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=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===  

=== ''Tattva Vimarsha'' ===  

• There are one hundred and seven vital points called marma in the body which are junc-tures of body components and prana (life force) resides in them. Among the ten pra-nayatana, three marma i.e., shira, hridaya and basti are important.  

*There are one hundred and seven vital points called ''marma'' in the body which are junctures of body components and ''prana'' (life force) resides in them. Among the ten ''pranayatana'', three ''marma'' i.e., ''shira, hridaya'' and ''basti'' are important.  

• If dosha affect these three marma, they will have impact on the prana. Hence their pro-tection is crucial for preservation of health and management of disorders.  

*If ''dosha'' affect these three ''marma'', they will have impact on the ''prana''. Hence their protection is crucial for preservation of health and management of disorders.  

• Udavarta means abnormal upward frequent movement of vata dosha. Commonly this condition is caused by suppression of natural urges and vata aggravating factors. Uda-varta hampers digestion and metabolism at micro channels. This leads to accumulation of the toxic elements to cause various diseases.

*''Udavarta'' means abnormal upward frequent movement of ''vata dosha''. Commonly this condition is caused by suppression of natural urges and ''vata'' aggravating factors. ''Udavarta'' hampers digestion and metabolism at micro channels. This leads to accumulation of the toxic elements to cause various diseases.

• Vata dosha can be aggravated due to its own causes or due to obstruction by other two vitiated dosha.  

*''Vata dosha'' can be aggravated due to its own causes or due to obstruction by other two vitiated ''dosha''.  

• In udavarta, the pathogenesis takes place at pakvashaya (colon) and apana vata is ag-gravated to turn into opposite movements. The apana can cause various disorders after affecting the sites.  

*In ''udavarta'', the pathogenesis takes place at ''pakvashaya'' (colon) and ''apana vata'' is aggravated to turn into opposite movements. The ''apana'' can cause various disorders after affecting the sites.  

• Anulomana ( treatment leading to normal movement of vata) is the principle of treat-ment in udavarta. This includes therapies for pacification of vata and removing obstruc-tion in its movement.   

*''Anulomana'' (treatment leading to normal movement of ''vata'') is the principle of treatment in ''udavarta''. This includes therapies for pacification of ''vata'' and removing obstruction in its movement.   

• In vata predominance, the enema added with sour, salty and oily medicines is adminis-tered. In pitta predominance, the enema added with milk is administered. In Kapha pre-dominance, the enema added with urine (cow’s urine) is administered.

*In ''vata'' predominance, the enema added with sour, salty and oily medicines is administered. In ''pitta'' predominance, the enema added with milk is administered. In ''kapha'' predominance, the enema added with urine (cow’s urine) is administered.

• The management of udavarta depends upon condition of dosha vitiation and its clinical presentation in patient. Excess unctuousness is treated with dryness and vice versa.  

*The management of ''udavarta'' depends upon condition of ''dosha'' vitiation and its clinical presentation in patient. Excess unctuousness is treated with dryness and vice versa.  

• Emesis therapy, langhana (fasting therapy) and pachana (carminatives) are advised in sama dosha located in upper part of abdomen.  

*Emesis therapy, ''langhana'' (fasting therapy) and ''pachana'' (carminatives) are advised in ''sama dosha'' located in upper part of abdomen.  

• Castor oil is an excellent remedy for obstruction caused by excess fat, kapha, pitta and rakta.  

*Castor oil is an excellent remedy for obstruction caused by excess fat, ''kapha, pitta'' and ''rakta''.  

• Diet and lifestyle factors along with vitiation of annavaha srotasa (gastro-intestinal tract) are important causative factors for vitiation of dosha in urinary system disorders. This is caused when the vitiated dosha located in urinary bladder, kidney and urinary system.

*Diet and lifestyle factors along with vitiation of ''annavaha srotasa'' (gastrointestinal tract) are important causative factors for vitiation of ''dosha'' in urinary system disorders. This is caused when the vitiated ''dosha'' located in urinary bladder, kidney and urinary system.

• When the aggravated vata dries up semen and urine along with pitta and kapha which is located in urinary bladder the calculus is formed. The clinical presentation and compo-sition of ashmari (calculus) depends upon vitiation of dosha.  

*When the aggravated ''vata'' dries up semen and urine along with ''pitta'' and ''kapha'' which is located in urinary bladder the calculus is formed. The clinical presentation and composition of ''ashmari'' (calculus) depends upon vitiation of ''dosha''.  

• The treatment of ashmari includes massage, unctuous and non-unctuous medicated en-ema, unctuous poultice, uttara basti (urethral douche) and sekam (affusion) as well as the diet of soup prepared with dosha alleviating drugs. The main dosha shall be treated first.  

*The treatment of ''ashmari'' includes massage, unctuous and non-unctuous medicated enema, unctuous poultice, ''uttara basti'' (urethral douche) and ''sekam'' (affusion) as well as the diet of soup prepared with ''dosha'' alleviating drugs. The main ''dosha'' shall be treated first.  

• Tikshna(sharply acting) and anulomana(facilitating movement) medicines along with specific procedures like riding fast moving vehicle are administered for breaking, mov-ing and flushing out of calculus.

*''Tikshna''(sharply acting) and ''anulomana''(facilitating movement) medicines along with specific procedures like riding fast moving vehicle are administered for breaking, moving and flushing out of calculus.

• Diet, lifestyle and psychological factors are responsible for causing heart diseases. The clinical presentation is based upon vitiation of dosha and accordingly treatment is planned. Langhana, pachana and purification are principles of treatment.  

*Diet, lifestyle and psychological factors are responsible for causing heart diseases. The clinical presentation is based upon vitiation of ''dosha'' and accordingly treatment is planned. ''Langhana, pachana'' and purification are principles of treatment.  

• In addition to the dietary and lifestyle causes, environmental factors like change in weather conditions, temperature are responsible for pratishyaya (rhinitis). Kapha-vata dosha with rasa and rakta dushya are vitiating factors in its pathogenesis.   

*In addition to the dietary and lifestyle causes, environmental factors like change in weather conditions, temperature are responsible for ''pratishyaya'' (rhinitis). ''Kapha/vata dosha'' with ''rasa'' and ''rakta dushya'' are vitiating factors in its pathogenesis.   

• In diseases of head, eyes, nose, oral cavity and ears, the treatment of local dosha as well as vitiated dosha is important. Local treatment with generalized treatment is advised.  

*In diseases of head, eyes, nose, oral cavity and ears, the treatment of local ''dosha'' as well as vitiated ''dosha'' is important. Local treatment with generalized treatment is advised.  

• The route of administration of drug is the nearest route to site of vitiation of dosha.

*The route of administration of drug is the nearest route to site of vitiation of ''dosha''.

• Treatment of arochaka (anorexia) due to psychological factors includes counselling therapy and harshana (happiness) therapy.  

*Treatment of ''arochaka'' (anorexia) due to psychological factors includes counseling therapy and ''harshana'' (happiness) therapy.  

• In human beings, vata, pitta and kapha are located in the basti (region of the urinary bladder, i.e pelvic region), heart (cardiac region) and murdha (head) respectively. The treatment of dosha located in these places is administered from the nearby region appro-priately by medicated enema, purgation and emetic therapy respectively.   

*In human beings, ''vata, pitta'' and ''kapha'' are located in the ''basti'' (region of the urinary bladder, i.e pelvic region), heart (cardiac region) and ''murdha'' (head) respectively. The treatment of ''dosha'' located in these places is administered from the nearby region appropriately by medicated enema, purgation and emetic therapy respectively.   

• As the loka (macro-cosm) is afflicted or maintained respectively by the morbidity and normal state of the wind, sun and moon, so also the adhyatma-loka (sentient world or micro-cosm) is either afflicted or maintained respectively by the morbidity and normal state of vayu, pitta and kapha.

*As the ''loka'' (macrocosm) is afflicted or maintained respectively by the morbidity and normal state of the wind, sun and moon, so also the ''adhyatma loka'' (sentient world or microcosm) is either afflicted or maintained respectively by the morbidity and normal state of ''vayu, pitta'' and ''kapha''.

• The dosha viz. vayu, pitta and kapha never destroy each other in spite of having contra-dictory properties, they coexist in a harmonious state. This happens because of their sa-haja- satmya (natural wholesome disposition of coexistence).

*The dosha viz. ''vayu, pitta'' and ''kapha'' never destroy each other in spite of having contradictory properties, they coexist in a harmonious state. This happens because of their ''sahaja satmya'' (natural wholesome disposition of coexistence).

Vidhi Vimarsha:

=== ''Vidhi Vimarsha'' ===

Vidhi vimarsha:

Vidhi vimarsha: