Changes

==== Researches on herbs ====

==== Researches on herbs ====

1. Kapikachchu (Mucuna pruriens):

===== ''Kapikachchu'' (Mucuna pruriens) =====

Atmagupta or Mucuna pruriens has been established as potent aphrodisiac. M. pruriens efficiently recovers the spermatogenic loss induced due to Ethinyl estradiol administration by reduction in ROS, restoration of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), regulation of apoptosis and increase in the number of germ cells. L-DOPA largely accounts for pro-spermatogenic properties of M. pruriens.[ ] In another study, seminal plasma of infertile patients, the levels of lipids, antioxidant vitamins, and corrected fructose were recovered after a decrease in lipid peroxides after treatment.[ ] Another study has clearly demonstrated the potency of M. pruriens to reduce the diabetic induced sperm damage induced by oxidative stress (OS).[ ] In a study oral administration of M. pruriens to infertile men for 3 months not only resulted in general improvement in sperm count and motility but it also led to significant reduction in the level of psychological stress.[ ] Similar research studies of other drugs mentioned should be done to explore their aphrodisiac properties.  

 

2. Arjuna (Terminalia arjuna):

''Atmagupta'' or Mucuna pruriens has been established as potent aphrodisiac. M. pruriens efficiently recovers the spermatogenic loss induced due to Ethinyl estradiol administration by reduction in ROS, restoration of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), regulation of apoptosis and increase in the number of germ cells. L-DOPA largely accounts for pro-spermatogenic properties of M. pruriens. In another study, seminal plasma of infertile patients, the levels of lipids, antioxidant vitamins, and corrected fructose were recovered after a decrease in lipid peroxides after treatment. Another study has clearly demonstrated the potency of M. pruriens to reduce the diabetic induced sperm damage induced by oxidative stress (OS). In a study oral administration of M. pruriens to infertile men for 3 months not only resulted in general improvement in sperm count and motility but it also led to significant reduction in the level of psychological stress. Similar research studies of other drugs mentioned should be done to explore their aphrodisiac properties.  

Extract of T. arjuna could be used as a natural antioxidant and enhancing the phytosterol content in clarified butter. Antioxidant supplementation drastically improves sperm count and sperm motility. [ ] Some tribal communities of Assam, India use Arjuna in cases of infertility as observed in an ethno-botanical survey. [ ] Arjuna bark is widely used to decrease level of serum triglycerides and cholesterol, recover the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). As an anti-ischemic agent, it relieves myocardial necrosis, modulates platelet aggregation. It is an effective antioxidant. [ ]  So, antioxidant properties of Arjuna can be used to increase virility of a person.

===== ''Arjuna'' (Terminalia arjuna) =====

All five Gana (Shukrajanana, Jeevaniya, Brumhaniya, Balya and Kshira Samjanana) as mentioned  in sutra sthana 4th chapter are used in vajikarana. The drugs mentioned in these Gana are mainly madhura, sheeta, mridu in nature and so by similarity in properties, they increase sperm quality. For example, meda is included in jeevaniya & shukrajanana gana; payasya in brumahaniya & balya; Jivanti in jeevaniya; shali & shashtika in stanyajanana. These drugs may act on higher center of the brain, i.e. the hypothalamus and limbic system. This may have anti-stress, adaptogenic actions, which helps to alleviate anxiety associated with sexual desire and performance. Administration of vajikarana rasayana viz. C. orchioides, A. longifolia and M. pruriens ethanolic extracts modulates the level of the pituitary hormones FSH and LH. [ ]

Extract of T. arjuna could be used as a natural antioxidant and enhancing the phytosterol content in clarified butter. Antioxidant supplementation drastically improves sperm count and sperm motility. Some tribal communities of Assam, India use ''arjuna'' in cases of infertility as observed in an ethno-botanical survey. ''Arjuna'' bark is widely used to decrease level of serum triglycerides and cholesterol, recover the level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). As an anti-ischemic agent, it relieves myocardial necrosis, modulates platelet aggregation. It is an effective antioxidant. So, antioxidant properties of ''arjuna'' can be used to increase virility of a person.

All five ''Gana'' (''Shukrajanana, Jeevaniya, Brimhaniya, Balya'' and ''Kshira Samjanana'') as mentioned  in [[Sutra Sthana]] 4th chapter are used in [[Vajikarana]]. The drugs mentioned in these ''gana'' are mainly ''madhura, sheeta, mridu'' in nature and so by similarity in properties, they increase sperm quality. For example, ''meda'' is included in ''jeevaniya'' and ''shukrajanana gana''; ''payasya'' in ''brimhaniya'' and ''balya''; ''jeevanti'' in ''jeevaniya''; ''shali'' and ''shashtika'' in stanyajanana. These drugs may act on higher center of the brain, i.e. the hypothalamus and limbic system. This may have anti-stress, adaptogenic actions, which helps to alleviate anxiety associated with sexual desire and performance. Administration of vajikarana rasayana viz. C. orchioides, A. longifolia and M. pruriens ethanolic extracts modulates the level of the pituitary hormones FSH and LH. [ ]

==== Current vajikarna formulations ====

==== Current vajikarna formulations ====