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Morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular (including cerebrovascular) diseases and renal diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality today. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Cerebrovascular diseases are the fifth leading cause of death . Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), per the Media Centre Fact Sheet of the World Health Organization (WHO), are the “number 1 cause of death globally” with an estimated 17.7 million people dying of it in 2015 (31% of global deaths). . Last but not least, renal diseases (or chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) afflict 14% of the general population in the US and are one of the major causes of death worldwide .
Morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular (including cerebrovascular) diseases and renal diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality today. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Cerebrovascular diseases are the fifth leading cause of death . Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), per the Media Centre Fact Sheet of the World Health Organization (WHO), are the “number 1 cause of death globally” with an estimated 17.7 million people dying of it in 2015 (31% of global deaths). . Last but not least, renal diseases (or chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) afflict 14% of the general population in the US and are one of the major causes of death worldwide .
Marma (vital points) are collection of muscle, tendons, ligaments, bone tissue, joints, blood vessels and nerves, nervous tissue, which forms the seat of life5 and it is also said that they are the seat for tridoṣha, triguna and the ātmā, hence any injury to these can be life threatening and can cause death.6
Marma (vital points) are collection of muscle, tendons, ligaments, bone tissue, joints, blood vessels and nerves, nervous tissue, which forms the seat of life5 and it is also said that they are the seat for tridoṣha, triguna and the ātmā, hence any injury to these can be life threatening and can cause death.6
The word marma is derived from the mru marane dhātu of Sanskrit7 which states that, the marma are so vital that any trauma to them may lead to marana (death). In practical sense, marana here may not mean the death but can be considered as the pain and deformity which is so severe (marana tulya peeda) which may further lead to death.8 The adhisthāna (location) of these diseases of marma can be assessed by the physiological changes in the body which can be detected considering the type of rōgamārga (pathway of pathogenesis). Marma comes under madhyama (middle) rōgamārga9 so understanding of the rōgamārga is essential to analyze the characters of the diseases, related with dushti (pathogenesis).
The word marma is derived from the mru marane dhātu of Sanskrit7 which states that, the marma are so vital that any trauma to them may lead to marana (death). In practical sense, marana here may not mean the death but can be considered as the pain and deformity which is so severe (marana tulya peeda) which may further lead to death.8 The adhisthāna (location) of these diseases of marma can be assessed by the physiological changes in the body which can be detected considering the type of rōgamārga (pathway of pathogenesis). Marma comes under madhyama (middle) rōgamārga9 so understanding of the rōgamārga is essential to analyze the characters of the diseases, related with dushti (pathogenesis).
Following are the sites of three most important marma,
Following are the sites of three most important marma:
#Sira is the brain along with the spinal cord comprising the body's central nervous system which is control network for all the body activities, conscious communication and automatic operation of organs such as breathing, maintaining blood pressure, and releasing hormones etc.
#Hr̥idaya is the heart which is the head of the circulatory system, which supplies oxygen and nutrients to the tissues. The body tissues need constant nutrition supply to be active, if there is lack of blood supply to the organs, the tissues may die.10
#Basti is renal system which plays an important role in elimination of body waste and regulate blood volume, help to regulate blood pressure, pH, and maintains electrolyte balance in the body.
The loss of substance/ body (āsraya) leads to the loss of the substrate/ life (āshrayee) 11 hence, these trimarma should be especially protected against external injury and vātādi doṣha.
The loss of substance/ body (āsraya) leads to the loss of the substrate/ life (āshrayee) 11 hence, these trimarma should be especially protected against external injury and vātādi doṣha.