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Tasyashiteeya Adhyaya (view source)

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=== Sanskrit text, Transliteration and English Translation ===

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अथातस्तस्याशितीयमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः||१|| इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः||२||

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Athātastasyāśitīyamadhyāyaṁ vyākhyāsyāmaḥ||1|| Iti ha smāha bhagavānātrēyaḥ||2||

athAtastasyAshitIyamadhyAyaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH||1|| iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH||2||

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</div></div>

Now I shall expound the chapter on Seasonal regimen of diet and lifestyle. Thus, said Lord Atreya. [1-2]

==== Benefits of following seasonal regimen ====

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तस्याशिताद्यादाहाराद्बलं वर्णश्च वर्धते|

यस्यर्तुसात्म्यं विदितं चेष्टाहारव्यपाश्रयम्||३||

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Tasyāśitādyādāhārādbalaṁ varṇaśca vardhatē|

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tasyAshitAdyAdAhArAdbalaM varNashca vardhate|

yasyartusAtmyaM viditaM ceShTAhAravyapAshrayam||3||

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</div></div>

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A person who knows the [[ritusatmya]] (seasonal adaptations), i.e., getting accustomed to suitable changes in diet and lifestyle according to seasons, and practices such habits accordingly, and whose diet consists of various types of food articles (with properties such as [[ashita]] ,[[khadita]], [[pita]] and [[lidha]]), has his strength and lustre enhanced, and he leads a healthy, long life.[3]

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==== Six seasons according to (the position of the) Sun ====

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इह खलु संवत्सरं षडङ्गमृतुविभागेन विद्यात्|

तत्रादित्यस्योदगयनमादानं च त्रीनृतूञ्छिशिरादीन् ग्रीष्मान्तान् व्यवस्येत्, वर्षादीन् पुनर्हेमन्तान्तान् दक्षिणायनं विसर्गं च||४||

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Iha khalu saṁvatsaraṁ ṣaḍaṅgamr̥tuvibhāgēna vidyāt|

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iha khalu saMvatsaraM ShaDa~ggamRutuvibhAgena vidyAt|

tatrAdityasyodagayanamAdAnaM ca trInRutU~jchishirAdIn grIShmAntAn vyavasyet, varShAdIn punarhemantAntAn dakShiNAyanaM visargaM ca||4||

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</div></div>

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A year ([[samvatsara]]) is divided into six parts (by seasons). Among them, when the Sun is in a position of [[uttarayana]] (northward to the Earth), that part of the year is called [[adana kala]] and includes three [[ritu]] starting from [[shishira]] to [[grishma]] ([[shishira]], [[vasanta]] and [[grishma]]).

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===== [[Adana kala]] (the period with lesser strength) and [[visarga kala]] (the period with good strength) =====

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विसर्गे पुनर्वायवो नातिरूक्षाः प्रवान्ति, इतरे पुनरादाने; सोमश्चाव्याहतबलः शिशिराभिर्भाभिरापूरयञ्जगदाप्याययति शश्वत्, अतो विसर्गः सौम्यः|

आदानं पुनराग्नेयं; तावेतावर्कवायू सोमश्च कालस्वभावमार्गपरिगृहीताः कालर्तुरसदोषदेहबलनिर्वृत्तिप्रत्ययभूताःसमुपदिश्यन्ते||५||

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Visargē punarvāyavō nātirūkṣāḥ pravānti, itarē punarādānē; sōmaścāvyāhatabalaḥśiśirābhirbhābhirāpūrayañjagadāpyāyayati śaśvat, atō visargaḥ saumyaḥ|

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visarge punarvAyavo nAtirUkShAH pravAnti, itare punarAdAne; somashcAvyAhatabalaH shishirAbhirbhAbhirApUraya~jjagadApyAyayati shashvat, ato visargaHsaumyaH|

AdAnaM punarAgneyaM; tAvetAvarkavAyU somashca kAlasvabhAvamArgaparigRuhItAH kAlarturasadoShadehabalanirvRuttipratyayabhUtAH samupadishyante||5||

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</div></div>

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===== Effect of [[adana kala]] =====

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तत्र रविर्भाभिराददानो जगतः स्नेहं वायवस्तीव्ररूक्षाश्चोपशोषयन्तः शिशिरवसन्तग्रीष्मेषु

यथाक्रमं रौक्ष्यमुत्पादयन्तो रूक्षान् रसांस्तिक्तकषायकटुकांश्चाभिवर्धयन्तो नृणां दौर्बल्यमावहन्ति||६||

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Tatra ravirbhābhirādadānō jagataḥ snēhaṁ vāyavastīvrarūkṣāścōpaśōṣayantaḥ śiśiravasantagrīṣmēṣuyathākramaṁ raukṣyamutpādayantō rūkṣān rasāṁstiktakaṣāyakaṭukāṁścābhivardhayantō nr̥ṇāṁdaurbalyamāvahanti||6||

tatra ravirbhAbhirAdadAno jagataH snehaM vAyavastIvrarUkShAshcopashoShayantaH shishiravasantagrIShmeShu yathAkramaM raukShyamutpAdayanto rUkShAnrasAMstiktakaShAyakaTukAMshcAbhivardhayanto nRuNAM daurbalyamAvahanti||6||

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</div></div>

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In [[adana kala]] the Sun with its hot rays absorbs moisture from the environment. The excessively dry wind by virtue of its absorbing quality further causes dryness in [[shishira]], [[vasanta]], and [[grishma]] seasons progressively, leading to the predominance of [[tikta]], [[kashaya]], and [[katu]] [[rasa]] respectively and gradual increase of weakness in human beings during these three seasons. [6]

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===== Effect of [[visarga kala]] =====

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वर्षाशरद्धेमन्तेषु तु दक्षिणाभिमुखेऽर्के कालमार्गमेघवातवर्षाभिहतप्रतापे, शशिनि

चाव्याहतबले, माहेन्द्रसलिलप्रशान्तसन्तापे जगति, अरूक्षा रसाः प्रवर्धन्तेऽम्ललवणमधुरा यथाक्रमं तत्र बलमुपचीयते नृणामिति||७||

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Varṣāśaraddhēmantēṣu tu dakṣiṇābhimukhē'rkē kālamārgamēghavātavarṣābhihatapratāpē, śaśinicāvyāhatabalē, māhēndrasalilapraśāntasantāpē jagati, arūkṣā rasāḥ pravardhantē'mlalavaṇamadhurāyathākramaṁ tatra balamupacīyatē nr̥ṇāmiti||7||

varShAsharaddhemanteShu tu dakShiNAbhimukhe~arke kAlamArgameghavAtavarShAbhihatapratApe, shashini cAvyAhatabale, mAhendrasalilaprashAntasantApejagati, arUkShA rasAH pravardhante~amlalavaNamadhurA yathAkramaM tatra balamupacIyate nRuNAmiti||7||

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</div></div>

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In [[varsha]], [[sharad]] and [[hemanta]] [[ritu]], the Sun is situated in southwards position and its heat slackens due to the effect of time, its position with respect to the Earth, clouds, wind and rain. The power of the Moon is predominant. Rainwater diminishes the heating effect of nature. All of these lead to the predominance of non-dry, [[amla]] (sour), [[lavana]] (salty), and [[madhura]] (sweet) [[rasa]] respectively and gradual increase of body strength in human beings during these three seasons. [7]

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===== Seasonal variation in strength =====

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भवन्ति चात्र-

आदावन्ते च दौर्बल्यं विसर्गादानयोर्नृणाम्|

मध्ये मध्यबलं, त्वन्ते श्रेष्ठमग्रे च निर्दिशेत्||८||

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Bhavanti cātra-

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AdAvante ca daurbalyaM visargAdAnayornRuNAm|

madhye madhyabalaM, tvante shreShThamagre ca nirdishet||8||

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</div></div>

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=====Status of [[agni]] =====

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शीते शीतानिलस्पर्शसंरुद्धो बलिनां बली|

पक्ता भवति हेमन्ते मात्राद्रव्यगुरुक्षमः||९||

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śītē śītānilasparśasaṁruddhō balināṁ balī|

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shIte shItAnilasparshasaMruddho balinAM balI|

paktA bhavati hemante mAtrAdravyagurukShamaH||9||

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</div></div>

During [[sheeta]] [[kala]] ([[hemanta]]) due to the contact of cold wind, the [[agni]] (digestive power) of strong/healthy individuals gets trapped in the body (like in a closed chamber) and becomes strong or powerful enough to digest food that is inherently heavy and excess in quantity. [9]

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स यदा नेन्धनं युक्तं लभते देहजं तदा|

रसं हिनस्त्यतो वायुः शीतः शीते प्रकुप्यति||१०||

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sa yadā nēndhanaṁ yuktaṁ labhatē dēhajaṁ tadā|

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sa yadA nendhanaM yuktaM labhate dehajaM tadA|

rasaM hinastyato vAyuH shItaH shIte prakupyati||10||

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</div></div>

If adequate food is not made available to the body, then this increased [[agni]] consumes/absorbs the [[rasa]](the intrinsic fluids of the body). [[Vata]] having [[sheeta]] (cold) property gets vitiated in this cold season.[10]

=====Diet and beverages in winter season=====

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तस्मात्तुषारसमये स्निग्धाम्ललवणान् रसान्|

औदकानूपमांसानां मेद्यानामुपयोजयेत्||११||

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बिलेशयानां मांसानि प्रसहानां भृतानि च|

भक्षयेन्मदिरां शीधुं मधु चानुपिबेन्नरः||१२||

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Tasmāttuṣārasamayē snigdhāmlalavaṇān rasān|

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bileshayAnAM mAMsAni prasahAnAM bhRutAni ca|

bhakShayenmadirAM shIdhuM madhu cAnupibennaraH||12||

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</div></div>

In the period of snowfall, unctuous, sour and salty food items should be consumed predominantly. Meat of fatty, aquatic and marshy animals should be taken. Meat of burrowing animals and roasted meat of animals that eat by snatching the prey should be consumed and after that drinking of [[madira]] and [[sidhu]] type of wines and honey is advised. [11-12]

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गोरसानिक्षुविकृतीर्वसां तैलं नवौदनम्|

हेमन्तेऽभ्यस्यतस्तोयमुष्णं चायुर्न हीयते||१३||

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gōrasānikṣuvikr̥tīrvasāṁ tailaṁ navaudanam|

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gorasAnikShuvikRutIrvasAM tailaM navaudanam|

hemante~abhyasyatastoyamuShNaM cAyurna hIyate||13||

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</div></div>

A person who is habituated to consuming milk products, cane sugar products, fats and oils, new rice and warm water during [[hemanta]] [[ritu]], never sees his lifespan decrease ( i.e. these help in prevention from early aging and diseases). [13]

=====Lifestyle in winter season=====

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अभ्यङ्गोत्सादनं मूर्ध्नि तैलं जेन्ताकमातपम्|

भजेद्भूमिगृहं चोष्णमुष्णं गर्भगृहं तथा||१४||

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abhyaṅgōtsādanaṁ mūrdhni tailaṁ jēntākamātapam|

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abhya~ggotsAdanaM mUrdhni tailaM jentAkamAtapam|

bhajedbhUmigRuhaM coShNamuShNaM garbhagRuhaM tathA||14||

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</div></div>

In [[hemanta]] [[ritu]],[[abhyanga]] (massage), [[utsadana]] (anointing), [[murdhni taila]] (applying oil on the head), fomentation by [[jentaka]] (a type of fomentation/sudation) method, sunbath, spending time in hot underground houses and warmer, inner rooms of the house is indicated. [14]

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शीतेषु संवृतं सेव्यं यानं शयनमासनम्|

प्रावाराजिनकौषेयप्रवेणीकुथकास्तृतम्||१५||

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śītēṣu saṁvr̥taṁ sēvyaṁ yānaṁ śayanamāsanam|

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shIteShu saMvRutaM [2] sevyaM yAnaM shayanamAsanam|

prAvArAjinakauSheyapraveNIkuthakAstRutam||15||

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</div></div>

In winter season, vehicles, beds and seats should be well covered and spread over with thick quilts, deer or tiger skins, silken sheets, gunny-cloth sheets or blankets. [15]

=====Guidelines for sexual health=====

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गुरूष्णवासा दिग्धाङ्गो गुरुणाऽगुरुणा सदा|

शयने प्रमदां पीनां विशालोपचितस्तनीम्||१६||

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आलिङ्ग्यागुरुदिग्धाङ्गीं सुप्यात् समदमन्मथः|

प्रकामं च निषेवेत मैथुनं शिशिरागमे||१७||

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gurūṣṇavāsā digdhāṅgō guruṇā'guruṇā sadā|

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Ali~ggyAgurudigdhA~ggIM supyAt samadamanmathaH|

prakAmaM ca niSheveta maithunaM shishirAgame||17||

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</div></div>

In the winter season, one should always wear thick and warm clothes and the body should be anointed with thick paste of aguru (Aquilaria agallocha Roxb) (eagle-wood). A man who has strong passion should sleep in the bed at night embracing a healthy woman having well developed, plump breasts and herself anointed with the paste of aguru. One may indeed indulge in sexual intercourse up to full satisfaction. [16-17]

=====Contra-indications in winter season=====

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वर्जयेदन्नपानानि वातलानि लघूनि च|

प्रवातं प्रमिताहारमुदमन्थं हिमागमे||१८||

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varjayēdannapānāni vātalāni laghūni ca|

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varjayedannapAnAni vAtalAni laghUni ca|

pravAtaM pramitAhAramudamanthaM himAgame||18||

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</div></div>

At the advent of winter season intake of food and drinks that cause [[vata]] vitiation and inherently light to digest in property, (getting exposed to) strong winds, inadequate quantities of food, and intake of diluted gruel are contraindicated. [18]

==== Diet and lifestyle guidelines in [[shishira]] [[ritu]] (late winter) ====

===== Characteristics of [[shishira]] [[ritu]] =====

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हेमन्तशिशिरौ तुल्यौ शिशिरेऽल्पं विशेषणम्|

रौक्ष्यमादानजं शीतं मेघमारुतवर्षजम्||१९||

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hēmantaśiśirau tulyau śiśirē'lpaṁ viśēṣaṇam|

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hemantashishirau tulyau shishire~alpaM visheShaNam|

raukShyamAdAnajaM shItaM meghamArutavarShajam||19||

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</div></div>

[[Hemanta]] and [[shishira]] seasons are almost similar in characteristics with some specific features in [[shishira]] [[ritu]]. In this season, due to the onset of [[adana kala]], dryness increases and due to clouds, winds and rain, cold prevails. [19]

===== Additional care in late winter season=====

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तस्माद्धैमन्तिकः सर्वः शिशिरे विधिरिष्यते|

निवातमुष्णं त्वधिकं शिशिरे गृहमाश्रयेत्||२०||

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tasmāddhaimantikaḥ sarvaḥ śiśirē vidhiriṣyatē|

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tasmAddhaimantikaH sarvaH shishire vidhiriShyate|

nivAtamuShNaM tvadhikaM shishire gRuhamAshrayet||20||

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</div></div>

Therefore, the whole regimen advised for [[hemanta]] should also be followed in [[shishira]] [[ritu]]. In addition to that, one should specially stay in less windy and warm shelters (homes). [20]

=====Contra-indication in late winter =====

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कटुतिक्तकषायाणि वातलानि लघूनि च|

वर्जयेदन्नपानानि शिशिरे शीतलानि च||२१||]

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kaṭutiktakaṣāyāṇi vātalāni laghūni ca|

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kaTutiktakaShAyANi vAtalAni laghUni ca|

varjayedannapAnAni shishire shItalAni ca||21||

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</div></div>

In the [[shishira]] season, food and drinks that are predominantly pungent, bitter and astringent in taste, [[vata]] vitiating, and inherently light to digest and cold in properties should be avoided. [21]

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==== Diet and lifestyle guidelines in [[vasanta]] [[ritu]] (spring season) ====

=====Status of [[agni]] in spring=====

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वसन्ते निचितः श्लेष्मा दिनकृद्भाभिरीरितः|

कायाग्निं बाधते रोगांस्ततः प्रकुरुते बहून्||२२||

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vasantē nicitaḥ ślēṣmā dinakr̥dbhābhirīritaḥ|

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vasante nicitaH shleShmA dinakRudbhAbhirIritaH|

kAyAgniM bAdhate rogAMstataH prakurute bahUn||22||

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</div></div>

[[Shleshma]] accumulated in [[hemanta]] [[ritu]] gets liquefied by hot rays of the Sun in [[vasanta]] [[ritu]], which in turn disturbs/decreases the digestive power and ultimately causes many diseases. [22]

=====Indications and contra-indications in spring=====

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तस्माद्वसन्ते कर्माणि वमनादीनि कारयेत्|

गुर्वम्लस्निग्धमधुरं दिवास्वप्नं च वर्जयेत्||२३||

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tasmādvasantē karmāṇi vamanādīni kārayēt|

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tasmAdvasante karmANi vamanAdIni kArayet|

gurvamlasnigdhamadhuraM divAsvapnaM ca varjayet||23||

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</div></div>

Therefore in [[vasanta]] season the purification procedures like [[vamana]] ( therapeutic emesis) and others should be done. One should avoid heavy to digest, sour, unctuous and sweet food items and should not sleep during the daytime. [23]

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व्यायामोद्वर्तनं धूमं कवलग्रहमञ्जनम्|

सुखाम्बुना शौचविधिं शीलयेत् कुसुमागमे||२४||

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vyāyāmōdvartanaṁ dhūmaṁ kavalagrahamañjanam|

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vyAyAmodvartanaM dhUmaM kavalagrahama~jjanam|

sukhAmbunA shaucavidhiM shIlayet kusumAgame||24||

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</div></div>

In [[kusumagama]] [[kala]] (at the advent of spring) when flowers blossom ([[vasanta]]) one should regularly resort to physical exercise, dry massage, medicated smoking, gargling, and collyrium. Bathing and cleaning of excretory orifices should be done with lukewarm water. [24]

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चन्दनागुरुदिग्धाङ्गो यवगोधूमभोजनः|

शारभं शाशमैणेयं मांसं लावकपिञ्जलम्||२५||

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candanāgurudigdhāṅgō yavagōdhūmabhōjanaḥ|

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candanAgurudigdhA~ggo yavagodhUmabhojanaH|

shArabhaM shAshamaiNeyaM mAMsaM lAvakapi~jjalam||25||

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</div></div>

A person should apply the paste of chandana (Santalum album Linn) and aguru (Aquilaria agallocha Roxb) (eagle-wood) on the body. One should take food made up of barley and wheat, meat of [[sharabha]] (wapiti), [[shasha]] (rabbit), [[ena]] (antelope), [[lava]] (common quail) and [[kapinjala]] (grey partridge). [25]

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भक्षयेन्निर्गदं सीधुं पिबेन्माध्वीकमेव वा|

वसन्तेऽनुभवेत् स्त्रीणां काननानां च यौवनम्||२६||

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bhakṣayēnnirgadaṁ sīdhuṁ pibēnmādhvīkamēva vā|

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bhakShayennirgadaM sIdhuM pibenmAdhvIkameva vA|

vasante~anubhavet strINAM kAnanAnAM ca yauvanam||26||

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</div></div>

One should drink clean alcoholic drinks like [[sidhu]] and [[madhvika]] (types of wine preparations) in [[vasanta]] and enjoy the youthfulness of women and of gardens. [26]

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==== Diet and lifestyle guidelines in [[grishma]] [[ritu]] (summer season) ====

=====Effect of excess Sun-heat in summer =====

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मयूखैर्जगतः स्नेहं ग्रीष्मे पेपीयते रविः|

स्वादु शीतं द्रवं स्निग्धमन्नपानं तदा हितम्||२७||

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mayūkhairjagataḥ snēhaṁ grīṣmē pēpīyatē raviḥ|

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mayUkhairjagataH snehaM grIShme pepIyate raviH|

svAdu shItaM dravaM snigdhamannapAnaM tadA hitam||27||

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</div></div>

In [[grishma]] [[ritu]] (summer season), the Sun , by its rays, excessively dries up the environment. So, in this season, food and drinks having sweet, cold, liquid and unctuous qualities are considered wholesome. [27]

=====Diet and beverages in summer=====

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शीतं सशर्करं मन्थं जाङ्गलान्मृगपक्षिणः|

घृतं पयः सशाल्यन्नं भजन् ग्रीष्मे न सीदति||२८||

+

śītaṁ saśarkaraṁ manthaṁ jāṅgalānmr̥gapakṣiṇaḥ|

Line 363: Line 450:

shItaM sasharkaraM manthaM jA~ggalAnmRugapakShiNaH|

ghRutaM payaH sashAlyannaM bhajan grIShme na sIdati||28||

+

</div></div>

In summer season, any individual taking cold and sweet [[mantha]] (a type of liquid diet), meat of wild animals and birds, [[ghee]] and milk with [[shali]] rice (Oryza sativa Linn) does not become weak (i.e., does not suffer from diseases). [28]

=====Contra-indications in summer=====

+

+

मद्यमल्पं न वा पेयमथवा सुबहूदकम्|

लवणाम्लकटूष्णानि व्यायामं च विवर्जयेत् ||२९||

+

Madyamalpaṁ na vā pēyamathavā subahūdakam|

Line 374: Line 465:

madyamalpaM na vA peyamathavA subahUdakam|

lavaNAmlakaTUShNAni vyAyAmaM ca vivarjayet ||29||

+

</div></div>

Alcoholic beverages should be consumed in little quantities or should not be consumed at all, or if taken, should be diluted with plenty of water. One should not consume salty, sour, pungent and hot food, and physical exercise should be avoided. [29]

=====Lifestyle in summer=====

+

+

दिवा शीतगृहे निद्रां निशि चन्द्रांशुशीतले|

भजेच्चन्दनदिग्धाङ्गः प्रवाते हर्म्यमस्तके||३०||

+

Divā śītagr̥hē nidrāṁ niśi candrāṁśuśītalē|

Line 385: Line 480:

divA shItagRuhe nidrAM nishi candrAMshushItale|

bhajeccandanadigdhA~ggaH pravAte harmyamastake||30||

+

</div></div>

During daytime, one should sleep in a cool shelter and during night after applying the paste of chandana (Santalum album Linn) on the body sleep in the airy roof/terrace of the house which is cooled by the Moon-rays. [30]

+

व्यजनैः पाणिसंस्पर्शैश्चन्दनोदकशीतलैः|

सेव्यमानो भजेदास्यां मुक्तामणिविभूषितः||३१||

+

Vyajanaiḥ pāṇisaṁsparśaiścandanōdakaśītalaiḥ|

Line 396: Line 494:

vyajanaiH pANisaMsparshaishcandanodakashItalaiH|

sevyamAno bhajedAsyAM muktAmaNivibhUShitaH||31||

+

</div></div>

One should be seated on a surface decorated with pearl and gems and make use of a fan and touching by soft hands, both cooled with sandal water. [31]

+

काननानि च शीतानि जलानि कुसुमानि च|

ग्रीष्मकाले निषेवेत मैथुनाद्विरतो नरः||३२||

+

Kānanāni ca śītāni jalāni kusumāni ca|

Line 407: Line 508:

kAnanAni ca shItAni jalAni kusumAni ca|

grIShmakAle niSheveta maithunAdvirato naraH||32||

+

</div></div>

In Summer, one should enjoy the coolness of gardens, cold water and flowers, and should abstain from sexual intercourse. [32]

Line 412: Line 514:

==== Diet and lifestyle guidelines in [[Varsha]] [[ritu]] (rainy season) ====

=====Status of [[agni]] in rainy season=====

+

+

आदानदुर्बले देहे पक्ता भवति दुर्बलः|

स वर्षास्वनिलादीनां दूषणैर्बाध्यते पुनः||३३||

+

ādānadurbalē dēhē paktā bhavati durbalaḥ|

Line 420: Line 525:

AdAnadurbale dehe paktA bhavati durbalaH|

sa varShAsvanilAdInAM dUShaNairbAdhyate punaH||33||

+

</div></div>

In a weak body, during the period of dehydration, [[agni]] is also weak, and deteriorates further due to vitiated [[vata]] and other [[dosha]] during rainy season. [33]

+

भूबाष्पान्मेघनिस्यन्दात् पाकादम्लाज्जलस्य च|

वर्षास्वग्निबले क्षीणे कुप्यन्ति पवनादयः||३४||

+

bhūbāṣpānmēghanisyandāt pākādamlājjalasya ca|

Line 431: Line 539:

bhUbAShpAnmeghanisyandAt pAkAdamlAjjalasya ca|

varShAsvagnibale kShINe kupyanti pavanAdayaH||34||

+

</div></div>

In this season, due to evaporating vapors from the Earth, rainfall and acidic transformation of water, the [[agni]] is weakened, thus leading to the further vitiation of [[vata]] and other [[dosha]]. [34]

=====Indications and contra-indications in rainy season=====

+

+

तस्मात् साधारणः सर्वो विधिर्वर्षासु शस्यते|

उदमन्थं दिवास्वप्नमवश्यायं नदीजलम्||३५||

Line 439: Line 550:

व्यायाममातपं चैव व्यवायं चात्र वर्जयेत्|

पानभोजनसंस्कारान् प्रायः क्षौद्रान्वितान् भजेत्||३६||

+

tasmāt sādhāraṇaḥ sarvō vidhirvarṣāsu śasyatē|

Line 451: Line 563:

vyAyAmamAtapaM caiva vyavAyaM cAtra varjayet|

pAnabhojanasaMskArAn prAyaH kShaudrAnvitAn bhajet||36||

+

</div></div>

Hence, in rainy season all basic rules regarding diet and lifestyle are advised to balance all three [[dosha]]. One should avoid diluted [[mantha]](excess liquid diet) , sleeping during the day, exposure to dew, river water, physical exercise, sun rays and sexual intercourse in this season.

One should use food and drinks mostly added with honey in small quantity to pacify the [[kleda]] (moisture) of rainy season. [35-36]

=====Specific diet in rainy season=====

+

+

व्यक्ताम्ललवणस्नेहं वातवर्षाकुलेऽहनि|

विशेषशीते भोक्तव्यं वर्षास्वनिलशान्तये||३७||

+

vyaktāmlalavaṇasnēhaṁ vātavarṣākulē'hani|

Line 463: Line 579:

vyaktAmlalavaNasnehaM vAtavarShAkule~ahani|

visheShashIte bhoktavyaM varShAsvanilashAntaye||37||

+

</div></div>

In the rainy season when the days are cooler due to wind and rain, one should predominantly take sour, salty and unctuous food to alleviate [[vata]]. [37]

+

अग्निसंरक्षणवता यवगोधूमशालयः|

पुराणा जाङ्गलैर्मांसैर्भोज्या यूषैश्च संस्कृतैः||३८||

+

agnisaṁrakṣaṇavatā yavagōdhūmaśālayaḥ|

Line 474: Line 593:

agnisaMrakShaNavatA yavagodhUmashAlayaH|

purANA jA~ggalairmAMsairbhojyA yUShaishca saMskRutaiH||38||

+

</div></div>

A person taking care of his [[agni]] should consume old barley; wheat and [[shali]] rice (Oryza sativa Linn) along with meat of wild animals and processed soup. [38]

+

पिबेत् क्षौद्रान्वितं चाल्पं माध्वीकारिष्टमम्बु वा|

माहेन्द्रं तप्तशीतं वा कौपं सारसमेव वा||३९||

+

pibēt kṣaudrānvitaṁ cālpaṁ mādhvīkāriṣṭamambu vā|

Line 485: Line 607:

pibet kShaudrAnvitaM cAlpaM mAdhvIkAriShTamambu vA|

mAhendraM taptashItaM vA kaupaM sArasameva vA||39||

+

</div></div>

Whenever [[madhvika]] or other fermented liquors and water are consumed, they should be mixed with a little amount of honey. Rain water or water from wells or ponds should be properly boiled and cooled. [39]

=====Lifestyle in rainy season=====

+

+

प्रघर्षोद्वर्तनस्नानगन्धमाल्यपरो भवेत्|

लघुशुद्धाम्बरः स्थानं भजेदक्लेदि वार्षिकम्||४०||

+

pragharṣōdvartanasnānagandhamālyaparō bhavēt|

Line 496: Line 622:

pragharShodvartanasnAnagandhamAlyaparo bhavet|

laghushuddhAmbaraH sthAnaM bhajedakledi vArShikam||40||

+

</div></div>

In the rainy season, one should practice [[pragharsha]] (friction massage), [[udwartana]] (dry massage), [[snana]] (bath), use of fragrance, garlands, wearing light and clean clothes and should reside in the place which is free from humidity. [40]

Line 501: Line 628:

==== Diet and lifestyle guidelines in [[sharada]] [[ritu]] (autumn season) ====

=====Status of [[pitta]] [[dosha]] in autumn season=====

+

+

वर्षाशीतोचिताङ्गानां सहसैवार्करश्मिभिः|

तप्तानामाचितं पित्तं प्रायः शरदि कुप्यति||४१||

+

varṣāśītōcitāṅgānāṁ sahasaivārkaraśmibhiḥ|

Line 509: Line 639:

varShAshItocitA~ggAnAM sahasaivArkarashmibhiH|

taptAnAmAcitaM pittaM prAyaH sharadi kupyati||41||

+

</div></div>

When a body habituated to cold and rain is suddenly subjected to the heat of sun-rays in the [[sharada]] (autumn) season, the accumulated [[pitta]] [[dosha]] in the body often gets aggravated. [41]

=====Specific diet for pacification of [[pitta]] [[dosha]]=====

+

तत्रान्नपानं मधुरं लघु शीतं सतिक्तकम्|

पित्तप्रशमनं सेव्यं मात्रया सुप्रकाङ्क्षितैः||४२||

+

tatrānnapānaṁ madhuraṁ laghu śītaṁ satiktakam|

Line 522: Line 655:

tatrAnnapAnaM madhuraM laghu shItaM satiktakam|

pittaprashamanaM sevyaM mAtrayA suprakA~gkShitaiH||42||

+

</div></div>

In this season food and drinks predominantly of sweet, light, cold and slightly bitter qualities and having [[pitta]] alleviating properties should be taken in proper quantity, only when there is good appetite. [42]

+

लावान् कपिञ्जलानेणानुरभ्राञ्छरभान् शशान्|

शालीन् सयवगोधूमान् सेव्यानाहुर्घनात्यये||४३||

+

lāvān kapiñjalānēṇānurabhrāñcharabhān śaśān|

Line 533: Line 669:

lAvAn kapi~jjalAneNAnurabhrA~jcharabhAn shashAn|

shAlIn sayavagodhUmAn sevyAnAhurghanAtyaye||43||

+

</div></div>

In [[ghanatyaya]] ([[sharada]] [[ritu]]), the meat of [[lava]] (common quail), [[kapinjala]] (grey partridge), [[ena]] (antelope), [[urabhra]] (sheep), [[sharabha]] (wapiti) and [[shasha]] (rabbit), [[shali]] rice (Oryza sativa Linn), barley and wheat should be taken. [43]

+

तिक्तस्य सर्पिषः पानं विरेको रक्तमोक्षणम्|

धाराधरात्यये कार्यमातपस्य च वर्जनम्||४४||

+

tiktasya sarpiṣaḥ pānaṁ virēkō raktamōkṣaṇam|

Line 544: Line 683:

tiktasya sarpiShaH pAnaM vireko raktamokShaNam|

dhArAdharAtyaye kAryamAtapasya ca varjanam||44||

+

</div></div>

In [[sharada]], whenever the rain clouds disappear, the intake of [[tikta ghee]] (ghee medicated with bitter items), use of purgatives, and blood-letting are indicated. [44]

=====Contra-indications in autumn season=====

+

+

वसां तैलमवश्यायमौदकानूपमामिषम्|

क्षारं दधि दिवास्वप्नं प्राग्वातं चात्र वर्जयेत्||४५||

+

vasāṁ tailamavaśyāyamaudakānūpamāmiṣam|

Line 556: Line 699:

vasAM tailamavashyAyamaudakAnUpamAmiSham|

kShAraM dadhi divAsvapnaM prAgvAtaM cAtra varjayet||45||

+

</div></div>

In this season exposure to Sun, intake of muscle fats and oils, exposure to dew, meat of aquatic and marshy animals, alkaline preparations, and curd are contraindicated. One should not sleep during daytime and restrict exposure to easterly wind. [45]

=====[[Hamsodaka]] (pure water)=====

+

+

दिवा सूर्यांशुसन्तप्तं निशि चन्द्रांशुशीतलम्|

कालेन पक्वं निर्दोषमगस्त्येनाविषीकृतम्||४६||

Line 565: Line 711:

हंसोदकमिति ख्यातं शारदं विमलं शुचि|

स्नानपानावगाहेषु हितमम्बु यथाऽमृतम् ||४७|

+

Divā sūryāṁśusantaptaṁ niśi candrāṁśuśītalam|

Line 577: Line 724:

haMsodakamiti khyAtaM shAradaM vimalaM shuci|

snAnapAnAvagAheShu hitamambu yathA~amRutam ||47||

+

</div></div>

+

Water naturally heated with sunrays during daytime and cooled with moon rays during night, well purified by the course of time and detoxified by the effects of [[Agastya]] (the star Canopus) is called [[Hamsodaka]].This is available during [[sharada]] and is clean and clear. This water is beneficial as nectar when used for the purpose of bathing and drinking. [46-47]

</div>

=====Lifestyle during autumn season=====

+

+

शारदानि च माल्यानि वासांसि विमलानि च|

शरत्काले प्रशस्यन्ते प्रदोषे चेन्दुरश्मयः||४८||

+

śāradāni ca mālyāni vāsāṁsi vimalāni ca|

Line 589: Line 741:

shAradAni ca mAlyAni vAsAMsi vimalAni ca|

sharatkAle prashasyante pradoShe cendurashmayaH||48||

+

</div></div>

In [[sharada]] [[ritu]], garlands of seasonal flowers, clean clothes (apparels), and exposure to moon-rays in early nights are very beneficial. [48]

==== [[Okasatmya]](acquired adaptation or habituation) ====

+

इत्युक्तमृतुसात्म्यं यच्चेष्टाहारव्यपाश्रयम्|

उपशेते यदौचित्यादोकःसात्म्यं तदुच्यते||४९||

+

ityuktamr̥tusātmyaṁ yaccēṣṭāhāravyapāśrayam|

Line 602: Line 757:

ityuktamRutusAtmyaM yacceShTAhAravyapAshrayam|

upashete yadaucityAdokaHsAtmyaM taducyate||49||

+

</div></div>

In this way, we discussed about seasonal adaptations with respect to activities and diet.

If any diet and lifestyle become suitable to the body by its regular/habitual use then it is called [[okasatmya]] (acquired adaptation or habituation). [49]

+

देशानामामयानां च विपरीतगुणं गुणैः|

सात्म्यमिच्छन्ति सात्म्यज्ञाश्चेष्टितं चाद्यमेव च||५०||

+

dēśānāmāmayānāṁ ca viparītaguṇaṁ guṇaiḥ|

Line 615: Line 773:

deshAnAmAmayAnAM ca viparItaguNaM guNaiH|

sAtmyamicchanti sAtmyaj~jAshceShTitaM cAdyameva ca||50||

+

</div></div>

Experts of the principles of [[satmya]] (adaptation) consider that diet and lifestyle opposite to the qualities of the habitat of the individual and of the causative factors of the diseases prevalent in the location, can be adapted to (preserve health). [50]

==== Summary ====

+

तत्र श्लोकः-

Line 624: Line 784:

ऋतावृतौ नृभिः सेव्यमसेव्यं यच्च किञ्चन|

तस्याशितीये निर्दिष्टं हेतुमत् सात्म्यमेव च||५१||

+

tatra ślōkaḥ-

Line 632: Line 793:

RutAvRutau nRubhiH sevyamasevyaM yacca ki~jcana|

tasyAshitIye nirdiShTaM hetumat sAtmyameva ca||51||

+

</div></div>

There is the verse:

In this chapter of seasonal regimen of diet and lifestyle, general principles with respect to dietary habits and activities suitable to specific seasons, along with the principles of [[satmya]] (adaptation) have been described. [51]

+

इत्यग्निवेशकृते तन्त्रे चरकप्रतिसंस्कृते श्लोकस्थाने तस्याशितीयो नाम षष्ठोऽध्यायः||६||

+

Ityagnivēśakr̥tē tantrē carakapratisaṁskr̥tē ślōkasthānē tasyāśitīyō nāma ṣaṣṭhō'dhyāyaḥ||6||

+

</div></div>

Thus the sixth chapter entitled [[Tasyashiteeya]] (Seasonal regimen of diet and lifestyle) of [[Sutra Sthana]] is completed, in the treatise compiled by Agnivesha and revised by Charak.

Agnivesha

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