharjūrayōrapi|
 
−
 
 
−
saṁyuktaṁ mātrayā vaidyaḥ sādhayēttatra cāvapēt||6||
 
−
 
 
−
tugākṣīryāḥ samāṣāṇāṁ śālīnāṁ ṣaṣṭikasya ca|
 
−
 
 
−
gōdhūmānāṁ ca cūrṇāni yaiḥ sa sāndrībhavēdrasaḥ||7||
 
−
 
 
−
sāndrībhūtaṁ ca kuryāt prabhūtamadhuśarkaram|
 
−
 
 
−
guli(ṭi)kā badaraistulyāstāśca sarpiṣi bharjayēt||8||
 
−
 
 
−
tā yathāgni prayuñjānaḥ kṣīramāṁsarasāśanaḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
paśyatyapatyaṁ vipulaṁ vr̥ddhō'pyātmajamakṣayam||9||
 
−
 
 
−
(ityapatyakarī ṣaṣṭikādiguṭikā)
 
−
 
 
−
AsiktakShIramApUrNamashuShkaM shuddhaShaShTikam|
 
−
 
 
−
udUkhale samApothya pIDayet kShIramarditam||3||
 
−
 
 
−
gRuhItvA taM rasaM pUtaM gavyena payasA saha|
 
−
 
 
−
bIjAnAmAtmaguptAyA dhAnyamASharasena ca||4||
 
−
 
 
−
balAyAH shUrpaparNyoshca jIvantyA jIvakasya ca [2] |
 
−
 
 
−
RuddhyarShabhakakAkolIshvadaMShTrAmadhukasya ca||5||
 
−
 
 
−
shatAvaryA vidAryAshca drAkShAkharjUrayorapi|
 
−
 
 
−
saMyuktaM mAtrayA vaidyaH sAdhayettatra cAvapet||6||
 
−
 
 
−
tugAkShIryAH samAShANAM shAlInAM ShaShTikasya ca|
 
−
 
 
−
godhUmAnAM ca cUrNAni yaiH sa sAndrIbhavedrasaH||7||
 
−
 
 
−
sAndrIbhUtaM ca kuryAt prabhUtamadhusharkaram|
 
−
 
 
−
guli(Ti)kA badaraistulyAstAshca sarpiShi bharjayet||8||
 
−
 
 
−
tA yathAgni prayu~jjAnaH kShIramAMsarasAshanaH|
 
−
 
 
−
pashyatyapatyaM vipulaM vRuddho~apyAtmajamakShayam||9||
 
−
 
 
−
(ityapatyakarI ShaShTikAdiguTikA)
 
−
 
 
−
Cleaned ''shashtika'' rice soaked in and completely saturated with milk, and when these are still wet, these should be crushed in pestle and mortar, after that by squeezing take that juice and mix it with cow’s milk, and the juice of the seeds of cowage, juice of coriander and black gram, and boil it. While boiling, the decoctions of ''shurpa parni, jeevanti, jeevaka, vriddhi, rishbhaka, kakoli, shwadamstra, madhuka, shatavri, vidari, draksha'' and ''kharjura'' should be added. At the end of boiling, add the powders of ''tugakshiri, masha, shali, shashtika'' and ''godhuma'' in such a way that the juice gets thickened. In that thickened juice, add honey and sugar in adequate quantity and pills should be prepared of the size of a ''badara'' and fried in ghee. Depending upon the digestive power of the individual, these pills should be administered with a diet of milk and meat juice. By taking this potion, even an old man becomes capable of procreating many children, and he enjoys undiminished secretion of semen.[3-9]
 
−
 
 
−
====== ''Vrishya Pupalikadi'' formulation ======
 
−
 
 
−
चटकानां सहंसानां दक्षाणां शिखिनां तथा|
 
−
 
 
−
शिशुमारस्य नक्रस्य भिषक् शुक्राणि संहरेत्||१०||
 
−
 
 
−
गव्यं सर्पिर्वराहस्य कुलिङ्गस्य वसामपि|
 
−
 
 
−
षष्टिकानां च चूर्णानि चूर्णं गोधूमकस्य  च||११||
 
−
 
 
−
एभिः पूपलिकाः कार्याः शष्कुल्यो वर्तिकास्तथा|
 
−
 
 
−
पूपा धानाश्च विविधा भक्ष्याश्चान्ये पृथग्विधाः||१२||
 
−
 
 
−
एषां प्रयोगाद्भक्ष्याणां स्तब्धेनापूर्णरेतसा|
 
−
 
 
−
शेफसा वाजिवद्याति यावदिच्छं स्त्रियो नरः||१३||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वृष्यपूपलिकादियोगाः)
 
−
 
 
−
caṭakānāṁ sahaṁsānāṁ dakṣāṇāṁ śikhināṁ tathā|
 
−
 
 
−
śiśumārasya nakrasya bhiṣak śukrāṇi saṁharēt||10||
 
−
 
 
−
gavyaṁ sarpirvarāhasya kuliṅgasya vasāmapi|
 
−
 
 
−
ṣaṣṭikānāṁ ca cūrṇāni cūrṇaṁ gōdhūmakasya [3] ca||11||
 
−
 
 
−
ēbhiḥ pūpalikāḥ kāryāḥ śaṣkulyō vartikāstathā|
 
−
 
 
−
pūpā dhānāśca vividhā bhakṣyāścānyē pr̥thagvidhāḥ||12||
 
−
 
 
−
ēṣāṁ prayōgādbhakṣyāṇāṁ stabdhēnāpūrṇarētasā|
 
−
 
 
−
śēphasā vājivadyāti yāvadicchaṁ striyō naraḥ||13||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyapūpalikādiyōgāḥ)
 
−
 
 
−
caTakAnAM sahaMsAnAM dakShANAM shikhinAM tathA|
 
−
 
 
−
shishumArasya nakrasya bhiShak shukrANi saMharet||10||
 
−
 
 
−
gavyaM sarpirvarAhasya kuli~ggasya vasAmapi|
 
−
 
 
−
ShaShTikAnAM ca cUrNAni cUrNaM godhUmakasya [3] ca||11||
 
−
 
 
−
ebhiH pUpalikAH kAryAH shaShkulyo vartikAstathA|
 
−
 
 
−
pUpA dhAnAshca vividhA bhakShyAshcAnye pRuthagvidhAH||12||
 
−
 
 
−
eShAM prayogAdbhakShyANAM stabdhenApUrNaretasA|
 
−
 
 
−
shephasA vAjivadyAti yAvadicchaM striyo naraH||13||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyapUpalikAdiyogAH)
 
−
 
 
−
The physician should collect semen of the sparrow, swan, chicken, peacock, estruant crocodile, and the nekoo crocodile. He should also collect cow’s ghee, boar fat and sparrow fat, the flour of the ''shashtika'' rice and of wheat. With these drugs, ''pupalika, shashkuli, vartika, pupa, dhana,'' and such other varieties of eatables should be prepared. By the administration of these preparations, man becomes fully potent and with strongly erected genital organ, enjoys optimum sexual delight in women with stallion vigor. [10-13]
 
−
 
 
−
====== ''Apatyakara Swarasa'' ======
 
−
 
 
−
आत्मगुप्ताफलं माषान् खर्जूराणि शतावरीम्|
 
−
 
 
−
शृङ्गाटकानि मृद्वीकां साधयेत् प्रसृतोन्मितम्||१४||
 
−
 
 
−
क्षीरप्रस्थं जलप्रस्थमेतत् प्रस्थावशेषितम्|
 
−
 
 
−
शुद्धेन वाससा पूतं योजयेत् प्रसृतैस्त्रिभिः||१५||
 
−
 
 
−
शर्करायास्तुगाक्षीर्याः सर्पिषोऽभिनवस्य च|
 
−
 
 
−
तत् पाययेत सक्षौद्रं षष्टिकान्नं च भोजयेत्||१६||
 
−
 
 
−
जरापरीतोऽप्यबलो योगेनानेन विन्दति|
 
−
 
 
−
नरोऽपत्यं सुविपुलं युवेव च स हृष्यति||१७||
 
−
 
 
−
(इत्यपत्यकरः स्वरसः)
 
−
 
 
−
ātmaguptāphalaṁ māṣān kharjūrāṇi śatāvarīm|
 
−
 
 
−
śr̥ṅgāṭakāni mr̥dvīkāṁ sādhayēt prasr̥tōnmitam||14||
 
−
 
 
−
kṣīraprasthaṁ jalaprasthamētat prasthāvaśēṣitam|
 
−
 
 
−
śuddhēna vāsasā pūtaṁ yōjayēt prasr̥taistribhiḥ||15||
 
−
 
 
−
śarkarāyāstugākṣīryāḥ sarpiṣō'bhinavasya ca|
 
−
 
 
−
tat pāyayēta sakṣaudraṁ ṣaṣṭikānnaṁ ca bhōjayēt||16||
 
−
 
 
−
jarāparītō'pyabalō yōgēnānēna vindati|
 
−
 
 
−
narō'patyaṁ suvipulaṁ yuvēva ca sa hr̥ṣyati||17||
 
−
 
 
−
(ityapatyakaraḥ svarasaḥ)
 
−
 
 
−
AtmaguptAphalaM mAShAn kharjUrANi shatAvarIm|
 
−
 
 
−
shRu~ggATakAni mRudvIkAM sAdhayet prasRutonmitam||14||
 
−
 
 
−
kShIraprasthaM jalaprasthametat prasthAvasheShitam|
 
−
 
 
−
shuddhena vAsasA pUtaM yojayet prasRutaistribhiH||15||
 
−
 
 
−
sharkarAyAstugAkShIryAH sarpiSho~abhinavasya ca|
 
−
 
 
−
tat pAyayeta sakShaudraM ShaShTikAnnaM ca bhojayet||16||
 
−
 
 
−
jarAparIto~apyabalo yogenAnena vindati|
 
−
 
 
−
naro~apatyaM suvipulaM yuveva ca sa hRuShyati||17||
 
−
 
 
−
(ityapatyakaraH svarasaH)
 
−
 
 
−
Take seeds of ''atmagupta, masha, kharjura, shatavari, shringataka'' and ''mridvika'' in the quantity of one ''prasrita'' and boil with one ''prastha'' of milk and one ''prastha'' of water, till one ''prastha'' remains. Then after, this should be filtered in a piece of cloth and after that mix it with three ''prastha'' of sugar, ''tugakshiri'', and freshly collected ghee. This should be taken with honey followed by a meal of ''shashtika'' rice. By this preparation, even an old and a weak person becomes capable of procreating many children and acquires the virility of youth. [14-17]
 
−
 
 
−
====== ''Vrishya Ksheera'' (milk) ======
 
−
 
 
−
खर्जूरीमस्तकं माषान् पयस्यां च शतावरीम्|
 
−
 
 
−
खर्जूराणि मधूकानि मृद्वीकामजडाफलम्||१८||
 
−
 
 
−
पलोन्मितानि मतिमान् [४] साधयेत् सलिलाढके|
 
−
 
 
−
तेन पादावशेषेण क्षीरप्रस्थं विपाचयेत्||१९||
 
−
 
 
−
क्षीरशेषेण तेनाद्याद् घृताढ्यं षष्टिकौदनम्|
 
−
 
 
−
सशर्करेण संयोग एष वृष्यः परं स्मृतः||२०||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वृष्यक्षीरम्)
 
−
 
 
−
kharjūrīmastakaṁ māṣān payasyāṁ ca śatāvarīm|
 
−
 
 
−
kharjūrāṇi madhūkāni mr̥dvīkāmajaḍāphalam||18||
 
 
   
 
   
−
palōnmitāni matimān [4] sādhayēt salilāḍhakē|
+
In disease, Vajikarana is indicated in emaciation due to excess sexual intercourse, impotency, infertility and sexual disorders. [Su.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 26/3]<ref name= Susruta> Sushruta. Sushruta Samhita. Edited by Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005.</ref>
−
 
 
−
tēna pādāvaśēṣēṇa kṣīraprasthaṁ vipācayēt||19||
 
−
 
 
−
kṣīraśēṣēṇa tēnādyād ghr̥tāḍhyaṁ ṣaṣṭikaudanam|
 
−
 
 
−
saśarkarēṇa saṁyōga ēṣa vr̥ṣyaḥ paraṁ smr̥taḥ||20||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyakṣīram)
 
−
 
 
−
kharjUrImastakaM mAShAn payasyAM ca shatAvarIm|
 
−
 
 
−
kharjUrANi madhUkAni mRudvIkAmajaDAphalam||18||
 
−
 
 
−
palonmitAni matimAn [4] sAdhayet salilADhake|
 
−
 
 
−
tena pAdAvasheSheNa kShIraprasthaM vipAcayet||19||
 
−
 
 
−
kShIrasheSheNa tenAdyAd ghRutADhyaM ShaShTikaudanam|
 
−
 
 
−
sasharkareNa saMyoga eSha vRuShyaH paraM smRutaH||20||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyakShIram)
 
−
 
 
−
Take ''kharjuri mastaka, masha, payasya, shatavari, kharjura, madhuka, mridvika'' and the fruit of ''ajada'' (''Shuka Shimbi'') in the quantity of one ''pala'' each with one ''adhaka'' of water till the whole is reduced to one fourth of the quantity. Then it should be cooked again in one ''prastha'' of milk till only milk remains. It should be taken with cooked ''shashtika'' rice, mixed liberally with ghee and with sugar. This is an excellent aphrodisiac. [18-20]
 
−
 
 
−
====== ''Vrishya Ghrita'' ======
 
−
 
 
−
जीवकर्षभकौ मेदां जीवन्तीं श्रावणीद्वयम्|
 
−
 
 
−
खर्जूरं मधुकं द्राक्षां पिप्पलीं विश्वभेषजम्||२१||
 
−
 
 
−
शृङ्गाटकं विदारीं च नवं सर्पिः पयो जलम्|
 
−
 
 
−
सिद्धं घृतावशेषं तच्छर्कराक्षौद्रपादिकम्||२२||
 
−
 
 
−
षष्टिकान्नेन संयुक्तमुपयोज्यं यथाबलम्|
 
−
 
 
−
वृष्यं बल्यं च वर्ण्यं च कण्ठ्यं बृंहणमुत्तमम्||२३||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वृष्यघृतम्)
 
  
−
jīvakarṣabhakau mēdāṁ jīvantīṁ śrāvaṇīdvayam|
+
==Prerequisite for vajikarana therapy==
  
−
kharjūraṁ madhukaṁ drākṣāṁ pippalīṁ viśvabhēṣajam||21||
+
Purification therapies must be done before vajikarana therapy. It is essential to remove toxins and clear body channels to achieve the optimum benefit of vajikarana therapy. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/1/50-51] The purification can be done by administration of decoction and unctuous enema ([[basti]]). [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/9]
  
−
śr̥ṅgāṭakaṁ vidārīṁ ca navaṁ sarpiḥ payō jalam|
+
==Properties==
−
 
 
−
siddhaṁ ghr̥tāvaśēṣaṁ taccharkarākṣaudrapādikam||22||
 
−
 
 
−
ṣaṣṭikānnēna saṁyuktamupayōjyaṁ yathābalam|
 
−
 
 
−
vr̥ṣyaṁ balyaṁ ca varṇyaṁ ca kaṇṭhyaṁ br̥ṁhaṇamuttamam||23||
 
 
   
 
   
−
(iti vr̥ṣyaghr̥tam)  
+
The substance used for vajikarana therapy should possess the following properties:
 +
*Sweet (madhura)
 +
*Unctuous (snigdha)
 +
*Life promoting (jivanam)
 +
*Nourishing (brimhana)
 +
*Heavy to digest (guru)
 +
*Elevating mood and happiness (mano harshana) [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/4/36]
 +
*Increases strength [A.S. Uttara Sthana 50/64]<ref name=Sangraha/>
  
−
jIvakarShabhakau medAM jIvantIM shrAvaNIdvayam|
+
==Methods of vajikarana therapy==
−
 
 
−
kharjUraM madhukaM drAkShAM pippalIM vishvabheShajam||21||
 
−
 
 
−
shRu~ggATakaM vidArIM ca navaM sarpiH payo jalam|
 
−
 
 
−
siddhaM ghRutAvasheShaM taccharkarAkShaudrapAdikam||22||
 
 
   
 
   
−
ShaShTikAnnena saMyuktamupayojyaM yathAbalam|
+
Vajikarana is administered through the following means:
−
 
+
#Diet
−
vRuShyaM balyaM ca varNyaM ca kaNThyaM bRuMhaNamuttamam||23||
+
#Daily habits
−
 
+
#Psychological factors
−
(iti vRuShyaghRutam)
+
#Therapeutic measures
−
 
 
−
''Jeevaka, rishbhaka, meda, jeevanti,'' both types of ''shravani, kharjura, madhuka, draksha, pippali, vishwabheshaja, shringataka, vidari,'' freshly collected ghee, milk and water should be boiled together till ghee remains and then it should be mixed with one fourth of its quantity of sugar and honey. Depending up on the digestive power, it should be taken along with ''shashtika'' type of rice. This is an excellent recipe to promote virility, strength, complexion, voice and nourishment. [21-23]
 
−
 
 
−
====== ''Vrishya Dadhisara'' (cream of curd) ======
 
−
 
 
−
दध्नः सरं शरच्चन्द्रसन्निभं दोषवर्जितम्|
 
−
 
 
−
शर्कराक्षौद्रमरिचैस्तुगाक्षीर्या च बुद्धिमान्||२४||
 
−
 
 
−
युक्त्या युक्तं ससूक्ष्मैलं नवे कुम्भे [५] शुचौ पटे|
 
−
 
 
−
मार्जितं प्रक्षिपेच्छीते घृताढ्ये षष्टिकौदने||२५||
 
−
 
 
−
पिबेन्मात्रां रसालायास्तं भुक्त्वा षष्टिकौदनम् [६] |
 
−
 
 
−
वर्णस्वरबलोपेतः पुमांस्तेन वृषायते||२६||
 
−
 
 
−
(वृष्यो दधिसरप्रयोगः)
 
−
 
 
−
dadhnaḥ saraṁ śaraccandrasannibhaṁ dōṣavarjitam|
 
−
 
 
−
śarkarākṣaudramaricaistugākṣīryā ca buddhimān||24||
 
−
 
 
−
yuktyā yuktaṁ sasūkṣmailaṁ navē kumbhē [5] śucau paṭē|
 
−
 
 
−
mārjitaṁ prakṣipēcchītē ghr̥tāḍhyē ṣaṣṭikaudanē||25||
 
−
 
 
−
pibēnmātrāṁ rasālāyāstaṁ bhuktvā ṣaṣṭikaudanam [6] |
 
−
 
 
−
varṇasvarabalōpētaḥ pumāṁstēna vr̥ṣāyatē||26||
 
−
 
 
−
(vr̥ṣyō dadhisaraprayōgaḥ)
 
−
 
 
−
dadhnaH saraM sharaccandrasannibhaM doShavarjitam|
 
−
 
 
−
sharkarAkShaudramaricaistugAkShIryA ca buddhimAn||24||
 
−
 
 
−
yuktyA yuktaM sasUkShmailaM nave kumbhe [5] shucau paTe|
 
−
 
 
−
mArjitaM prakShipecchIte ghRutADhye ShaShTikaudane||25||
 
−
 
 
−
pibenmAtrAM rasAlAyAstaM bhuktvA ShaShTikaudanam [6] |
 
−
 
 
−
varNasvarabalopetaH pumAMstena vRuShAyate||26||
 
−
 
 
−
(vRuShyo dadhisaraprayogaH)
 
−
 
 
−
The cream of curd which is white as the autumnal moon and free from impurities, should be added with sugar, honey, ''maricha'' and ''tugakshiri'' by a wise physician, and to this ''sukshma ela'' should be added in appropriate quantity and then after it should be strained through a clean piece of cloth into a new earthen jar. This should be added with ''shashtika'' type of rice mixed with liberal quantity of ghee. This ''rasala'' should be taken in appropriate quantity and after that ''shashtika'' type of rice should be taken. This recipe promotes the complexion, voice strength and the virility of the man. [24-26]
 
−
 
 
−
====== ''Vrishya Shashtika Odana'' (rice) ======
 
  
−
चन्द्रांशुकल्पं पयसा घृताढ्यं षष्टिकौदनम्|
+
===Diet===
  
−
शर्करामधुसंयुक्तं प्रयुञ्जानो वृषायते||२७||
+
Following food items are helpful to improve the quality and quantity of [[shukra dhatu]].
 +
*Daily consumption of ghee and milk. [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/3/20]
 +
*Habitual use of diet consisting of equal parts of ghee and roasted corn flour [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 25/40]
 +
*Milk [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 1/107]
 +
*Honey [Su.Sa.Sutra Sthana 45/132]<ref name=Susruta/>
 +
*Coconut water [A.S.Sutra Sthana 6/23]<ref name=Sangraha/>
 +
*Sugarcane juice[A.S.Sutra Sthana 6/49]<ref name=Sangraha/>
 +
*Crude sugar, sugar candy and white fine sugar[A.S.Sutra Sthana 6/55]<ref name=Sangraha/>
 +
*Barley (yava) [A.S.Sutra Sthana 7/10]<ref name=Sangraha/>
 +
*Wheat [A.S.Sutra Sthana 7/11]<ref name=Sangraha/>
 +
*Shashtika rice (a rice variety) along with milk, ghee, sugar and honey [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/2/27] 
 +
*Powder of Glycyrrhiza glabra (yashtimadhu) with ghee and honey followed by milk [Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/3/18-19]
 +
*Meat soup[A.S.Sutra Sthana 7/33]<ref name=Sangraha/>, meat of rooster [A.S.Sutra Sthana 7/77]<ref name=Sangraha/>, kulira (a fish variety) - [A.S.Sutra Sthana 7/91]<ref name=Sangraha/>
 +
*Bone marrow and animal fat [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/295]
  
−
(इति वृष्यः षष्टिकौदनप्रयोगः)
+
===Regimens with aphrodisiac (vajikarana) effect===
−
 
 
−
candrāṁśukalpaṁ payasā ghr̥tāḍhyaṁ ṣaṣṭikaudanam|
 
−
 
 
−
śarkarāmadhusaṁyuktaṁ prayuñjānō vr̥ṣāyatē||27||
 
 
   
 
   
−
(iti vr̥ṣyaḥ ṣaṣṭikaudanaprayōgaḥ)
+
*Bath [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 5/94],
−
 
+
*Comfortable sitting and proper sleep  [Su.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 24/81]<ref name=Susruta/>
−
candrAMshukalpaM payasA ghRutADhyaM ShaShTikaudanam|
 
−
 
 
−
sharkarAmadhusaMyuktaM prayu~jjAno vRuShAyate||27||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyaH ShaShTikaudanaprayogaH)
 
  
−
One who takes the ''shashtika'' rice which is white like the rays of moon, along with milk and ghee in liberal quantity, sugar and honey, gets virilified. [27]
+
===Mental factors===
  
−
====== ''Vrishya Pupalika'' ======
+
*Affectionate and loving conversation, touch, and pleasant music [Su.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 26/6]<ref name=Susruta/>
 +
*A loving and pleasant companion is the best to increase virility.[Cha.Sa.[[Chikitsa Sthana]] 2/1/4]
  
−
तप्ते सर्पिषि नक्राण्डं ताम्रचूडाण्डमिश्रितम्|
+
===Therapies===
−
 
 
−
युक्तं षष्टिकचूर्णेन सर्पिषाऽभिनवेन च||२८||
 
 
   
 
   
−
पक्त्वा पूपलिकाः खादेद्वारुणीमण्डपो नरः|
+
Decoction enema [A.S. Sutra Sthana 28/5]<ref name=Sangraha/>, unctuous enema processed with vajikarana medicines (vrishyabasti) [A.S.Kalpa Sthana 5/11]<ref name=Sangraha/> and gentle massage (samvahana) [Su.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 24/83]<ref name=Susruta/> increases virility.  
−
 
 
−
य इच्छेदश्ववद्गन्तुं प्रसेक्तुं गजवच्च यः||२९||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वृष्यपूपलिकाः)
 
−
 
 
−
taptē sarpiṣi nakrāṇḍaṁ tāmracūḍāṇḍamiśritam|
 
−
 
 
−
yuktaṁ ṣaṣṭikacūrṇēna sarpiṣā'bhinavēna ca||28||
 
−
 
 
−
paktvā pūpalikāḥ khādēdvāruṇīmaṇḍapō naraḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
ya icchēdaśvavadgantuṁ prasēktuṁ gajavacca yaḥ||29||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyapūpalikāḥ)
 
−
 
 
−
tapte sarpiShi nakrANDaM tAmracUDANDamishritam|
 
−
 
 
−
yuktaM ShaShTikacUrNena sarpiShA~abhinavena ca||28||
 
−
 
 
−
paktvA pUpalikAH khAdedvAruNImaNDapo naraH|
 
−
 
 
−
ya icchedashvavadgantuM prasektuM gajavacca yaH||29||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyapUpalikAH)  
 
−
 
 
−
The eggs of the crocodile and chicken should be fried in ghee and then it should be mixed with the powder of ''shashtika'' rice and the whole thing should be boiled in ghee. Out of this, pan cakes should be prepared. These sweet pan cakes should be taken followed by ''manda'' of ''varuni'', if he desires to have sexual intercourse the day after, and if he wants to indulge in it with the vigor of an elephant. [28-29]
 
  
−
===== Benefits =====
+
'''Herbs and medicines:'''
  
−
भवतश्चात्र-
+
The herbs that increase the amount of semen are Withania somnifera (ashwagandha), Asparagus adscendens (musali), sugar (sharkara) and Asparagus racemosus (shatavari). [Sha.Purvakhanda.4/15]<ref name= Shargadara> Sharangadhara. Sharangadhara Samhita. Translated from Sanskrit by K.R. Srikantha Murthy. Reprint ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha orientalia;2016.</ref>
−
 
 
−
एतैः प्रयोगैर्विधिवद्वपुष्मान् वीर्योपपन्नो [७] बलवर्णयुक्तः|
 
−
 
 
−
हर्षान्वितो वाजिवदष्टवर्षो भवेत् समर्थश्च वराङ्गनासु||३०||
 
 
   
 
   
−
यद्यच्च किञ्चिन्मनसः प्रियं स्याद्रम्या वनान्ताः पुलिनानि शैलाः|
+
The drugs which initiate proper functioning of semen are milk, black gram (masha), fruit pulp of Semicarpus anacardium (bhallataka phalamajja), and Phyllanthus embilica (amalaki). [Sha.Purvakhanda.4/16]<ref name=Shargadara/>
−
 
 
−
इष्टाः स्त्रियो भूषणगन्धमाल्यं प्रिया वयस्याश्च तदत्र योग्यम् [८] ||३१||
 
−
 
 
−
bhavataścātra-
 
−
 
 
−
ētaiḥ prayōgairvidhivadvapuṣmān vīryōpapannō [7] balavarṇayuktaḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
harṣānvitō vājivadaṣṭavarṣō bhavēt samarthaśca varāṅganāsu||30||
 
−
 
 
−
yadyacca kiñcinmanasaḥ priyaṁ syādramyā vanāntāḥ pulināni śailāḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
iṣṭāḥ striyō bhūṣaṇagandhamālyaṁ priyā vayasyāśca tadatra yōgyam [8] ||31||
 
−
 
 
−
bhavatashcAtra-
 
−
 
 
−
etaiH prayogairvidhivadvapuShmAn vIryopapanno [7] balavarNayuktaH|
 
−
 
 
−
harShAnvito vAjivadaShTavarSho bhavet samarthashca varA~gganAsu||30||
 
−
 
 
−
yadyacca ki~jcinmanasaH priyaM syAdramyA vanAntAH pulinAni shailAH|
 
−
 
 
−
iShTAH striyo bhUShaNagandhamAlyaM priyA vayasyAshca tadatra yogyam [8] ||31||
 
−
 
 
−
Thus it is said:
 
−
 
 
−
By the systematic course of these recipes, man is endowed with adequate quantity of semen, strength and complexion and is capable of mating with the best of women with all the virility of a young horse of eight years of age. Whatever things gladden the heart, such as pleasant groves, ponds, hills, pleasing women, ornaments, perfumes, garlands and beloved friends and such other things which are liked by the man- all these acts as stimulating agents of virility. [30-31]
 
−
 
 
−
===== Summary =====
 
−
तत्र श्लोकः-
 
−
 
 
−
आसिक्तक्षीरिके पादे ये योगाः परिकीर्तिताः|
 
−
 
 
−
अष्टावपत्यकामैस्ते प्रयोज्याः पौरुषार्थिभिः||३२||
 
−
 
 
−
इत्यग्निवेशकृते तन्त्रे चरकप्रतिसंस्कृते चिकित्सास्थाने वाजीकरणाध्याये आसिक्तक्षीरिको नाम वाजीकरणपादो द्वितीयः||२||
 
−
 
 
−
tatra ślōkaḥ-
 
−
 
 
−
āsiktakṣīrikē pādē yē yōgāḥ parikīrtitāḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
aṣṭāvapatyakāmaistē prayōjyāḥ pauruṣārthibhiḥ||32||
 
−
 
 
−
ityagnivēśakr̥tē tantrē carakapratisaṁskr̥tē cikitsāsthānē vājīkaraṇādhyāyē āsiktakṣīrikō nāmavājīkaraṇapādō dvitīyaḥ||2||
 
−
 
 
−
tatra shlokaH-
 
  
−
AsiktakShIrike pAde ye yogAH parikIrtitAH|
+
Solanum americanum (kakamachi) [A.S.Sutra Sthana 7/103]<ref name=Sangraha/>, Pueraria tuberose (vidari) [A.S.Sutra Sthana 7/120]<ref name=Sangraha/>, Benincasa hispida (kushmanda) [A.S.Sutra Sthana 7/124]<ref name=Sangraha/>, grape [A.S.Sutra Sthana 7/154]<ref name=Sangraha/>, dry ginger[A.S.Sutra Sthana 12/30]<ref name=Sangraha/>, ginger [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/296], Sida cordifolia (bala), Abutilon indicum (atibala), Sida cordata (nagabala) [A.S.Sutra Sthana 12/43]<ref name=Sangraha/>, black gram [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/24],  Phoenix sylvestris Roxb.(dates) [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/127], Mucuna pruriens (kapikacchu) [Sha.Purvakhanda.4/14]<ref name=Shargadara/> etc. are some of the drugs which promotes virility.
  
−
aShTAvapatyakAmaiste prayojyAH pauruShArthibhiH||32||
+
==Diets contraindicated in vajikarana therapy==
  
−
ityagniveshakRute tantre carakapratisaMskRute cikitsAsthAne vAjIkaraNAdhyAye AsiktakShIriko nAmavAjIkaraNapAdo dvitIyaH||2||
+
Following food items negatively affect virility and contraindicated during vajikarana therapy:
  
−
Here is the recapitulatory verse-
+
*All types of salts except rock salt [A.S. Sutra Sthana 18/17]<ref name=Sangraha/> [A.S. Sutra Sthana 12/17]<ref name=Sangraha/>
 +
*Buttermilk [Su.Sa.Sutra Sthana 45/84]<ref name=Susruta/>
 +
*Bitter and spicy food items [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 27/4] [Cha.Sa.[[Sutra Sthana]] 26/51]
 +
*If food is taken in less quantity than required [Cha.Sa.[[Vimana Sthana]] 2/7]
  
−
The eight preparations that are described in this quarter entitled ''Asikti Kshirika'' should be restored to by those who are desirous of manliness and progeny. [32]
+
==Time of administration==
−
 
 
−
==== III- ''Mashaparnabhritiya Vajikarana pada'' ====
 
−
 
 
−
अथातो माषपर्णभृतीयं वाजीकरणपादं व्याख्यास्यामः||१||
 
−
 
 
−
इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||
 
−
 
 
−
athātō māṣaparṇabhr̥tīyaṁ vājīkaraṇapādaṁ vyakhyāsyāmaḥ||1||
 
−
 
 
−
iti ha smāha bhagavānātrēyaḥ||2||
 
−
 
 
−
athAto mAShaparNabhRutIyaM vAjIkaraNapAdaM vyakhyAsyAmaH||1||
 
−
 
 
−
iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||
 
−
 
 
−
We shall now expound the third quarter section entitled ''Mashaparnabhritiya'' on the virilification. Thus said Lord Atreya. [1-2]
 
−
 
 
−
===== Specific cow’s milk for ''vajikarana'' =====
 
−
 
 
−
माषपर्णभृतां धेनुं गृष्टिं पुष्टां चतुःस्तनीम्|
 
−
 
 
−
समानवर्णवत्सां च जीवद्वत्सां च बुद्धिमान्||३||
 
−
 
 
−
रोहिणीमथवा कृष्णामूर्ध्वशृङ्गीमदारुणाम्|
 
−
 
 
−
इक्ष्वादामर्जुनादां वा सान्द्रक्षीरां च धारयेत्||४||
 
−
 
 
−
केवलं तु पयस्तस्याः शृतं वाऽशृतमेव वा|
 
−
 
 
−
शर्कराक्षौद्रसर्पिर्भिर्युक्तं तद्वृष्यमुत्तमम्||५||
 
−
 
 
−
māṣaparṇabhr̥tāṁ dhēnuṁ gr̥ṣṭiṁ puṣṭāṁ catuḥstanīm|
 
−
 
 
−
samānavarṇavatsāṁ ca jīvadvatsāṁ ca buddhimān||3||
 
−
 
 
−
rōhiṇīmathavā kr̥ṣṇāmūrdhvaśr̥ṅgīmadāruṇām|
 
−
 
 
−
ikṣvādāmarjunādāṁ vā sāndrakṣīrāṁ ca dhārayēt||4||
 
−
 
 
−
kēvalaṁ tu payastasyāḥ śr̥taṁ vā'śr̥tamēva vā|
 
−
 
 
−
śarkarākṣaudrasarpirbhiryuktaṁ tadvr̥ṣyamuttamam||5||
 
−
 
 
−
mAShaparNabhRutAM dhenuM gRuShTiM puShTAM catuHstanIm|
 
−
 
 
−
samAnavarNavatsAM ca jIvadvatsAM ca buddhimAn||3||
 
−
 
 
−
rohiNImathavA kRuShNAmUrdhvashRu~ggImadAruNAm|
 
−
 
 
−
ikShvAdAmarjunAdAM vA sAndrakShIrAM ca dhArayet||4||
 
−
 
 
−
kevalaM tu payastasyAH shRutaM vA~ashRutameva vA|
 
−
 
 
−
sharkarAkShaudrasarpirbhiryuktaM tadvRuShyamuttamam||5||
 
−
 
 
−
The wise man should rear a cow which is fed with the leaves of ''masha''(black gram), stalks of sugar cane and leaves of ''arjuna'', which has calved for the first time, which is well nourished and has four teats, which has a living calf of identical color, which is red or black in color, whose horns are projected upwards and is not fierce and whose milk is thick. This milk can be taken either boiled or fresh or mixed with sugar, honey and ghee for excellent virilific action. [3-5]
 
−
 
 
−
===== Processing of milk for increasing semen =====
 
−
 
 
−
शुक्रलैर्जीवनीयैश्च बृंहणैर्बलवर्धनैः|
 
−
 
 
−
क्षीरसञ्जननैश्चैव पयः सिद्धं पृथक् पृथक्||६||
 
−
 
 
−
युक्तं गोधूमचूर्णेन सघृतक्षौद्रशर्करम्|
 
−
 
 
−
पर्यायेण प्रयोक्तव्यमिच्छता शुक्रमक्षयम्||७||
 
−
 
 
−
śukralairjīvanīyaiśca br̥ṁhaṇairbalavardhanaiḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
kṣīrasañjananaiścaiva payaḥ siddhaṁ pr̥thak pr̥thak||6||
 
−
 
 
−
yuktaṁ gōdhūmacūrṇēna saghr̥takṣaudraśarkaram|
 
−
 
 
−
paryāyēṇa prayōktavyamicchatā śukramakṣayam||7||
 
−
 
 
−
shukralairjIvanIyaishca bRuMhaNairbalavardhanaiH|
 
−
 
 
−
kShIrasa~jjananaishcaiva payaH siddhaM pRuthak pRuthak||6||
 
−
 
 
−
yuktaM godhUmacUrNena saghRutakShaudrasharkaram|
 
−
 
 
−
paryAyeNa prayoktavyamicchatA shukramakShayam||7||
 
−
 
 
−
Milk prepared with ''shukrala'' (increasing semen), ''jivaniya'' (increasing vitality), ''brimhaniya'' (anabolic), ''bala vardhana'' (increasing strength) and ''kshira samjanana'' (increasing lactation) groups separately and mixed with wheat flour, ghee, honey and sugar should be administered one after the other in succession by a person who is desirous of inexhaustible semen. [6-7]
 
−
 
 
−
मेदां पयस्यां जीवन्तीं विदारीं कण्टकारिकाम्|
 
−
 
 
−
श्वदंष्ट्रां क्षीरिकां माषान् गोधूमाञ्छालिषष्टिकान्||८||
 
−
 
 
−
पयस्यर्धोदके पक्त्वा  कार्षिकानाढकोन्मिते|
 
−
 
 
−
विवर्जयेत् पयःशेषं तत् पूतं क्षौद्रसर्पिषा||९||
 
−
 
 
−
युक्तं सशर्करं पीत्वा वृद्धः सप्ततिकोऽपि वा|
 
−
 
 
−
विपुलं लभतेऽपत्यं युवेव च स हृष्यति||१०||
 
−
 
 
−
mēdāṁ payasyāṁ jīvantīṁ vidārīṁ kaṇṭakārikām|
 
−
 
 
−
śvadaṁṣṭrāṁ kṣīrikāṁ māṣān gōdhūmāñchāliṣaṣṭikān||8||
 
−
 
 
−
payasyardhōdakē paktvā kārṣikānāḍhakōnmitē|
 
−
 
 
−
vivarjayēt payaḥśēṣaṁ tat pūtaṁ kṣaudrasarpiṣā||9||
 
−
 
 
−
yuktaṁ saśarkaraṁ pītvā vr̥ddhaḥ saptatikō'pi vā|
 
−
 
 
−
vipulaṁ labhatē'patyaṁ yuvēva ca sa hr̥ṣyati||10||
 
−
 
 
−
medAM payasyAM jIvantIM vidArIM kaNTakArikAm|
 
−
 
 
−
shvadaMShTrAM kShIrikAM mAShAn godhUmA~jchAliShaShTikAn||8||
 
−
 
 
−
payasyardhodake paktvA kArShikAnADhakonmite|
 
−
 
 
−
vivarjayet payaHsheShaM tat pUtaM kShaudrasarpiShA||9||
 
−
 
 
−
yuktaM sasharkaraM pItvA vRuddhaH saptatiko~api vA|
 
−
 
 
−
vipulaM labhate~apatyaM yuveva ca sa hRuShyati||10||
 
−
 
 
−
Take one karsha of ''meda, payasya, jeevanti, vidari, kantakari, shvadamshtra, kshirika, masha, godhuma, shali, shashtika'' and boil in one ''adhaka'' of milk and half ''adhaka'' of water till the whole is reduced to  one ''adhaka''. It should be then strained. By taking this medicated milk with honey, ghee and sugar, even an old man and a person who is 70 yrs. old, obtains numerous progeny and gets vigor like that of a young person.[8-10]
 
−
 
 
−
मण्डलैर्जातरूपस्य तस्या एव पयः शृतम्|
 
−
 
 
−
अपत्यजननं सिद्धं सघृतक्षौद्रशर्करम्||११||
 
−
 
 
−
maṇḍalairjātarūpasya tasyā ēva payaḥ śr̥tam|
 
−
 
 
−
apatyajananaṁ siddhaṁ saghr̥takṣaudraśarkaram||11||
 
−
 
 
−
maNDalairjAtarUpasya tasyA eva payaH shRutam|
 
−
 
 
−
apatyajananaM siddhaM saghRutakShaudrasharkaram||11||
 
−
 
 
−
The milk of above mentioned cow, when boiled with gold coins and then mixed with ghee, honey and sugar, is a tested procreant preparation. [11]
 
−
 
 
−
===== ''Vrishya Pippali'' and ''Payas'' formulation =====
 
−
 
 
−
त्रिंशत् सुपिष्टाः पिप्पल्यः प्रकुञ्चे तैलसर्पिषोः|
 
−
 
 
−
भृष्टाः सशर्कराक्षौद्राः क्षीरधारावदोहिताः||१२||
 
−
 
 
−
पीत्वा यथाबलं चोर्ध्वं षष्टिकं क्षीरसर्पिषा|
 
−
 
 
−
भुक्त्वा न रात्रिमस्तब्धं लिङ्गं पश्यति ना क्षरत्||१३||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वृष्यः पिप्पलीयोगः)
 
−
 
 
−
श्वदंष्ट्राया विदार्याश्च रसे क्षीरचतुर्गुणे|
 
−
 
 
−
घृताढ्यः साधितो वृष्यो माषषष्टिकपायसः||१४||
 
 
   
 
   
−
(इति वृष्यपायसयोगः)
+
Vajikarana medicines should be used along with morsel of food (sagrasa). [A.S. Sutra Sthana 23/22]<ref name=Sangraha/>
−
 
 
−
triṁśat supiṣṭāḥ pippalyaḥ prakuñcē tailasarpiṣōḥ|
 
  
−
bhr̥ṣṭāḥ saśarkarākṣaudrāḥ kṣīradhārāvadōhitāḥ||12||
+
Detail list of food and formulations is described in [[vajikarana Adhyaya]] chapter of [[Charak Samhita]].
  
−
pītvā yathābalaṁ cōrdhvaṁ ṣaṣṭikaṁ kṣīrasarpiṣā|
+
==Contemporary views==
−
 
 
−
bhuktvā na rātrimastabdhaṁ liṅgaṁ paśyati nā kṣarat||13||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyaḥ pippalīyōgaḥ)
 
−
 
 
−
śvadaṁṣṭrāyā vidāryāśca rasē kṣīracaturguṇē|
 
−
 
 
−
ghr̥tāḍhyaḥ sādhitō vr̥ṣyō māṣaṣaṣṭikapāyasaḥ||14||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyapāyasayōgaḥ)
 
−
 
 
−
triMshat supiShTAH pippalyaH praku~jce tailasarpiShoH|
 
−
 
 
−
bhRuShTAH sasharkarAkShaudrAH kShIradhArAvadohitAH||12||
 
−
 
 
−
pItvA yathAbalaM cordhvaM ShaShTikaM kShIrasarpiShA|
 
−
 
 
−
bhuktvA na rAtrimastabdhaM li~ggaM pashyati nA kSharat||13||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyaH pippalIyogaH)
 
−
 
 
−
shvadaMShTrAyA vidAryAshca rase kShIracaturguNe|
 
−
 
 
−
ghRutADhyaH sAdhito vRuShyo mAShaShaShTikapAyasaH||14||
 
 
   
 
   
−
(iti vRuShyapAyasayogaH)
+
In modern medical systems, drugs to increase sex hormones are used. Commonly phenethylamines, synthetic testosterone are used to increase libido and treat sexual dysfunctions.
−
 
 
−
A paste of thirty ''pippali'' shall be roasted in one ''prakuncha''(approximate 40 gram) of ghee and sesame oil and then mixed with one ''prakuncha'' sugar and honey each. This mixture shall be kept in a milking vessel. Then the above mentioned cow shall be milked in the vessel. This fresh milk shall be consumed as per one’s ''agni'' or digestive capacity. On feeling hungry, one shall take rice and milk mixed with ghee only.  After consuming this, one will not ejaculate the semen early and can have intercourse throughout the night.
 
−
 
 
−
''Payasya'' made from ''masha'' and ''shashtika'' cooked in the juice of ''shvadamstra, vidari'' and four times of milk along with liberal quantity of ghee, acts as a virilific.[13-14]
 
−
 
 
−
===== ''Vrishya Pupalika'' =====
 
−
 
 
−
फलानां जीवनीयानां स्निग्धानां रुचिकारिणाम्|
 
−
 
 
−
कुडवश्चूर्णितानां स्यात् स्वयङ्गुप्ताफलस्य च||१५||
 
−
 
 
−
कुडवश्चैव माषाणां द्वौ द्वौ च तिलमुद्गयोः|
 
−
 
 
−
गोधूमशालिचूर्णानां कुडवः कुडवो भवेत्||१६||
 
−
 
 
−
सर्पिषः कुडवश्चैकस्तत् सर्वं क्षीरमर्दितम् [१] |
 
−
 
 
−
पक्त्वा पूपलिकाः खादेद्बह्व्यः स्युर्यस्य योषितः||१७||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वृष्यपूपलिकाः)
 
−
 
 
−
phalānāṁ jīvanīyānāṁ snigdhānāṁ rucikāriṇām|
 
−
 
 
−
kuḍavaścūrṇitānāṁ syāt svayaṅguptāphalasya ca||15||
 
−
 
 
−
kuḍavaścaiva māṣāṇāṁ dvau dvau ca tilamudgayōḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
gōdhūmaśālicūrṇānāṁ kuḍavaḥ kuḍavō bhavēt||16||
 
−
 
 
−
sarpiṣaḥ kuḍavaścaikastat sarvaṁ kṣīramarditam [1] |
 
−
 
 
−
paktvā pūpalikāḥ khādēdbahvyaḥ syuryasya yōṣitaḥ||17||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyapūpalikāḥ)
 
−
 
 
−
phalAnAM jIvanIyAnAM snigdhAnAM rucikAriNAm|
 
−
 
 
−
kuDavashcUrNitAnAM syAt svaya~gguptAphalasya ca||15||
 
−
 
 
−
kuDavashcaiva mAShANAM dvau dvau ca tilamudgayoH|
 
−
 
 
−
godhUmashAlicUrNAnAM kuDavaH kuDavo bhavet||16||
 
−
 
 
−
sarpiShaH kuDavashcaikastat sarvaM kShIramarditam [1] |
 
−
 
 
−
paktvA pUpalikAH khAdedbahvyaH syuryasya yoShitaH||17||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyapUpalikAH)
 
−
 
 
−
One ''kudava'' of each of the powders of fruits of ''jeevaniya, snigdha, ruchikara'' should be mixed with one ''kudava'' of each of the powders of the fruits of ''svayamgupta'' and ''masha'' and two ''kudava'' each of ''tila'' and ''mudga'', one ''kudava'' of each of the powders of ''godhuma'' and ''shali'', and one ''kudava'' of ghee. All these should be ground in milk and by boiling, ''pupalika'' should be prepared. These should be taken by a person who has many wives.[15-17]
 
−
 
 
−
===== ''Shatavari Ghrita'' =====
 
−
 
 
−
घृतं शतावरीगर्भं क्षीरे दशगुणे पचेत्|
 
−
 
 
−
शर्करापिप्पलीक्षौद्रयुक्तं तद्वृष्यमुत्तमम्||१८||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वृष्यं शतावरीघृतम्)
 
−
 
 
−
ghr̥taṁ śatāvarīgarbhaṁ kṣīrē daśaguṇē pacēt|
 
−
 
 
−
śarkarāpippalīkṣaudrayuktaṁ tadvr̥ṣyamuttamam||18||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyaṁ śatāvarīghr̥tam)
 
−
 
 
−
ghRutaM shatAvarIgarbhaM kShIre dashaguNe pacet|
 
−
 
 
−
sharkarApippalIkShaudrayuktaM tadvRuShyamuttamam||18||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyaM shatAvarIghRutam)
 
−
 
 
−
Ghee prepared with ''shatavari'', ten times of milk along with sugar, ''pippali'' and honey acts as an excellent virilific.[18]
 
−
 
 
−
===== ''Vrishya Madhuka'' powder formulation =====
 
−
 
 
−
कर्षं मधुकचूर्णस्य घृतक्षौद्रसमांशिकम् [१] |
 
−
 
 
−
प्रयुङ्क्ते यः पयश्चानु [२] नित्यवेगः स ना भवेत्||१९||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वृष्यमधुकयोगः)
 
−
 
 
−
karṣaṁ madhukacūrṇasya ghr̥takṣaudrasamāṁśikam [1] |
 
−
 
 
−
prayuṅktē yaḥ payaścānu [2] nityavēgaḥ sa nā bhavēt||19||
 
 
   
 
   
−
(iti vr̥ṣyamadhukayōgaḥ)
+
The diet, regimen, medicine, and therapies that stimulate spermatogenesis, improve sperm count, decrease spermatic defects, improve sexual desire, vigor, duration of intercourse can be considered as forms of vajikarana therapy.
−
 
 
−
karShaM madhukacUrNasya ghRutakShaudrasamAMshikam [1] |
 
−
 
 
−
prayu~gkte yaH payashcAnu [2] nityavegaH sa nA bhavet||19||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyamadhukayogaH)
 
−
 
 
−
The person, who takes one ''karsha'' of the powder of ''madhuka'' mixed with equal quantity of ghee and honey followed by milk, gets sexual urge every day.[19]
 
−
 
 
−
===== Factors influencing virility =====
 
−
 
 
−
घृतक्षीराशनो निर्भीर्निर्व्याधिर्नित्यगो युवा|
 
−
 
 
−
सङ्कल्पप्रवणो नित्यं नरः स्त्रीषु वृषायते||२०||
 
−
 
 
−
कृतैककृत्याः सिद्धार्था ये चान्योऽन्यानुवर्तिनः|
 
−
 
 
−
कलासु कुशलास्तुल्याः सत्त्वेन वयसा च ये||२१||
 
−
 
 
−
कुलमाहात्म्यदाक्षिण्यशीलशौचसमन्विताः|
 
−
 
 
−
ये कामनित्या ये हृष्टा ये विशोका गतव्यथाः||२२||
 
−
 
 
−
ये तुल्यशीला ये भक्ता ये प्रिया ये प्रियंवदाः|
 
−
 
 
−
तैर्नरः सह विस्रब्धः सुवयस्यैर्वृषायते||२३||
 
−
 
 
−
अभ्यङ्गोत्सादनस्नानगन्धमाल्यविभूषणैः|
 
−
 
 
−
गृहशय्यासनसुखैर्वासोभिरहतैः प्रियैः||२४||
 
−
 
 
−
विहङ्गानां रुतैरिष्टैः स्त्रीणां चाभरणस्वनैः|
 
−
 
 
−
संवाहनैर्वरस्त्रीणामिष्टानां च वृषायते||२५||
 
−
 
 
−
मत्तद्विरेफाचरिताः सपद्माः सलिलाशयाः|
 
−
 
 
−
जात्युत्पलसुगन्धीनि शीतगर्भगृहणि च||२६||
 
−
 
 
−
नद्यः फेनोत्तरीयाश्च गिरयो नीलसानवः|
 
−
 
 
−
उन्नतिर्नीलमेघानां, रम्यचन्द्रोदया निशाः||२७||
 
−
 
 
−
वायवः सुखसंस्पर्शाः कुमुदाकरगन्धिनः|
 
  
−
रतिभोगक्षमा रात्र्यः  सङ्कोचागुरुवल्लभाः||२८||
+
==Current researches==
  
−
सुखाः सहायाः परपुष्टघुष्टाः फुल्ला वनान्ता विशदान्नपानाः|
+
Research studies are carried out on role of herbs on increasing sexual desire and aphrodisiac effect. This is elaborately discussed in the chapter of Vajikarana of Charak Samhita. Some notes are provided additionally in this article.
  
−
गान्धर्वशब्दाश्च सुगन्धयोगाः सत्त्वं विशालं निरुपद्रवं च||२९||
+
===Anti-oxidants===
−
 
 
−
सिद्धार्थता चाभिनवश्च कामः स्त्री चायुधं सर्वमिहात्मजस्य|
 
−
 
 
−
वयो नवं जातमदश्च कालो हर्षस्य योनिः परमा नराणाम्||३०||
 
−
 
 
−
ghr̥takṣīrāśanō nirbhīrnirvyādhirnityagō yuvā|
 
−
 
 
−
saṅkalpapravaṇō nityaṁ naraḥ strīṣu vr̥ṣāyatē||20||
 
−
 
 
−
kr̥taikakr̥tyāḥ siddhārthā yē cānyō'nyānuvartinaḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
kalāsu kuśalāstulyāḥ sattvēna vayasā ca yē||21||
 
−
 
 
−
kulamāhātmyadākṣiṇyaśīlaśaucasamanvitāḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
yē kāmanityā yē hr̥ṣṭā yē viśōkā gatavyathāḥ||22||
 
−
 
 
−
yē tulyaśīlā yē bhaktā yē priyā yē priyaṁvadāḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
tairnaraḥ saha visrabdhaḥ suvayasyairvr̥ṣāyatē||23||
 
−
 
 
−
abhyaṅgōtsādanasnānagandhamālyavibhūṣaṇaiḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
gr̥haśayyāsanasukhairvāsōbhirahataiḥ priyaiḥ||24||
 
−
 
 
−
vihaṅgānāṁ rutairiṣṭaiḥ strīṇāṁ cābharaṇasvanaiḥ|
 
 
   
 
   
−
saṁvāhanairvarastrīṇāmiṣṭānāṁ ca vr̥ṣāyatē||25||
+
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) cause oxidative stress leading to idiopathic male infertility and sexual dysfunction. The oxidative stress may also lead to sperm DNA damage which has negative impact over reproductive outcome. By reducing oxidative stress, the natural antioxidants significantly increase sperm motility and sperm counts in infertile men. Mucuna pruriens (kapikacchu), Tribulus terrestris (gokshura) and Withania somnifera (ashwagandha)  enhance the sexual function by increasing testosterone levels and regulating nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) and nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor (Nrf2) signaling pathways. It also decreases the ROS levels.<ref name=sahink>Sahin K, Tuzcu M, Orhan C, Gencoglu H, Sahin N, Akdemir F, Turk G, Yilmaz I, Juturu V. MAT, a Novel Polyherbal Aphrodisiac Formulation, Enhances Sexual Function and Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway While Reducing Oxidative Damage in Male Rats. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Apr 29;2018:8521782. doi: 10.1155/2018/8521782. PMID: 29853975; PMCID: PMC5949178.</ref>
  
−
mattadvirēphācaritāḥ sapadmāḥ salilāśayāḥ|
+
In an experimental study, Mucuna pruriens (kapikacchu), Tribulus terrestris (gokshura) and Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) combination showed increase in weight of seminal vesicles and ventral prostate of rats. The sperm motility and sperm counts were also increased by 30 -40% than the control group. FSH, LH, and testosterone levels were also improved. Lowest levels of serum and testicular tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) were found in trial group. MDA is an end product of ROS mediated lipid peroxidation. NF-kB levels were also found to be lowest in the group treated with the above medicines.<ref name=sahink/>
  
−
jātyutpalasugandhīni śītagarbhagr̥haṇi ca||26||
+
Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) is found effective in stress-induced sexual disorders in rat models. It produces a gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) like effect and prevents the overstimulation of nerve cells. It reduces the cortisol levels to bring calming effect.<ref name=mamidi>Mamidi P, Thakar AB. Efficacy of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal. Linn.) in the management of psychogenic erectile dysfunction. Ayu. 2011 Jul;32(3):322-8. doi: 10.4103/0974-8520.93907. PMID: 22529644; PMCID: PMC3326875.</ref>
−
 
−
nadyaḥ phēnōttarīyāśca girayō nīlasānavaḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
unnatirnīlamēghānāṁ, ramyacandrōdayā niśāḥ||27||
 
−
 
 
−
vāyavaḥ sukhasaṁsparśāḥ kumudākaragandhinaḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
ratibhōgakṣamā rātryaḥ [1] saṅkōcāguruvallabhāḥ||28||
 
−
 
 
−
sukhāḥ sahāyāḥ parapuṣṭaghuṣṭāḥ phullā vanāntā viśadānnapānāḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
gāndharvaśabdāśca sugandhayōgāḥ sattvaṁ viśālaṁ nirupadravaṁ ca||29||
 
−
 
 
−
siddhārthatā cābhinavaśca kāmaḥ strī cāyudhaṁ sarvamihātmajasya|
 
−
 
 
−
vayō navaṁ jātamadaśca kālō harṣasya yōniḥ paramā narāṇām||30||
 
−
 
 
−
ghRutakShIrAshano nirbhIrnirvyAdhirnityago yuvA|
 
−
 
 
−
sa~gkalpapravaNo nityaM naraH strIShu vRuShAyate||20||
 
−
 
 
−
kRutaikakRutyAH siddhArthA ye cAnyo~anyAnuvartinaH|
 
−
 
 
−
kalAsu kushalAstulyAH sattvena vayasA ca ye||21||
 
−
 
 
−
kulamAhAtmyadAkShiNyashIlashaucasamanvitAH|
 
−
 
 
−
ye kAmanityA ye hRuShTA ye vishokA gatavyathAH||22||
 
−
 
 
−
ye tulyashIlA ye bhaktA ye priyA ye priyaMvadAH|
 
−
 
 
−
tairnaraH saha visrabdhaH suvayasyairvRuShAyate||23||
 
−
 
 
−
abhya~ggotsAdanasnAnagandhamAlyavibhUShaNaiH|
 
−
 
 
−
gRuhashayyAsanasukhairvAsobhirahataiH priyaiH||24||
 
−
 
 
−
viha~ggAnAM rutairiShTaiH strINAM cAbharaNasvanaiH|
 
−
 
 
−
saMvAhanairvarastrINAmiShTAnAM ca vRuShAyate||25||
 
−
 
 
−
mattadvirephAcaritAH sapadmAH salilAshayAH|
 
−
 
 
−
jAtyutpalasugandhIni shItagarbhagRuhaNi ca||26||
 
−
 
 
−
nadyaH phenottarIyAshca girayo nIlasAnavaH|
 
−
 
 
−
unnatirnIlameghAnAM, ramyacandrodayA nishAH||27||
 
−
 
 
−
vAyavaH sukhasaMsparshAH kumudAkaragandhinaH|
 
  
−
ratibhogakShamA rAtryaH [1] sa~gkocAguruvallabhAH||28||
+
===Effect of therapeutic purgation ([[virechana]]) in infertility due to oligozoospermia===
  
−
sukhAH sahAyAH parapuShTaghuShTAH phullA vanAntA vishadAnnapAnAH|
+
In a study, cow’s ghee was administered after therapeutic purgation ([[virechana]]) in 32 infertile patients with oligozoospermia. It showed 80% increase in total sperm count, 41% increase in sperm motility, 12.58% increase in the normal form of sperm, and 45.22% increase in semen volume. It also showed 41.69% decrease in abnormal forms of sperms. An increase in FSH, LH and testosterone levels is reported after the treatment. Improvement in generalized debility, sexual weakness, sexual desire, erectile dysfunction, frequency, and duration of coitus was observed. Ghee possesses anti-oxidant properties as it contains abundant amounts of Vit A and E.<ref name=varsakiya>Varsakiya JN, Goyal M, Thakar A, Donga S, Kathad D. Efficacy of Virechana (therapeutic purgation) followed by Go-Ghrita (cow ghee) in the management of Ksheena Shukra (oligozoospermia): A clinical study. AYU 2019;40:27-33.</ref>
  
−
gAndharvashabdAshca sugandhayogAH sattvaM vishAlaM nirupadravaM ca||29||
+
===Effect of asafoetida===
−
 
 
−
siddhArthatA cAbhinavashca kAmaH strI cAyudhaM sarvamihAtmajasya|
 
−
 
 
−
vayo navaM jAtamadashca kAlo harShasya yoniH paramA narANAm||30||
 
−
 
 
−
A person who takes ghee and milk, who is fearless and free from diseases and who indulges in sexual activity everyday, who is youthful and who has determination, gets sex vigor with women.
 
−
 
 
−
The man who has friends with similar profession, who have accomplished their objectives, who are attached to each other, skilled in fine arts, similar in mind and age, who have noble lineage, expertise, good conduct, and purity, who are ever desirous of enjoyment and are excited, free from grief and pain, who have similar conduct, who have lovable and pleasant disposition as well as speech, such a man gets increased virility. A man’s virility gets stimulated by inunction, dry massage, bath, use of scents, garlands ornaments, comfortable home, bed and seats new and pleasant clothes, pleasing sounds of birds, tinkling sounds of the ornaments of the women and ''samvahana'' (gentle massage without using any substance) by beautiful women.
 
−
 
 
−
Big ponds with lotus flowers frequented by honey-intoxicated bees, fragrances of jasmines and blue lotuses and underground rooms which are cold, rivers with waves of foam, mountains with blue peaks, onset of dark clouds, pleasant moonlit nights, pleasant wind with smell of the pond full of ''kumuda'' (water lily), nights that are agreeable for sexual enjoyment, women smeared with saffron and ''aguru'', pleasing companions, rich cooing of the cuckoo bird, gardens in bloom, pleasing food and drinks, musical sounds, perfumed articles, broad mind and free from anxiety, accomplishment of the objective, freshly initiated love and women- these are the weapons of cupid (the god of sex) at the start of youth, sexual excitement, and pleasing times are excellent erotic factors for men.[20-30]
 
−
 
 
−
===== Summary =====
 
−
 
 
−
तत्र श्लोकः-
 
−
 
 
−
प्रहर्षयोनयो योगा व्याख्याता दश पञ्च च|
 
−
 
 
−
माषपर्णभृतीयेऽस्मिन् पादे शुक्रबलप्रदाः [२] ||३१||
 
−
 
 
−
tatra ślōkaḥ-
 
−
 
 
−
praharṣayōnayō yōgā vyākhyātā daśa pañca ca|
 
−
 
 
−
māṣaparṇabhr̥tīyē'smin pādē śukrabalapradāḥ [2] ||31||
 
 
   
 
   
−
tatra shlokaH-
+
Asafoetida in low dose improves the viability, motility, count and morphology of sperms. In higher doses it may have adverse action. In a study, rats treated with asafoetida showed significant increase in epididymal sperm count. Improvement in sperm morphology and viability was reported. Mobility of sperms was found to decrease after treating with asafoetida. Histological study shows an increase in germ cells and signs of spermatogenesis.<ref name=bagheri>Bagheri SM, Yadegari M, Porentezari M, Mirjalili A, Hasanpor A, Dashti RM, et al. Effect of Ferula assa-foetidaoleo gum resin on spermatic parameters and testicular histopathology in male wistar rats. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2015;6:175-80.</ref> It may have a stimulant action on spermatogenesis.
−
 
 
−
praharShayonayo yogA vyAkhyAtA dasha pa~jca ca|
 
−
 
 
−
mAShaparNabhRutIye~asmin pAde shukrabalapradAH [2] ||31||
 
−
 
 
−
In this sub-section on ''Mashaparnabhritiya'', fifteen preparations for virilification which also promote semen as well as strength, have been described.
 
−
 
 
−
====IV - ''Pumanjatabaladiko Vajikarana pada'' ====
 
−
 
 
−
अथातः पुमाञ्जातबलादिकं वाजीकरणपादं व्याख्यास्यामः||१||
 
−
 
 
−
इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||
 
−
 
 
−
athātaḥ pumāñjātabalādikaṁ vājīkaraṇapādaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1||
 
−
 
 
−
iti ha smāha bhagavānātrēyaḥ||2||
 
−
 
 
−
athAtaH pumA~jjAtabalAdikaM vAjIkaraNapAdaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH||1||
 
−
 
 
−
iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||
 
−
 
 
−
We shall now expound the fourth quarter entitled ''Pumana jata Baladika'' on the Virilification. Thus said Lord Atreya.[1-2]
 
−
 
 
−
===== Variables in virility =====
 
−
 
 
−
पुमान् यथा जातबलो यावदिच्छं स्त्रियो व्रजेत्|
 
−
 
 
−
यथा चापत्यवान् सद्यो भवेत्तदुपदेक्ष्यते||३||
 
−
 
 
−
न हि जातबलाः सर्वे नराश्चापत्यभागिनः|
 
−
 
 
−
बृहच्छरीरा बलिनः सन्ति नारीषु दुर्बलाः||४||
 
−
 
 
−
सन्ति चाल्पाश्रयाः [१] स्त्रीषु बलवन्तो बहुप्रजाः|
 
−
 
 
−
प्रकृत्या चाबलाः सन्ति सन्ति चामयदुर्बलाः||५||
 
−
 
 
−
नराश्चटकवत् केचिद् व्रजन्ति बहुशः स्त्रियम्|
 
−
 
 
−
गजवच्च प्रसिञ्चन्ति केचिन्न बहुगामिनः||६||
 
−
 
 
−
कालयोगबलाः केचित् केचिदभ्यसनध्रुवाः|
 
−
 
 
−
केचित् प्रयत्नैर्व्यज्यन्ते [२] वृषाः केचित् स्वभावतः||७||
 
−
 
 
−
तस्मात् प्रयोगान् वक्ष्यामो दुर्बलानां बलप्रदान्|
 
−
 
 
−
सुखोपभोगान् बलिनां भूयश्च बलवर्धनान्||८||
 
−
 
 
−
पूर्वं शुद्धशरीराणां निरूहैः [३] सानुवासनैः|
 
−
 
 
−
बलापेक्षी प्रयुञ्जीत शुक्रापत्यविवर्धनान्||९||
 
−
 
 
−
घृततैलरसक्षीरशर्करामधुसंयुताः|
 
−
 
 
−
बस्तयः संविधातव्याः क्षीरमांसरसाशिनाम्||१०||
 
−
 
 
−
pumān yathā jātabalō yāvadicchaṁ striyō vrajēt|
 
−
 
 
−
yathā cāpatyavān sadyō bhavēttadupadēkṣyatē||3||
 
−
 
 
−
na hi jātabalāḥ sarvē narāścāpatyabhāginaḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
br̥haccharīrā balinaḥ santi nārīṣu durbalāḥ||4||
 
−
 
 
−
santi cālpāśrayāḥ [1] strīṣu balavantō bahuprajāḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
prakr̥tyā cābalāḥ santi santi cāmayadurbalāḥ||5||
 
−
 
 
−
narāścaṭakavat kēcid vrajanti bahuśaḥ striyam|
 
−
 
 
−
gajavacca prasiñcanti kēcinna bahugāminaḥ||6||
 
−
 
 
−
kālayōgabalāḥ kēcit kēcidabhyasanadhruvāḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
kēcit prayatnairvyajyantē [2] vr̥ṣāḥ kēcit svabhāvataḥ||7||
 
−
 
 
−
tasmāt prayōgān vakṣyāmō durbalānāṁ balapradān|
 
−
 
 
−
sukhōpabhōgān balināṁ bhūyaśca balavardhanān||8||
 
−
 
 
−
pūrvaṁ śuddhaśarīrāṇāṁ nirūhaiḥ [3] sānuvāsanaiḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
balāpēkṣī prayuñjīta śukrāpatyavivardhanān||9||
 
−
 
 
−
ghr̥tatailarasakṣīraśarkarāmadhusaṁyutāḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
bastayaḥ saṁvidhātavyāḥ kṣīramāṁsarasāśinām||10||
 
−
 
 
−
pumAn yathA jAtabalo yAvadicchaM striyo vrajet|
 
−
 
 
−
yathA cApatyavAn sadyo bhavettadupadekShyate||3||
 
−
 
 
−
na hi jAtabalAH sarve narAshcApatyabhAginaH|
 
−
 
 
−
bRuhaccharIrA balinaH santi nArIShu durbalAH||4||
 
−
 
 
−
santi cAlpAshrayAH [1] strIShu balavanto bahuprajAH|
 
−
 
 
−
prakRutyA cAbalAH santi santi cAmayadurbalAH||5||
 
−
 
 
−
narAshcaTakavat kecid vrajanti bahushaH striyam|
 
−
 
 
−
gajavacca prasi~jcanti kecinna bahugAminaH||6||
 
−
 
 
−
kAlayogabalAH kecit kecidabhyasanadhruvAH|
 
−
 
 
−
kecit prayatnairvyajyante [2] vRuShAH kecit svabhAvataH||7||
 
−
 
 
−
tasmAt prayogAn vakShyAmo durbalAnAM balapradAn|
 
−
 
 
−
sukhopabhogAn balinAM bhUyashca balavardhanAn||8||
 
−
 
 
−
pUrvaM shuddhasharIrANAM nirUhaiH [3] sAnuvAsanaiH|
 
−
 
 
−
balApekShI prayu~jjIta shukrApatyavivardhanAn||9||
 
−
 
 
−
ghRutatailarasakShIrasharkarAmadhusaMyutAH|
 
−
 
 
−
bastayaH saMvidhAtavyAH kShIramAMsarasAshinAm||10||
 
−
 
 
−
Now we shall describe how a man whose virility has been enhanced is enabled to have sexual intercourse with women to get the progeny very soon.
 
−
 
 
−
It is not that all men possessing physical strength get their progeny soon. There are persons who are great in body built and strength, but are very weak for sexual activities.
 
−
 
 
−
There are some persons who are lean and thin in body built but are sexually very strong and have many children. There are some persons who are weak by nature and some have become weak due to diseases.
 
−
 
 
−
There are some persons who indulge in sex very frequently like a sparrow and some others who are not mating frequently but ejaculate huge amount of semen during sexual activity.
 
−
 
 
−
There are some persons who get their sexual vitality at a particular season, some get because of regular habit, some by taking virilific preparations, and some are virile by nature. 
 
−
 
 
−
Therefore, some preparations are mentioned here, which invigorate the infirm and which increase the virility of the strong and enhance their enjoyment.
 
−
 
 
−
Firstly, the person should be purified by the administration of ''niruha'' and ''anuvasana'' types of enema and after that, semen and progeny promoting preparations should be administered.
 
−
 
 
−
To the persons, enema prepared from ghee, oil, meat juice, milk, sugar and honey should be administered. During this therapy, the person shall consume milk and meat juice [3-10]
 
−
 
 
−
===== ''Vrishya Mamsa Gutika'' =====
 
−
 
 
−
पिष्ट्वा वराहमांसानि दत्त्वा मरिचसैन्धवे|
 
−
 
 
−
कोलवद्गुलिकाः कृत्वा तप्ते सर्पिषि वर्तयेत् [१] ||११||
 
−
 
 
−
वर्तनस्तम्भितास्ताश्च [२] प्रक्षेप्याः कौक्कुटे रसे|
 
−
 
 
−
घृताढ्ये गन्धपिशुने दधिदाडिमसारिके||१२||
 
−
 
 
−
यथा न भिन्द्याद्गुलि(टि)कास्तथा तं साधयेद्रसम्|
 
−
 
 
−
तं पिबन् भक्षयंस्ताश्च लभते शुक्रमक्षयम्||१३||
 
−
 
 
−
मांसानामेवमन्येषां मेद्यानां कारयेद्भिषक्|
 
−
 
 
−
गुटिकाः सरसास्तासं प्रयोगः शुक्रवर्धनः||१४||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वृष्या मांसगुटिकाः)
 
−
 
 
−
piṣṭvā varāhamāṁsāni dattvā maricasaindhavē|
 
−
 
 
−
kōlavadgulikāḥ kr̥tvā taptē sarpiṣi vartayēt [1] ||11||
 
−
 
 
−
vartanastambhitāstāśca [2] prakṣēpyāḥ kaukkuṭē rasē|
 
−
 
 
−
ghr̥tāḍhyē gandhapiśunē dadhidāḍimasārikē||12||
 
−
 
 
−
yathā na bhindyādguli(ṭi)kāstathā taṁ sādhayēdrasam|
 
−
 
 
−
taṁ piban bhakṣayaṁstāśca labhatē śukramakṣayam||13||
 
−
 
 
−
māṁsānāmēvamanyēṣāṁ mēdyānāṁ kārayēdbhiṣak|
 
−
 
 
−
guṭikāḥ sarasāstāsaṁ prayōgaḥ śukravardhanaḥ||14||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyā māṁsaguṭikāḥ)
 
−
 
 
−
piShTvA varAhamAMsAni dattvA maricasaindhave|
 
−
 
 
−
kolavadgulikAH kRutvA tapte sarpiShi vartayet [1] ||11||
 
−
 
 
−
vartanastambhitAstAshca [2] prakShepyAH kaukkuTe rase|
 
−
 
 
−
ghRutADhye gandhapishune dadhidADimasArike||12||
 
−
 
 
−
yathA na bhindyAdguli(Ti)kAstathA taM sAdhayedrasam|
 
−
 
 
−
taM piban bhakShayaMstAshca labhate shukramakShayam||13||
 
−
 
 
−
mAMsAnAmevamanyeShAM medyAnAM kArayedbhiShak|
 
−
 
 
−
guTikAH sarasAstAsaM prayogaH shukravardhanaH||14||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyA mAMsaguTikAH)
 
−
 
 
−
Pork should be made to a paste and mix it with black pepper and rock salt, and after that pills of size of a ''kola'', should be prepared and fried in ghee. On becoming hard by frying, these should be poured in to chicken soup mixed with large amount of ghee and powdered spices, curd and juice of pomegranate. This juice should be cooked with due care so that the pills do not break. By administration of this soup and the pills, the person acquires inexhaustible semen. Similarly, the physician should prepare the meat juice and the pills of the meat of other fatty animals. These recipes are promoters of semen. [11-14]
 
−
 
 
−
===== ''Vrishya Mahisha Rasa'' =====
 
−
 
 
−
माषानङ्कुरिताञ्छुद्धान् वितुषान् साजडाफलान्|
 
−
 
 
−
घृताढ्ये माहिषरसे दधिदाडिमसारिके||१५||
 
−
 
 
−
प्रक्षिपेन्मात्रया युक्तो धान्यजीरकनागरैः|
 
−
 
 
−
भुक्तः पीतश्च स रसः कुरुते शुक्रमक्षयम्||१६||
 
  
−
(इति वृष्यो माहिषरसः)
+
===Syzygium aromaticum===
  
−
māṣānaṅkuritāñchuddhān vituṣān sājaḍāphalān|
+
Lower doses of Syzygium aromaticum have a stimulant effect on spermatogenesis. Its higher dose has an adverse action on male reproductive parameters like count, motility, and morphology of sperms.<ref name=mishrark>Mishra RK, Singh SK. Reproductive effects of lipid soluble components of Syzygium aromaticum flower bud in male mice. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2013;4:94-8.</ref>
  
−
ghr̥tāḍhyē māhiṣarasē dadhidāḍimasārikē||15||
+
===Puga khanda===
  
−
prakṣipēnmātrayā yuktō dhānyajīrakanāgaraiḥ|
+
Puga Khanda, an Ayurvedic formulation, improves the seminal volume, total sperm count, and motility. It also showed improvement in sexual desire, penile erection and penile rigidity. The ingredients like Areca catechu, Asparagus racemosus, Pueraria tuberosa, Tribulus terrestris, cow’s milk, ghee have aphrodisiac and antioxidant properties.<ref name=baragi>Baragi PC, Bhat S, Prajapati PK, Baragi UC. Clinical evaluation of V.r.sya effect of Pūga Kha.n.da on sexual health and seminal parameters. Ancient Sci Life 2013;32:134-8.</ref>
  
−
bhuktaḥ pītaśca sa rasaḥ kurutē śukramakṣayam||16||
+
===Ficus religiosa===
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyō māhiṣarasaḥ)
 
−
 
 
−
mAShAna~gkuritA~jchuddhAn vituShAn sAjaDAphalAn|
 
−
 
 
−
ghRutADhye mAhiSharase dadhidADimasArike||15||
 
−
 
 
−
prakShipenmAtrayA yukto dhAnyajIrakanAgaraiH|
 
−
 
 
−
bhuktaH pItashca sa rasaH kurute shukramakShayam||16||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyo mAhiSharasaH)
 
−
 
 
−
Clean, husked and sprouted grains of ''masha'' should be mixed with the fruits of ''ajada'' and after that these should be added to the soup of meat of buffalo, mixed with large amount of ghee, curd and juice of the pomegranate, coriander, cumin seeds and ginger in appropriate quantity. This potion should be administered to produce inexhaustible semen. [15-16]
 
−
 
 
−
===== ''Vrishya Matsya-Mamsa'' =====
 
−
 
 
−
आर्द्राणि मत्स्यमांसानि शफरीर्वा सुभार्जिताः|
 
−
 
 
−
तप्ते सर्पिषि यः खादेत् स गच्छेत् स्त्रीषु न क्षयम्||१७||
 
−
 
 
−
घृतभृष्टान् रसे च्छागे रोहितान् फलसारिके|
 
−
 
 
−
अनुपीतरसान् स्निग्धानपत्यार्थी प्रयोजयेत्||१८||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वृष्यघृतभृष्टमत्स्यमांसानि)
 
−
 
 
−
ārdrāṇi matsyamāṁsāni śapharīrvā subhārjitāḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
taptē sarpiṣi yaḥ khādēt sa gacchēt strīṣu na kṣayam||17||
 
−
 
 
−
ghr̥tabhr̥ṣṭān rasē cchāgē rōhitān phalasārikē|
 
−
 
 
−
anupītarasān snigdhānapatyārthī prayōjayēt||18||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyaghr̥tabhr̥ṣṭamatsyamāṁsāni)
 
−
 
 
−
ArdrANi matsyamAMsAni shapharIrvA subhArjitAH|
 
−
 
 
−
tapte sarpiShi yaH khAdet sa gacchet strIShu na kShayam||17||
 
−
 
 
−
ghRutabhRuShTAn rase cchAge rohitAn phalasArike|
 
−
 
 
−
anupItarasAn snigdhAnapatyArthI prayojayet||18||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyaghRutabhRuShTamatsyamAMsAni)
 
−
 
 
−
Fresh fish and meat or ''shaphari'' (a type of fish), well fried in ghee, when administered, the person doesn’t get tired in the sex act. One, who is desirous of progeny, should take the ''rohita'' fish, fried in ghee and mixed with the soup of meat of goat and the juice of fruits. After that unctuous soup should be taken by the person.[17-18]
 
−
 
 
−
===== ''Vrishya Pupalika'' =====
 
−
 
 
−
कुट्टकं [१] मत्स्यमांसानां हिङ्गुसैन्धवधान्यकैः|
 
−
 
 
−
युक्तं गोधूमचूर्णेन घृते पूपलिकाः पचेत्||१९||
 
−
 
 
−
माहिषे च रसे मत्स्यान् स्निग्धाम्ललवणान् पचेत्|
 
−
 
 
−
रसे चानुगते मांसं पोथयेत्तत्र चावपेत्||२०||
 
−
 
 
−
मरिचं जीरकं धान्यमल्पं हिङ्गु नवं घृतम्|
 
−
 
 
−
माषपूपलिकानां तद्गर्भार्थमुपकल्पयेत्||२१||
 
−
 
 
−
एतौ पूपलिकायोगौ बृंहणौ बलवर्धनौ|
 
−
 
 
−
हर्षसौभाग्यदौ पुत्र्यौ परं शुक्राभिवर्धनौ||२२||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वृष्यौ पूपलिकायोगौ)
 
−
 
 
−
kuṭṭakaṁ [1] matsyamāṁsānāṁ hiṅgusaindhavadhānyakaiḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
yuktaṁ gōdhūmacūrṇēna ghr̥tē pūpalikāḥ pacēt||19||
 
−
 
 
−
māhiṣē ca rasē matsyān snigdhāmlalavaṇān pacēt|
 
−
 
 
−
rasē cānugatē māṁsaṁ pōthayēttatra cāvapēt||20||
 
−
 
 
−
maricaṁ jīrakaṁ dhānyamalpaṁ hiṅgu navaṁ ghr̥tam|
 
−
 
 
−
māṣapūpalikānāṁ tadgarbhārthamupakalpayēt||21||
 
−
 
 
−
ētau pūpalikāyōgau br̥ṁhaṇau balavardhanau|
 
−
 
 
−
harṣasaubhāgyadau putryau paraṁ śukrābhivardhanau||22||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyau pūpalikāyōgau)
 
−
 
 
−
kuTTakaM [1] matsyamAMsAnAM hi~ggusaindhavadhAnyakaiH|
 
−
 
 
−
yuktaM godhUmacUrNena ghRute pUpalikAH pacet||19||
 
−
 
 
−
mAhiShe ca rase matsyAn snigdhAmlalavaNAn pacet|
 
−
 
 
−
rase cAnugate mAMsaM pothayettatra cAvapet||20||
 
−
 
 
−
maricaM jIrakaM dhAnyamalpaM hi~ggu navaM ghRutam|
 
−
 
 
−
mAShapUpalikAnAM tadgarbhArthamupakalpayet||21||
 
−
 
 
−
etau pUpalikAyogau bRuMhaNau balavardhanau|
 
−
 
 
−
harShasaubhAgyadau putryau paraM shukrAbhivardhanau||22||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyau pUpalikAyogau)
 
−
 
 
−
Paste of flesh of fish mixed with ''hingu, saindhava, dhanyaka'' and wheat flour should be cooked in ghee to prepare the ''pupalika''.
 
−
 
 
−
Unctuous, sour and salted fish should be boiled in flesh juice of buffalo; when juice evaporates, the meat should be made to a paste and after that ''maricha, jiraka, dhanyaka'' and small quantity of ''hingu'' and fresh ghee should be mixed, this should be stuffed with in the ''pupalikas'' of ''masha''.
 
−
 
 
−
These two ''pupalikas'' are nourishing, strength giving, virilific, auspicious, and promotive of progeny and semen.[19-22]
 
−
 
 
−
माषात्मगुप्तागोधूमशालिषष्टिकपैष्टिकम्|
 
−
 
 
−
शर्कराया विदार्याश्च चूर्णमिक्षुरकस्य च||२३||
 
−
 
 
−
संयोज्य मसृणे क्षीरे घृते पूपलिकाः पचेत्|
 
−
 
 
−
पयोऽनुपानास्ताः शीघ्रं कुर्वन्ति वृषतां पराम्||२४||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वृष्या माषादिपूपलिकाः)
 
−
 
 
−
शर्करायास्तुलैका स्यादेका गव्यस्य सर्पिषः|
 
−
 
 
−
प्रस्थो विदार्याश्चूर्णस्य पिप्पल्याः प्रस्थ एव च||२५||
 
−
 
 
−
अर्धाढकं तुगाक्षीर्याः क्षौद्रस्याभिनवस्य च|
 
−
 
 
−
तत्सर्वं मूर्च्छितं तिष्ठेन्मार्तिके घृतभाजने||२६||
 
−
 
 
−
मात्रामग्निसमां तस्य प्रातः प्रातः प्रयोजयेत्|
 
−
 
 
−
एष वृष्यः परं योगो बल्यो बृंहण एव च||२७||
 
−
 
 
−
māṣātmaguptāgōdhūmaśāliṣaṣṭikapaiṣṭikam|
 
−
 
 
−
śarkarāyā vidāryāśca cūrṇamikṣurakasya ca||23||
 
−
 
 
−
saṁyōjya masr̥ṇē kṣīrē ghr̥tē pūpalikāḥ pacēt|
 
−
 
 
−
payō'nupānāstāḥ śīghraṁ kurvanti vr̥ṣatāṁ parām||24||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyā māṣādipūpalikāḥ)śarkarāyāstulaikā syādēkā gavyasya sarpiṣaḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
prasthō vidāryāścūrṇasya pippalyāḥ prastha ēva ca||25||
 
−
 
 
−
ardhāḍhakaṁ tugākṣīryāḥ kṣaudrasyābhinavasya ca|
 
−
 
 
−
tatsarvaṁ mūrcchitaṁ tiṣṭhēnmārtikē ghr̥tabhājanē||26||
 
−
 
 
−
mātrāmagnisamāṁ tasya prātaḥ prātaḥ prayōjayēt|
 
−
 
 
−
ēṣa vr̥ṣyaḥ paraṁ yōgō balyō br̥ṁhaṇa ēva ca||27||
 
−
 
 
−
mAShAtmaguptAgodhUmashAliShaShTikapaiShTikam|
 
−
 
 
−
sharkarAyA vidAryAshca cUrNamikShurakasya ca||23||
 
−
 
 
−
saMyojya masRuNe kShIre ghRute pUpalikAH pacet|
 
−
 
 
−
payo~anupAnAstAH shIghraM kurvanti vRuShatAM parAm||24||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyA mAShAdipUpalikAH)sharkarAyAstulaikA syAdekA gavyasya sarpiShaH|
 
−
 
 
−
prastho vidAryAshcUrNasya pippalyAH prastha eva ca||25||
 
−
 
 
−
ardhADhakaM tugAkShIryAH kShaudrasyAbhinavasya ca|
 
−
 
 
−
tatsarvaM mUrcchitaM tiShThenmArtike ghRutabhAjane||26||
 
−
 
 
−
mAtrAmagnisamAM tasya prAtaH prAtaH prayojayet|
 
−
 
 
−
eSha vRuShyaH paraM yogo balyo bRuMhaNa eva ca||27||
 
−
 
 
−
Powdered ''masha, atmagupta, shali, sharkara, vidari, ikshuraka'' should be mixed with thick milk and boiled in ghee for the preparation of ''pupalika'' (like pan cake). On administration, these ''pupalika'' followed by milk, the man instantaneously gets excellent vigor.
 
−
 
 
−
One ''tula'' of each of sugar and cow’s ghee, one ''prastha'' of each of the powder of ''vidari'' and ''pippali'' and half ''adhaka'' each of ''tugakshiri'' and fresh honey should be mixed and preserved in earthen jar lined with ghee. This potion should be taken in appropriate quantity every morning depending up on the digestive power. This preparation is an excellent virilific, strengthener and roborant.[23-27]
 
−
 
 
−
===== ''Apatyakara Ghrita'' =====
 
−
 
 
−
शतावर्या विदार्याश्च तथा माषात्मगुप्तयोः|
 
−
 
 
−
श्वदंष्ट्रायाश्च निष्क्वाथाञ्जलेषु [१] च पृथक् पृथक्||२८||
 
−
 
 
−
साधयित्वा घृतप्रस्थं पयस्यष्टगुणे पुनः|
 
−
 
 
−
शर्करामधुयुक्तं तदपत्यार्थी प्रयोजयेत्||२९||
 
−
 
 
−
(इत्यपत्यकरं घृतम्)
 
−
 
 
−
śatāvaryā vidāryāśca tathā māṣātmaguptayōḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
śvadaṁṣṭrāyāśca niṣkvāthāñjalēṣu [1] ca pr̥thak pr̥thak||28||
 
−
 
 
−
sādhayitvā ghr̥taprasthaṁ payasyaṣṭaguṇē punaḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
śarkarāmadhuyuktaṁ tadapatyārthī prayōjayēt||29||
 
−
 
 
−
(ityapatyakaraṁ ghr̥tam)
 
−
 
 
−
shatAvaryA vidAryAshca tathA mAShAtmaguptayoH|
 
−
 
 
−
shvadaMShTrAyAshca niShkvAthA~jjaleShu [1] ca pRuthak pRuthak||28||
 
−
 
 
−
sAdhayitvA ghRutaprasthaM payasyaShTaguNe punaH|
 
−
 
 
−
sharkarAmadhuyuktaM tadapatyArthI prayojayet||29||
 
−
 
 
−
(ityapatyakaraM ghRutam)
 
−
 
 
−
Decoction of ''shatavari, vidari, masha, atmagupta'' and ''shwadamstra'' by boiling them separately in water should be prepared. Along with this decoction, one ''prastha'' of ghee should be boiled with eight times of milk. This ghee should be mixed with sugar and honey. This should be taken by the person who is desirous of progeny.[28-29]
 
−
 
 
−
===== ''Vrishya Gutika'' =====
 
−
 
 
−
घृतपात्रं शतगुणे विदारीस्वरसे पचेत्|
 
−
 
 
−
सिद्धं पुनः शतगुणे गव्ये पयसि साधयेत्||३०||
 
−
 
 
−
शर्करायास्तुगाक्षीर्यां क्षौद्रस्येक्षुरकस्य च|
 
−
 
 
−
पिप्पल्याः साजडायाश्च भागैः पादांशिकैर्युतम्||३१||
 
−
 
 
−
गुलि(टि)काः कारयेद्वैद्यो यथा स्थुलमुदुम्बरम्|
 
−
 
 
−
तासां प्रयोगात् पुरुषः कुलिङ्ग इव हृष्यति||३२||
 
−
 
 
−
(इति वृष्यगुटिकाः)
 
−
 
 
−
ghr̥tapātraṁ śataguṇē vidārīsvarasē pacēt|
 
−
 
 
−
siddhaṁ punaḥ śataguṇē gavyē payasi sādhayēt||30||
 
−
 
 
−
śarkarāyāstugākṣīryāṁ kṣaudrasyēkṣurakasya ca|
 
−
 
 
−
pippalyāḥ sājaḍāyāśca bhāgaiḥ pādāṁśikairyutam||31||
 
−
 
 
−
guli(ṭi)kāḥ kārayēdvaidyō yathā sthulamudumbaram|
 
 
   
 
   
−
tāsāṁ prayōgāt puruṣaḥ kuliṅga iva hr̥ṣyati||32||
+
In a study on 20 patients with oligozoospermia, sperm count and semen volume are significantly increased by administering Ficus religiosa (ashwatha) fruit powder after therapeutic purgation ([[virechana]]).<ref>Varsakiya JN, Goyal M, Thakar A, Patel B. Role of Virechana and Ashwatha Phala Churna in the management of Ksheena Shukra (oligozoospermia): A pilot study. Ayu. 2016 Apr-Jun;37(2):113-119. doi: 10.4103/ayu.AYU_71_15. PMID: 29200749; PMCID: PMC5688833.</ref>
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyaguṭikāḥ)  
 
−
 
 
−
ghRutapAtraM shataguNe vidArIsvarase pacet|
 
−
 
 
−
siddhaM punaH shataguNe gavye payasi sAdhayet||30||
 
−
 
 
−
sharkarAyAstugAkShIryAM kShaudrasyekShurakasya ca|
 
−
 
 
−
pippalyAH sAjaDAyAshca bhAgaiH pAdAMshikairyutam||31||
 
−
 
 
−
guli(Ti)kAH kArayedvaidyo yathA sthulamudumbaram|
 
−
 
 
−
tAsAM prayogAt puruShaH kuli~gga iva hRuShyati||32||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vRuShyaguTikAH)  
 
−
 
 
−
One ''patra'' of ghee should be cooked in 100 times of juice of ''vidari''. After that it should be cooked in with 100 times of cow’s milk. Then it should be mixed with one fourth in quantity of ''sharkara, tugakshiri,'' honey, ''ikshuraka, pippali'' and ''ajada''. The pills of the size of fruit of ''udumbara'' should be made out of this preparation. By taking these pills, the person gets excited like a ''kulinga'' (sparrow).[30-32]
 
−
 
 
−
===== ''Vrishya Utkarika'' =====
 
−
 
 
−
सितोपलापलशतं तदर्धं नवसर्पिषः|
 
−
 
 
−
क्षौद्रपादेन संयुक्तं साधयेज्जलपादिकम्||३३||
 
−
 
 
−
सान्द्रं गोधूमचूर्णानां पादं स्तीर्णे शिलातले|
 
−
 
 
−
शुचौ श्लक्ष्णे समुत्कीर्य मर्दनेनोपपादयेत्||३४||
 
−
 
 
−
शुद्धा उत्कारिकाः कार्यश्चन्द्रमण्डलसन्निभाः|
 
  
−
तासां प्रयोगाद्गजवन्नारीः सन्तर्पयेन्नरः||३५||
+
==List of theses done==
  
−
(इति वृष्योत्कारिका)  
+
#Rajareddy G (1999): A comparative pharmacotherapeutic study of erandamula and kapikacchu bija with special reference to vrsya karma.  Department of Dravyaguna Vigyan. IPGT&RA Jamnagar
 +
#Santosh Bhatted (2002): A comparative study of role of vajeekarana drugs administered orally and by basti in the management of klaibhya with reference to erectile dysfunction. Department of Kayachikitsa. IPGT&RA Jamnagar
 +
#Prakash Mangalasseri (2002): A clinical study of shukragatavata w.s.r to premature ejaculation & its management with Akarakarbhati yoga yapanabasti. Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA  Jamnagar
 +
#Sanjay Gupta (2006): A clinical effect of Baladiyapanabasti and vajikarana yoga in the management of sukradushti w.s.r to oligoasthenozoospermia. Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA  Jamnagar
 +
#Basil Cardozo (2006): A clinical study on physo-somatic management of sukraavritavata (premature ejaculation) with rasayana yoga and shirodhara. Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA  Jamnagar
 +
#Jithesh C Padariya (2010): Effect of pushpadhanva rasa and swayamguptaikshurakbheejachoorna on kshinashukra (oligozoospermia). Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA  Jamnagar
 +
#Nakul A Jethva (2011): A Clinical Study on the Effect of Virechana Karma and Amalaki Rasayana in the Management of Kshinashukra w.s.r. to Oligozoospermia. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA  Jamnagar
 +
#BGSM Sumanasinghe (2016): Experimental evaluation of vrishyakarma (Aphrodisiac activity) of leaf of Clitoria Ternatea Linn. (Aparajita). Department of Dravyaguna Vigyan. IPGT&RA Jamnagar
 +
#Jitendra Varsakiya (2015): A comparative study of Ashwatthaphalachurna and shvetapalanduswarasabhavitayavani in the management of ksheenashukra W.S.R to oligozoospermia. Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA  Jamnagar
 +
#Vasava Ankitkumar Amarsinh (2017): A comparative clinical study of churnaratnam and svaguptadichurna in the management of ksheenashukra W.S.R to oligozoospermia. Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA  Jamnagar
 +
#Nikunj M (2012): A comparative study of vrishyabasti and kulinga (Blepharis edulis) after virechana karma in the management of kshinashukra w.s.r to oligozoospermia. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA  Jamnagar
 +
#Jadav Hasmukh Bhavanbhai (2014): Management of premature ejaculation (shukragatavata) with erandamoolbasti and vanarikalpa- A clinical study. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA  Jamnagar
  
−
sitōpalāpalaśataṁ tadardhaṁ navasarpiṣaḥ|
+
==More information==
−
 
 
−
kṣaudrapādēna saṁyuktaṁ sādhayējjalapādikam||33||
 
−
 
 
−
sāndraṁ gōdhūmacūrṇānāṁ pādaṁ stīrṇē śilātalē|
 
−
 
 
−
śucau ślakṣṇē samutkīrya mardanēnōpapādayēt||34||
 
−
 
 
−
śuddhā utkārikāḥ kāryaścandramaṇḍalasannibhāḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
tāsāṁ prayōgādgajavannārīḥ santarpayēnnaraḥ||35||
 
−
 
 
−
(iti vr̥ṣyōtkārikā)
 
−
 
 
−
sitopalApalashataM tadardhaM navasarpiShaH|
 
−
 
 
−
kShaudrapAdena saMyuktaM sAdhayejjalapAdikam||33||
 
−
 
 
−
sAndraM godhUmacUrNAnAM pAdaM stIrNe shilAtale|
 
−
 
 
−
shucau shlakShNe samutkIrya mardanenopapAdayet||34||
 
−
 
 
−
shuddhA utkArikAH kAryashcandramaNDalasannibhAH|
 
 
   
 
   
−
tAsAM prayogAdgajavannArIH santarpayennaraH||35||
+
[[Vajikarana Adhyaya]], [[Rasayana Adhyaya]]
  
−
(iti vRuShyotkArikA)
+
==Abbreviations==
  
−
One hundred ''palas'' of ''sitopala'', 50 ''palas'' of freshly collected ghee, and 25 ''palas'' of honey should be cooked together with 25 ''palas'' of water till it becomes thickened. After that it should be mixed with 25 ''palas'' of wheat flour and the paste then prepared should be spread over a clean and smooth stone slab. It should be kneaded by repeatedly spreading it. After that, ''utkarikas'' which are round and shining like moon, should be prepared. By taking these ''utkarikas'', man becomes capable of doing sexual act in an elephant’s vigor. [33-35]
+
Cha. = Charak, Su. = Sushruta, A. = Ashtanga, S. = Sangraha, Sha. = Shargadara, Sa. = Samhita.
  
−
===== Description of ''Vrishya'' =====
+
==List of References==
  
−
यत् किञ्चिन्मधुरं स्निग्धं जीवनं बृंहणं गुरु|  
+
The list of references for Vajikarana in Charak Samhita can be seen[[Media:Reference_of_word_Vajikarana_in_Charaka.pdf| here]]
  
−
हर्षणं मनसश्चैव सर्वं तद्वृष्यमुच्यते||३६||  
+
<big>'''[[Special:ContactMe|Send us your suggestions and feedback on this page.]]'''</big>
  
−
द्रव्यैरेवंविधैस्तस्माद्भावितः प्रमदां व्रजेत्|
+
==References==
  
−
आत्मवेगेन चोदीर्णः स्त्रीगुणैश्च प्रहर्षितः||३७||
+
</div>
−
 
 
−
गत्वा स्नात्वा पयः पीत्वा रसं वाऽनु शयीत ना|
 
−
 
 
−
तथाऽस्याप्यायते भूयः शुक्रं च बलमेव च||३८||
 
−
 
 
−
यथा मुकुलपुष्पस्य सु(ख) गन्धो नोपलभ्यते|
 
−
 
 
−
लभ्यते तद्विकाशात्तु तथा शुक्रं हि देहिनाम्||३९||
 
−
 
 
−
नर्ते वै षोडशाद्वर्षात् सप्तत्याः परतो न च|
 
−
 
 
−
आयुष्कामो नरः स्त्रीभिः संयोगं कर्तुमर्हति||४०||
 
−
 
 
−
अतिबालो ह्यसम्पूर्णसर्वधातुः स्त्रियं व्रजन्|
 
−
 
 
−
उपशुष्येत सहसा तडागमिव काजलम्||४१||
 
−
 
 
−
शुष्कं रूक्षं यथा काष्ठं जन्तुदग्धं विजर्जरम्|
 
−
 
 
−
स्पृष्टमाशु विशीर्येत तथा वृद्धः स्त्रियो व्रजन्||४२||
 
−
 
 
−
जरया चिन्तया शुक्रं व्याधिभिः कर्मकर्षणात्|
 
−
 
 
−
क्षयं गच्छत्यनशनात् स्त्रीणां चातिनिषेवणात्||४३||
 
−
 
 
−
क्षयाद्भयादविश्रम्भाच्छोकात् स्त्रीदोषदर्शनात्|
 
−
 
 
−
नारीणामरसज्ञत्वादविचारादसेवनात्||४४||
 
−
 
 
−
तृप्तस्यापि स्त्रियो गन्तुं न शक्तिरुपजायते|
 
−
 
 
−
देहसत्त्वबलापेक्षी हर्षः शक्तिश्च हर्षजा||४५||
 
−
 
 
−
yat kiñcinmadhuraṁ snigdhaṁ jīvanaṁ br̥ṁhaṇaṁ guru|
 
−
 
 
−
harṣaṇaṁ manasaścaiva sarvaṁ tadvr̥ṣyamucyatē||36||
 
−
 
 
−
dravyairēvaṁvidhaistasmādbhāvitaḥ pramadāṁ vrajēt|
 
−
 
 
−
ātmavēgēna cōdīrṇaḥ strīguṇaiśca praharṣitaḥ||37||
 
−
 
 
−
gatvā snātvā payaḥ pītvā rasaṁ vā'nu śayīta nā|
 
−
 
 
−
tathā'syāpyāyatē bhūyaḥ śukraṁ ca balamēva ca||38||
 
−
 
 
−
yathā mukulapuṣpasya su(kha) gandhō nōpalabhyatē|
 
−
 
 
−
labhyatē tadvikāśāttu tathā śukraṁ hi dēhinām||39||
 
−
 
 
−
nartē vai ṣōḍaśādvarṣāt saptatyāḥ paratō na ca|
 
−
 
 
−
āyuṣkāmō naraḥ strībhiḥ saṁyōgaṁ kartumarhati||40||
 
−
 
 
−
atibālō hyasampūrṇasarvadhātuḥ striyaṁ vrajan|
 
−
 
 
−
upaśuṣyēta sahasā taḍāgamiva kājalam||41||
 
−
 
 
−
śuṣkaṁ rūkṣaṁ yathā kāṣṭhaṁ jantudagdhaṁ vijarjaram|
 
−
 
 
−
spr̥ṣṭamāśu viśīryēta tathā vr̥ddhaḥ striyō vrajan||42||
 
−
 
 
−
jarayā cintayā śukraṁ vyādhibhiḥ karmakarṣaṇāt|
 
−
 
 
−
kṣayaṁ gacchatyanaśanāt strīṇāṁ cātiniṣēvaṇāt||43||
 
−
 
 
−
kṣayādbhayādaviśrambhācchōkāt strīdōṣadarśanāt|
 
−
 
 
−
nārīṇāmarasajñatvādavicārādasēvanāt||44||
 
−
 
 
−
tr̥ptasyāpi striyō gantuṁ na śaktirupajāyatē|
 
−
 
 
−
dēhasattvabalāpēkṣī harṣaḥ śaktiśca harṣajā||45||
 
−
 
 
−
yat ki~jcinmadhuraM snigdhaM jIvanaM bRuMhaNaM guru|
 
−
 
−
harShaNaM manasashcaiva sarvaM tadvRuShyamucyate||36||
 
−
 
 
−
dravyairevaMvidhaistasmAdbhAvitaH pramadAM vrajet|
 
−
 
−
Atmavegena codIrNaH strIguNaishca praharShitaH||37||
 
−
 
 
−
gatvA snAtvA payaH pItvA rasaM vA~anu shayIta nA|
 
−
 
 
−
tathA~asyApyAyate bhUyaH shukraM ca balameva ca||38||
 
−
 
 
−
yathA mukulapuShpasya su(kha) gandho nopalabhyate|
 
−
 
 
−
labhyate tadvikAshAttu tathA shukraM hi dehinAm||39||
 
−
 
 
−
narte vai ShoDashAdvarShAt saptatyAH parato na ca|
 
−
 
 
−
AyuShkAmo naraH strIbhiH saMyogaM kartumarhati||40||
 
−
 
 
−
atibAlo hyasampUrNasarvadhAtuH striyaM vrajan|
 
−
 
 
−
upashuShyeta sahasA taDAgamiva kAjalam||41||
 
−
 
 
−
shuShkaM rUkShaM yathA kAShThaM jantudagdhaM vijarjaram|
 
−
 
 
−
spRuShTamAshu vishIryeta tathA vRuddhaH striyo vrajan||42||
 
−
 
 
−
jarayA cintayA shukraM vyAdhibhiH karmakarShaNAt|
 
−
 
 
−
kShayaM gacchatyanashanAt strINAM cAtiniShevaNAt||43||
 
−
 
 
−
kShayAdbhayAdavishrambhAcchokAt strIdoShadarshanAt|
 
−
 
 
−
nArINAmarasaj~jatvAdavicArAdasevanAt||44||
 
−
 
 
−
tRuptasyApi striyo gantuM na shaktirupajAyate|
 
−
 
−
dehasattvabalApekShI harShaH shaktishca harShajA||45||
 
−
 
−
Any article which is sweet, unctuous, life promoting, nourishing and heavy to digest and causing mental excitement, is to be regarded as virilific.
 
−
 
 
−
Therefore, a person, first of all be impregnated with these articles, should approach for his woman. He gets excited by his own urge and also by the erotic attributes of the woman. After the sex act, the man should take bath and drink milk or meat juice and then go to sleep. By doing this, his semen and strength get replenished.
 
−
 
 
−
An unblossomed bud does not possess fragrance but fragrance appears when it blossoms. Similar phenomenon takes place in case of semen of the living beings.
 
−
 
 
−
It is not proper for a man, desirous of longevity, to enter in to sexual intercourse with woman when he is under sixteen or over seventy yrs. of age.
 
−
 
 
−
If a young boy of very tender age whose body elements are not yet fully formed, enters in to sex act with a woman, his body gets dried up like a pond having very little water.
 
−
 
 
−
Dried, sapless piece of wood, eaten by worms and has become porous, gets broken immediately by a little pressure. Similarly, the body of the old man gets decayed by sexual intercourse with a woman.
 
−
 
 
−
The semen gets diminished by old age, worry, anxiety, diseases, overexertion, fasting and excessive sexual indulgence. By consumption, fear, suspicion and grief, by seeing the deformities in woman, by non excitation of the woman, absence of passionate determination, by abstention from sex and just after full sexual enjoyment, a man is rendered incapable of mating with a woman. This depends on strength of the body and mind.[36-45]
 
−
 
 
−
===== Description of ''Shukra'' =====
 
−
 
 
−
रस इक्षौ यथा दध्नि सर्पिस्तैलं तिले यथा|
 
−
 
 
−
सर्वत्रानुगतं देहे शुक्रं संस्पर्शने तथा||४६||
 
−
 
 
−
तत् स्त्रीपुरुषसंयोगे चेष्टासङ्कल्पपीडनात्|
 
−
 
 
−
शुक्रं प्रच्यवते स्थानाज्जलमार्द्रात् पटादिव||४७||
 
−
 
 
−
हर्षात्तर्षात् सरत्वाच्च पैच्छिल्याद्गौरवादपि|
 
−
 
 
−
अणुप्रवणभावाच्च द्रुतत्वान्मारुतस्य च||४८||
 
−
 
 
−
अष्टाभ्य एभ्यो हेतुभ्यः शुक्रं देहात् प्रसिच्यते|
 
−
 
 
−
चरतो विश्वरूपस्य रूपद्रव्यं यदुच्यते||४९||
 
−
 
 
−
rasa ikṣau yathā dadhni sarpistailaṁ tilē yathā|
 
−
 
 
−
sarvatrānugataṁ dēhē śukraṁ saṁsparśanē tathā||46||
 
−
 
 
−
tat strīpuruṣasaṁyōgē cēṣṭāsaṅkalpapīḍanāt|
 
−
 
 
−
śukraṁ pracyavatē sthānājjalamārdrāt paṭādiva||47||
 
−
 
 
−
harṣāttarṣāt saratvācca paicchilyādgauravādapi|
 
−
 
 
−
aṇupravaṇabhāvācca drutatvānmārutasya ca||48||
 
−
 
 
−
aṣṭābhya ēbhyō hētubhyaḥ śukraṁ dēhāt prasicyatē|
 
−
 
 
−
caratō viśvarūpasya rūpadravyaṁ yaducyatē||49||
 
−
 
 
−
rasa ikShau yathA dadhni sarpistailaM tile yathA|
 
−
 
 
−
sarvatrAnugataM dehe shukraM saMsparshane tathA||46||
 
−
 
 
−
tat strIpuruShasaMyoge ceShTAsa~gkalpapIDanAt|
 
−
 
 
−
shukraM pracyavate sthAnAjjalamArdrAt paTAdiva||47||
 
−
 
 
−
harShAttarShAt saratvAcca paicchilyAdgauravAdapi|
 
−
 
 
−
aNupravaNabhAvAcca drutatvAnmArutasya ca||48||
 
−
 
 
−
aShTAbhya ebhyo hetubhyaH shukraM dehAt prasicyate|
 
−
 
 
−
carato vishvarUpasya rUpadravyaM yaducyate||49||
 
−
 
 
−
As the juice exists in the sugarcane, ghee in the whole curd, and oil exists in whole part of the sesame seed, in the same way, semen pervades in the entire body which has the sensation of touch.
 
−
 
 
−
The semen trickles down from its site during copulation between man and woman because of sex act, passionate attachment, and physical pressure, as water comes out of a wet cloth when squeezed. The semen is ejaculated from the body as a result of these eight factors- excitement, excessive desire, fluidity, viscosity, heaviness, atomicity and the tendency to flow out and the speedy motion of ''vata''. The un-manifested soul which takes different forms in this world, manifests itself in the form of semen.[46-49]
 
−
 
 
−
===== Characteristics of ''Shukra'' =====
 
−
 
 
−
बहलं मधुरं स्निग्धमविस्रं गुरु पिच्छिलम्|
 
−
 
 
−
शुक्लं बहु च यच्छुक्रं फलवत्तदसंशयम्||५०||
 
−
 
 
−
bahalaṁ madhuraṁ snigdhamavisraṁ guru picchilam|
 
−
 
 
−
śuklaṁ bahu ca yacchukraṁ phalavattadasaṁśayam||50||
 
−
 
 
−
bahalaM madhuraM snigdhamavisraM guru picchilam|
 
−
 
 
−
shuklaM bahu ca yacchukraM phalavattadasaMshayam||50||
 
−
 
 
−
The semen which is thick, sweet, unctuous, without any putrid smell, heavy, viscid, white in color, and abundant in quantity, invariably helps in procreation. This is undoubtful about the semen.[50]
 
−
 
 
−
===== ''Vajikarana'' =====
 
−
 
 
−
येन नारीषु सामर्थ्यं वाजीवल्लभते [१] नरः|
 
−
 
 
−
व्रजेच्चाभ्यधिकं येन वाजीकरणमेव तत्||५१||
 
−
 
 
−
yēna nārīṣu sāmarthyaṁ vājīvallabhatē [1] naraḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
vrajēccābhyadhikaṁ yēna vājīkaraṇamēva tat||51||
 
−
 
 
−
yena nArIShu sAmarthyaM vAjIvallabhate [1] naraH|
 
−
 
 
−
vrajeccAbhyadhikaM yena vAjIkaraNameva tat||51||
 
−
 
 
−
That process, which make a man capable of copulation with woman frequently and for a long time with stallion vigor, is called [[Vajikarana]].[51]
 
−
 
 
−
===== Summary =====
 
−
 
 
−
तत्र श्लोकौ-
 
−
 
 
−
हेतुर्योगोपदेशस्य योगा द्वादश चोत्तमाः|
 
−
 
 
−
यत् पूर्वं मैथुनात् सेव्यं सेव्यं यन्मैथुनादनु||५२||
 
−
 
 
−
यदा न सेव्याः प्रमदाः कृत्स्नः शुक्रविनिश्चयः|
 
−
 
 
−
निरुक्तं चेह निर्दिष्टं पुमाञ्जातबलादिके||५३||
 
−
 
 
−
tatra ślōkau-
 
−
 
 
−
hēturyōgōpadēśasya yōgā dvādaśa cōttamāḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
yat pūrvaṁ maithunāt sēvyaṁ sēvyaṁ yanmaithunādanu||52||
 
−
 
 
−
yadā na sēvyāḥ pramadāḥ kr̥tsnaḥ śukraviniścayaḥ|
 
−
 
 
−
niruktaṁ cēha nirdiṣṭaṁ pumāñjātabalādikē||53||
 
−
 
 
−
tatra shlokau-
 
−
 
 
−
heturyogopadeshasya yogA dvAdasha cottamAH|
 
−
 
 
−
yat pUrvaM maithunAt sevyaM sevyaM yanmaithunAdanu||52||
 
−
 
 
−
yadA na sevyAH pramadAH kRutsnaH shukravinishcayaH|
 
−
 
 
−
niruktaM ceha nirdiShTaM pumA~jjAtabalAdike||53||
 
−
 
 
−
To sum up-
 
−
 
 
−
In this quarter, called ''Pumanajata Baladika'', the purpose for which the virilifying preparations have been prescribed along with twelve excellent virilific recipes. Things which are to be taken before and after the intercourse; the time when women are not fit to be approached for sex and the determination of the semen in every aspect and the definition of [[Vajikarana]] have also been described in this quarter.[52-53]
 
−
 
 
−
=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===
 
−
 
 
−
*In order to have healthy progeny and to have one of the pleasures of life (''Kama''), following are necessary:
 
−
#Qualities of sexual partners. All five senses functioning well, beautiful, youth, mutual affection, similar likes and dislikes, from different clan, without physical and mental ailments
 
−
#Increase the quantity and quality of semen. Agents used should have:
 
−
##Similar material like eggs or semen of other animals
 
−
##Similar property like cow’s milk, ghee.
 
−
##Similar pharmacological function of drugs.
 
−
#The male and female partners shall be physically and psychologically able to have pleasant coitus.
 
−
*''Vajikarana'' drugs besides helping get good progeny and pleasure is useful in living healthy and long life.
 
−
*For copulation, the ''shukra'' should possess qualities such as thickness, sweetness, unctuousness, without any putrid smell, heavyness, viscidity, white in colour, and abundant in quantity. This invariably helps in procreation.
 
−
*Mind plays a great role in ''vajikarana''. It is important to have a pleasant mind for proper sexual satisfaction. All those items which lead to pleasure increase virility.
 
−
*Sexual act should not be done before age16 and after age 70.
 
−
 
 
−
=== ''Vidhi Vimarsha'' ===
 
−
 
 
−
''Rasayana'' and ''vajikarana'' therapies have common aim to provide positive health and prevention of diseases by increasing vigor of healthy person and so, [[Vajikarana]] is described just after [[Rasayana]] chapter. Health scientists are showing great interest in screening classical ''rasayana'' drugs for their antioxidant activity and research reveals good results. Studies on ''amalaki rasayana'' <ref>Dwivedi V, Anandan EM, Mony RS, Muraleedharan TS, Valiathan MS, Mutsuddi M, et al. In vivo effects of traditional Ayurvedic formulations in Drosophila melanogaster relate with therapeutic applications. PLoS One. 2012;7:e37113.</ref> shows increased longevity and on Drosophila melanogaster <ref> Fontana L, Partridge L, Longo VD. Extending healthy life span – From yeast to humans. Science. 2010;328:321–6.</ref> there is reduced oxidative damage to extend lifespan. Many drugs are described as ''rasayanas'' and ''vajikara'' both. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) has deteriorating effect on sperm. This has been increasing due to changing lifestyle and exposure to environmental pollution. Spermatozoa normally produce ROS in a normal physiological process. The amount of ROS produced is to be carefully controlled. Imbalance between the generation and scavenging of ROS may lead to damage to DNA or other important structures. Spermatozoa lack cytoplasmic defensive enzymes, such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase, which are involved in the protection of most cell types from ROS induced peroxidative damage. Large amounts of unsaturated fatty acids are observed in plasma membranes of spermatozoa, those are particularly vulnerable to free radical attack.<ref>Jones R and Mann T (1973) Lipid peroxidation in spermatozoa. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 184,103–107.</ref> The subfertile men have higher concentrations of ROS in seminal plasma, whereas an inverse correlation exists between ROS concentration and motility.<ref>Carlsen E, Giwercman A, Keiding N, Skakkebaek NE, Review Evidence for decreasing quality of semen during past 50 years. BMJ. 1992 Sep 12; 305(6854):609-13</ref> Many ''rasayanas'' act as antioxidants, so they can also be used to enhance sperm quality and quantity. Thus, mutual correlation and common mode of action justifies description of ''vajikarana'' just after ''rasayana'' therapy.
 
−
 
 
−
For many years, decline in human semen quality and fertility rates has been a concern.<ref>MacLeod J, Heim L M. Characteristics and variations in semen specimens in 100 normal young men. Journal of Urology. 1945;54:474–482.</ref> Environmental and occupational pollutants, changes in lifestyles, exposure to toxic agents, and changes in dietary habits are observed among the most commonly cited factors associated with these declines.<ref>Tielemans E, Burdorf A, te Velde ER, Weber RF, van Kooij RJ, Veulemans H, Heederik DJ, Occupationally related exposures and reduced semen quality: a case-control study, Fertil Steril. 1999 Apr; 71(4):690-6.</ref> The environmental and lifestyle factors causing subfertility shall be targeted for curative or preventive measures. Environmental stress causes increase in the number of free radicals (i.e., hydrogen peroxide [H2O2] and reactive oxygen species [ROS] that cause apoptosis in the spermatogenic cell.<ref>Wang X, Sharma RK, Sikka SC. Oxidative stress is associated with increased apoptosis leading to spermatoozoa DNA damage in patients with male factor infertility. Fertil Steril. 2003;80:531–5.</ref> Chronic or severe stress leads to anovulation and amenorrhea in women <ref>Barnea, E. R., and Tal, J. Stress-r elated reproductive failure. J. In Vitro Fertil. Embryo Transfer 8: 15-23 (1991).</ref> and to decrease in sperm count, motility, and morphology in men.<ref>McGrady, A. V. Effects of psychological stress on male reproduction: a review. Arch. Androl. 131: 1-10 (1984).</ref> Smoking,<ref>Goverde HJ, Dekker HS, Janssen HJ, Bastiaans BA, Rolland R, Zielhuis GA.,Semen quality and frequency of smoking and alcohol consumption--an explorative study. Int J Fertil Menopausal Stud. 1995 May-Jun;40(3):135-8.</ref> alcohol,<ref>Joo KJ, Kwon YW, Myung SC, Kim TH, The effects of smoking and alcohol intake on sperm quality: light and transmission electron microscopy findings. J Int Med Res. 2012;40(6):2327-35.</ref> caffeine,<ref>Vine MF, Setzer RW Jr, Everson RB, Wyrobek AJ, Human sperm morphometry and smoking, caffeine, and alcohol consumption. Reprod Toxicol. 1997 Mar-Jun;11(2-3):179-84.</ref> pesticides, air pollution,<ref>Jurewicz J, Hanke W, Radwan M, Bonde JP, Environmental factors and semen quality.Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2009;22(4):305-29.</ref> bisphenol A,<ref>Akingbemi BT, Sottas CM, Koulova AI, Klinefelter GR, Hardy MP. Inhibition of testicular steroidogenesis by the xenoestrogen bisphenol A is associated with reduced pituitary luteinizing hormone secretion and decreased steroidogenic enzyme gene expression in rat Leydig cells. Endocrinology. 2004;145:592–603</ref> diseases like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity, cardio-vascular disease are related to deterioration of reproductive health<ref>Sunil Kumar, Archana Kumari, Shiva, Murarka, Lifestyle factors in deteriorating male reproductive health, Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, Vol 47, August 2009, pp.615-624.</ref> by affecting sperm quality.
 
−
 
 
−
==== Role of diet in ''vajikarana'' ====
 
−
 
 
−
Nutrition status is also a major cause of sub-fertility. Sexual dysfunction due to malnutrition can be easily overcome. Nutrition is important for DNA synthesis leading to development of spermatozoa and oocytes. Diet also provides exogenous antioxidants (vitamins C and E).  Dietary formulations mentioned are perfect amalgamation of energy and nutrients required for production and maturation of sperm. 
 
−
In Ayurveda, ''ahara'' or diet has been considered to be a form of medicine (''bhaishajya'') and the role of diet is not limited to nutrition only. Properly planned diet can be used for prevention as well as treatment of the diseases. ''Shukra'' is one of the seven ''dhatus'' and is formed by successive evolution of ''dhatus'' starting from ''rasa dhatu'' and diet forms the substrate (Cha. Chi. 15/16). So, ''ahara'' is one important factor on which quality of ''dhatu'' depends.
 
−
 
 
−
Various simple dietary preparations which can increase quantity as well as quality of sperm are mentioned.  The substance acts in various modes in the body, one of those is the principle of ''dravya samanya'' (similarity in substance) i.e. consumption of food item similar to body tissues increase them due to similar constitution. Keeping this fact in mind semen of different animals has been used with fat. ''Snigdha dravya'' (unctuous substances) increase semen by similar properties. However, this mode of therapy may not have individual acceptance or practical in current period so principle of ''guna samanya'' (''dravya'' with similar properties) may be used.
 
−
 
 
−
===== Role of milk and dairy products =====
 
−
 
 
−
Milk is integral to Ayurvedic diet regime. In the list of best factors for sustaining life, milk is considered best among all substances providing life (Cha.Su.25/40). Milk has a nutrition value as it provides essential amino acids, vitamins, minerals and fatty acids, and affects absorption of nutrients. Milk fat has a wide-ranging spectrum of fatty acids and lipids. Milk protein is rich in amino acids leading to stimulation of muscle synthesis, positive health effects on blood pressure, inflammation, oxidation and tissue development.
 
−
 
 
−
In Ayurveda, milk has been said to have beneficial effect on semen quality. However, in present era due to change in feeding regime of dairy animals, composition of milk might have been changed. This change has resulted into increase in estrogens, fat content etc. which are attributed to cause adverse effect on semen quality. Few researches have claimed that milk and dairy products have negative effect on semen as observed in male mice.<ref>Ma YX, Ebine N, Aoki K, Kusunoki M, Misumi J, Effects of cow's milk on reproduction in ICR male mice, Biomed Environ Sci. 2009 Apr;22(2):161-3.</ref> In another study, intake of full-fat dairy was observed inversely related to sperm motility and morphology.<ref>Afeiche M, Williams PL, Mendiola J, Gaskins AJ, Jørgensen N, Swan SH,Chavarro JE., Dairy food intake in relation to semen quality and reproductive hormone levels among physically active young men. Hum Reprod 2013 Aug;28(8):2265-75</ref>  High intake of saturated fats was negatively related to sperm concentration whereas higher intake of omega-3 fats was positively related to sperm morphology.<ref>Jill A. Attaman et al., Dietary fat and semen quality among men attending a fertility clinic, Hum. Reprod. (2012) doi: 10.1093/humrep/des065</ref> It has been suggested that environmental estrogens could be responsible for the decline in sperm counts.
 
−
 
 
−
===== Feeding of animal affects quality of milk =====
 
−
 
 
−
Milk composition can be altered by the feeding regime of cow. Content of several fatty acids such as c9, t11-CLA and the ratio between omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids are affected by the amount of grass and supplemental feeds (concentrate) in the diet. Milk content of several vitamins and minerals are also influenced by the cow's diet.<ref>Anna Haug, Arne T Hostmark, and Odd M Harstad Bovine milk in human nutrition – a review, Lipids Health Dis. 2007; 6: 25.</ref> In a study it was found that concentrations of micro-components like CLA, and to a lesser extent EPA and DHA, can be significantly enhanced through the use of diet formulation and nutritional management of dairy cows.<ref>Lock AL, Bauman DE, Modifying milk fat composition of dairy cows to enhance fatty acids beneficial to human health, Lipids, 2004 Dec;39(12):1197-206</ref> In another study effect of diet and cooling interactions on milk composition were studied in cows. So, it can be said that diet definitely affects milk composition and in turn effects are also modulated. If cow is fed with ''masha'' then the qualities of milk will increase and thus such milk is said to be good aphrodisiac that have more beneficial effects on sperm quality. Masha itself has properties of increasing ''shukra'' as it has ''snigdha'' and ''madhura'' qualities.
 
−
 
 
−
According to Ayurveda, cow milk is better than other milk. Beneficial role of cow’s milk has been established by some recent researches. A study unambiguously clarified at the cellular level that cow's milk increased the activities of human PPARalpha, PPARdelta, and RXRalpha. The nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) have been shown to play crucial roles in regulating energy homeostasis including lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, inflammatory responses, and cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival because PPAR agonists have the potential to prevent or ameliorate diseases such as hyperlipidemia, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and obesity.<ref>Suhara W, Koide H, Okuzawa T, Hayashi D, Hashimoto T, Kojo H., Cow's milk increases the activities of human nuclear receptors peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and delta and retinoid X receptor alpha involved in the regulation of energy homeostasis, obesity, and inflammation, J Dairy Sci. 2009 Sep;92(9):4180-7</ref> Milk is itself regarded as ''Sadyo Shukrakara'' (means instant aphrodisiac) in Ayurveda as it increases sperm quality soon after the consumption.
 
−
 
 
−
===== Rice and its preparation with milk =====
 
−
 
 
−
''Shashitika'' rice is ''snigdha, madhura'' and ''sheeta'' and so by Ayurvedic principle of ''guna samanya'' (similar properties) it helps in improving semen quality.<ref>Chakrapani, Charaka Samhita of Charaka with Ayurveda Dipika commentary, Sutrasthana, 5/3, Rastriya Sanskrit Sansthana, Delhi, 2006.</ref> ''Balya'' and ''brimhaniya'' drugs are added to rice for increasing strength of patient. ''Masha, shali, shashtika, godhuma'' provide combination of both carbohydrate and protein. It can be taken with milk and meat juice which again adds nutritive value. As digestive power varies with persons, dose fixation should be done individually after assessment of ''agni''.
 
−
 
 
−
''Payasa'' is dietary preparation which is popular as sweet dish in India. It is prepared from combination of milk and rice. It has property to increase sperm quality. If made from various aphrodisiac drugs its effect is much more. ''Payasa'' is included in normal diet regime so it can be easy aphrodisiac formulation by changing contents of ''Payasa''.
 
−
 
 
−
==== Ghee ====
 
−
 
 
−
Clarified butter (''ghrita'' or ghee) is used as aphrodisiac because it is considered good for ''rasa, shukra'' and ''ojas'' ([[Charaka Samhita]] [[Sutra Sthana]] 13/14). Intake of regular ghrita and milk is said to be best ''rasayana'' in ''Agrya Prakrana'' by Charaka. Ghee is used as processing media that carries the therapeutic properties of herbs to all the body's tissues. Proper metabolism of drug is crucial in obtaining the maximum benefit. The lipophilic action of ghee facilitates transportation to a target organ and final delivery inside the cell, since the cell membrane also contains lipid. The effect of  herb increases when it is used with ghee as compared to powder or tablet form.<ref> Illingworth D, Patil GR, Tamime AY. Anhydrous milk fat manufacture and fractionation. In: Tamime AY, editor. Dairy Fats and Related Products. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley-Blackwell; 2009.</ref> ''Rasala'' has been said to be ''balya'' and ''shukrala'' (Bhavaprakasha Purva Khanda-12/124-127).
 
−
 
 
−
''Pupalika'' is a dietary preparation which increases strength and sexual power. When prepared with potent aphrodisiac drugs as mentioned above its efficacy increases many fold. Such preparation can be easily prepared and can be used as food supplement.
 
−
 
 
−
==== Animal proteins and fats for virility ====
 
−
 
 
−
Egg increases virility as they provide indispensable nutrients needed for sperm formation. Pork and chicken meat has been used in some formulations. For vegetarians, a diet rich in protein with high nutritive value can be used.
 
−
 
 
−
Fish has ''snigdha, madhura, vrimhaniya, balya'' and ''vrishya'' properties. ''Shaphari'' is a kind of small fish. ''Rohita'' is best among different varieties of fish. On basis of ''guna'', fish helps in improving sperm quality. Fish has various important constituents that are not synthesized by humans. Seafood, such as fish, crustacean and molluscan shellfish, and echinoderms, provides in the edible part (e. g., filet, abdominal muscle) many nutritional components beneficial for the human diet like n-3 polyunsaturated long chain fatty acids (PUFAs), namely eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), essential elements such as selenium and iodine, high potassium and low sodium concentrations, and the vitamins D, A, E, and B-12, as well as taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) among others. Omega-3 fatty acids are major components of neuronal, retinal, and myocardial membranes. Its protein is highly digestible due to low connective tissue content, and cholesterol content is also low in fish. Lean fish species are extremely low in fat content (<1 %), while fatty species are extremely rich in PUFAs.<ref>Oehlenschläger J Seafood: nutritional benefits and risk aspects, Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2012 Jun;82(3):168-76. doi: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000108.</ref> Many of these are required for proper functioning of reproductive system of human. So, fish may help in improving sperm quality.
 
−
 
 
−
==== Non medicinal agents and mental factors for ''vajikarana'' ====
 
−
 
 
−
Mental factors play prime role in sexual behaviour and on this fact. ''Sankalpa'' (determination) is best aphrodisiac. Soumansaya (pleasant mental disposition) is the most important factor in ''garbha dharana'' or conception.  While mentioning factors having beneficial role on sperm quality and quantity, mental factors have also been given importance. ''Harsha'' is termed as stimulating pleasure to initiate the sexual act by psychological means (Gangadhar commentary on 1-4/48). ''Harsha'' can be explained as the desire produced from ''Samkalpa'' (fantasy) leading to erection and ejaculation (Chakrapani commentary) .
 
−
 
 
−
Mental status and surroundings of the patient plays crucial role in determining virility of a person. Studies show that psychosocial distress contributes significantly to the etiology of some forms of infertility.<ref>Wasser SK, Sewall G, Soules MR.Psychosocial stress as a cause of infertility. Fertil Steril. 1993 Mar;59(3):685-9.</ref> Stress is one among important factor of increasing infertility. Psychological stress reduces semen quality with a central underlying mechanism being impairment of gonadotropin drive.<ref>Fenster L, Katz DF, Wyrobek AJ, Pieper C, Rempel DM, Oman D, Swan SH, Effects of psychological stress on human semen quality, J Androl. 1997 Mar-Apr; 18(2):194-202</ref> Stress also reduces sperm quality by increasing plasma ROS generation and decreasing antioxidant protection.<ref>Eskiocak S, Gozen AS, Taskiran A, Kilic AS, Eskiocak M, Gulen , Effect of psychological stress on the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway and semen quality., Braz J Med Biol Res. 2006 May; 39(5):581-8.</ref> Lengthy sexual abstinence was found to affect all semen characteristics. Semen volume and concentration and total sperm count showed significant increases, whereas motility and normal morphology decreased significantly with duration of abstinence. With regard to fertility, a long abstinence period might induce senescence of spermatozoa.<ref>Levitas E, Fertil Steril. Relationship between the duration of sexual abstinence and semen quality: analysis of 9,489 semen samples., 2005 Jun;83(6):1680-6.</ref> Mental stress is one of the main causes of infertility. Healthy and stress free mind increases chances of conception. Advice on modifiable lifestyle factors should be given to people presenting for infertility treatment to help them make positive changes that may improve their chances of pregnancy.<ref>Anderson K, Nisenblat V, Norman R. Lifestyle factors in people seeking infertility treatment - A review. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2010 Feb;50(1):8-20. doi: 10.1111/j.1479-828X.2009.01119.x.</ref> Pleasant mind and environment can contribute a lot to improve virility.
 
−
 
 
−
Eight factors which are involved in ejaculation process are mentioned. ''Harsha'', as discussed earlier, is stimulating pleasure to initiate the sexual act by psychological means. ''Harsha'' is the desire produced from ''Sankalpa'' (determination) leading to erection and ejaculation. Chakrapani described ''tarsha'' as ''vanitanamabhilasha'' i.e. desire of female partner. The word ''tarsha'' is also used to denote ''trisha'' so it can be described as strong desire to have female partner. Both the ''harsha'' and ''tarsha'' are psychological entities. According to Hemadri, the substance which is having the potency of ''prerana'' (stimulation) is called ''sara''. So, ''sara'' is the natural quality of ''shukra'' and so it flows without retention.  ''Picchilata'' refers to sliminess and so it helps in smooth ejaculation. ''Gurutva'' helps in falling of semen. ''Anu'' refers to small so due to ''anubhava'' semen comes out quickly. Chakrapani comments that due to ''anubhava shukra'' has tendency to come out. The factors ''sara, paicchilya, guru, anubhava'' and ''pravanabhava'' are the physical properties of ''shukra'' which helps in ejaculation.
 
−
 
 
−
There is immense need that we should change lifestyle to have content mind. Meditation, Yoga and Ayurvedic spiritual principles can contribute a lot in this field.
 
−
 
 
−
==== Explanation of ''Shukra'' ====
 
−
 
 
−
From the different descriptions given regarding ''shukra'', its structure and functional identity can be understood in a broader sense. The term ''shukra'' represents androgens, semen and sperm itself according to the suitability of the contexts. In above context the seat of ''shukra'' has been told as whole body so it can be taken as hormone.  It has been clarified that semen exists in whole and it comes out after sexual arousal. The main object and mean of sexual arousal is tactile stimulation. ''Shukra'' pervades all over the body seated on the ''sparshanendriya'' (tactile sensorium). The mind  has inseparable union with ''tvak''. According to Gangadhara the ''shukra'' present in the ''tvak'' (''Tvaggatam Shukram'') by continuous erotic stimulation gets ejaculated. Sushruta compares the ejaculatory physiology with that of lactation since both are deeply associated with psychological factors in [[Nidana Sthana]] 10th chapter. Sushruta explains the physiology of ejaculation as a combined activity of ''vata'' which is heightened by the heat generated in the act of copulation as a result of the rubbing of female and male genital organs which dispels the ''shukra''.
 
−
 
 
−
There are various parameters for normal ''shukra''. Beside physical parameters, the main criteria of normal ''shukra'' is that it should be able to procreate progeny.
 
−
 
 
−
==== Factors affecting virility ====
 
−
 
 
−
Virilty of a person may vary from person to person. Normal variations are described in here. Two parameters are given by which virility of a person can differ. In first example sparrow is mentioned to indicate frequency of sexual activity whereas in second example elephant is mentioned to indicate large amount of semen ejaculation.  With help of two examples, sparrow and elephant variation in frequency and amount of semen ejaculation has been mentioned. These two parameters are important for determining fertility rate.
 
−
 
 
−
===== Frequency =====
 
−
Statistical estimates suggest that fecund ability rises sharply with frequency of intercourse. It is observed in a study that 94% of women aged 35 years and 77% women aged 38 years are conceived with regular intercourse for three years.<ref>Noord-Zaadstra BM, Looman CWN, Alsbach H, Habbema JDF, te Velde ER, Karbaat J. Delaying childbearing: effect of age on fecundity and outcome of pregnancy. BMJ. 1991;302:1361–5.</ref> The risk of erectile dysfunction in males aged among 30 to 75 years can be reduced by maintaining a regular frequency of intercourse.<ref>Zhanting Qin et al.Impact of frequency of intercourse on erectile dysfunction: a cross-sectional study in Wuhan, China, Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Impact Factor: 0.58). 06/2012; 32(3):396-9.</ref> Coital frequency is directly related to conception. Research shows that best sperm motility is found in semen emission every three to four days on average.<ref>MacLeod J, Gold RZ. The male factor in fertility and infertility. V. Effect of continence on semen quality. Fertil Steril.1952;3:297–315</ref> Intercourse every two to three days can maximize the overall chance of natural conception because spermatozoa can survive for up to seven days after insemination in the female reproductive tract.<ref>Perloff WH, Steinberger E. In vivo survival of spermatozoa in cervical mucus. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1964;88:439–42.</ref> So, regular coitus with 3-4 days gap should be regarded as optimum coital frequency.
 
−
 
 
−
===== Volume =====
 
−
With the example of elephant, the second parameter of semen volume is mentioned. According to WHO guidelines, the normal semen volume is 2.0–5.0 mL. Adequate volume of semen is required to carry male gametes into the female reproductive tract. Therefore, ejaculate volume is an important component of a semen analysis done to investigate male factor infertility.<ref>Roberts M, Jarvi K. Steps in the investigation and management of low semen volume in the infertile man. Canadian Urological Association Journal. 2009;3(6):479-485.</ref>
 
−
 
 
−
===== Season =====
 
−
Effect of seasonal and individual variation on virility of a person has been mentioned. A particular code of conduct based on season has been told for coitus frequency. Such regime helps to preserve the strength of the person. According to Chakrapani, in ''Hemanta'' (early winter) and ''Shishira Ritu'' (winter) virility of a person is more. So one can have coitus regularly as per their strength in these seasons. In ''Vasanta Ritu'' (spring) coitus on every third day, and in ''Varsha Ritu'' (rainy season) in fortnight is advocated. 
 
−
 
 
−
Human conception follows a seasonal rhythm. <ref>Cagnacci, A. and Volpe, A. (1996) Influence of melatonin and photoperiod on animal and human reproduction. J. Endocrinol. Invest., 19, 382–411</ref> Seasonal modifications of reproductive functions <ref>Meriggiola, M.C., Noonan, E.A., Paulsen, C.A. and Bremner, W.J. (1996) Annual patterns of luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, testosterone and inhibin in normal men. Hum. Reprod., 11, 248–252.</ref> and semen parameters <ref>Levine, R.J., Brown, M.H., Bell, M. et al. (1992) Air-conditioned environments do not prevent deterioration of human semen quality during summer. Fertil. Steril., 57, 1075–1083.</ref> are documented in human males. Recent trends noted a decline in relation of seasonal variation and human conception rhythm. The increased industrialization leading to increase in people being shielded from both photoperiod (by indoor work) and temperature (by heating and air conditioning) might be the reason behind this.<ref>Till Roenneberg, Jürgen Aschoff, Annual Rhythm of Human Reproduction: II. Environmental Correlations, J Biol Rhythms September 1990 vol. 5 no. 3 217-239</ref>
 
−
 
 
−
==== Cause of infertility ====
 
−
In present era, even with availability of sophisticated diagnostics in approximately 15% to 30% of couples we are unable to find out the exact cause of infertility. Ayurvedic Scholars included all conditions in which no evident cause of infertility was seen under broad term ''Prakritya''. The second important cause for infertility which is observed was affliction of diseases. A person who is afflicted with diseases gets debilitated and this result in decrease in fertility/virility. This is another important principle and it shows scientific vision of ancient Ayurvedic scholars.
 
−
 
 
−
==== Adverse impact of infertility ====
 
−
Infertility is one of the major stress factor similar to the intensity of a life-threatening illness. This distress and its treatment can affect various aspects of personal and family life. It also adversely affects the relationship in terms of support, satisfaction and communication, increases anxiety, guilt, somatization and depression. It challenges one’s own beliefs and about the world. The social network is affected as well. As purpose of life is terribly shattered person goes in depression and considers himself as useless.
 
−
 
 
−
==== Selected ''vajikarana'' herbs and formulations currently in use ====
 
−
''Shatavari, vidari, jeevanti, twakshiri, sita, godhuma, masha'' are referred to have aphrodisiac properties in recent ''nighantu''(glossaries of herbs).  This is due to their inherent properties similar to ''shukra''.
 
−
#''Ikshu'': ''Ikshu'' or sugarcane has aphrodisiac properties and when cow is fed with sugarcane stalks than the milk will be more beneficial and rich in its aphrodisiac qualities.
 
−
#''Pippali'': ''Pippali'' is said to be ''vrishya'' or drug having property to increase sperm. ''Pippali'' has above mentioned properties only when it is used in proper dose and for short time.
 
−
#''Yashtimadhu'': ''Madhuka'' is ''guru, madhura, snigdha'' in properties. So, by ''guna samanya'' it acts as good aphrodisiac. When given with ghee, honey and milk it forms good aphrodisiac formulation.
 
−
 
 
−
==== Researches on herbs ====
 
−
===== ''Kapikachchu'' (Mucuna pruriens) =====
 
−
 
 
−
''Atmagupta'' or Mucuna pruriens has been established as potent aphrodisiac. M. pruriens efficiently recovers the spermatogenic loss induced due to Ethinyl estradiol administration by reduction in ROS, restoration of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), regulation of apoptosis and increase in the number of germ cells. L-DOPA largely accounts for pro-spermatogenic properties of M. pruriens. In another study, seminal plasma of infertile patients, the levels of lipids, antioxidant vitamins, and corrected fructose were recovered after a decrease in lipid peroxides after treatment. Another study has clearly demonstrated the potency of M. pruriens to reduce the diabetic induced sperm damage induced by oxidative stress (OS). In a study oral administration of M. pruriens to infertile men for 3 months not only resulted in general improvement in sperm count and motility but it also led to significant reduction in the level of psychological stress. Similar research studies of other drugs mentioned should be done to explore their aphrodisiac properties.
 
−
===== ''Arjuna'' (Terminalia arjuna) =====
 
−
Extract of T. arjuna could be used as a natural antioxidant and enhancing the phytosterol content in clarified butter. Antioxidant supplementation drastically improves sperm count and sperm motility. Some tribal communities of Assam, India use ''arjuna'' in cases of infertility as observed in an ethno-botanical survey. ''Arjuna'' bark is widely used to decrease level of serum triglycerides and cholesterol, recover the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). As an anti-ischemic agent, it relieves myocardial necrosis, modulates platelet aggregation. It is an effective antioxidant. So, antioxidant properties of ''arjuna'' can be used to increase virility of a person.
 
−
All five ''Gana'' (''Shukrajanana, Jeevaniya, Brimhaniya, Balya'' and ''Kshira Samjanana'') as mentioned  in [[Sutra Sthana]] 4th chapter are used in [[Vajikarana]]. The drugs mentioned in these ''gana'' are mainly ''madhura, sheeta, mridu'' in nature and so by similarity in properties, they increase sperm quality. For example, ''meda'' is included in ''jeevaniya'' and ''shukrajanana gana''; ''payasya'' in ''brimhaniya'' and ''balya''; ''jeevanti'' in ''jeevaniya''; ''shali'' and ''shashtika'' in ''stanyajanana''. These drugs may act on higher center of the brain, i.e. the hypothalamus and limbic system. This may have anti-stress, adaptogenic actions, which helps to alleviate anxiety associated with sexual desire and performance. Administration of ''vajikarana rasayana'' viz. C. orchioides, A. longifolia and M. pruriens ethanolic extracts modulates the level of the pituitary hormones FSH and LH.
 
−
 
 
−
==== Current ''vajikarana'' formulations ====
 
−
 
 
−
Experienced ayurvedic physicians create ''vajikarana'' formulations based upon the properties of individual ''dravya'' and needs of the individual. Identification of some drugs mentioned in the text is controversial. Some drugs are endangered species. So, practically it is not possible to prepare some formulations with same ingredients, but ''Pratinidhi'' or ''Abhava'' drugs can be used in place of such drugs.
 
−
 
 
−
==== Further scope ====
 
−
 
 
−
Ayurvedic formulations for ''vajikarana'' lack research as per current scientific standards. Lack of standardization of formulations and difficulty in getting unadulterated herbs are realistic obstacles in the utility of ''vajikarana'' preparations. Randomized controlled trials of these formulations can be helpful in understanding efficacy, possible side effects and other treatment related parameters.
 
−
 
 
−
=== Glossary ===
 
−
 
 
−
#Alpaśukra (alpashukra, अल्पशुक्र) Oligozoospermia, Oligospermia : The term signifies decrease of the seminal fluid or decrease of the sperms than the normal.
 
−
#ānūpā  (anUpA, आनूप) -marshy lands.
 
−
#aśvagandhā (AshvagandhA, अश्वगन्धा) Withania somnifera
 
−
#atipicchilaṁśukra (atIpicchila shukra, अतिपिच्छल शुक्र) : Increased viscosity of semen : Semen with excessive slimy and viscous
 
−
#ātmaguptā  (AtmaguptA, आत्मगुप्ता) Mucuna prurita
 
−
#avasādi (avasAdi अवसादि): Increased specific gravity of semen  : increased specific gravity of semen and reduced motility.
 
−
#bahalaṁ (bahalaM- बहलं) - Thick
 
−
#balā (balA, बला) Sida cordifolia 
 
−
#bhayā  (bhayA- भय) –Fear.
 
−
#br̥ṁhaṇā (bRuMhaNA- बृंहण)- All procedures and treatment which increase body weight and strength is called Brimhana. This therapy is indicated for emaciated, weak and debilitated and for those in convalescence from chronic illness like mal-absorption, tuberculosis, and anemia. Is reverse of reduction.This therapy consisting of rich diet, tonic herbs, rest and relaxing lifestyle. Food prepared with ghee, butter, seasame oil, milk, raw sugar and joggery.
 
−
#dāḍima (dADima, दाडिम) Punica granatum
 
−
#dhānyaka (dhAnyaka, धान्यक)  Coriandrum sativum
 
−
#drākṣā (drAkShA, द्राक्षा)  Vitis vinifera
 
−
#gauravaṁ (gauravaM – गौरवं) - Heavy feeling, Heaviness.
 
−
#ghr̥ta (ghRuta, घृत)  Clarified butter
 
−
#ghr̥taṁ (ghRutA- घृत) - Ghee : clarified buter
 
−
#gōdhūma (godhUma, गोधूम) Triticum aestivum 
 
−
#gōkṣura (gokShura, र्गोक्षुर) Tribulus terrestris
 
−
#hiṅgu (hi~ggu, हिङ्गु) Ferula narthex
 
−
#ikṣu  (ikShu, इक्षु) Saccharum officinarum
 
−
#ikṣuvālikā (ikShuvAlikA इक्षुवालिका
 
−
#jīraka (jIrakaM, जीरक) Cuminum cyminum 
 
−
#jīvaka (jIvaka, जीवक) Microstylis wallichi 
 
−
#kaṇṭakārI (kaNTakArI, कण्टकारी)  Solanum surratense
 
−
#kharjūra (kharjUra, खर्जूर) Phoenix sylvestris
 
−
#klaibya (klaibya,क्लैब्य) Erectile dysfunction, impotent : A person’s persistent inability to perform sexual intercourse with  the  beloved,  willing  and  submissive  partner,  though having persistent desire due to the lack of erection and if at all  attempted  ends  into  failure  without  ejaculation  due  to flaccidity  of  penis  associated  with  breathlessness  and perspiration
 
−
#kṣaudrā (kShaudrA- क्षौद्र) Variety of honey collected from small type of honey-bee, its of brownish color.Its of ununctuous and astringent taste and cold in potency. It aggravates Vata and alleviator of Pitta.
 
−
#kṣīṇaŚukra (KshiNashukra la (shukrala, शुक्रल : Severe Oligozoopsermia, Oilgospermia : The  term  signifies  severe  decrease  of  the  seminal  fluid  or decrease of the sperms than the normalcy.
 
−
#kṣīrā (ShIrA- क्षीर)-  Milk; Synonym of Kshira.
 
−
#madhuka (madhuka, मधुक) Glycyrrhiza glabra
 
−
#maithuna maithuna मैथुन : It indicates sexual intercourse.
 
−
#māṁsā (mAMsa, मांस) meat
 
−
#marica (marica, मरिच) Piper nigrum
 
−
#māṣa (mASha, माष) Phaseolus mungu
 
−
#Ōtkārikā (otkArikA ; उत्कारिका) - Poultice- like preparation prepared with anti venomous drugs to soothe or aggravate and release the local doshas (impure body elements).
 
−
#pāyasā (pAyasa, पायस) - a sweet made from rice, milk and sugar.
 
−
#phalgū  (phalgU, फल्गू) Ficus hispida
 
−
#phēnila rētōdōṣa (Phenila retodoSha, फेनिल रेतोदोष)  : Frothy semen : Semen with excessive froth
 
−
#picchilaṁ (picchilaM- पिच्छिलं) - Slimy touch, gummy, Sticky, Sliminess
 
−
#pippalī (pippalI, पिप्पली) Piper longum
 
−
#praharṣakārī (praharṣakArA – प्रहर्षकारी)- Substances which produce sexual desire.
 
−
#punarnavā (punarnavA, पुनर्नवा)  Boerhaavia diffusa
 
−
#pūpa (pUpa, पूप) a cake , a sort of bread
 
−
#pūpalikā (pUpalikA, पूपलिका) a kind of sweet cake fried with ghee or oil
 
−
#pūtiśukradōṣa (pUtishukradoSha पूतिशुक्रदोष) : Pyospermia : Semen with pus ( cells)
 
−
#rāsnā  (rAsnA, रास्ना)  Pluchea lanceolata
 
−
#rūkṣa rētōdōṣa (rUkSha retodoSha, रूक्ष रेतोदोष) Ruksha retodosha : educed viscosity of semen : Semen with reduced viscosity
 
−
#śālī (shAlI, शाली ) : Oryza sativa
 
−
#śara (shara,शर) Saccharum bengalense
 
−
#śatāvarī (shatAvarI, शतावरी)  Asparagus racemosus)
 
−
#Sattvā (sattvA ; सत्व)-1.One of the three qualities (sattva, Rajas and Tamas) or constituents of everything in creation.2.Mind, harmony, Natural character, inborn dispostion, Consicious mind, Being in existence. 
 
−
#śr̥ṅgāṭaka(shRu~ggATaka,  शृङ्गाटक) Trapa bispinosa
 
−
#śukrajanana (shukrajanana, शुक्रजनन) : Spermatogenesis, The therapeutic measure having spermatogenic properties.
 
−
#śukrakṣaya (shukrakShaya, शुक्रक्षय) decrease in quantity of semen
 
−
#Śukrala (shukrala, शुक्रल) : The drugs which causes qualitative and quantitative increase in the Śukra(semen) are known as Śukrala.
 
−
#Śukrarēcanā (shukrarecana , शुक्र रेचन) : The drugs which help in ejaculation of semen may be known as ŚukraRecaka. The Bṛhatī-fruit and women belong to this group. These are useful for the conditions like aspermia. Milk, Māṣa, Bhallātaka-fruit pulp, Āmalakī-fruit etc. are both Śukrala and ŚukraRecaka
 
−
#śukraśōdhana (shukrashodana, शुक्रशोधन) Purification or  bringing the  normalcy : The  therapy  or  medicines  which  have  the  potency  of  purifying  the  spermatogenesis  there  by  producing  normal and healthy sperm.
 
−
#ŚukraStambhaka : The drugs which increase the time of sexual intercourse are known as ŚukraStambhaka. The best indication of these drugs is premature ejaculation.
 
−
#śukravardhana (shukravardhana, शुक्रवर्धन) Qualitative and quantitative increase in the Śukra(semen)
 
−
#tanu rētōdōṣa (tanu retodoSha, तनु रेतोदोष): Increased liquidity or thin semen : Very thin semen
 
−
#vājīkaraṇa (vAjIkaraNa, वाजीकरण) One  of  the  eight  branches  of  Ayurveda  which  deals  with management  of  defective  sperm  and  spermatogenesis  along with  sexual  potencification.  In  this,  administration  of therapeutic  procedure  or  medicine  is  done  which  helps  to have healthy progeny from generation to generation provides instant  vigor,  exhilaration,  stallion  sexual  vigor  and indulgence  in  sexual  act  without  any  obstacles,  excessive affection  of  the  women,  enhance  the  body  tissues  and maintenance of the state of Semen even in the aged persons.
 
−
#vidārī (vidArI, विदारी) Pueraria tuberosa
 
−
#visraṁ (visraM- विस्रं) - A smell like that of raw meat, smell like blood ; An attribute of Pitta.
 
−
#vivarṇa rētōdōṣa (vivarNa retodoSha, विवर्ण रेतोदोष) : Semen of  abnormal color : Discolored semen.
 
−
#vr̥ṣya (vRuShya, वृष्य) Substances that increases semen quality and quantity.
 
−
#vyavāyā  (vyavAyA- व्यवाय)- It indicates sexual intercourse/sexual regimen.
 
  
−
=== References ===
 
 
<div id="BackToTop"  class="noprint" style="background-color:#DDEFDD; position:fixed;
 
<div id="BackToTop"  class="noprint" style="background-color:#DDEFDD; position:fixed;
 
  bottom:32px; left:2%; z-index:9999; padding:0; margin:0;"><span style="color:blue;
 
  bottom:32px; left:2%; z-index:9999; padding:0; margin:0;"><span style="color:blue;

Revision as of 12:43, 24 September 2021


The term ‘Vajikarana’ (also spelled as vajeekarana) is a combination of two Sanskrit words: vaji and karana. ‘Vaji’ means ‘horse’ [Vachaspatya] and ‘karana’ means ‘to do/make/effect/cause’.[1] The term ‘vajikara’ means strengthening, stimulating or producing virility.[2] The therapy to increase virility like a horse is called vajikarana. [Cha.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 2/4/51] Since ancient times, a horse is considered a symbol of sexuality and strength. Therefore, the name of therapy symbolizes making a person virile and potent like a horse. It is one of the eight specialties of Ayurveda. [Cha.Sa.Sutra Sthana 30/28] This therapy is aimed to promote overall health with a specific focus on sexual and reproductive health. It is preventive therapy [Cha.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 1/1/3-5] as well as curative therapy for various sexual disorders. In current practices, aphrodisiac therapy, sexual vigor enhancing tonics, and treatment are considered as forms of vajikarana therapy. Ayurveda advises purification procedures before administration of vajikarana therapy. It is intended to improve the quality of reproductive elements like shukra dhatu and healthy progeny.

Contributors
Section/Chapter Chikitsa / Vajikarana
Authors Aneesh E.G., Deole Y.S.
Reviewed by Basisht G.
Affiliations Charak Samhita Research, Training and Development Centre, I..T.R.A., Jamnagar
Correspondence email: carakasamhita@gmail.com
Date of publication May 20, 2021
DOI Awaited

Importance

In the preservation of health and prevention

Vajikarana therapy is an important measure to preserve and promote health in healthy individuals. [Cha.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 1/1/13] This therapy is advised to restore tissue equilibrium and prevent recurrence after the treatment of diseases. [Cha.Sa.Sutra Sthana 7/48-49]

In the management of disease

Vajikarana therapy is usually applied in the treatment of diseases due to the vitiation of the reproductive system (shukra dhatu). Diseases of male reproductive system like impotency [Cha.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 30/193], premature ejaculation, erectile dysfunction are treated with this therapy.[Cha.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 30/146] Vajikarana leads to the nourishment of the body. [A.S.Sutra Sthana 24/19][3] Therefore, this therapy is used in the management of degenerative diseases and rehabilitation therapies in disorders caused by depletion of body tissues. The therapy is also used to improve mood and mental strength in psychiatric diseases.

Benefits

Vajikarana therapy leads to quick sexual stimulation and increases sexual vigor for a longer duration. In long-term therapy, it improves the quality and quantity of reproductive elements. It is effective in improving overall sexual health, fertility, and healthy progeny. Sexual vigor can be maintained even at old age. [Cha.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 1/1/9-12]

This article deals with the concept and practices of vajikarana therapy in Ayurveda and contemporary views.

Principles of vajikarana therapy

The vajikarana therapy is based on the following principles:

  1. Nourishment (apyayana): Vajikarana therapy nourishes the shukra dhatu to improve its quality and quantity.
  2. Clearing and soothing effect (prasadana): Vajikarana pacifies dosha affecting shukra dhatu and improves its quality.
  3. Increasing (upachaya): It increases the production of shukra dhatu in a middle-aged person.
  4. Genesis (shukrajanana): It promotes genesis of shukra dhatu even if the quantity is deficient, as seen in old age.[Dalhana on Su.Sa.Sutra Sthana 1/8][4]

Indications

In healthy, Vajikarana is indicated in person desiring for healthy progeny and to promote sexual health.

In disease, Vajikarana is indicated in emaciation due to excess sexual intercourse, impotency, infertility and sexual disorders. [Su.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 26/3][4]

Prerequisite for vajikarana therapy

Purification therapies must be done before vajikarana therapy. It is essential to remove toxins and clear body channels to achieve the optimum benefit of vajikarana therapy. [Cha.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 2/1/50-51] The purification can be done by administration of decoction and unctuous enema (basti). [Cha.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 2/4/9]

Properties

The substance used for vajikarana therapy should possess the following properties:

  • Sweet (madhura)
  • Unctuous (snigdha)
  • Life promoting (jivanam)
  • Nourishing (brimhana)
  • Heavy to digest (guru)
  • Elevating mood and happiness (mano harshana) [Cha.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 2/4/36]
  • Increases strength [A.S. Uttara Sthana 50/64][3]

Methods of vajikarana therapy

Vajikarana is administered through the following means:

  1. Diet
  2. Daily habits
  3. Psychological factors
  4. Therapeutic measures

Diet

Following food items are helpful to improve the quality and quantity of shukra dhatu.

  • Daily consumption of ghee and milk. [Cha.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 2/3/20]
  • Habitual use of diet consisting of equal parts of ghee and roasted corn flour [Cha.Sa.Sutra Sthana 25/40]
  • Milk [Cha.Sa.Sutra Sthana 1/107]
  • Honey [Su.Sa.Sutra Sthana 45/132][4]
  • Coconut water [A.S.Sutra Sthana 6/23][3]
  • Sugarcane juice[A.S.Sutra Sthana 6/49][3]
  • Crude sugar, sugar candy and white fine sugar[A.S.Sutra Sthana 6/55][3]
  • Barley (yava) [A.S.Sutra Sthana 7/10][3]
  • Wheat [A.S.Sutra Sthana 7/11][3]
  • Shashtika rice (a rice variety) along with milk, ghee, sugar and honey [Cha.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 2/2/27]
  • Powder of Glycyrrhiza glabra (yashtimadhu) with ghee and honey followed by milk [Cha.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 2/3/18-19]
  • Meat soup[A.S.Sutra Sthana 7/33][3], meat of rooster [A.S.Sutra Sthana 7/77][3], kulira (a fish variety) - [A.S.Sutra Sthana 7/91][3]
  • Bone marrow and animal fat [Cha.Sa.Sutra Sthana 27/295]

Regimens with aphrodisiac (vajikarana) effect

  • Bath [Cha.Sa.Sutra Sthana 5/94],
  • Comfortable sitting and proper sleep [Su.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 24/81][4]

Mental factors

  • Affectionate and loving conversation, touch, and pleasant music [Su.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 26/6][4]
  • A loving and pleasant companion is the best to increase virility.[Cha.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 2/1/4]

Therapies

Decoction enema [A.S. Sutra Sthana 28/5][3], unctuous enema processed with vajikarana medicines (vrishyabasti) [A.S.Kalpa Sthana 5/11][3] and gentle massage (samvahana) [Su.Sa.Chikitsa Sthana 24/83][4] increases virility.

Herbs and medicines:

The herbs that increase the amount of semen are Withania somnifera (ashwagandha), Asparagus adscendens (musali), sugar (sharkara) and Asparagus racemosus (shatavari). [Sha.Purvakhanda.4/15][5]

The drugs which initiate proper functioning of semen are milk, black gram (masha), fruit pulp of Semicarpus anacardium (bhallataka phalamajja), and Phyllanthus embilica (amalaki). [Sha.Purvakhanda.4/16][5]

Solanum americanum (kakamachi) [A.S.Sutra Sthana 7/103][3], Pueraria tuberose (vidari) [A.S.Sutra Sthana 7/120][3], Benincasa hispida (kushmanda) [A.S.Sutra Sthana 7/124][3], grape [A.S.Sutra Sthana 7/154][3], dry ginger[A.S.Sutra Sthana 12/30][3], ginger [Cha.Sa.Sutra Sthana 27/296], Sida cordifolia (bala), Abutilon indicum (atibala), Sida cordata (nagabala) [A.S.Sutra Sthana 12/43][3], black gram [Cha.Sa.Sutra Sthana 27/24], Phoenix sylvestris Roxb.(dates) [Cha.Sa.Sutra Sthana 27/127], Mucuna pruriens (kapikacchu) [Sha.Purvakhanda.4/14][5] etc. are some of the drugs which promotes virility.

Diets contraindicated in vajikarana therapy

Following food items negatively affect virility and contraindicated during vajikarana therapy:

  • All types of salts except rock salt [A.S. Sutra Sthana 18/17][3] [A.S. Sutra Sthana 12/17][3]
  • Buttermilk [Su.Sa.Sutra Sthana 45/84][4]
  • Bitter and spicy food items [Cha.Sa.Sutra Sthana 27/4] [Cha.Sa.Sutra Sthana 26/51]
  • If food is taken in less quantity than required [Cha.Sa.Vimana Sthana 2/7]

Time of administration

Vajikarana medicines should be used along with morsel of food (sagrasa). [A.S. Sutra Sthana 23/22][3]

Detail list of food and formulations is described in vajikarana Adhyaya chapter of Charak Samhita.

Contemporary views

In modern medical systems, drugs to increase sex hormones are used. Commonly phenethylamines, synthetic testosterone are used to increase libido and treat sexual dysfunctions.

The diet, regimen, medicine, and therapies that stimulate spermatogenesis, improve sperm count, decrease spermatic defects, improve sexual desire, vigor, duration of intercourse can be considered as forms of vajikarana therapy.

Current researches

Research studies are carried out on role of herbs on increasing sexual desire and aphrodisiac effect. This is elaborately discussed in the chapter of Vajikarana of Charak Samhita. Some notes are provided additionally in this article.

Anti-oxidants

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) cause oxidative stress leading to idiopathic male infertility and sexual dysfunction. The oxidative stress may also lead to sperm DNA damage which has negative impact over reproductive outcome. By reducing oxidative stress, the natural antioxidants significantly increase sperm motility and sperm counts in infertile men. Mucuna pruriens (kapikacchu), Tribulus terrestris (gokshura) and Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) enhance the sexual function by increasing testosterone levels and regulating nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) and nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor (Nrf2) signaling pathways. It also decreases the ROS levels.[6]

In an experimental study, Mucuna pruriens (kapikacchu), Tribulus terrestris (gokshura) and Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) combination showed increase in weight of seminal vesicles and ventral prostate of rats. The sperm motility and sperm counts were also increased by 30 -40% than the control group. FSH, LH, and testosterone levels were also improved. Lowest levels of serum and testicular tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) were found in trial group. MDA is an end product of ROS mediated lipid peroxidation. NF-kB levels were also found to be lowest in the group treated with the above medicines.[6]

Withania somnifera (ashwagandha) is found effective in stress-induced sexual disorders in rat models. It produces a gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) like effect and prevents the overstimulation of nerve cells. It reduces the cortisol levels to bring calming effect.[7]

Effect of therapeutic purgation (virechana) in infertility due to oligozoospermia

In a study, cow’s ghee was administered after therapeutic purgation (virechana) in 32 infertile patients with oligozoospermia. It showed 80% increase in total sperm count, 41% increase in sperm motility, 12.58% increase in the normal form of sperm, and 45.22% increase in semen volume. It also showed 41.69% decrease in abnormal forms of sperms. An increase in FSH, LH and testosterone levels is reported after the treatment. Improvement in generalized debility, sexual weakness, sexual desire, erectile dysfunction, frequency, and duration of coitus was observed. Ghee possesses anti-oxidant properties as it contains abundant amounts of Vit A and E.[8]

Effect of asafoetida

Asafoetida in low dose improves the viability, motility, count and morphology of sperms. In higher doses it may have adverse action. In a study, rats treated with asafoetida showed significant increase in epididymal sperm count. Improvement in sperm morphology and viability was reported. Mobility of sperms was found to decrease after treating with asafoetida. Histological study shows an increase in germ cells and signs of spermatogenesis.[9] It may have a stimulant action on spermatogenesis.

Syzygium aromaticum

Lower doses of Syzygium aromaticum have a stimulant effect on spermatogenesis. Its higher dose has an adverse action on male reproductive parameters like count, motility, and morphology of sperms.[10]

Puga khanda

Puga Khanda, an Ayurvedic formulation, improves the seminal volume, total sperm count, and motility. It also showed improvement in sexual desire, penile erection and penile rigidity. The ingredients like Areca catechu, Asparagus racemosus, Pueraria tuberosa, Tribulus terrestris, cow’s milk, ghee have aphrodisiac and antioxidant properties.[11]

Ficus religiosa

In a study on 20 patients with oligozoospermia, sperm count and semen volume are significantly increased by administering Ficus religiosa (ashwatha) fruit powder after therapeutic purgation (virechana).[12]

List of theses done

  1. Rajareddy G (1999): A comparative pharmacotherapeutic study of erandamula and kapikacchu bija with special reference to vrsya karma. Department of Dravyaguna Vigyan. IPGT&RA Jamnagar
  2. Santosh Bhatted (2002): A comparative study of role of vajeekarana drugs administered orally and by basti in the management of klaibhya with reference to erectile dysfunction. Department of Kayachikitsa. IPGT&RA Jamnagar
  3. Prakash Mangalasseri (2002): A clinical study of shukragatavata w.s.r to premature ejaculation & its management with Akarakarbhati yoga yapanabasti. Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA Jamnagar
  4. Sanjay Gupta (2006): A clinical effect of Baladiyapanabasti and vajikarana yoga in the management of sukradushti w.s.r to oligoasthenozoospermia. Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA Jamnagar
  5. Basil Cardozo (2006): A clinical study on physo-somatic management of sukraavritavata (premature ejaculation) with rasayana yoga and shirodhara. Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA Jamnagar
  6. Jithesh C Padariya (2010): Effect of pushpadhanva rasa and swayamguptaikshurakbheejachoorna on kshinashukra (oligozoospermia). Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA Jamnagar
  7. Nakul A Jethva (2011): A Clinical Study on the Effect of Virechana Karma and Amalaki Rasayana in the Management of Kshinashukra w.s.r. to Oligozoospermia. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar
  8. BGSM Sumanasinghe (2016): Experimental evaluation of vrishyakarma (Aphrodisiac activity) of leaf of Clitoria Ternatea Linn. (Aparajita). Department of Dravyaguna Vigyan. IPGT&RA Jamnagar
  9. Jitendra Varsakiya (2015): A comparative study of Ashwatthaphalachurna and shvetapalanduswarasabhavitayavani in the management of ksheenashukra W.S.R to oligozoospermia. Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA Jamnagar
  10. Vasava Ankitkumar Amarsinh (2017): A comparative clinical study of churnaratnam and svaguptadichurna in the management of ksheenashukra W.S.R to oligozoospermia. Department of Kayachikitsa, IPGT&RA Jamnagar
  11. Nikunj M (2012): A comparative study of vrishyabasti and kulinga (Blepharis edulis) after virechana karma in the management of kshinashukra w.s.r to oligozoospermia. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar
  12. Jadav Hasmukh Bhavanbhai (2014): Management of premature ejaculation (shukragatavata) with erandamoolbasti and vanarikalpa- A clinical study. Department of Panchakarma, IPGT&RA Jamnagar

More information

Vajikarana Adhyaya, Rasayana Adhyaya

Abbreviations

Cha. = Charak, Su. = Sushruta, A. = Ashtanga, S. = Sangraha, Sha. = Shargadara, Sa. = Samhita.

List of References

The list of references for Vajikarana in Charak Samhita can be seen here

Send us your suggestions and feedback on this page.

References

  1. ↑ Monier-Williams, Monier-Williams Sanskrit- English Dictionary, 1st edition; Oxford University Press, vaji, Page 254.
  2. ↑ Monier-Williams, Monier-Williams Sanskrit- English Dictionary, 1st edition; Oxford University Press, vajikara, Page 938.
  3. ↑ 3.00 3.01 3.02 3.03 3.04 3.05 3.06 3.07 3.08 3.09 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 Vridha Vagbhata, Ashtanga Sangraha. Edited by Shivaprasad Sharma. 3rd ed. Varanasi: Chaukhamba sanskrit series office;2012.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 Sushruta. Sushruta Samhita. Edited by Jadavaji Trikamji Aacharya. 8th ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha Orientalia;2005.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Sharangadhara. Sharangadhara Samhita. Translated from Sanskrit by K.R. Srikantha Murthy. Reprint ed. Varanasi: Chaukhambha orientalia;2016.
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Sahin K, Tuzcu M, Orhan C, Gencoglu H, Sahin N, Akdemir F, Turk G, Yilmaz I, Juturu V. MAT, a Novel Polyherbal Aphrodisiac Formulation, Enhances Sexual Function and Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway While Reducing Oxidative Damage in Male Rats. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Apr 29;2018:8521782. doi: 10.1155/2018/8521782. PMID: 29853975; PMCID: PMC5949178.
  7. ↑ Mamidi P, Thakar AB. Efficacy of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal. Linn.) in the management of psychogenic erectile dysfunction. Ayu. 2011 Jul;32(3):322-8. doi: 10.4103/0974-8520.93907. PMID: 22529644; PMCID: PMC3326875.
  8. ↑ Varsakiya JN, Goyal M, Thakar A, Donga S, Kathad D. Efficacy of Virechana (therapeutic purgation) followed by Go-Ghrita (cow ghee) in the management of Ksheena Shukra (oligozoospermia): A clinical study. AYU 2019;40:27-33.
  9. ↑ Bagheri SM, Yadegari M, Porentezari M, Mirjalili A, Hasanpor A, Dashti RM, et al. Effect of Ferula assa-foetidaoleo gum resin on spermatic parameters and testicular histopathology in male wistar rats. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2015;6:175-80.
  10. ↑ Mishra RK, Singh SK. Reproductive effects of lipid soluble components of Syzygium aromaticum flower bud in male mice. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2013;4:94-8.
  11. ↑ Baragi PC, Bhat S, Prajapati PK, Baragi UC. Clinical evaluation of V.r.sya effect of Pūga Kha.n.da on sexual health and seminal parameters. Ancient Sci Life 2013;32:134-8.
  12. ↑ Varsakiya JN, Goyal M, Thakar A, Patel B. Role of Virechana and Ashwatha Phala Churna in the management of Ksheena Shukra (oligozoospermia): A pilot study. Ayu. 2016 Apr-Jun;37(2):113-119. doi: 10.4103/ayu.AYU_71_15. PMID: 29200749; PMCID: PMC5688833.
Retrieved from "https://www.carakasamhitaonline.com/index.php?title=Vajikarana&oldid=39345"